In current study, behavioral measures were conducted to investigate clothing color. The purpose was to focus on the rule that color brightness influencedpositive-negative emotional categorization. Results showed that ...In current study, behavioral measures were conducted to investigate clothing color. The purpose was to focus on the rule that color brightness influencedpositive-negative emotional categorization. Results showed that the effect of brightness on clothing color emotion categorization was significant. With the increase of brightness, the variation curve of positive emotion appears to be a “U-shaped”, whereas that of the negative emotion shows an upside down “U-shaped”. Compared with the low brightness colors, the emotion reaction to the high brightness colors was more positive;Most of the colors with different brightness scales were classified as positive emotions and the minors were classified as negative emotions;the positive colors could be done much faster than the negative ones.展开更多
This paper modifies the Farnes’ unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter which are negative-mass, created continuously from the negative-mass universe in the positive-negative mass universe pair. The first modi...This paper modifies the Farnes’ unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter which are negative-mass, created continuously from the negative-mass universe in the positive-negative mass universe pair. The first modification explains that observed dark energy is 68.6%, greater than 50% for the symmetrical positive-negative mass universe pair. This paper starts with the proposed positive-negative-mass 11D universe pair (without kinetic energy) which is transformed into the positive-negative mass 10D universe pair and the external dual gravities as in the Randall-Sundrum model, resulting in the four equal and separate universes consisting of the positive-mass 10D universe, the positive-mass massive external gravity, the negative-mass 10D universe and the negative-mass massive external gravity. The positive-mass 10D universe is transformed into 4D universe (home universe) with kinetic energy through the inflation and the Big Bang to create positive-mass dark matter which is five times of positive-mass baryonic matter. The other three universes without kinetic energy oscillate between 10D and 10D through 4D, resulting in the hidden universes when D > 4 and dark energy when D = 4, which is created continuously to our 4D home universe with the maximum dark energy = 3/4 = 75%. In the second modification to explain dark matter in the CMB, dark matter initially is not repulsive. The condensed baryonic gas at the critical surface density induces dark matter repulsive force to transform dark matter in the region into repulsive dark matter repulsing one another. The calculated percentages of dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter are 68.6 (as an input from the observation), 26 and 5.2, respectively, in agreement with observed 68.6, 26.5 and 4.9, respectively, and dark energy started in 4.33 billion years ago in agreement with the observed 4.71 <span style="white-space:nowrap;">±</span> 0.98 billion years ago. In conclusion, the modified Farnes’ unifying theory reinterprets the Farnes’ equations, and is a unifying theory of dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter in the positive-negative mass universe pair. The unifying theory explains protogalaxy and galaxy evolutions in agreement with the observations.展开更多
Aiming at the problem of difficulties in seed filling and seed cleaning caused by the small specific gravity,small size,and irregularity of quinoa seeds,a positive-negative pressure precision seed-metering device for ...Aiming at the problem of difficulties in seed filling and seed cleaning caused by the small specific gravity,small size,and irregularity of quinoa seeds,a positive-negative pressure precision seed-metering device for quinoa seeds with a disturbed seed-filling mechanism was designed.The disturbed seed-filling mechanism can improve the seed-filling performance of the precision seed-metering device and reduce the power consumption required by the forced-draught fan.Positive pressure seed cleaning can solve the problem of pore blockage caused by small and light quinoa seeds and improve work stability.Taking Jili No.3 seed as the research object,simulation analysis of the flow field in the air chamber of the precision seed-metering device was carried out by the Fluent 2021 R1 software.The influence of seed-sucking hole structure parameters(shape and number of seed-sucking holes,inclination angle of seed-sucking holes,and diameter of seed-sucking holes)on the flow field was analyzed by a pressure nephogram and a velocity vectogram.The optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows:a circular-cone-type shape of the seed-sucking hole,a number of 20 seed-sucking holes,a 70°inclination angle of the seed-sucking hole,and a 1 mm diameter of the seed-sucking hole.EDEM 2020 software and orthogonal test were used to optimize the design of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism.The influence of structural parameters of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(groove radius of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(GRDSM),arc of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(ADSM),and position angle of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(PADSM))on the qualified