The construction of N-fused polycyclic compounds at room temperature via the combination of transition-metal catalyst and photocatalyst has been reported.This novel work has successfully realized LED irradiated C—H a...The construction of N-fused polycyclic compounds at room temperature via the combination of transition-metal catalyst and photocatalyst has been reported.This novel work has successfully realized LED irradiated C—H activation of iodonium ylides.The strategy shows wide substrate scope and ideal functional group tolerance.Our work would be useful for the construction of various heterocyclic compounds.展开更多
10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds（PAHs）. The total concentrations of PAHs（∑PAHs） ranged from 2....10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds（PAHs）. The total concentrations of PAHs（∑PAHs） ranged from 2.768 to 9.826 μg/g dry sediment. The ∑PAHs was higher in sample 22V-TVG10 and sample 26V-TVG05 which were close to hydrothermal fields, with the lowest value in sample 22V-TVG14 which was farthest from hydrothermal fields, suggesting a probable hydrothermal origin of ∑PAHs of samples. Approximately nine kinds of PAHs were identified, and low molecular mass tricyclic and tetracyclic aromatic compounds were predominant in the samples. The concentrations of fluoranthene which were typical as hydrothermal alteration compounds were the highest among PAHs with dry weight between 0.913–3.157 μg/g. The phenanthrene homologue was most abundant in the samples, and the ratios between parent phenanthrene and methylphenanthrene which probably reflected the degree of hydrothermal alteration ranged from 0.097 to 1.602. The sample 22V-TVG10 possessing a maximum ratio value showed the intense influence of the hydrothermal alteration on this sample, which might further imply that PAHs in sediments were mainly derived from the hydrothermal alteration.展开更多
A comprehensive summary for the study on the monitoring of potential carcinogenicpolycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in the emission of coal combustion is presented in this pa-per. Some PACs in the stack gases of coa...A comprehensive summary for the study on the monitoring of potential carcinogenicpolycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in the emission of coal combustion is presented in this pa-per. Some PACs in the stack gases of coal-fired boiler have been determined with a procedure whichconsists of isokinetic stack sampling, extraction, preseparation and some instrumental analysis stepssuch as gas chromatographylmass spectrometry (GC/MS), high performance liquid chromatographyfHPLC), room temperature phosphorimetry (RTP) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS)and so on. The results indicate that the air pollution of PACs in China are related closely to thecoal combustion.展开更多
Continental epithermal ore deposits are commonly associated with sedimentary organic matter,oils or solid bitumen.These organics embedded in mineral deposits can convey valuable information of the ore genesis.However,...Continental epithermal ore deposits are commonly associated with sedimentary organic matter,oils or solid bitumen.These organics embedded in mineral deposits can convey valuable information of the ore genesis.However,the extent to which the formation of ore minerals was recorded by organic compounds remains largely unknown,as also is how metal-rich ores interfere with the molecular proxies in the temperature regime envisaged for hydrothermal activity.The molecular compositional changes of various polycyclic aromatic steranes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and compounds derived from the Jinding Pb/Zn deposit,SW China provide new data.Aliphatic regular steranes are present as traces.The transformation from polycyclic aromatic steranes to unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is observed to show an increased trend with increasing hydrothermal alteration levels;this is consistent with the transformation from unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to heterocyclic compounds.Dehydrocyclization(aromatization)of polycyclic biological compounds and hydrodecyclization(dearomatization)of polycyclic aromatic compounds are two important reaction pathways in hydrothermal systems with moderate temperature.This detailed investigation of organicinorganic interactions of two groups of polycyclic compounds with metal-rich ores provides insights into the questions on how and to what extent the formation of Pb/Zn deposits can be recorded by organics.This work will improve our understanding of carbon reduction,oxidation or condensation in the deep Earth and the carbon exchange between the Earth's crust and mantle,and may shed light on the processes for ultra-deep hydrocarbon exploration.展开更多
