The solid-state lithium battery is considered as an ideal next-generation energy storage device owing to its high safety,high energy density and low cost.However,the poor ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte and lo...The solid-state lithium battery is considered as an ideal next-generation energy storage device owing to its high safety,high energy density and low cost.However,the poor ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte and low interfacial stability has hindered the application of solid-state lithium battery.Here,a flexible polymer/garnet solid electrolyte is prepared with poly(ethylene oxide),poly(vinylidene fluoride),Li6.75La3 Zr1.75Ta0.25O12,lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and oxalate,which exhibits an ionic conductivity of 2.0 ×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 55℃,improved mechanical property,wide electrochemical window(4.8 V vs.Li/Li+),enhanced thermal stabilities.Tiny acidic OX was introduced to inhibit the alkalinity reactions between Li6.75La3 Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 and poly(vinylidene fluoride).In order to improve the interfacial stability between cathode and electrolyte,an Al2 O3@LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 based composite cathode framework is also fabricated with poly(ethylene oxide) polymer and lithium salt as additives.The solid-state lithium battery assembled with polymer/garnet solid electrolyte and composite cathode framework demonstrates a high initial discharge capacity of 150.6 mAh g^(-1) and good capacity retention of 86.7% after 80 cycles at 0.2 C and 55℃,which provides a promising choice for achieving the stable electrode/electrolyte interfacial contact in solid-state lithium batteries.展开更多
Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O...Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O)]·DMA}n(1)and{[Cd(hfdp)(ndc)(H_(2)O)]·DMA}_(n)(2),respectively(DMA=N,N‑dimethylacetamide).Single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analyses showed that both complexes 1 and 2 contain similar structures.Topological analysis indicates that complexes 1 and 2 have a{44·62}planar structure.In addition,both complexes reveal good thermal stability and fluorescence sensing performance.They exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity towards 2,4,6‑trinitrophenol(TNP)by fluorescent quenching.The limits of detection of 1 and 2 for TNP were 0.107 and 0.327μmol·L^(-1),respectively.CCDC:2475515,1;2475516,2.展开更多
Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynam...Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynamic size and slower degradation.It is key to develop facile methods to large-scale synthesis of polymer rings with tunable compositions and microstructures.Recent progresses in large-scale synthesis of polymer rings against single-chain dynamic nanoparticles,and the example applications in synchronous enhancing toughness and strength of polymer nanocomposites are summarized.Once there is the breakthrough in rational design and effective large-scale synthesis of polymer rings and their functional derivatives,a family of cyclic functional hybrids would be available,thus providing a new paradigm in developing polymer science and engineering.展开更多
Liver is a vital organ in the human body and plays a central role in the metabolism and detoxification of endotoxins and exotoxins.Bilirubin is an endotoxin derived from hemoglobin(Hb).Removing excess bilirubin in the...Liver is a vital organ in the human body and plays a central role in the metabolism and detoxification of endotoxins and exotoxins.Bilirubin is an endotoxin derived from hemoglobin(Hb).Removing excess bilirubin in the blood is crucial for the treatment of liver diseases.Hemoperfusion,which relies on adsorbents to efficiently adsorb toxins,is a widely applied procedure for the removal of blood toxins.To broaden and improve the range and performance of hemoperfusion adsorbents,we synthesized cationic hyper crosslinked polymers(HCPs)with strong affinity for bilirubin.This material exhibited outstanding adsorption performance,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 934 mg/g and a removal efficiency of 96%.Further investigation confirmed their excellent selectivity,reusability,and biocompatibility.These findings expand the potential applications of HCPs and provide insight into strategies for constructing promising hemoperfusion adsorbent materials.展开更多
Four distinct coordination polymers(CPs)were successfully synthesized by altering solvent types and adjusting ligand concentrations,and their crystal structures were investigated.[Co(L)(FDCA)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·0.5H_(2...Four distinct coordination polymers(CPs)were successfully synthesized by altering solvent types and adjusting ligand concentrations,and their crystal structures were investigated.[Co(L)(FDCA)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·0.5H_(2)O(1)was synthesized as a 2D structure using Coas the metal source,methanol‑water(4∶6,V/V)as the solvent,and specific concentrations of 2,5‑furandicarboxylic acid(H_(2)FDCA)and 1,3,5‑triimidazole benzene(L).Adjusting to pure water and lowering the concentration of L yielded the 1D chain structure of[Co(HL)2(H_(2)O)_(2)](FDCA)_(2)·6H_(2)O(2).Using Cu(Ⅱ)as the metal source,methanol/water(9∶1,V/V)as the solvent,and specific concentrations of L and H2FDCA,the 1D chain structure of[Cu(L)(FDCA)(H_(2)O)]·2H_(2)O(3)was synthesized.Upon increasing the concentrations of L and H2FDCA,and switching the solvent to pure water,the 1D chain structure of[Cu(HL)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)](FDCA)_(2)·6H_(2)O(4)was obtained.This shows that changing the solvent and ligand concentrations can affect the structural changes of CPs.In addition,the solid‑state photoluminescence of CPs 1‑4 at room temperature was studied,and their morphological changes were observed via scanning electron microscopy.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the negative charge concentrates on the O and N atoms of the ligand,facilitating ligand‑metal ion coordination.CCDC:2403934,1;2403935,2;2403936,3;2403938,4.展开更多
To precisely control intrachain π-electron delocalization and interchain interaction simultaneously is the prerequisite to obtain stable and efficient deep-blue light-emitting p-n polymer semiconductors for the polym...To precisely control intrachain π-electron delocalization and interchain interaction simultaneously is the prerequisite to obtain stable and efficient deep-blue light-emitting p-n polymer semiconductors for the polymer light-emitting diodes(PLEDs).Herein,we introduced the steric carbazole-fluorene nanogrid into light-emitting diphenyl sulfone-based p-n polymer semiconductors(PG and PDG) via metal-free C-N coupling polymerization for the fabrication of deep-blue PLEDs.The steric,rigid and twisted configuration between nanogrid and diphenyl sulfone in PG and PDG present the unique characteristic of large steric hindrance interaction to suppress interchain aggregation in solid state.Due to the different length of electron-deficient diphenyl sulfone monomers,PG showed a deep-blue emission with a maximum peak at 428 nm but red-shifted to 480 nm for the PDG films.Interestingly,similar deep-blue emission behavior of PG in diluted non-polar solution and films suggested the extremely weak interchain aggregation.Finally,PLEDs based on PG are fabricated with a stable deep-blue emission of CIE(0.15,0.10),and corresponding EL spectral profile is also completely identical to PL ones of diluted solution,revealed the intrachain emission without obvious interchain excited state,confirmed effectiveness of the steric hindrance functionalization of nanogrid in p-n polymer semiconductor for deep-blue light-emitting organic optoelectronics.展开更多
Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are ga...Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are gaining prominence due to their unique combination of mechanical flexibility,environmental compatibility,and solution-processable fabrication.A notable candidate in this field is poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene)(PBTTT),a liquid-crystalline conjugated polymer,with high charge carrier mobility and adaptability to melt-processing techniques.Recent advancements have propelled PBTTT’s figure of merit from below 0.1 to a remarkable 1.28 at 368 K,showcasing its potential for practical applications.This review systematically examines strategies to enhance PBTTT’s TE performance through doping(solution,vapor,and anion exchange doping),composite engineering,and aggregation state controlling.Recent key breakthroughs include ion exchange doping for stable charge modulation,multi-heterojunction architectures reducing thermal conductivity,and proton-coupled electron transfer doping for precise Fermi-level tuning.Despite great progress,challenges still persist in enhancing TE conversion efficiency,balancing or decoupling electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity,and leveraging melt-processing scalability of PBTTT.By bridging fundamental insights with applied research,this work provides a roadmap for advancing PBTTT-based TE materials toward efficient energy harvesting and wearable electronics.展开更多
Shear stress overshoot in entangled polymer rheology is a hallmark of transient dynamics,but its microscopic origin remains under debate.Using molecular dynamics simulations,we investigate a two-step shear protocol co...Shear stress overshoot in entangled polymer rheology is a hallmark of transient dynamics,but its microscopic origin remains under debate.Using molecular dynamics simulations,we investigate a two-step shear protocol consisting of successive startup shears separated by a waiting period,with the first shear interrupted before the overshoot.In the homogeneous flow,the GLaMM theory captures the stress response during the first shear,but fails to reproduce the nonmonotonic dependence of the second stress overshoot(σ_(2max))on the waiting time.Contrary to the prediction of a nonmonotonic normal stress component σ_(yy)during the waiting period,our simulations show that σ_(yy),like the tube segment orientation(S_(xy)),the contour length of the primitive chain(L),and the entanglement number per chain(Z),relaxes monotonically toward equilibrium.At the strain corresponding to σ_(2max),both the tube segment orientation and the entanglement number per chain exhibit a nonmonotonic dependence on the waiting time that closely mirrors the behavior of σ_(2max),indicating that both factors play significant roles in governing(σ_(2max).Our findings are consistent with the interpretation of lanniruberto and Ma rrucci[ACS Macro.Lett.2014,3,552]for orientation effects and with the viewpoint of Wang et al.[Macromolecules 2013,46,3147]for entanglement effects,although the two explanations are rooted in distinct physical pictu res.These results provide new insights into the stress responses of entanglement polymer fluids and underscore the need for a more unified theoretical framework.展开更多
To investigate the pore structure of graphene oxide modified polymer cement mortar(GOPM)under salt-freeze-thaw(SFT)coupling effects and its impact on deterioration,this study modifies polymer cement mortar(EMCM)with g...To investigate the pore structure of graphene oxide modified polymer cement mortar(GOPM)under salt-freeze-thaw(SFT)coupling effects and its impact on deterioration,this study modifies polymer cement mortar(EMCM)with graphene oxide(GO).The micro-pore structure of GOPM is characterized using LF-NMR and SEM.Fractal theory is applied to calculate the fractal dimension of pore volume,and the deterioration patterns are analyzed based on the evolution characteristics of capillary pores.The experimental results indicate that,after 25 salt-freeze-thaw cycles(SFTc),SO2-4 ions penetrate the matrix,generating corrosion products that fill existing pores and enhance the compactness of the specimen.As the number of cycles increases,the ongoing formation and expansion of corrosion products within the matrix,combined with persistent freezing forces,and result in the degradation of the pore structure.Therefore,the mass loss rate(MLR)of the specimens shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,while the relative dynamic elastic modulus(RDEM)initially increases and then decreases.Compared to the PC group specimens,the G3PM group specimens show a 28.71% reduction in MLR and a 31.42% increase in RDEM after 150 SFTc.The fractal dimensions of the transition pores,capillary pores,and macropores in the G3PM specimens first increase and then decrease as the number of SFTc increases.Among them,the capillary pores show the highest correlation with MLR and RDEM,with correlation coefficients of 0.97438 and 0.98555,respectively.展开更多
Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmenta...Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmentally friendly catalytic systems,especially in constructing efficient and recyclable catalysts under water or solvent-free conditions.Here,we designed two novel coordination polymers Cd-CPs and Fe-CPs to investigate their catalytic performance in water.Gratifyingly,it was observed that Cd-CPs as a multifunctional catalyst was successfully applied to establish a universal pathway for direct fabrication of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives under water conditions,while it was effective for the synthesis of1,3,5-triazines through acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling strategies.The features of broad substrate,high atom efficiency,and good catalyst reusability highlight the feasibility of this transformation.In additional,we demonstrated the spindle-like structures Fe-P,derived from the Fe-CPs via phosphorylation,which can be used as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction with good stability.This work provides two highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives production and oxygen evolution reaction,and opens a new avenue to further fabricate diverse metal catalysts with high catalytic performance in water.展开更多
Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challe...Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challenge owing to the intrinsic trade-off relationship.Herein,we utilized the in situ controllable reduction of graphene oxide(GO)within a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene)(P(VDF-Tr FE-CFE))matrix to regulate the dielectric properties.The as-obtained composite exhibited a high relative dielectric constant of 1415coupled with a low loss tangent of 0.380 at 100 Hz.Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the increased degree of electron conjugation and conductivity of the reduced GO(RGO)are responsible for the high-k.The constrained reduction degree of GO,combined with its homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix,effectively suppresses long-range charge carrier migration,thereby minimizing dielectric loss.This novel strategy could be successfully applied to both organic and aqueous systems.Furthermore,a high-performance flexible capacitive proximity sensor was exemplified by the optimization of both the dielectric layer and electrode pattern,exhibiting excellent sensitivity and stability.The fundamental mechanisms elucidated in this study provide crucial design principles for developing dielectric PMCs with tailored properties,thereby opening new avenues for advanced flexible electronic applications.展开更多
Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant i...Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant interest in bone tissue engineering(BTE)because of their abundant availability,minimally invasive harvesting procedures,and robust differentiation potential into osteogenic lineages.Unlike bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,AD-MSCs can be easily obtained in large quantities,making them appealing alternatives for therapeutic applications.This review explores hydrogels containing polymers,such as chitosan,collagen,gelatin,and hyaluronic acid,and their composites,tailored for BTE,and emphasizes the importance of these hydrogels as scaffolds for the delivery of AD-MSCs.Various hydrogel fabrication techniques and biocompatibility assessments are discussed,along with innovative modifications to enhance osteogenesis.This review also briefly outlines AD-MSC isolation methods and advanced embedding techniques for precise cell placement,such as direct encapsulation and three-dimensional bioprinting.We discuss the mechanisms of bone regeneration in the AD-MSC-laden hydrogels,including osteoinduction,vascularization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.We also review the preclinical and clinical applications of AD-MSC-hydrogel systems,emphasizing their success and limitations.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of AD-MSC-based hydrogel systems to guide the development of effective therapies for bone regeneration.展开更多
We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by&quo...We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China".We apologized for the inconvenience caused by this error.展开更多
Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving...Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.展开更多
A novel coordination polymer(CP){[Cd_(2)(L)(1,4-bimb)_(1.5)(DMF)_(2)]·DMF}n(1)(H_(4)L=5,5'-[1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]diisophthalic acid,1,4-bimb=1,4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-benzene)has been d...A novel coordination polymer(CP){[Cd_(2)(L)(1,4-bimb)_(1.5)(DMF)_(2)]·DMF}n(1)(H_(4)L=5,5'-[1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]diisophthalic acid,1,4-bimb=1,4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-benzene)has been designed and synthesized through solvothermal reaction.Structural analysis shows that Cd(Ⅱ)is connected by H4L and 1,4-bimb to form a 2D network,and 1,4-bimb further expands the 2D network into a 3D framework.CP 1 can be used as an excellent fluorescence sensor for Fe^(3+)and 4-nitrophenol(4-NP),with low detection limits and good anti-interference.The detection limits of Fe^(3+)and 4-NP were 0.034 and 0.031μmol·L^(-1),respectively.In addition,the fluorescence quenching mechanism was studied.1 was successfully applied to determine Fe^(3+)and 4-NP content in the Yanhe River water sample.CCDC:2351092.展开更多
Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at a...Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at ambient temperature. Inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs), garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 and its derivatives(LLZO-based) in particular, possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature, wide electrochemical stability window, large Li+transference number as well as good stability against Li metal anode.Nevertheless, lithium dendrites growth, interfacial contact issue and brittle nature of LLZO-based ceramic electrolytes prevent their practical applications. In response to these shortcomings, LLZO-based/polymer solid composite electrolytes(SCEs), taking complementary advantages of two kinds of electrolytes, and thus simultaneously improving the electrode wettability, ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, have been made to develop high-performance SCEs in recent years. Herein, the intrinsic properties and research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, including LLZO-based/PEO SCEs(LLZO-based/PEO SCEs with uniform dispersion of LLZO-based fillers and LLZO-based/PEO layered SCEs) and LLZO-based/novel polymers SCEs, are summarized. Besides, comprehensive updates on their applications in solid-state batteries are also presented. Finally, challenges and perspectives of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs for advanced allsolid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) are suggested. This review paper aims to provide systematic research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, to allow for more efficient and target-oriented research on improving LLZO-based/polymer SCEs.展开更多
Herein,an external crosslinker facilitated the hypercrosslinking of ferrocene and a nitrogen heterocyclic compound(either melamine or imidazole)through a direct Friedel-Crafts reaction,which led to the formation of ni...Herein,an external crosslinker facilitated the hypercrosslinking of ferrocene and a nitrogen heterocyclic compound(either melamine or imidazole)through a direct Friedel-Crafts reaction,which led to the formation of nitrogen-containing hypercrosslinked fer-rocene polymer precursors(HCP-FCs).Subsequent carbonization of these precursors results in the production of iron-nitrogen-doped por-ous carbon absorbers(Fe-NPCs).The Fe-NPCs demonstrate a porous structure comprising aggregated nanotubes and nanospheres.The porosity of this structure can be modulated by adjusting the iron and nitrogen contents to optimize impedance matching.The uniform dis-tribution of Fe-N_(x)C,N dipoles,andα-Fe within the carbon matrix can be ensured by using hypercrosslinked ferrocenes in constructing porous carbon,providing the absorber with numerous polarization sites and a conductive network.The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the specially designed Fe-NPC-M_(2)absorbers is satisfactory,revealing a minimum reflection loss of-55.3 dB at 2.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.00 GHz at 2.0 mm.By utilizing hypercrosslinked polymers(HCPs)as precursors,a novel method for developing highly efficient carbon-based absorbing agents is introduced in this research.展开更多