index(I_(q))of scooping seeds was analyzed.The optimal parameter combination was obtained:1.3 mm GRDSM,140°ADSM,and 25°PADSM.With the help of the JPS-12 test-bench,a response surface test was carried out with the qualified index(I_(q)),the miss index(I_(miss)),and the multiple index(I_(mul))as test indices,and the seed-sucking negative pressure,the seed-metering device rotation speed,and the seed-falling height as test factors.The optimal working parameter combination was obtained:-3.0 kPa seed-sucking negative pressure,15 r/min seed-metering device rotation speed,100 mm seed-falling height.Validation tests were carried out on the optimized seed-metering device,and the results showed that the I_(q) was 82.5%,the I_(miss) was 6.5%,and the I_(mul) was 11%,which met the index requirements in JB/T 10293-2013 Technical conditions of single seed(precision)seeder.The results of this study can provide a reference for the design of machinery for the precision seeding of small seeds such as quinoa.展开更多
In part Ⅰ of this paper series, the application of an incomplete adjoint operator to calculate the optimal reduction of the total emissions S was suggested. This paper, part Ⅱ of the series, focuses on calculating t...In part Ⅰ of this paper series, the application of an incomplete adjoint operator to calculate the optimal reduction of the total emissions S was suggested. This paper, part Ⅱ of the series, focuses on calculating the reduction of the anthropogenic emission source S. As aSc(the source term due to the chemical reaction in the atmosphere) is a complex function of the pollutant concentration, we propose an iterative optimization method using a positive-negative discriminant to obtain Sfrom he aS. Tconvergence of the iterations is also proven in this paper.展开更多
In order to solve the problem of poor uniformity of wheat strip sowing,this paper designs a positive-negative pressure wheat wide-seedling-strip-seeding precision seed metering device,which adopts the roller structure...In order to solve the problem of poor uniformity of wheat strip sowing,this paper designs a positive-negative pressure wheat wide-seedling-strip-seeding precision seed metering device,which adopts the roller structure with the principle of combined positive-negative pressure.Through theoretical analysis and relevant data,the structure of the seed metering device and the structure of the positive-negative pressure air chamber were designed.The internal flow field conditions were simulated by Fluent software under different structural parameters.The design of the seed holes was completed by analyzing the pressure cloud diagram and the flow velocity vector diagram,and the optimal combination of parameters was obtained and the influence law of negative pressure on the flow field was obtained.The effect of rotational speed on the flow field was studied by EDEM-Fluent coupling technique.In this paper,a three-factor and three-level response surface test was conducted on a JPS-12 test bench with Liangxin-99 wheat as the research object.The experiment was conducted with the rotational speed of seed metering device,the negative pressure of seed suction and the seeding height as factors,and the qualified index,the reseeding index and the miss-seeding index as evaluation indicators.Through the test,the optimal structure and working parameters of the seed metering device were determined as follows:the diameter of the seed hole was 2 mm,and the number of seed holes per row was 28,negative pressure was−3.5 kPa,rotational speed of seed metering device was 19 r/min,and seeding height was 180 mm.Validation test was carried out on the optimized seed metering device:the qualified index was 80.62%,the reseeding index was 9.22%,and the miss-seeding index was 10.16%,which reached the parameter indicator in JB/T 10293-2013 Technical conditions of single seed(precision)seeder and met the agronomic requirements for wheat wide-seedling-strip-seeding.展开更多
In this paper,the dispersion,attenuation,and bandgap characteristics of in-plane coupled Bloch waves in one-dimensional piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)phononic crystals are investigated,emphasizing the influence of p...In this paper,the dispersion,attenuation,and bandgap characteristics of in-plane coupled Bloch waves in one-dimensional piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)phononic crystals are investigated,emphasizing the influence of positive-negative(PN)junctions.Unlike piezoelectric phononic crystals,the coupled Bloch waves in PSC phononic crystals are attenuated due to their semiconductor properties,and thus the solution of Bloch waves becomes more complicated.The transfer matrix of the phononic crystal unit cell is obtained using the state transfer equation.By applying the Bloch theorem for periodic structures,the dispersion relation of the coupled Bloch waves is derived,and the dispersion,attenuation,and bandgap are obtained in the complex wave number domain.It is found that the influence of the PN junction cannot be neglected.Moreover,the effects of the PN junction under different apparent wave numbers and steady-state carrier concentrations are provided.This indicates the feasibility of adjusting the propagation characteristics of Bloch waves through the regulation of the PN heterojunction.展开更多