To characterize how the speed and load of a medium-duty diesel engine affected the organic compounds in diesel particle matter（PM） below 1 μm, four driving conditions were examined. At all four driving conditions, ...To characterize how the speed and load of a medium-duty diesel engine affected the organic compounds in diesel particle matter（PM） below 1 μm, four driving conditions were examined. At all four driving conditions, concentration of identifiable organic compounds in PM ultrafine（34–94 nm） and accumulation（94–1000 nm） modes ranged from 2.9 to 5.7 μg/m3 and 9.5 to 16.4 μg/m3, respectively. As a function of driving conditions, the non-oxygencontaining organics exhibited a reversed concentration trend to the oxygen-containing organics. The identified organic compounds were classified into eleven classes： alkanes,alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, esters, ketones, alcohols, ethers,nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds. At all driving conditions,alkane class consistently showed the highest concentration（8.3 to 18.0 μg/m3） followed by carboxylic acid, esters, ketones and alcohols. Twelve polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）were identified with a total concentration ranging from 37.9 to 174.8 ng/m3. In addition, nine nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds（NPACs） were identified with a total concentration ranging from 7.0 to 10.3 ng/m3. The most abundant PAH（phenanthrene）and NPACs（7,8-benzoquinoline and 3-nitrophenanthrene） comprise a similar molecular（3 aromatic-ring） structure under the highest engine speed and engine load.展开更多
Polycyclic compounds are widely found in natural products and drug molecules with important biological activities,which attracted the attention of many chemists.Phosphine-catalyzed nucleophilic addition is one of the ...Polycyclic compounds are widely found in natural products and drug molecules with important biological activities,which attracted the attention of many chemists.Phosphine-catalyzed nucleophilic addition is one of the most powerful tools for the construction of various cyclic compounds with the advantages of atom economy,mild reaction conditions and simplicity of operation.Allenolates,Morita−Baylis−Hillman(MBH)alcohols and their derivatives(MBHADs),electron-deficient olefins and alkynes are very efficient substrates in phosphine mediated annulations,which formed many phosphonium species such asβ-phosphonium enolates,β-phosphonium dienolates and vinyl phosphonium ylides as intermediates.This review describes the reactivities of these phosphonium zwitterions and summarizes the synthesis of polycycle compounds through phosphine-mediated intramolecular and intermolecular sequential annulations.Thus,a systematic summary of the research process based on the phosphine-mediated sequential annulations of allenolates,MBH alcohols and MBHADs,electron-deficient olefins and alkynes are presented in Chapters 2-6,respectively.展开更多
Large igneous provinces (LIPs), a critical area in Earth science, are closely related to paleoenvironmental evolution and biodiversity. The Permian Tarim large igneous province (TLIP) provides an ideal laboratory for ...Large igneous provinces (LIPs), a critical area in Earth science, are closely related to paleoenvironmental evolution and biodiversity. The Permian Tarim large igneous province (TLIP) provides an ideal laboratory for correlational research. Previous reports show that the TLIP formed ∼300–262 Ma. Based on igneous lithology and the upper limit of single magmatic activity (<5 Ma), the TLIP can be divided into five main magmatic episodes. Core logging, seismic sections, lithofacies observations, and in-situ calcite U-Pb dating indicate diabase intrusions and a hydrothermal upwelling event (∼295.9–273 Ma) resulted from TLIP magmatic activity. The results indicate that polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in oil are powerful proxies of magmatic intrusion and hydrothermal activity in the Permian TLIP. The existing diabase intrusion (EDI) samples show a higher concentration of high-molecular-weight (HMW) PACs (≥5-ring PACs) and greater combustion-derived PAC ratios. The distribution coupling between the diabase intrusion and PACs indicates that the HMW PACs are mainly derived from the cycloaddition reactions by the pyrogenic source (i.e., diabase intrusion). The conversion of phenanthrene (Phe), biphenyl (Bp), and dibenzothiophene (DBT) series compounds indicates that the oil is altered by hydrothermal activity. The hydrogenium and sulfur carried by the hydrothermal upwelling process promote the heteroatom incorporation of PACs. The cycloaddition and heteroatom incorporation reactions of PACs during the formation of LIPs offer a new perspective for evaluating their impact. PACs serve as effective proxies for LIPs and may also contribute to biological crises associated with LIPs.展开更多
