Guizhi Fuling capsule(GFC), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) with effects of promoting blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, has been widely used in the clinic. Because of the complex matrix and various c...Guizhi Fuling capsule(GFC), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) with effects of promoting blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, has been widely used in the clinic. Because of the complex matrix and various chemical structure types, quality control of GFC remains great challenge. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-QQQ MS) method with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching was developed for simultaneous determination of 18 bioactive components in GFC, including methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoic acid, albiflorin, paeonolide, paeoniflorin, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentagalloylglucose, mudanpioside C, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, pachymic acid, amygdalin, cinnamaldehyde, paeonol, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. Separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Extend–C18 column(2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm), using a gradient elution with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid. Cholic acid was selected as the internal standard. This newly developed method was fully validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability, and then applied to quality assessment of GFC. Finally, the batch-to-batch reproducibility of GFC samples was evaluated by the cosine ration and Euclidean distance method, which showed high quality consistency. The results demonstrated that the developed method provided a reasonable and powerful manner for quality control of GFC.展开更多
Adolescence is a crucial period marked by significant developmental changes,during which risk-taking behaviors can be both a normative part of development and a potential source of concern.However,prior research has f...Adolescence is a crucial period marked by significant developmental changes,during which risk-taking behaviors can be both a normative part of development and a potential source of concern.However,prior research has focused predominantly on the adverse aspects of risk-taking(i.e.,negative risk-taking),overlooked the positive counterpart(i.e.,positive risk-taking),and lacked a detailed examination of both.This study aims to elucidate the distinct characteristics and interrelationships of positive and negative risk-taking behaviors among adoles-cents and to identify the key factors that influence these behaviors.Through a comprehensive synthesis of theoretical and empirical literature,we explore the multifaceted nature of risk-taking,highlighting its complex influencing factors,including individual traits,family dynamics,peer influence,school environment,and broader community contexts.By identifying the shared and unique factors contributing to positive and negative risk-taking behaviors,we can enable adolescents to navigate this complex stage of life and design targeted interventions.Future research directions include the application of person-centered approaches,the implementation of longitudinal tracking and the interactive effects of influencing factors,among other aspects.展开更多
BACKGROUND The number of tumor deposits(TDs)does not play a part in the current tumor node metastasis staging.Negative lymph node(NLN)status is associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer(CRC),but its clear rol...BACKGROUND The number of tumor deposits(TDs)does not play a part in the current tumor node metastasis staging.Negative lymph node(NLN)status is associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer(CRC),but its clear role in N1c stage remains to be defined.AIM To evaluate the combination of TDs and NLNs as potential prognostic indicators in N1c CRC.METHODS We retrospectively identified 107 consecutive patients who had N1c CRC radically resected at China-Japan Friendship Hospital.The combination of TDs and NLNs was calculated by the formula NLNTD=NLN/(TD+1).Cutoff values of NLNs and NLNTD were determined using the R package“survminer”.Disease-free survival(DFS),overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method to assess the impact of NLNTD on prognosis.Results were compared using the log-rank test.RESULTS The median follow-up time was 63.17(45.33-81.37)months for DFS,with 33.64%(36/107)of patients experiencing recurrence during follow-up.Five-year DFS was 66.0%(57.3%-76.0%).There was no significant difference in prognosis between patients with>12 and≤12 NLNs(P=0.058)for DFS.Similar results were seen according to the number of TDs.The definition of NLNTD=NLN/(TD+1)with a cutoff value of 6 divided patients into two groups with different DFS(P=0.005).Five-year DFS for patients with NLNTD>6 was 73.5%(63.6%-85.0%),compared with 50.0%(35.7%-70.0%)for those with NLNTD≤6.These two groups had different prognosis without perineural invasion(P=0.012)or lymphovascular invasion(P=0.002)even neither(P=0.053).Similar results were seen for OS and CSS.CONCLUSION NLNTD could serve as important prognostic factor for outcomes in N1c CRC patients.These patients could be stratified for prognosis through NLNTD and the high-risk should be given more attention during treatment.展开更多
The dynamics of negative surface discharges in c-C_(4)F_(8)/CF_(3)I/CO_(2) gas mixture is investigated here with a 2D fuid model.The distributions of ion concentration,electric field strength and photon flux during th...The dynamics of negative surface discharges in c-C_(4)F_(8)/CF_(3)I/CO_(2) gas mixture is investigated here with a 2D fuid model.The distributions of ion concentration,electric field strength and photon flux during the propagation of the streamer are obtained by solving the drift-diffusion equations of particles and Poisson's equation,and the photon flux variation function during the propagation is also fitted.It is found that the streamer branches occur when the streamer transitions from the upper surface of the insulator to the side surface,and then when the streamer approaches the plane electrode,the photon flux will increase significantly.On this basis,the positive and negative surface discharge models are compared in terms of streamer characteristics,particle characteristics and streamer branches.It is found that the streamer has a higher electron concentration and electric field in the positive model.The streamer develops“floating”in the positive surface discharge,while it is close to the surface of the insulator in the negative model.In addition,the negative streamer branch has a wider width and develops further.展开更多