A common remark among laypeople, and notably also among mental health workers, is that individuals with mental illnesses use drugs as self-medication to allay clinical symptoms and the side effects of drug treatments....A common remark among laypeople, and notably also among mental health workers, is that individuals with mental illnesses use drugs as self-medication to allay clinical symptoms and the side effects of drug treatments. Roots of the self-medication concept in psychiatry date back at least to the 1980 s. Observations that rates of smokers in schizophrenic patients are multiple times the rates for regular smoking in the general population, as well as those with other disorders, proved particularly tempting for a self-medication explanation. Additional evidence came from experiments with animal models exposed to nicotine and the identification of neurobiological mechanisms suggesting self-medication with smoking is a plausible idea. More recently, results from studies comparing smoking and non-smoking schizophrenic patients have led to the questioning of the self-medication hypothesis. Closer examination of the literature points to the possibility that smoking is less beneficial on schizophrenic symptomology than generally assumed while clearly increasing the risk of cancer and other smoking-related diseases responsible for early mortality. It is a good time to examine the evidence for the self-medication concept as it relates to smoking. Our approach is to focus on data addressing direct or implied predictions of the hypothesis in schizophrenic smokers.展开更多
Because of the widespread existence of unsymmetrical system in the production process, its research is getting more and more attention. In this paper, a regression optimal functional control method is proposed for a c...Because of the widespread existence of unsymmetrical system in the production process, its research is getting more and more attention. In this paper, a regression optimal functional control method is proposed for a class of unsymmetrical system. For the positive-negative model of the unsymmetrical system, a regression optimal functional controller is designed, which can make the system stable. The proposed algorithm has less computation and good control effect. Finally, three simulation examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.展开更多
The Weber-Hermite differential equation, obtained as the dimensionless form of the stationary Schroedinger equation for a linear harmonic oscillator in quantum mechanics, has been expressed in a generalized form throu...The Weber-Hermite differential equation, obtained as the dimensionless form of the stationary Schroedinger equation for a linear harmonic oscillator in quantum mechanics, has been expressed in a generalized form through introduction of a constant conjugation parameter according to the transformation , where the conjugation parameter is set to unity () at the end of the evaluations. Factorization in normal order form yields composite eigenfunctions, Hermite polynomials and corresponding positive eigenvalues, while factorization in the anti-normal order form yields the partner composite anti-eigenfunctions, anti-Hermite polynomials and negative eigenvalues. The two sets of solutions are related by an reversal conjugation rule . Setting provides the standard Hermite polynomials and their partner anti-Hermite polynomials. The anti-Hermite polynomials satisfy a new differential equation, which is interpreted as the conjugate of the standard Hermite differential equation.展开更多
An exact quantum treatment reveals that signal and idler photon number operators are not well-behaved dynamical operators for studying photon statistics in parametric amplification/down-conversion processes. Contrary ...An exact quantum treatment reveals that signal and idler photon number operators are not well-behaved dynamical operators for studying photon statistics in parametric amplification/down-conversion processes. Contrary to expectations, the mean signal-idler photon number difference varies with time, while the corresponding signal-idler photon number cross-correlation function is complex and experiences an interference phenomenon driven by the interaction parameters. The intensity operators and related polarization operators of the polarized signal-idler photon pair in positive and negative helicity states are identified as the appropriate operators specifying a conservation law and the dynamical symmetry group (SU(1, 1)) of the parametric amplification process. The conservation of the mean positive and negative helicity photon intensity difference and the purely real positive-negative helicity intensity cross-correlation function correctly account for the simultaneous production of polarized signal and idler photons in positive and negative helicity states.展开更多
文摘In current study, behavioral measures were conducted to investigate clothing color. The purpose was to focus on the rule that color brightness influencedpositive-negative emotional categorization. Results showed that the effect of brightness on clothing color emotion categorization was significant. With the increase of brightness, the variation curve of positive emotion appears to be a “U-shaped”, whereas that of the negative emotion shows an upside down “U-shaped”. Compared with the low brightness colors, the emotion reaction to the high brightness colors was more positive;Most of the colors with different brightness scales were classified as positive emotions and the minors were classified as negative emotions;the positive colors could be done much faster than the negative ones.