The physical growth of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds(PACs)to soot particles plays a significant role in understanding the chemistry of soot formation.Insights into the process can be gained from PACs’free energy of d...The physical growth of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds(PACs)to soot particles plays a significant role in understanding the chemistry of soot formation.Insights into the process can be gained from PACs’free energy of dimerization landscape.However,because the infeasibly large space of possible PAC dimers cannot be exhaustively simulated,researchers must train machine learning models on a subset of data to impute the rest.To this end,we propose and assess an active learning approach to discovering the optimal PACs for training a machine learning model to predict PACs’association and dissociation free energies.The comparison between active learning and random sampling showed that active learning has faster loss convergence,requiring fewer training samples to reach the same level of accuracy.The trained model accurately modeled unseen PACs and exhibited robustness against changes in the sampling space used to train the model.More broadly,this work shows how active learning can optimize the design and improve the understanding of more expensive models in specific domains.展开更多
We present a machine learning approach for the inverse design of organic semiconductor materials from benzene and thiophene-based polycyclic aromatic compounds(PACs).Inverse design is an efficient approach to material...We present a machine learning approach for the inverse design of organic semiconductor materials from benzene and thiophene-based polycyclic aromatic compounds(PACs).Inverse design is an efficient approach to materials discovery that aims to design materials with preset properties.However,it is complex due to the non-uniqueness and nonlinearity of property-to-structure relationships.We demonstrate the potential of this approach through the inverse design of PACs to achieve target HOMO-LUMO gaps,a key property for organic semiconductors,ranging from 1.36 eV to 4.37 eV with an error of 0.15 eV within Density Functional Theory uncertainty.The model uses goalconditioned reinforcement learning with chemical domain knowledge,allowing addressing design goals directly.To incorporate practical aspects such as chemical accessibility,the model can include soft constraints,such as minimizing ring count to favor smaller structures.Thus,our framework addresses key inverse design challenges while allowing prioritization of more optimal or diverse candidates.展开更多
Tetrahydro-y-carbolines(THyCs)constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids.In addition to being substructures of natural products,these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmac...Tetrahydro-y-carbolines(THyCs)constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids.In addition to being substructures of natural products,these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse bioactivities such as antiviral,antibacterial,antifungal,antiparasitic,antitumor,anti-inflammatory,and neuropharmacological activities.Beyond the pharmacological and biological aspects of these scaffolds,they have considerable synthetic applications for the construction of further bioactive compounds,too.The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments in the synthesis of this compound class.展开更多
1 Results Introduction of functional groups at the frameworks of the centropolyindanes is a non-trivial task since the construction of the rigid and massive skeletons of,e.g.,tribenzotriquinacene and fenestrindane req...1 Results Introduction of functional groups at the frameworks of the centropolyindanes is a non-trivial task since the construction of the rigid and massive skeletons of,e.g.,tribenzotriquinacene and fenestrindane requires well-balanced synthesis strategies[1,2].In the present contribution,some selected examples are presented for the recent multiple functionalization of tribenzotriquinacenes,such as compound 1,and fenestrindanes,such as compound 2,preformed in our laboratory.See Fig.1.展开更多
In this report we investigated two-dimensionally triptycene end-capped QPPs in terms of their solution and solid-state behavior.For this purpose,a triphenylene based ortho-diamine decorated with two triptycenyl units ...In this report we investigated two-dimensionally triptycene end-capped QPPs in terms of their solution and solid-state behavior.For this purpose,a triphenylene based ortho-diamine decorated with two triptycenyl units as well as a phenylene diamine with two non-annulated triptycene units have been synthesized.Sequences of condensation reactions with a pyrene-based tetraketone and ortho-diamines yielded a series of QPPs and UV/Vis investigations of the corresponding compounds led to the conclusion,that the QPPs form dimers in solution,which was further supported by MALDI-TIMS-TOF-MS.Single-crystal X-ray analysis of the triply and quadruply triptycene end-capped QPPs furthermore showed shortπ-π-distances of 3.3-3.4?and a perfect shape match during the dimerization of the triply triptycenyl end-capped QPP making it possible synthon for crystal engineering.展开更多
基金the support from Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2020YJ0221).
文摘The construction of N-fused polycyclic compounds at room temperature via the combination of transition-metal catalyst and photocatalyst has been reported.This novel work has successfully realized LED irradiated C—H activation of iodonium ylides.The strategy shows wide substrate scope and ideal functional group tolerance.Our work would be useful for the construction of various heterocyclic compounds.