Background: Surface antigen (HBsAg) is the mean marker of hepatitis B virus infection. During the course of the infection, some patients lose the HBsAg and only the presence of anti-HBc antibody indicates previous con...Background: Surface antigen (HBsAg) is the mean marker of hepatitis B virus infection. During the course of the infection, some patients lose the HBsAg and only the presence of anti-HBc antibody indicates previous contact with the virus. Among these patients, some have detectable viral load (occult infection) but most without viral replication. There is no guideline regarding these patients. The aim of this study was to assess hepatic fibrosis in patients with only the hepatitis B virus contact marker “total anti-HBc”. Patients and methods: it was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted in three private hospitals from January to August 2022. Were included HBsAg-negative and HBc-positive patients, consulting in Gastroenterology departments. Noninvasive methods (APRI, FIB-4 and FIBROSCAN) were used to evaluate liver stiffness because of their easy accessibility and low-cost. The hepatic fibrosis was considered significant when the score determined by APRI, FIB-4 and FIBROSCAN® tests was respectively greater than 1.5;2.67 and 8 kPa corresponding to fibrosis level 2 (F2). Results: A total of 63 HBsAg-negative/total HBcAg-positive patients were included. The mean age was 49.9 ± 13.4 years. The male/female sex ratio was 1.78. Of the 63 patients, 19 had significant liver fibrosis (30.1%) among which 9 patients had HCC. The FIB-4 score outperformed the APRI score in assessing liver fibrosis, with a sensitivity of 84.2%, a specificity of 100% and a negative predictive value of 93.6%. In univariate analysis, there was a significant association between the occurrence of significant liver fibrosis and age over 40 years, dyslipidaemia, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, herbal medicine, negative anti-HBs immunological status and detectable viral load. Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of significant to severe hepatic fibrosis in anti-HBc positive patients. In most of the cases, the fibrosis was severe. Progression to HCC has also been possible. There is no consensus on the follow-up strategy for those patients. However, screening for hepatic fibrosis using noninvasive methods should be recommended for patients aged over 40 years, alcohol or herbal medicine users, patients with metabolic syndrome or occult hepatitis B. In HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive patients, liver stiffness should be evaluated and if it is greater than F2, HCC screening should be started.展开更多
In the second paper on the inverse relativity model, we explained in the first paper [1] that analyzing the four-dimensional displacement vector on space-time according to a certain approach leads to the splitting of ...In the second paper on the inverse relativity model, we explained in the first paper [1] that analyzing the four-dimensional displacement vector on space-time according to a certain approach leads to the splitting of space-time into positive and negative subspace-time. Here, in the second paper, we continue to analyze each of the four-dimensional vectors of velocity, acceleration, momentum, and forces on the total space-time fabric. According to the approach followed in the first paper. As a result, in the special case, we obtain new transformations for each of the velocity, acceleration, momentum, energy, and forces specific to each subspace-time, which are subject to the positive and negative modified Lorentz transformations described in the first paper. According to these transformations, momentum remains a conserved quantity in the positive subspace and increases in the negative subspace, while the relativistic total energy decreases in the positive subspace and increases in the negative subspace. In the general case, we also have new types of energy-momentum tensor, one for positive subspace-time and the other for negative subspace-time, where the energy density decreases in positive subspace-time and increases in negative subspace-time, and we also obtain new gravitational field equations for each subspace-time.展开更多
Context: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps restore the health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Likewise, it increases the risk of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among the recipients. In countri...Context: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps restore the health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Likewise, it increases the risk of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among the recipients. In countries like Botswana where ±84% of PLHIV is on ART, the paucity of data comparing overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients may impede clinical and policy decision-making. This study sought to estimate and compare: i) the prevalence of overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients;ii) the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM)/coronary heart disease (CHD) between HIV-positive patients on ART and HIV-negative patients attending same outpatient departments of general clinics in Gaborone, Botswana. Patients and Methods: Five hundred eighty-one (581) outpatients were recruited in four major clinics of Gaborone, Botswana, between June and July 2019;294 or 51% of them were HIV-negative and 287 or 49% were HIV-positive on ART. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and of HTN and DM/CHD were calculated and examined using stratified analysis. Subgroups were compared using Chi-square analysis with Yates correction or Fisher exact test and t-student test for continuous data. Results: Major findings after stratification of the study population by HIV status were: i) the prevalence of all categories of (BMI), including overweight/obesity, were comparable between HIV-negative-patients and HIV-positive. In fact, there were 24 (8.0%) cases of underweight among HIV-negative-Patients and 15(5%) cases among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.2;145 (49%) HIV-negative-patients and 128 (45%) HIV-positive, p = 0.07 cases of normal weight;72 (25%) HIV-negative-patients and 87 (30%) HIV-positive, p = 0.08, were overweight;53 (18%) HIV-negative-patients and 57 (20%) HIV-positive, p = 0.12, were obese;125 (43%) HIV-negative patients and 144 (50%) HIV-positive, p=0.06 were overweight/obese;ii) the prevalence of HTN and DM/CHD among HIV-positive-patients were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to HIV-negative patients: There were 32 (10.9%) cases of HTN among HIV-negative patients compared to 18 (6.3%) cases of HTN among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001;32 (11%) cases of DM/CHD HIV-negative patients compared to 4 (1.4%) cases of DM/CHD among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001. Conclusion: the prevalence of overweight/obesity observed between HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients may suggest that the two groups shared the same exposure factors. That HTN and DM/CHD prevalence was lower among HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative patients, is possibly due to interplay factors of ART, HIV or the host population. Further studies are, however, recommended for clarifications.展开更多
CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)ceramic nanocomposites incorporating graphene–carbon black(GRCB)fillers were fabricated by spark plasma sintering process.The percolative effects of conductive GRCB fillers on dielectric res...CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)ceramic nanocomposites incorporating graphene–carbon black(GRCB)fillers were fabricated by spark plasma sintering process.The percolative effects of conductive GRCB fillers on dielectric response of GRCB/CCTO ternary metacomposites were systematically investigated.The weakly real permittivity(ε′)-negative response(ε′~−1×10^(2))was achieved which originated from weakly low-frequency plasmonic state of free carriers within constructed GRCB networks.With enhancing three-dimensional GRCB network,the plasma frequency of metacomposites increased while the damping factor decreased.Herein,theε′-negative values of metacomposites were tuned from−10^(2) to−10^(4) orders of magnitude andε′-near-zero(ENZ)frequencies from~142 to~340 MHz which substantially benefited from the moderate carrier concentration of GRCB dual fillers.The Drude model and equivalent circuit models were adopted to demonstrate dielectric and electrical characteristics.The obtained metacomposites show strong EM shielding effect along with enhanced plasmonic oscillation and even better achieving perfect EM shielding effect in ENZ media.This work achieves the tunableε′-negative andε′-near-zero response and more importantly clarifies its regulation mechanism in ceramic-based ternary metacomposites,which opens up the possibility of designing high-performance EM shielding materials based on metacomposites.展开更多
Xianyang Lake is the abbreviation of Weihe River(Xianyang Urban Area Section) Comprehensive Treatment Project,which is to build a partition wall in the middle of the 500 wide Weihe River Valley,then a 270 m wide water...Xianyang Lake is the abbreviation of Weihe River(Xianyang Urban Area Section) Comprehensive Treatment Project,which is to build a partition wall in the middle of the 500 wide Weihe River Valley,then a 270 m wide water storage channel on the north side and a 230 m wide muddy water floodway channel on the south side will be formed.Two rubber dams are constructed in the water storage channels to form a 'Xianyang Lake' with an area of 1.24×106 m2,meanwhile,along both sides of Weihe River in this section,slope protection and flood prevention as well as a series of greening and cultural landscape projects are to be constructed.This project,with flood prevention as the core,aims to improve the living environment and protect ecological environment,and realize the comprehensive treatment of river way flood-proofing,desilting,sewage purification,greening and beautification.The construction of Xianyang Lake greatly improves the image of Xianyang City and generates considerable economic,social and ecological benefits,however,it also has negative effects,such as insufficient lake water supply,original ecology being intervened by human activities,aggravating local fiscal burden,and potential threats to the flood-proofing in the lower reaches of Weihe River.The author puts forwards that 'creating a lake by damming the river' in the process of urbanization and solving the conflicts between sectional interests and integrated interests should follow natural laws and go along the track of sustainable development,which is also the orientation of future work,and the concrete reform scheme is to be further studied.展开更多
Composites featuring negative permittivity have garnered significant attention for their potential in novel capacitance designs,coil-less electrical inductors,and electromagnetic shielding applications.In this study,w...Composites featuring negative permittivity have garnered significant attention for their potential in novel capacitance designs,coil-less electrical inductors,and electromagnetic shielding applications.In this study,we prepared polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)matrix composites filled with ZrO_(2)/C nanoparticles de-rived from metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)via a hot-pressing method.With an increase in the ZrO_(2)/C content to 30 wt.%,electrical percolation was observed,accompanied by a transition mechanism from hopping conduction to metal-like conduction.This enabled the realization of ZrO_(2)/C/PVDF composites with tailorable negative permittivity properties,attributed to the plasmonic oscillation of free electrons in the composites beyond the percolation threshold(30 wt.%).Furthermore,the permittivity transition along to a shift in the electrical behavior of the percolative composites from capacitive to inductive.We explored the regulatory mechanism behind the negative permittivity in this random composite system,and our findings highlight the potential of these tunable negative permittivity media as promising candi-dates for diverse electromagnetic applications.展开更多
In this paper,we study the Bowen entropy of stable sets in positive entropy G-system of amenable group actions.The lower bound of the Bowen entropy of these sets are estimated.