文摘This paper modifies the Farnes’ unifying theory of dark energy and dark matter which are negative-mass, created continuously from the negative-mass universe in the positive-negative mass universe pair. The first modification explains that observed dark energy is 68.6%, greater than 50% for the symmetrical positive-negative mass universe pair. This paper starts with the proposed positive-negative-mass 11D universe pair (without kinetic energy) which is transformed into the positive-negative mass 10D universe pair and the external dual gravities as in the Randall-Sundrum model, resulting in the four equal and separate universes consisting of the positive-mass 10D universe, the positive-mass massive external gravity, the negative-mass 10D universe and the negative-mass massive external gravity. The positive-mass 10D universe is transformed into 4D universe (home universe) with kinetic energy through the inflation and the Big Bang to create positive-mass dark matter which is five times of positive-mass baryonic matter. The other three universes without kinetic energy oscillate between 10D and 10D through 4D, resulting in the hidden universes when D > 4 and dark energy when D = 4, which is created continuously to our 4D home universe with the maximum dark energy = 3/4 = 75%. In the second modification to explain dark matter in the CMB, dark matter initially is not repulsive. The condensed baryonic gas at the critical surface density induces dark matter repulsive force to transform dark matter in the region into repulsive dark matter repulsing one another. The calculated percentages of dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter are 68.6 (as an input from the observation), 26 and 5.2, respectively, in agreement with observed 68.6, 26.5 and 4.9, respectively, and dark energy started in 4.33 billion years ago in agreement with the observed 4.71 <span style="white-space:nowrap;">±</span> 0.98 billion years ago. In conclusion, the modified Farnes’ unifying theory reinterprets the Farnes’ equations, and is a unifying theory of dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter in the positive-negative mass universe pair. The unifying theory explains protogalaxy and galaxy evolutions in agreement with the observations.
基金financially supported by Key R&D Program of Hebei(Grant No.21326305D,21327215D)Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects Guided by the Central Government(Grant No.236Z7202G)Zhangjiakou Significant Scientific and Technical Achievement Transformation Project(Grant No.2311012Hc).