Cholesteric liquid crystals(CLCs)exhibit unique helical superstructures that selectively reflect circularly polarized light,enabling them to dynamically respond to environmental changes with tunable structural colors....Cholesteric liquid crystals(CLCs)exhibit unique helical superstructures that selectively reflect circularly polarized light,enabling them to dynamically respond to environmental changes with tunable structural colors.This dynamic color-changing capability is crucial for applications that require adaptable optical properties,positioning CLCs as key materials in advanced photonic technologies.This review focuses on the mechanisms of dynamic color tuning in CLCs across various forms,including small molecules,cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers(CLCEs),and cholesteric liquid crystal networks(CLCNs),and emphasizes the distinct responsive coloration each structure provides.Key developments in photochromic mechanisms based on azobenzene,dithienylethene,and molecular motor switches,are discussed for their roles in enhancing the stability and tuning range of CLCs.We examine the color-changing behaviors of CLCEs under mechanical stimuli and CLCNs under swelling,highlighting the advantages of each form.Following this,applications of dynamic color-tuning CLCs in information encryption,adaptive camouflage,and smart sensing technologies are explored.The review concludes with an outlook on current challenges and future directions in CLC research,particularly in biomimetic systems and dynamic photonic devices,aiming to broaden their functional applications and impact.展开更多
The polymer-ceramic composite electrolyte is considered as one of promising electrolytes for solid-state battery.However,in previous research,ceramic particles are usually dispersed in polymer matrix and could not for...The polymer-ceramic composite electrolyte is considered as one of promising electrolytes for solid-state battery.However,in previous research,ceramic particles are usually dispersed in polymer matrix and could not form continuous Li+conductive channels.The agglomeration of ceramic particles could also lead to low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial electrode/electrolyte contact.In this paper,self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3) Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO) electrolyte is synthesized by gelcasting process,which possesses three-dimensional(3D) interconnected pore channels and relatively high strength.The 1,3-dioxolane(DOL) could penetrate into the porous LLZTO framework for its excellent fluidity.The subsequent in situ polymerization process by thermal treatment could completely fill the internal pores and improve the interfacial contact with electrode.The resulting 3D composite electrolyte with dual continuous Li+transport channels in ceramic and polymer components exhibits high ionic conductivity of 2.8 × 10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at room temperature and low Li/electrolyte interfacial resistance of 94 Ω·cm^(2) at 40 ℃.The corresponding Li/Li symmetric cell delivers stable voltage profiles for over 600 h under 0.1 and 0.2 mA·cm^(-2).The solid-state Li/LiFePO_(4) battery shows superior rate and cycling performance under 0.1 C and 0.2 C.This work guides the preparation of composite electrolyte with dual continuous Li+conductive paths as well as high ceramic ratio and interface modification strategy for solid-state Li metal battery.展开更多
The fluorescence imaging (FLI) in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700nm) has attracted considerable attention in the past decade. In contrast to conventional NIR-I window excitation (808nm/980nm), FLI ...The fluorescence imaging (FLI) in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700nm) has attracted considerable attention in the past decade. In contrast to conventional NIR-I window excitation (808nm/980nm), FLI with NIR-II window excitation (1064nm/other wavelength beyond 1000nm) can afford deeper tissue penetration depth with high clarity due to the merits of suppressed photon scattering and diminished autofluorescence. In this review, we have summarized NIR-II window excitable/emissive organic/polymeric fluorophores recently developed. The characteristics of these fluorophores such as chemical structures and photophysical properties have also been critically discussed. Furthermore, the latest development of noninvasive in vivo FLI with NIR-II excitation was highlighted. The ideal imaging results emphasized the importance of NIR-II excitation of these fluorophores in enabling deep tissue penetration and high-resolution imaging. Finally, a perspective on the challenges and prospects of NIR-II excitable/emissive organic/polymeric fluorophores was also discussed. We expected this review will be served as a source of inspiration for researchers, stimulating the creation of novel NIR-II excitable fluorophores and fostering the development of bioimaging applications.展开更多
基金Financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51575030, 51532002 and 51872027)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L172023)National Basic Research Program of China (2017YFE0113500)。
文摘The solid-state lithium battery is considered as an ideal next-generation energy storage device owing to its high safety,high energy density and low cost.However,the poor ionic conductivity of solid electrolyte and low interfacial stability has hindered the application of solid-state lithium battery.Here,a flexible polymer/garnet solid electrolyte is prepared with poly(ethylene oxide),poly(vinylidene fluoride),Li6.75La3 Zr1.75Ta0.25O12,lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide and oxalate,which exhibits an ionic conductivity of 2.0 ×10^(-4) S cm^(-1) at 55℃,improved mechanical property,wide electrochemical window(4.8 V vs.Li/Li+),enhanced thermal stabilities.Tiny acidic OX was introduced to inhibit the alkalinity reactions between Li6.75La3 Zr1.75Ta0.25O12 and poly(vinylidene fluoride).In order to improve the interfacial stability between cathode and electrolyte,an Al2 O3@LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 based composite cathode framework is also fabricated with poly(ethylene oxide) polymer and lithium salt as additives.The solid-state lithium battery assembled with polymer/garnet solid electrolyte and composite cathode framework demonstrates a high initial discharge capacity of 150.6 mAh g^(-1) and good capacity retention of 86.7% after 80 cycles at 0.2 C and 55℃,which provides a promising choice for achieving the stable electrode/electrolyte interfacial contact in solid-state lithium batteries.