Assuming a two-component, positive and negative mass, superfluid/supersolid for space (the Winterberg model), we model the Higgs field as a condensate made up of a positive and a negative mass, planckion pair. The con...Assuming a two-component, positive and negative mass, superfluid/supersolid for space (the Winterberg model), we model the Higgs field as a condensate made up of a positive and a negative mass, planckion pair. The connection is shown to be consistent (compatible) with the underlying field equations for each field, and the continuity equation is satisfied for both species of planckions, as well as for the Higgs field. An inherent length scale for space (the vacuum) emerges, which we estimate from previous work to be of the order of, l<sub>+</sub> (0) = l<sub>-</sub> (0) = 5.032E-19 meters, for an undisturbed (unperturbed) vacuum. Thus we assume a lattice structure for space, made up of overlapping positive and negative mass wave functions, ψ<sub>+</sub>, and, ψ<sub>-</sub>, which together bind to form the Higgs field, giving it its rest mass of 125.35 Gev/c<sup>2</sup> with a coherence length equal to its Compton wavelength. If the vacuum experiences an extreme disturbance, such as in a LHC pp collision, it is conjectured that severe dark energy results, on a localized level, with a partial disintegration of the Higgs force field in the surrounding space. The Higgs boson as a quantum excitation in this field results when the vacuum reestablishes itself, within 10<sup>-22</sup> seconds, with positive and negative planckion mass number densities equalizing in the disturbed region. Using our fundamental equation relating the Higgs field, φ, to the planckion ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> wave functions, we calculate the overall vacuum pressure (equal to vacuum energy density), as well as typical ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> displacements from equilibrium within the vacuum.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise c...In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)decomposition.We study the properties of RPCP matrices and give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix pair to be RPCP.First,we give an equivalent decomposition for the RPCP matrices,which is different from the RPCP-decomposition and show that the matrix pair(X,X)is RPCP if and only if X is completely positive.Besides,we also prove that the RPCP matrices checking problem is equivalent to the separable completion problem.A semidefinite algorithm is also proposed for detecting whether or not a matrix pair is RPCP.The asymptotic and finite convergence of the algorithm are also discussed.If it is RPCP,we can further give a RPCP-decomposition for it;if it is not,we can obtain a certificate for this.展开更多
Despite advancements in neuroimaging,false positive diagnoses of intracranial aneurysms remain a significant concern.This article examines the causes,prevalence,and implications of such false-positive diagnoses.We dis...Despite advancements in neuroimaging,false positive diagnoses of intracranial aneurysms remain a significant concern.This article examines the causes,prevalence,and implications of such false-positive diagnoses.We discuss how conditions like arterial occlusion with vascular stump formation and infundibular widening can mimic aneurysms,particularly in the anterior circulation.The article compares various imaging modalities,including computer tomography angiogram,magnetic resonance imaging/angiography,and digital subtraction angiogram,highlighting their strengths and limitations.We emphasize the im-portance of accurate differentiation to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.The potential of emerging technologies,such as high-resolution vessel wall ima-ging and deep neural networks for automated detection,is explored as promising avenues for improving diagnostic accuracy.This manuscript underscores the need for continued research and clinical vigilance in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms.展开更多
In life,we are bound to encounter various difficulties and setbacks.However,it is of great significance to maintain a positive attitude when were facing these challenges.For me,this lesson was deeply impressed upon me...In life,we are bound to encounter various difficulties and setbacks.However,it is of great significance to maintain a positive attitude when were facing these challenges.For me,this lesson was deeply impressed upon me during a particularly tough period.展开更多
This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of norm...This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of normalized positive solutions for this equation via the Trudinger-Moser inequality and variational methods.Moreover,these solutions are also ground state solutions.Additionally,the article also characterized the asymptotic behavior of solutions.The results of this article expand the research of relevant literature.展开更多
Higher education is transitioning from mass expansion to high-quality development.In this process,mental health issues among college students have become increasingly prominent,encompassing not only academic stress-in...Higher education is transitioning from mass expansion to high-quality development.In this process,mental health issues among college students have become increasingly prominent,encompassing not only academic stress-induced anxiety but also complex challenges such as interpersonal adaptation difficulties and career planning confusion.Traditional“problem-oriented”intervention models have shown limitations in responsiveness and adaptability,often only passively addressing existing psychological crises rather than preventing them in advance.This study aims to explore an AI-powered“positive psychology”proactive intervention model through developing an intelligent system.The system automatically collects,filters,and personalizes recommendations for positive activities on campus.Using a randomized controlled trial design,we conducted an 8-week intervention study involving 126 college students at a university.The study found that AI-based“campus positive activity”recommendations effectively boost students’positive emotions and promote psychological capital development through cumulative micro-interventions.This provides universities with empirical evidence and innovative methods to implement low-cost,efficient,and scalable mental health promotion programs through smart technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia may lack awareness of the importance of posttracheotomy care due to the impact of their condition,often showing resistance or misunderstanding of care measures.When coupled with ...BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia may lack awareness of the importance of posttracheotomy care due to the impact of their condition,often showing resistance or misunderstanding of care measures.When coupled with the impact of negative symptoms and the risk of complications after tracheotomy,patients may experience emotional fluctuations,restlessness,anxiety,and hostile behaviors,which pose significant challenges to nursing work.CASE SUMMARY We have reported the case of an 87-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital because of negative symptoms of schizophrenia and who underwent tracheotomy for severe pneumonia.In this study,we have summarized the nursing experience of a patient with negative symptoms of schizophrenia who underwent tracheotomy.The key nursing strategies included proper tracheotomy care,the management of psychiatric symptoms,a thorough assessment and implementation of enteral and parenteral nutrition,effective skincare,infection prevention,and comprehensive mental care.Individualized nursing skills helped stabilize the patient’s condition,followed by isolation and observation in a psychiatric hospital.CONCLUSION Effective postoperative tracheostomy care in patients with schizophrenia necessitates a tailored,multidisciplinary approach that addresses their psychiatric,physical,and emotional needs to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.展开更多
基金supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20130096140001)the 111 Project(No.B16046)a project funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Guizhi Fuling capsule(GFC), a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) with effects of promoting blood circulation and dissipating blood stasis, has been widely used in the clinic. Because of the complex matrix and various chemical structure types, quality control of GFC remains great challenge. In the present study, an ultra performance liquid chromatography hybrid triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry(UPLC-QQQ MS) method with ultrafast positive/negative ionization switching was developed for simultaneous determination of 18 bioactive components in GFC, including methyl gallate, ethyl gallate, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoic acid, albiflorin, paeonolide, paeoniflorin, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6-pentagalloylglucose, mudanpioside C, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, pachymic acid, amygdalin, cinnamaldehyde, paeonol, cinnamic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, and gallic acid. Separation was performed on an Agilent Zorbax Extend–C18 column(2.1 mm × 50 mm, 1.8 μm), using a gradient elution with acetonitrile and water containing 0.1% formic acid. Cholic acid was selected as the internal standard. This newly developed method was fully validated for linearity, precision, accuracy, and stability, and then applied to quality assessment of GFC. Finally, the batch-to-batch reproducibility of GFC samples was evaluated by the cosine ration and Euclidean distance method, which showed high quality consistency. The results demonstrated that the developed method provided a reasonable and powerful manner for quality control of GFC.