文摘Aiming at the problem of difficulties in seed filling and seed cleaning caused by the small specific gravity,small size,and irregularity of quinoa seeds,a positive-negative pressure precision seed-metering device for quinoa seeds with a disturbed seed-filling mechanism was designed.The disturbed seed-filling mechanism can improve the seed-filling performance of the precision seed-metering device and reduce the power consumption required by the forced-draught fan.Positive pressure seed cleaning can solve the problem of pore blockage caused by small and light quinoa seeds and improve work stability.Taking Jili No.3 seed as the research object,simulation analysis of the flow field in the air chamber of the precision seed-metering device was carried out by the Fluent 2021 R1 software.The influence of seed-sucking hole structure parameters(shape and number of seed-sucking holes,inclination angle of seed-sucking holes,and diameter of seed-sucking holes)on the flow field was analyzed by a pressure nephogram and a velocity vectogram.The optimal parameter combination was obtained as follows:a circular-cone-type shape of the seed-sucking hole,a number of 20 seed-sucking holes,a 70°inclination angle of the seed-sucking hole,and a 1 mm diameter of the seed-sucking hole.EDEM 2020 software and orthogonal test were used to optimize the design of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism.The influence of structural parameters of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(groove radius of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(GRDSM),arc of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(ADSM),and position angle of the disturbed seed-filling mechanism(PADSM))on the qualified index(I_(q))of scooping seeds was analyzed.The optimal parameter combination was obtained:1.3 mm GRDSM,140°ADSM,and 25°PADSM.With the help of the JPS-12 test-bench,a response surface test was carried out with the qualified index(I_(q)),the miss index(I_(miss)),and the multiple index(I_(mul))as test indices,and the seed-sucking negative pressure,the seed-metering device rotation speed,and the seed-falling height as test factors.The optimal working parameter combination was obtained:-3.0 kPa seed-sucking negative pressure,15 r/min seed-metering device rotation speed,100 mm seed-falling height.Validation tests were carried out on the optimized seed-metering device,and the results showed that the I_(q) was 82.5%,the I_(miss) was 6.5%,and the I_(mul) was 11%,which met the index requirements in JB/T 10293-2013 Technical conditions of single seed(precision)seeder.The results of this study can provide a reference for the design of machinery for the precision seeding of small seeds such as quinoa.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0209000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41630530&41877316).
文摘In part Ⅰ of this paper series, the application of an incomplete adjoint operator to calculate the optimal reduction of the total emissions S was suggested. This paper, part Ⅱ of the series, focuses on calculating the reduction of the anthropogenic emission source S. As aSc(the source term due to the chemical reaction in the atmosphere) is a complex function of the pollutant concentration, we propose an iterative optimization method using a positive-negative discriminant to obtain Sfrom he aS. Tconvergence of the iterations is also proven in this paper.
基金supported by State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationKey R&D Projects in Hebei Province(Grant No.21327215D)Funding Projects for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars in 2020,China(Grant No.C20200337).
文摘In order to solve the problem of poor uniformity of wheat strip sowing,this paper designs a positive-negative pressure wheat wide-seedling-strip-seeding precision seed metering device,which adopts the roller structure with the principle of combined positive-negative pressure.Through theoretical analysis and relevant data,the structure of the seed metering device and the structure of the positive-negative pressure air chamber were designed.The internal flow field conditions were simulated by Fluent software under different structural parameters.The design of the seed holes was completed by analyzing the pressure cloud diagram and the flow velocity vector diagram,and the optimal combination of parameters was obtained and the influence law of negative pressure on the flow field was obtained.The effect of rotational speed on the flow field was studied by EDEM-Fluent coupling technique.In this paper,a three-factor and three-level response surface test was conducted on a JPS-12 test bench with Liangxin-99 wheat as the research object.The experiment was conducted with the rotational speed of seed metering device,the negative pressure of seed suction and the seeding height as factors,and the qualified index,the reseeding index and the miss-seeding index as evaluation indicators.Through the test,the optimal structure and working parameters of the seed metering device were determined as follows:the diameter of the seed hole was 2 mm,and the number of seed holes per row was 28,negative pressure was−3.5 kPa,rotational speed of seed metering device was 19 r/min,and seeding height was 180 mm.Validation test was carried out on the optimized seed metering device:the qualified index was 80.62%,the reseeding index was 9.22%,and the miss-seeding index was 10.16%,which reached the parameter indicator in JB/T 10293-2013 Technical conditions of single seed(precision)seeder and met the agronomic requirements for wheat wide-seedling-strip-seeding.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11872105,12072022,11911530176,and 12202039)。
文摘In this paper,the dispersion,attenuation,and bandgap characteristics of in-plane coupled Bloch waves in one-dimensional piezoelectric semiconductor(PSC)phononic crystals are investigated,emphasizing the influence of positive-negative(PN)junctions.Unlike piezoelectric phononic crystals,the coupled Bloch waves in PSC phononic crystals are attenuated due to their semiconductor properties,and thus the solution of Bloch waves becomes more complicated.The transfer matrix of the phononic crystal unit cell is obtained using the state transfer equation.By applying the Bloch theorem for periodic structures,the dispersion relation of the coupled Bloch waves is derived,and the dispersion,attenuation,and bandgap are obtained in the complex wave number domain.It is found that the influence of the PN junction cannot be neglected.Moreover,the effects of the PN junction under different apparent wave numbers and steady-state carrier concentrations are provided.This indicates the feasibility of adjusting the propagation characteristics of Bloch waves through the regulation of the PN heterojunction.