文摘Under solvothermal conditions,1,4‑naphthalenedicarboxylic acid(H_(2)ndc)and 9,9′‑dihexyl‑2,7‑di(pyridin‑4‑yl)fluorene(hfdp)reacted with Co^(2+)ions and Cd^(2+)ions to form two coordination polymers,[Co(hfdp)(ndc)(H2O)]·DMA}n(1)and{[Cd(hfdp)(ndc)(H_(2)O)]·DMA}_(n)(2),respectively(DMA=N,N‑dimethylacetamide).Single‑crystal X‑ray diffraction analyses showed that both complexes 1 and 2 contain similar structures.Topological analysis indicates that complexes 1 and 2 have a{44·62}planar structure.In addition,both complexes reveal good thermal stability and fluorescence sensing performance.They exhibited good sensitivity and selectivity towards 2,4,6‑trinitrophenol(TNP)by fluorescent quenching.The limits of detection of 1 and 2 for TNP were 0.107 and 0.327μmol·L^(-1),respectively.CCDC:2475515,1;2475516,2.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52293472,22473096 and 22471164)。
文摘Among various architectures of polymers,end-group-free rings have attracted growing interests due to their distinct physicochemical performances over the linear counterparts which are exemplified by reduced hydrodynamic size and slower degradation.It is key to develop facile methods to large-scale synthesis of polymer rings with tunable compositions and microstructures.Recent progresses in large-scale synthesis of polymer rings against single-chain dynamic nanoparticles,and the example applications in synchronous enhancing toughness and strength of polymer nanocomposites are summarized.Once there is the breakthrough in rational design and effective large-scale synthesis of polymer rings and their functional derivatives,a family of cyclic functional hybrids would be available,thus providing a new paradigm in developing polymer science and engineering.
基金financially supported by the International Cooperation Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Hubei Province(No.2023EHA069)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20230807143702005)the National Foreign Experts Program(No.G2022027015L)。
文摘Liver is a vital organ in the human body and plays a central role in the metabolism and detoxification of endotoxins and exotoxins.Bilirubin is an endotoxin derived from hemoglobin(Hb).Removing excess bilirubin in the blood is crucial for the treatment of liver diseases.Hemoperfusion,which relies on adsorbents to efficiently adsorb toxins,is a widely applied procedure for the removal of blood toxins.To broaden and improve the range and performance of hemoperfusion adsorbents,we synthesized cationic hyper crosslinked polymers(HCPs)with strong affinity for bilirubin.This material exhibited outstanding adsorption performance,with a maximum adsorption capacity of 934 mg/g and a removal efficiency of 96%.Further investigation confirmed their excellent selectivity,reusability,and biocompatibility.These findings expand the potential applications of HCPs and provide insight into strategies for constructing promising hemoperfusion adsorbent materials.
文摘Four distinct coordination polymers(CPs)were successfully synthesized by altering solvent types and adjusting ligand concentrations,and their crystal structures were investigated.[Co(L)(FDCA)(H_(2)O)_(2)]·0.5H_(2)O(1)was synthesized as a 2D structure using Coas the metal source,methanol‑water(4∶6,V/V)as the solvent,and specific concentrations of 2,5‑furandicarboxylic acid(H_(2)FDCA)and 1,3,5‑triimidazole benzene(L).Adjusting to pure water and lowering the concentration of L yielded the 1D chain structure of[Co(HL)2(H_(2)O)_(2)](FDCA)_(2)·6H_(2)O(2).Using Cu(Ⅱ)as the metal source,methanol/water(9∶1,V/V)as the solvent,and specific concentrations of L and H2FDCA,the 1D chain structure of[Cu(L)(FDCA)(H_(2)O)]·2H_(2)O(3)was synthesized.Upon increasing the concentrations of L and H2FDCA,and switching the solvent to pure water,the 1D chain structure of[Cu(HL)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(2)](FDCA)_(2)·6H_(2)O(4)was obtained.This shows that changing the solvent and ligand concentrations can affect the structural changes of CPs.In addition,the solid‑state photoluminescence of CPs 1‑4 at room temperature was studied,and their morphological changes were observed via scanning electron microscopy.Density functional theory calculations revealed that the negative charge concentrates on the O and N atoms of the ligand,facilitating ligand‑metal ion coordination.CCDC:2403934,1;2403935,2;2403936,3;2403938,4.
基金the support from the Jiangsu Provincial Senior Talent Program (Dengfeng,Jiangsu University)the support from the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2024YFB3612600)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22275098,62288102)Basic Research Program of Jiangsu (No.BK20243057)the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (No.NY222097)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62205035)。
文摘To precisely control intrachain π-electron delocalization and interchain interaction simultaneously is the prerequisite to obtain stable and efficient deep-blue light-emitting p-n polymer semiconductors for the polymer light-emitting diodes(PLEDs).Herein,we introduced the steric carbazole-fluorene nanogrid into light-emitting diphenyl sulfone-based p-n polymer semiconductors(PG and PDG) via metal-free C-N coupling polymerization for the fabrication of deep-blue PLEDs.The steric,rigid and twisted configuration between nanogrid and diphenyl sulfone in PG and PDG present the unique characteristic of large steric hindrance interaction to suppress interchain aggregation in solid state.Due to the different length of electron-deficient diphenyl sulfone monomers,PG showed a deep-blue emission with a maximum peak at 428 nm but red-shifted to 480 nm for the PDG films.Interestingly,similar deep-blue emission behavior of PG in diluted non-polar solution and films suggested the extremely weak interchain aggregation.Finally,PLEDs based on PG are fabricated with a stable deep-blue emission of CIE(0.15,0.10),and corresponding EL spectral profile is also completely identical to PL ones of diluted solution,revealed the intrachain emission without obvious interchain excited state,confirmed effectiveness of the steric hindrance functionalization of nanogrid in p-n polymer semiconductor for deep-blue light-emitting organic optoelectronics.
基金financial support by Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515012415)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52242305)the Stable Support Project of Shenzhen(Project No.20231122125728001).