基金Soft Science Special Project of Gansu Basic Research Plan,No.25JRZA072Youth Project of Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.2024QN015+1 种基金General Project of Philosophy and Social Science Foundation of Gansu Province,No.2024YB049Lanzhou Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project,No.24-B13.
文摘Adolescence is a crucial period marked by significant developmental changes,during which risk-taking behaviors can be both a normative part of development and a potential source of concern.However,prior research has focused predominantly on the adverse aspects of risk-taking(i.e.,negative risk-taking),overlooked the positive counterpart(i.e.,positive risk-taking),and lacked a detailed examination of both.This study aims to elucidate the distinct characteristics and interrelationships of positive and negative risk-taking behaviors among adoles-cents and to identify the key factors that influence these behaviors.Through a comprehensive synthesis of theoretical and empirical literature,we explore the multifaceted nature of risk-taking,highlighting its complex influencing factors,including individual traits,family dynamics,peer influence,school environment,and broader community contexts.By identifying the shared and unique factors contributing to positive and negative risk-taking behaviors,we can enable adolescents to navigate this complex stage of life and design targeted interventions.Future research directions include the application of person-centered approaches,the implementation of longitudinal tracking and the interactive effects of influencing factors,among other aspects.
基金Supported by the National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding,No.2023-NHLHCRF-BQ-32 and No.2023-NHLHCRFYYPPLC-ZR-13National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2024YFE0198300Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation,No.7222316.
文摘BACKGROUND The number of tumor deposits(TDs)does not play a part in the current tumor node metastasis staging.Negative lymph node(NLN)status is associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer(CRC),but its clear role in N1c stage remains to be defined.AIM To evaluate the combination of TDs and NLNs as potential prognostic indicators in N1c CRC.METHODS We retrospectively identified 107 consecutive patients who had N1c CRC radically resected at China-Japan Friendship Hospital.The combination of TDs and NLNs was calculated by the formula NLNTD=NLN/(TD+1).Cutoff values of NLNs and NLNTD were determined using the R package“survminer”.Disease-free survival(DFS),overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)were determined using the Kaplan-Meier method to assess the impact of NLNTD on prognosis.Results were compared using the log-rank test.RESULTS The median follow-up time was 63.17(45.33-81.37)months for DFS,with 33.64%(36/107)of patients experiencing recurrence during follow-up.Five-year DFS was 66.0%(57.3%-76.0%).There was no significant difference in prognosis between patients with>12 and≤12 NLNs(P=0.058)for DFS.Similar results were seen according to the number of TDs.The definition of NLNTD=NLN/(TD+1)with a cutoff value of 6 divided patients into two groups with different DFS(P=0.005).Five-year DFS for patients with NLNTD>6 was 73.5%(63.6%-85.0%),compared with 50.0%(35.7%-70.0%)for those with NLNTD≤6.These two groups had different prognosis without perineural invasion(P=0.012)or lymphovascular invasion(P=0.002)even neither(P=0.053).Similar results were seen for OS and CSS.CONCLUSION NLNTD could serve as important prognostic factor for outcomes in N1c CRC patients.These patients could be stratified for prognosis through NLNTD and the high-risk should be given more attention during treatment.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62075045)。
文摘The dynamics of negative surface discharges in c-C_(4)F_(8)/CF_(3)I/CO_(2) gas mixture is investigated here with a 2D fuid model.The distributions of ion concentration,electric field strength and photon flux during the propagation of the streamer are obtained by solving the drift-diffusion equations of particles and Poisson's equation,and the photon flux variation function during the propagation is also fitted.It is found that the streamer branches occur when the streamer transitions from the upper surface of the insulator to the side surface,and then when the streamer approaches the plane electrode,the photon flux will increase significantly.On this basis,the positive and negative surface discharge models are compared in terms of streamer characteristics,particle characteristics and streamer branches.It is found that the streamer has a higher electron concentration and electric field in the positive model.The streamer develops“floating”in the positive surface discharge,while it is close to the surface of the insulator in the negative model.In addition,the negative streamer branch has a wider width and develops further.
