Objective: To evaluate the incidence of acute atopic conjunctivitis in the port environment. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study involving 365 worker patients from the Port of Santos and 365 patients n...Objective: To evaluate the incidence of acute atopic conjunctivitis in the port environment. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study involving 365 worker patients from the Port of Santos and 365 patients not related with port activities (control group). All patients were seen at the same private hospital in the city of Santos. Data were obtained by reviewing the electronic medical records of each patient related to the admission exam (initial) and to any assistance due to ocular allergic symptoms (red eyes) between 2019 and 2021. The analyzed data included age, sex, port section (port workers), refraction, time of symptom onset, disease history, treatment, and clinical outcome. Data were statistically assessed by the Chi-square test. Results: All patents were male. The mean age (34 ± 12 vs 35 ± 11 years) and the prevalence of refractive errors were similar between groups. In contrast, ocular allergic symptoms were significantly higher in group of port workers (34%) compared with non-port workers (17%), p < 0.0001. Likewise, episodes related to ocular allergy were more frequent in port workers, p < 0.05. Workers with activities related to bulk handling were the most affected. Conclusions: The incidence of acute allergic conjunctivitis in port workers requires attention from health authorities. This may lead to prevention and a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease.展开更多
To protect the sustainability of the benefits from seas and near coastal areas,which have under the effect of the very complex hydrodynamic conditions and intensive human activities,without disrupting the balance of n...To protect the sustainability of the benefits from seas and near coastal areas,which have under the effect of the very complex hydrodynamic conditions and intensive human activities,without disrupting the balance of nature,it is necessary to image the status of the seafloor features.Therefore,this study presents the deformations,depositional conditions,underwater constructions,and the other non-natural impacts on the seafloor of the nearshore area at western Istanbul(between Küçükçekmece and Büyükçekmece lagoons)where it intensely used by the citizens.The results of the study may provide some guidance for understanding the impacts and risk factors of uses that are or will be conducted in coastal and/or near-coastal areas.Construction planning for civil coastal structures and areas should be done in great harmony with nature,minimizing negative environmental impacts.Although sediment distribution in the area is generally quite complex,the current state of the region,wave action,hydrodynamic conditions,the amount of material transported from the land,and bathymetry are important influencing factors.The seafloor has been damaged primarily by anchor deformation and associated bottom scanning,as well as disturbing trawl tracks.The seafloor was observed as partially shallowing near the constructions(such as natural gas pipelines,fishermen’s shelter,and port piles)of coastal areas and associated with sand deposits.Therefore,scanning the seafloor using side-scan sonar may provide valuable frequency data to prevent future disruptions.展开更多
Global supply chain disruptions caused by the six-day blockage of the Suez Canal in March 2021 and the reduction in shipping through the Bosporus Strait since the onset of the Ukraine War in February 2022 are recent d...Global supply chain disruptions caused by the six-day blockage of the Suez Canal in March 2021 and the reduction in shipping through the Bosporus Strait since the onset of the Ukraine War in February 2022 are recent demonstrations of the critical importance of marine chokepoints to international trade and thus global economic security.To better understand and anticipate effects of a chokepoint closure on global trade,we combine GIS data of international shipping lanes with 2019 bilateral trade data to estimate how the closure of each of eleven chokepoints could change trade flows through other chokepoints and between countries.Estimates from the closure scenarios reveal alternate-shipping route linkages between seven chokepoints whereby if one were closed for an extended period,trade through one or more of the others would change significantly.The estimates also underscore the economic importance of the Danish Straits,the Bosporus Strait,the Strait of Hormuz,and the South China Sea and East China Sea to those countries that must rely on these chokepoints for access to maritime trade.Moreover,the estimates project delays and shifts in coastal seaport activity that could lead to knock-on effects that disrupt global supply chains long after a chokepoint blockage is cleared.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the incidence of acute atopic conjunctivitis in the port environment. Methods: This is a descriptive, retrospective study involving 365 worker patients from the Port of Santos and 365 patients not related with port activities (control group). All patients were seen at the same private hospital in the city of Santos. Data were obtained by reviewing the electronic medical records of each patient related to the admission exam (initial) and to any assistance due to ocular allergic symptoms (red eyes) between 2019 and 2021. The analyzed data included age, sex, port section (port workers), refraction, time of symptom onset, disease history, treatment, and clinical outcome. Data were statistically assessed by the Chi-square test. Results: All patents were male. The mean age (34 ± 12 vs 35 ± 11 years) and the prevalence of refractive errors were similar between groups. In contrast, ocular allergic symptoms were significantly higher in group of port workers (34%) compared with non-port workers (17%), p < 0.0001. Likewise, episodes related to ocular allergy were more frequent in port workers, p < 0.05. Workers with activities related to bulk handling were the most affected. Conclusions: The incidence of acute allergic conjunctivitis in port workers requires attention from health authorities. This may lead to prevention and a better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease.
文摘To protect the sustainability of the benefits from seas and near coastal areas,which have under the effect of the very complex hydrodynamic conditions and intensive human activities,without disrupting the balance of nature,it is necessary to image the status of the seafloor features.Therefore,this study presents the deformations,depositional conditions,underwater constructions,and the other non-natural impacts on the seafloor of the nearshore area at western Istanbul(between Küçükçekmece and Büyükçekmece lagoons)where it intensely used by the citizens.The results of the study may provide some guidance for understanding the impacts and risk factors of uses that are or will be conducted in coastal and/or near-coastal areas.Construction planning for civil coastal structures and areas should be done in great harmony with nature,minimizing negative environmental impacts.Although sediment distribution in the area is generally quite complex,the current state of the region,wave action,hydrodynamic conditions,the amount of material transported from the land,and bathymetry are important influencing factors.The seafloor has been damaged primarily by anchor deformation and associated bottom scanning,as well as disturbing trawl tracks.The seafloor was observed as partially shallowing near the constructions(such as natural gas pipelines,fishermen’s shelter,and port piles)of coastal areas and associated with sand deposits.Therefore,scanning the seafloor using side-scan sonar may provide valuable frequency data to prevent future disruptions.
文摘Global supply chain disruptions caused by the six-day blockage of the Suez Canal in March 2021 and the reduction in shipping through the Bosporus Strait since the onset of the Ukraine War in February 2022 are recent demonstrations of the critical importance of marine chokepoints to international trade and thus global economic security.To better understand and anticipate effects of a chokepoint closure on global trade,we combine GIS data of international shipping lanes with 2019 bilateral trade data to estimate how the closure of each of eleven chokepoints could change trade flows through other chokepoints and between countries.Estimates from the closure scenarios reveal alternate-shipping route linkages between seven chokepoints whereby if one were closed for an extended period,trade through one or more of the others would change significantly.The estimates also underscore the economic importance of the Danish Straits,the Bosporus Strait,the Strait of Hormuz,and the South China Sea and East China Sea to those countries that must rely on these chokepoints for access to maritime trade.Moreover,the estimates project delays and shifts in coastal seaport activity that could lead to knock-on effects that disrupt global supply chains long after a chokepoint blockage is cleared.