基金Supported by In part by grants from the University of Missouri System,including the UM-Research Board and the Interdisciplinary Intercampus Research Program to GTTfrom the W.M. Keck Foundation to SEM
文摘A common remark among laypeople, and notably also among mental health workers, is that individuals with mental illnesses use drugs as self-medication to allay clinical symptoms and the side effects of drug treatments. Roots of the self-medication concept in psychiatry date back at least to the 1980 s. Observations that rates of smokers in schizophrenic patients are multiple times the rates for regular smoking in the general population, as well as those with other disorders, proved particularly tempting for a self-medication explanation. Additional evidence came from experiments with animal models exposed to nicotine and the identification of neurobiological mechanisms suggesting self-medication with smoking is a plausible idea. More recently, results from studies comparing smoking and non-smoking schizophrenic patients have led to the questioning of the self-medication hypothesis. Closer examination of the literature points to the possibility that smoking is less beneficial on schizophrenic symptomology than generally assumed while clearly increasing the risk of cancer and other smoking-related diseases responsible for early mortality. It is a good time to examine the evidence for the self-medication concept as it relates to smoking. Our approach is to focus on data addressing direct or implied predictions of the hypothesis in schizophrenic smokers.
文摘Because of the widespread existence of unsymmetrical system in the production process, its research is getting more and more attention. In this paper, a regression optimal functional control method is proposed for a class of unsymmetrical system. For the positive-negative model of the unsymmetrical system, a regression optimal functional controller is designed, which can make the system stable. The proposed algorithm has less computation and good control effect. Finally, three simulation examples are given to verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
文摘The Weber-Hermite differential equation, obtained as the dimensionless form of the stationary Schroedinger equation for a linear harmonic oscillator in quantum mechanics, has been expressed in a generalized form through introduction of a constant conjugation parameter according to the transformation , where the conjugation parameter is set to unity () at the end of the evaluations. Factorization in normal order form yields composite eigenfunctions, Hermite polynomials and corresponding positive eigenvalues, while factorization in the anti-normal order form yields the partner composite anti-eigenfunctions, anti-Hermite polynomials and negative eigenvalues. The two sets of solutions are related by an reversal conjugation rule . Setting provides the standard Hermite polynomials and their partner anti-Hermite polynomials. The anti-Hermite polynomials satisfy a new differential equation, which is interpreted as the conjugate of the standard Hermite differential equation.
文摘An exact quantum treatment reveals that signal and idler photon number operators are not well-behaved dynamical operators for studying photon statistics in parametric amplification/down-conversion processes. Contrary to expectations, the mean signal-idler photon number difference varies with time, while the corresponding signal-idler photon number cross-correlation function is complex and experiences an interference phenomenon driven by the interaction parameters. The intensity operators and related polarization operators of the polarized signal-idler photon pair in positive and negative helicity states are identified as the appropriate operators specifying a conservation law and the dynamical symmetry group (SU(1, 1)) of the parametric amplification process. The conservation of the mean positive and negative helicity photon intensity difference and the purely real positive-negative helicity intensity cross-correlation function correctly account for the simultaneous production of polarized signal and idler photons in positive and negative helicity states.