文摘Background: Surface antigen (HBsAg) is the mean marker of hepatitis B virus infection. During the course of the infection, some patients lose the HBsAg and only the presence of anti-HBc antibody indicates previous contact with the virus. Among these patients, some have detectable viral load (occult infection) but most without viral replication. There is no guideline regarding these patients. The aim of this study was to assess hepatic fibrosis in patients with only the hepatitis B virus contact marker “total anti-HBc”. Patients and methods: it was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted in three private hospitals from January to August 2022. Were included HBsAg-negative and HBc-positive patients, consulting in Gastroenterology departments. Noninvasive methods (APRI, FIB-4 and FIBROSCAN) were used to evaluate liver stiffness because of their easy accessibility and low-cost. The hepatic fibrosis was considered significant when the score determined by APRI, FIB-4 and FIBROSCAN® tests was respectively greater than 1.5;2.67 and 8 kPa corresponding to fibrosis level 2 (F2). Results: A total of 63 HBsAg-negative/total HBcAg-positive patients were included. The mean age was 49.9 ± 13.4 years. The male/female sex ratio was 1.78. Of the 63 patients, 19 had significant liver fibrosis (30.1%) among which 9 patients had HCC. The FIB-4 score outperformed the APRI score in assessing liver fibrosis, with a sensitivity of 84.2%, a specificity of 100% and a negative predictive value of 93.6%. In univariate analysis, there was a significant association between the occurrence of significant liver fibrosis and age over 40 years, dyslipidaemia, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, herbal medicine, negative anti-HBs immunological status and detectable viral load. Conclusion: Our study revealed a high prevalence of significant to severe hepatic fibrosis in anti-HBc positive patients. In most of the cases, the fibrosis was severe. Progression to HCC has also been possible. There is no consensus on the follow-up strategy for those patients. However, screening for hepatic fibrosis using noninvasive methods should be recommended for patients aged over 40 years, alcohol or herbal medicine users, patients with metabolic syndrome or occult hepatitis B. In HBsAg-negative/anti-HBc-positive patients, liver stiffness should be evaluated and if it is greater than F2, HCC screening should be started.
文摘In the second paper on the inverse relativity model, we explained in the first paper [1] that analyzing the four-dimensional displacement vector on space-time according to a certain approach leads to the splitting of space-time into positive and negative subspace-time. Here, in the second paper, we continue to analyze each of the four-dimensional vectors of velocity, acceleration, momentum, and forces on the total space-time fabric. According to the approach followed in the first paper. As a result, in the special case, we obtain new transformations for each of the velocity, acceleration, momentum, energy, and forces specific to each subspace-time, which are subject to the positive and negative modified Lorentz transformations described in the first paper. According to these transformations, momentum remains a conserved quantity in the positive subspace and increases in the negative subspace, while the relativistic total energy decreases in the positive subspace and increases in the negative subspace. In the general case, we also have new types of energy-momentum tensor, one for positive subspace-time and the other for negative subspace-time, where the energy density decreases in positive subspace-time and increases in negative subspace-time, and we also obtain new gravitational field equations for each subspace-time.
文摘Context: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) helps restore the health status of people living with HIV (PLHIV). Likewise, it increases the risk of overweight/obesity and related comorbidities among the recipients. In countries like Botswana where ±84% of PLHIV is on ART, the paucity of data comparing overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients may impede clinical and policy decision-making. This study sought to estimate and compare: i) the prevalence of overweight/obesity between HIV-positive on ART and HIV-negative patients;ii) the prevalence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM)/coronary heart disease (CHD) between HIV-positive patients on ART and HIV-negative patients attending same outpatient departments of general clinics in Gaborone, Botswana. Patients and Methods: Five hundred eighty-one (581) outpatients were recruited in four major clinics of Gaborone, Botswana, between June and July 2019;294 or 51% of them were HIV-negative and 287 or 49% were HIV-positive on ART. The prevalence of overweight/obesity and of HTN and DM/CHD were calculated and examined using stratified analysis. Subgroups were compared using Chi-square analysis with Yates correction or Fisher exact test and t-student test for continuous data. Results: Major findings after stratification of the study population by HIV status were: i) the prevalence of all categories of (BMI), including overweight/obesity, were comparable between HIV-negative-patients and HIV-positive. In fact, there were 24 (8.0%) cases of underweight among HIV-negative-Patients and 15(5%) cases among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.2;145 (49%) HIV-negative-patients and 128 (45%) HIV-positive, p = 0.07 cases of normal weight;72 (25%) HIV-negative-patients and 87 (30%) HIV-positive, p = 0.08, were overweight;53 (18%) HIV-negative-patients and 57 (20%) HIV-positive, p = 0.12, were obese;125 (43%) HIV-negative patients and 144 (50%) HIV-positive, p=0.06 were overweight/obese;ii) the prevalence of HTN and DM/CHD among HIV-positive-patients were significantly lower (p < 0.05) compared to HIV-negative patients: There were 32 (10.9%) cases of HTN among HIV-negative patients compared to 18 (6.3%) cases of HTN among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001;32 (11%) cases of DM/CHD HIV-negative patients compared to 4 (1.4%) cases of DM/CHD among HIV-positive patients, p = 0.001. Conclusion: the prevalence of overweight/obesity observed between HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients may suggest that the two groups shared the same exposure factors. That HTN and DM/CHD prevalence was lower among HIV-positive compared to HIV-negative patients, is possibly due to interplay factors of ART, HIV or the host population. Further studies are, however, recommended for clarifications.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205593)the Fund of Natural Science Special(Special Post)Research Foundation of Guizhou University(No.2023-032)the Platform of Science and Technology and Talent Team Plan of Guizhou Province(No.GCC[2023]007).