文摘Thermoelectric(TE)materials,being capable of converting waste heat into electricity,are pivotal for sustainable energy solutions.Among emerging TE materials,organic TE materials,particularly conjugated polymers,are gaining prominence due to their unique combination of mechanical flexibility,environmental compatibility,and solution-processable fabrication.A notable candidate in this field is poly(2,5-bis(3-alkylthiophen-2-yl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene)(PBTTT),a liquid-crystalline conjugated polymer,with high charge carrier mobility and adaptability to melt-processing techniques.Recent advancements have propelled PBTTT’s figure of merit from below 0.1 to a remarkable 1.28 at 368 K,showcasing its potential for practical applications.This review systematically examines strategies to enhance PBTTT’s TE performance through doping(solution,vapor,and anion exchange doping),composite engineering,and aggregation state controlling.Recent key breakthroughs include ion exchange doping for stable charge modulation,multi-heterojunction architectures reducing thermal conductivity,and proton-coupled electron transfer doping for precise Fermi-level tuning.Despite great progress,challenges still persist in enhancing TE conversion efficiency,balancing or decoupling electrical conductivity,Seebeck coefficient and thermal conductivity,and leveraging melt-processing scalability of PBTTT.By bridging fundamental insights with applied research,this work provides a roadmap for advancing PBTTT-based TE materials toward efficient energy harvesting and wearable electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22341303,22103079,and 22503003)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2023QB232)the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars(No.RCPT-6120250009)。
文摘Shear stress overshoot in entangled polymer rheology is a hallmark of transient dynamics,but its microscopic origin remains under debate.Using molecular dynamics simulations,we investigate a two-step shear protocol consisting of successive startup shears separated by a waiting period,with the first shear interrupted before the overshoot.In the homogeneous flow,the GLaMM theory captures the stress response during the first shear,but fails to reproduce the nonmonotonic dependence of the second stress overshoot(σ_(2max))on the waiting time.Contrary to the prediction of a nonmonotonic normal stress component σ_(yy)during the waiting period,our simulations show that σ_(yy),like the tube segment orientation(S_(xy)),the contour length of the primitive chain(L),and the entanglement number per chain(Z),relaxes monotonically toward equilibrium.At the strain corresponding to σ_(2max),both the tube segment orientation and the entanglement number per chain exhibit a nonmonotonic dependence on the waiting time that closely mirrors the behavior of σ_(2max),indicating that both factors play significant roles in governing(σ_(2max).Our findings are consistent with the interpretation of lanniruberto and Ma rrucci[ACS Macro.Lett.2014,3,552]for orientation effects and with the viewpoint of Wang et al.[Macromolecules 2013,46,3147]for entanglement effects,although the two explanations are rooted in distinct physical pictu res.These results provide new insights into the stress responses of entanglement polymer fluids and underscore the need for a more unified theoretical framework.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.5226804252468035)。
文摘To investigate the pore structure of graphene oxide modified polymer cement mortar(GOPM)under salt-freeze-thaw(SFT)coupling effects and its impact on deterioration,this study modifies polymer cement mortar(EMCM)with graphene oxide(GO).The micro-pore structure of GOPM is characterized using LF-NMR and SEM.Fractal theory is applied to calculate the fractal dimension of pore volume,and the deterioration patterns are analyzed based on the evolution characteristics of capillary pores.The experimental results indicate that,after 25 salt-freeze-thaw cycles(SFTc),SO2-4 ions penetrate the matrix,generating corrosion products that fill existing pores and enhance the compactness of the specimen.As the number of cycles increases,the ongoing formation and expansion of corrosion products within the matrix,combined with persistent freezing forces,and result in the degradation of the pore structure.Therefore,the mass loss rate(MLR)of the specimens shows a trend of first decreasing and then increasing,while the relative dynamic elastic modulus(RDEM)initially increases and then decreases.Compared to the PC group specimens,the G3PM group specimens show a 28.71% reduction in MLR and a 31.42% increase in RDEM after 150 SFTc.The fractal dimensions of the transition pores,capillary pores,and macropores in the G3PM specimens first increase and then decrease as the number of SFTc increases.Among them,the capillary pores show the highest correlation with MLR and RDEM,with correlation coefficients of 0.97438 and 0.98555,respectively.
基金financial support of this work by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21861039)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(No.KYCX24_2530)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of pyridinemethanol with ketones is one of the most reliable methodologies to access functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives.However,it is challenging to develop environmentally friendly catalytic systems,especially in constructing efficient and recyclable catalysts under water or solvent-free conditions.Here,we designed two novel coordination polymers Cd-CPs and Fe-CPs to investigate their catalytic performance in water.Gratifyingly,it was observed that Cd-CPs as a multifunctional catalyst was successfully applied to establish a universal pathway for direct fabrication of 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives under water conditions,while it was effective for the synthesis of1,3,5-triazines through acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling strategies.The features of broad substrate,high atom efficiency,and good catalyst reusability highlight the feasibility of this transformation.In additional,we demonstrated the spindle-like structures Fe-P,derived from the Fe-CPs via phosphorylation,which can be used as an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction with good stability.This work provides two highly efficient non-noble metal catalysts for functionalized 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives production and oxygen evolution reaction,and opens a new avenue to further fabricate diverse metal catalysts with high catalytic performance in water.