文摘CaCu_(3)Ti_(4)O_(12)(CCTO)ceramic nanocomposites incorporating graphene–carbon black(GRCB)fillers were fabricated by spark plasma sintering process.The percolative effects of conductive GRCB fillers on dielectric response of GRCB/CCTO ternary metacomposites were systematically investigated.The weakly real permittivity(ε′)-negative response(ε′~−1×10^(2))was achieved which originated from weakly low-frequency plasmonic state of free carriers within constructed GRCB networks.With enhancing three-dimensional GRCB network,the plasma frequency of metacomposites increased while the damping factor decreased.Herein,theε′-negative values of metacomposites were tuned from−10^(2) to−10^(4) orders of magnitude andε′-near-zero(ENZ)frequencies from~142 to~340 MHz which substantially benefited from the moderate carrier concentration of GRCB dual fillers.The Drude model and equivalent circuit models were adopted to demonstrate dielectric and electrical characteristics.The obtained metacomposites show strong EM shielding effect along with enhanced plasmonic oscillation and even better achieving perfect EM shielding effect in ENZ media.This work achieves the tunableε′-negative andε′-near-zero response and more importantly clarifies its regulation mechanism in ceramic-based ternary metacomposites,which opens up the possibility of designing high-performance EM shielding materials based on metacomposites.
文摘Xianyang Lake is the abbreviation of Weihe River(Xianyang Urban Area Section) Comprehensive Treatment Project,which is to build a partition wall in the middle of the 500 wide Weihe River Valley,then a 270 m wide water storage channel on the north side and a 230 m wide muddy water floodway channel on the south side will be formed.Two rubber dams are constructed in the water storage channels to form a 'Xianyang Lake' with an area of 1.24×106 m2,meanwhile,along both sides of Weihe River in this section,slope protection and flood prevention as well as a series of greening and cultural landscape projects are to be constructed.This project,with flood prevention as the core,aims to improve the living environment and protect ecological environment,and realize the comprehensive treatment of river way flood-proofing,desilting,sewage purification,greening and beautification.The construction of Xianyang Lake greatly improves the image of Xianyang City and generates considerable economic,social and ecological benefits,however,it also has negative effects,such as insufficient lake water supply,original ecology being intervened by human activities,aggravating local fiscal burden,and potential threats to the flood-proofing in the lower reaches of Weihe River.The author puts forwards that 'creating a lake by damming the river' in the process of urbanization and solving the conflicts between sectional interests and integrated interests should follow natural laws and go along the track of sustainable development,which is also the orientation of future work,and the concrete reform scheme is to be further studied.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272117)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFB3505104,2022YFB3706604)National Youth Fund(No.52207239).
文摘Composites featuring negative permittivity have garnered significant attention for their potential in novel capacitance designs,coil-less electrical inductors,and electromagnetic shielding applications.In this study,we prepared polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)matrix composites filled with ZrO_(2)/C nanoparticles de-rived from metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)via a hot-pressing method.With an increase in the ZrO_(2)/C content to 30 wt.%,electrical percolation was observed,accompanied by a transition mechanism from hopping conduction to metal-like conduction.This enabled the realization of ZrO_(2)/C/PVDF composites with tailorable negative permittivity properties,attributed to the plasmonic oscillation of free electrons in the composites beyond the percolation threshold(30 wt.%).Furthermore,the permittivity transition along to a shift in the electrical behavior of the percolative composites from capacitive to inductive.We explored the regulatory mechanism behind the negative permittivity in this random composite system,and our findings highlight the potential of these tunable negative permittivity media as promising candi-dates for diverse electromagnetic applications.
基金Supported by NSFC(No.11861010),also supported by NSFC(No.12171175),also supported by NSFC(No.12261006)NSF of Guangxi Province(No.2018GXNSFFA281008)Project of Guangxi First Class Disciplines of Statistics(No.GJKY-2022-01)。
文摘In this paper,we study the Bowen entropy of stable sets in positive entropy G-system of amenable group actions.The lower bound of the Bowen entropy of these sets are estimated.