基金financially supported by the Innovation and Technology Commission of the Hong Kong SAR Government(No.MRP/020/21)Hong Kong Polytechnic University(No.847A)+1 种基金RI-Wear Seed Fund of Poly U(1-CD8J)Start-up Fund of Poly U(1-BD49)。
文摘Polymer matrix composites with high dielectric constants and low dielectric losses are in high demand for flexible electronics.However,simultaneously satisfying these requirements poses a significant scientific challenge owing to the intrinsic trade-off relationship.Herein,we utilized the in situ controllable reduction of graphene oxide(GO)within a poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene)(P(VDF-Tr FE-CFE))matrix to regulate the dielectric properties.The as-obtained composite exhibited a high relative dielectric constant of 1415coupled with a low loss tangent of 0.380 at 100 Hz.Experimental and theoretical studies indicate that the increased degree of electron conjugation and conductivity of the reduced GO(RGO)are responsible for the high-k.The constrained reduction degree of GO,combined with its homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix,effectively suppresses long-range charge carrier migration,thereby minimizing dielectric loss.This novel strategy could be successfully applied to both organic and aqueous systems.Furthermore,a high-performance flexible capacitive proximity sensor was exemplified by the optimization of both the dielectric layer and electrode pattern,exhibiting excellent sensitivity and stability.The fundamental mechanisms elucidated in this study provide crucial design principles for developing dielectric PMCs with tailored properties,thereby opening new avenues for advanced flexible electronic applications.
文摘Bone regeneration for non-load-bearing defects remains a significant clinical challenge requiring advanced biomaterials and cellular strategies.Adiposederived mesenchymal stem cells(AD-MSCs)have garnered significant interest in bone tissue engineering(BTE)because of their abundant availability,minimally invasive harvesting procedures,and robust differentiation potential into osteogenic lineages.Unlike bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells,AD-MSCs can be easily obtained in large quantities,making them appealing alternatives for therapeutic applications.This review explores hydrogels containing polymers,such as chitosan,collagen,gelatin,and hyaluronic acid,and their composites,tailored for BTE,and emphasizes the importance of these hydrogels as scaffolds for the delivery of AD-MSCs.Various hydrogel fabrication techniques and biocompatibility assessments are discussed,along with innovative modifications to enhance osteogenesis.This review also briefly outlines AD-MSC isolation methods and advanced embedding techniques for precise cell placement,such as direct encapsulation and three-dimensional bioprinting.We discuss the mechanisms of bone regeneration in the AD-MSC-laden hydrogels,including osteoinduction,vascularization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.We also review the preclinical and clinical applications of AD-MSC-hydrogel systems,emphasizing their success and limitations.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of AD-MSC-based hydrogel systems to guide the development of effective therapies for bone regeneration.
文摘We are sorry for the mistakes of Affiliation,"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China"should be replaced by"a State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials,Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China".We apologized for the inconvenience caused by this error.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203123 and 52473248)State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering(sklpme2024-2-04)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiessponsored by the Double First-Class Construction Funds of Sichuan University。
文摘Composite polymer electrolytes(CPEs)offer a promising solution for all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries(ASSLMBs).However,conventional nanofillers with Lewis-acid-base surfaces make limited contribution to improving the overall performance of CPEs due to their difficulty in achieving robust electrochemical and mechanical interfaces simultaneously.Here,by regulating the surface charge characteristics of halloysite nanotube(HNT),we propose a concept of lithium-ion dynamic interface(Li^(+)-DI)engineering in nano-charged CPE(NCCPE).Results show that the surface charge characteristics of HNTs fundamentally change the Li^(+)-DI,and thereof the mechanical and ion-conduction behaviors of the NCCPEs.Particularly,the HNTs with positively charged surface(HNTs+)lead to a higher Li^(+)transference number(0.86)than that of HNTs-(0.73),but a lower toughness(102.13 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs+and 159.69 MJ m^(-3)for HNTs-).Meanwhile,a strong interface compatibilization effect by Li^(+)is observed for especially the HNTs+-involved Li^(+)-DI,which improves the toughness by 2000%compared with the control.Moreover,HNTs+are more effective to weaken the Li^(+)-solvation strength and facilitate the formation of Li F-rich solid-electrolyte interphase of Li metal compared to HNTs-.The resultant Li|NCCPE|LiFePO4cell delivers a capacity of 144.9 m Ah g^(-1)after 400 cycles at 0.5 C and a capacity retention of 78.6%.This study provides deep insights into understanding the roles of surface charges of nanofillers in regulating the mechanical and electrochemical interfaces in ASSLMBs.
文摘A novel coordination polymer(CP){[Cd_(2)(L)(1,4-bimb)_(1.5)(DMF)_(2)]·DMF}n(1)(H_(4)L=5,5'-[1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diylbis(oxy)]diisophthalic acid,1,4-bimb=1,4-bis(imidazole-1-ylmethyl)-benzene)has been designed and synthesized through solvothermal reaction.Structural analysis shows that Cd(Ⅱ)is connected by H4L and 1,4-bimb to form a 2D network,and 1,4-bimb further expands the 2D network into a 3D framework.CP 1 can be used as an excellent fluorescence sensor for Fe^(3+)and 4-nitrophenol(4-NP),with low detection limits and good anti-interference.The detection limits of Fe^(3+)and 4-NP were 0.034 and 0.031μmol·L^(-1),respectively.In addition,the fluorescence quenching mechanism was studied.1 was successfully applied to determine Fe^(3+)and 4-NP content in the Yanhe River water sample.CCDC:2351092.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21875071)the National Natural Science Foundation of China-Hong Kong Research Grant Council(NSFC-RGC)Joint Research Scheme(Grant No.21661162002 and N_HKUST601/16)the Guangzhou Scientific and Technological Planning Project(Grant No.201704030061)。
文摘Solid polymer electrolytes(SPEs), such as polyethylene oxide(PEO), are characteristic of good flexibility and excellent processability, but they suffer from low ionic conductivity and small Li+transference number at ambient temperature. Inorganic solid electrolytes(ISEs), garnet-type Li7La3Zr2O12 and its derivatives(LLZO-based) in particular, possess high ionic conductivity at room temperature, wide electrochemical stability window, large Li+transference number as well as good stability against Li metal anode.Nevertheless, lithium dendrites growth, interfacial contact issue and brittle nature of LLZO-based ceramic electrolytes prevent their practical applications. In response to these shortcomings, LLZO-based/polymer solid composite electrolytes(SCEs), taking complementary advantages of two kinds of electrolytes, and thus simultaneously improving the electrode wettability, ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, have been made to develop high-performance SCEs in recent years. Herein, the intrinsic properties and research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, including LLZO-based/PEO SCEs(LLZO-based/PEO SCEs with uniform dispersion of LLZO-based fillers and LLZO-based/PEO layered SCEs) and LLZO-based/novel polymers SCEs, are summarized. Besides, comprehensive updates on their applications in solid-state batteries are also presented. Finally, challenges and perspectives of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs for advanced allsolid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs) are suggested. This review paper aims to provide systematic research progress of LLZO-based/polymer SCEs, to allow for more efficient and target-oriented research on improving LLZO-based/polymer SCEs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51803041)the University and Local Integration Development Project of Yantai,China(No.2022 XDRHXMXK08).
文摘Herein,an external crosslinker facilitated the hypercrosslinking of ferrocene and a nitrogen heterocyclic compound(either melamine or imidazole)through a direct Friedel-Crafts reaction,which led to the formation of nitrogen-containing hypercrosslinked fer-rocene polymer precursors(HCP-FCs).Subsequent carbonization of these precursors results in the production of iron-nitrogen-doped por-ous carbon absorbers(Fe-NPCs).The Fe-NPCs demonstrate a porous structure comprising aggregated nanotubes and nanospheres.The porosity of this structure can be modulated by adjusting the iron and nitrogen contents to optimize impedance matching.The uniform dis-tribution of Fe-N_(x)C,N dipoles,andα-Fe within the carbon matrix can be ensured by using hypercrosslinked ferrocenes in constructing porous carbon,providing the absorber with numerous polarization sites and a conductive network.The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of the specially designed Fe-NPC-M_(2)absorbers is satisfactory,revealing a minimum reflection loss of-55.3 dB at 2.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth of 6.00 GHz at 2.0 mm.By utilizing hypercrosslinked polymers(HCPs)as precursors,a novel method for developing highly efficient carbon-based absorbing agents is introduced in this research.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52233001,51927805,and 52173110)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.2023ZKZD07)the Shanghai Rising-Star Program(No.22QA1401200)。
文摘Cholesteric liquid crystals(CLCs)exhibit unique helical superstructures that selectively reflect circularly polarized light,enabling them to dynamically respond to environmental changes with tunable structural colors.This dynamic color-changing capability is crucial for applications that require adaptable optical properties,positioning CLCs as key materials in advanced photonic technologies.This review focuses on the mechanisms of dynamic color tuning in CLCs across various forms,including small molecules,cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers(CLCEs),and cholesteric liquid crystal networks(CLCNs),and emphasizes the distinct responsive coloration each structure provides.Key developments in photochromic mechanisms based on azobenzene,dithienylethene,and molecular motor switches,are discussed for their roles in enhancing the stability and tuning range of CLCs.We examine the color-changing behaviors of CLCEs under mechanical stimuli and CLCNs under swelling,highlighting the advantages of each form.Following this,applications of dynamic color-tuning CLCs in information encryption,adaptive camouflage,and smart sensing technologies are explored.The review concludes with an outlook on current challenges and future directions in CLC research,particularly in biomimetic systems and dynamic photonic devices,aiming to broaden their functional applications and impact.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.52173257 and 51872159)。
文摘The polymer-ceramic composite electrolyte is considered as one of promising electrolytes for solid-state battery.However,in previous research,ceramic particles are usually dispersed in polymer matrix and could not form continuous Li+conductive channels.The agglomeration of ceramic particles could also lead to low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial electrode/electrolyte contact.In this paper,self-supported porous Li_(6.4)La_(3) Zr_(1.4)Ta_(0.6)O_(12)(LLZTO) electrolyte is synthesized by gelcasting process,which possesses three-dimensional(3D) interconnected pore channels and relatively high strength.The 1,3-dioxolane(DOL) could penetrate into the porous LLZTO framework for its excellent fluidity.The subsequent in situ polymerization process by thermal treatment could completely fill the internal pores and improve the interfacial contact with electrode.The resulting 3D composite electrolyte with dual continuous Li+transport channels in ceramic and polymer components exhibits high ionic conductivity of 2.8 × 10^(-4) S·cm^(-1) at room temperature and low Li/electrolyte interfacial resistance of 94 Ω·cm^(2) at 40 ℃.The corresponding Li/Li symmetric cell delivers stable voltage profiles for over 600 h under 0.1 and 0.2 mA·cm^(-2).The solid-state Li/LiFePO_(4) battery shows superior rate and cycling performance under 0.1 C and 0.2 C.This work guides the preparation of composite electrolyte with dual continuous Li+conductive paths as well as high ceramic ratio and interface modification strategy for solid-state Li metal battery.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.62075079,62305127,61975200)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(20230508135RC)the Science and Technology Development Foundation of Changchun City(23GZZ15).
文摘The fluorescence imaging (FLI) in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700nm) has attracted considerable attention in the past decade. In contrast to conventional NIR-I window excitation (808nm/980nm), FLI with NIR-II window excitation (1064nm/other wavelength beyond 1000nm) can afford deeper tissue penetration depth with high clarity due to the merits of suppressed photon scattering and diminished autofluorescence. In this review, we have summarized NIR-II window excitable/emissive organic/polymeric fluorophores recently developed. The characteristics of these fluorophores such as chemical structures and photophysical properties have also been critically discussed. Furthermore, the latest development of noninvasive in vivo FLI with NIR-II excitation was highlighted. The ideal imaging results emphasized the importance of NIR-II excitation of these fluorophores in enabling deep tissue penetration and high-resolution imaging. Finally, a perspective on the challenges and prospects of NIR-II excitable/emissive organic/polymeric fluorophores was also discussed. We expected this review will be served as a source of inspiration for researchers, stimulating the creation of novel NIR-II excitable fluorophores and fostering the development of bioimaging applications.