文摘Assuming a two-component, positive and negative mass, superfluid/supersolid for space (the Winterberg model), we model the Higgs field as a condensate made up of a positive and a negative mass, planckion pair. The connection is shown to be consistent (compatible) with the underlying field equations for each field, and the continuity equation is satisfied for both species of planckions, as well as for the Higgs field. An inherent length scale for space (the vacuum) emerges, which we estimate from previous work to be of the order of, l<sub>+</sub> (0) = l<sub>-</sub> (0) = 5.032E-19 meters, for an undisturbed (unperturbed) vacuum. Thus we assume a lattice structure for space, made up of overlapping positive and negative mass wave functions, ψ<sub>+</sub>, and, ψ<sub>-</sub>, which together bind to form the Higgs field, giving it its rest mass of 125.35 Gev/c<sup>2</sup> with a coherence length equal to its Compton wavelength. If the vacuum experiences an extreme disturbance, such as in a LHC pp collision, it is conjectured that severe dark energy results, on a localized level, with a partial disintegration of the Higgs force field in the surrounding space. The Higgs boson as a quantum excitation in this field results when the vacuum reestablishes itself, within 10<sup>-22</sup> seconds, with positive and negative planckion mass number densities equalizing in the disturbed region. Using our fundamental equation relating the Higgs field, φ, to the planckion ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> wave functions, we calculate the overall vacuum pressure (equal to vacuum energy density), as well as typical ψ<sub>+</sub> and ψ<sub>-</sub> displacements from equilibrium within the vacuum.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)matrices with one of them is necessarily positive semidefinite while the other one is necessarily entrywise nonnegative,which has a real pairwise completely positive(RPCP)decomposition.We study the properties of RPCP matrices and give some necessary and sufficient conditions for a matrix pair to be RPCP.First,we give an equivalent decomposition for the RPCP matrices,which is different from the RPCP-decomposition and show that the matrix pair(X,X)is RPCP if and only if X is completely positive.Besides,we also prove that the RPCP matrices checking problem is equivalent to the separable completion problem.A semidefinite algorithm is also proposed for detecting whether or not a matrix pair is RPCP.The asymptotic and finite convergence of the algorithm are also discussed.If it is RPCP,we can further give a RPCP-decomposition for it;if it is not,we can obtain a certificate for this.
文摘Despite advancements in neuroimaging,false positive diagnoses of intracranial aneurysms remain a significant concern.This article examines the causes,prevalence,and implications of such false-positive diagnoses.We discuss how conditions like arterial occlusion with vascular stump formation and infundibular widening can mimic aneurysms,particularly in the anterior circulation.The article compares various imaging modalities,including computer tomography angiogram,magnetic resonance imaging/angiography,and digital subtraction angiogram,highlighting their strengths and limitations.We emphasize the im-portance of accurate differentiation to avoid unnecessary surgical interventions.The potential of emerging technologies,such as high-resolution vessel wall ima-ging and deep neural networks for automated detection,is explored as promising avenues for improving diagnostic accuracy.This manuscript underscores the need for continued research and clinical vigilance in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms.
文摘In life,we are bound to encounter various difficulties and setbacks.However,it is of great significance to maintain a positive attitude when were facing these challenges.For me,this lesson was deeply impressed upon me during a particularly tough period.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11671403,11671236)Henan Provincial General Natural Science Foundation Project(232300420113)。
文摘This article studies a class of nonlinear Kirchhoff equations with exponential critical growth,trapping potential,and perturbation.Under appropriate assumptions about f and h,the article obtained the existence of normalized positive solutions for this equation via the Trudinger-Moser inequality and variational methods.Moreover,these solutions are also ground state solutions.Additionally,the article also characterized the asymptotic behavior of solutions.The results of this article expand the research of relevant literature.
文摘Higher education is transitioning from mass expansion to high-quality development.In this process,mental health issues among college students have become increasingly prominent,encompassing not only academic stress-induced anxiety but also complex challenges such as interpersonal adaptation difficulties and career planning confusion.Traditional“problem-oriented”intervention models have shown limitations in responsiveness and adaptability,often only passively addressing existing psychological crises rather than preventing them in advance.This study aims to explore an AI-powered“positive psychology”proactive intervention model through developing an intelligent system.The system automatically collects,filters,and personalizes recommendations for positive activities on campus.Using a randomized controlled trial design,we conducted an 8-week intervention study involving 126 college students at a university.The study found that AI-based“campus positive activity”recommendations effectively boost students’positive emotions and promote psychological capital development through cumulative micro-interventions.This provides universities with empirical evidence and innovative methods to implement low-cost,efficient,and scalable mental health promotion programs through smart technology.
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project,No.TJYXZDXK-033A。
文摘BACKGROUND Patients with schizophrenia may lack awareness of the importance of posttracheotomy care due to the impact of their condition,often showing resistance or misunderstanding of care measures.When coupled with the impact of negative symptoms and the risk of complications after tracheotomy,patients may experience emotional fluctuations,restlessness,anxiety,and hostile behaviors,which pose significant challenges to nursing work.CASE SUMMARY We have reported the case of an 87-year-old male patient who was admitted to the hospital because of negative symptoms of schizophrenia and who underwent tracheotomy for severe pneumonia.In this study,we have summarized the nursing experience of a patient with negative symptoms of schizophrenia who underwent tracheotomy.The key nursing strategies included proper tracheotomy care,the management of psychiatric symptoms,a thorough assessment and implementation of enteral and parenteral nutrition,effective skincare,infection prevention,and comprehensive mental care.Individualized nursing skills helped stabilize the patient’s condition,followed by isolation and observation in a psychiatric hospital.CONCLUSION Effective postoperative tracheostomy care in patients with schizophrenia necessitates a tailored,multidisciplinary approach that addresses their psychiatric,physical,and emotional needs to achieve optimal clinical outcomes.