基金The National Key Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2013CB429700the National Special Fund for the 12th Five Year Plan of COMRA under contract Nos DY125-12-R-02,DY125-12-R-05 and DY125-11-R-05+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41325021,40830849 and 40976027the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences under contract No.XDA11030302the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars under contract No.JQ200913
文摘10 samples of sediments obtained from the South Mid-Atlantic Ridge were measured for the abundances and distributions of polycyclic aromatic compounds（PAHs）. The total concentrations of PAHs（∑PAHs） ranged from 2.768 to 9.826 μg/g dry sediment. The ∑PAHs was higher in sample 22V-TVG10 and sample 26V-TVG05 which were close to hydrothermal fields, with the lowest value in sample 22V-TVG14 which was farthest from hydrothermal fields, suggesting a probable hydrothermal origin of ∑PAHs of samples. Approximately nine kinds of PAHs were identified, and low molecular mass tricyclic and tetracyclic aromatic compounds were predominant in the samples. The concentrations of fluoranthene which were typical as hydrothermal alteration compounds were the highest among PAHs with dry weight between 0.913–3.157 μg/g. The phenanthrene homologue was most abundant in the samples, and the ratios between parent phenanthrene and methylphenanthrene which probably reflected the degree of hydrothermal alteration ranged from 0.097 to 1.602. The sample 22V-TVG10 possessing a maximum ratio value showed the intense influence of the hydrothermal alteration on this sample, which might further imply that PAHs in sediments were mainly derived from the hydrothermal alteration.
文摘A comprehensive summary for the study on the monitoring of potential carcinogenicpolycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in the emission of coal combustion is presented in this pa-per. Some PACs in the stack gases of coal-fired boiler have been determined with a procedure whichconsists of isokinetic stack sampling, extraction, preseparation and some instrumental analysis stepssuch as gas chromatographylmass spectrometry (GC/MS), high performance liquid chromatographyfHPLC), room temperature phosphorimetry (RTP) and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS)and so on. The results indicate that the air pollution of PACs in China are related closely to thecoal combustion.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0708504)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U20B6001,42141021,42102185)。
文摘Continental epithermal ore deposits are commonly associated with sedimentary organic matter,oils or solid bitumen.These organics embedded in mineral deposits can convey valuable information of the ore genesis.However,the extent to which the formation of ore minerals was recorded by organic compounds remains largely unknown,as also is how metal-rich ores interfere with the molecular proxies in the temperature regime envisaged for hydrothermal activity.The molecular compositional changes of various polycyclic aromatic steranes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and compounds derived from the Jinding Pb/Zn deposit,SW China provide new data.Aliphatic regular steranes are present as traces.The transformation from polycyclic aromatic steranes to unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is observed to show an increased trend with increasing hydrothermal alteration levels;this is consistent with the transformation from unsubstituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to heterocyclic compounds.Dehydrocyclization(aromatization)of polycyclic biological compounds and hydrodecyclization(dearomatization)of polycyclic aromatic compounds are two important reaction pathways in hydrothermal systems with moderate temperature.This detailed investigation of organicinorganic interactions of two groups of polycyclic compounds with metal-rich ores provides insights into the questions on how and to what extent the formation of Pb/Zn deposits can be recorded by organics.This work will improve our understanding of carbon reduction,oxidation or condensation in the deep Earth and the carbon exchange between the Earth's crust and mantle,and may shed light on the processes for ultra-deep hydrocarbon exploration.
基金supported by the Transportation Pollution Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research in the Republic of Korea and the Korean government overseas study fellowship (Program: 2003-S-20)
文摘To characterize how the speed and load of a medium-duty diesel engine affected the organic compounds in diesel particle matter（PM） below 1 μm, four driving conditions were examined. At all four driving conditions, concentration of identifiable organic compounds in PM ultrafine（34–94 nm） and accumulation（94–1000 nm） modes ranged from 2.9 to 5.7 μg/m3 and 9.5 to 16.4 μg/m3, respectively. As a function of driving conditions, the non-oxygencontaining organics exhibited a reversed concentration trend to the oxygen-containing organics. The identified organic compounds were classified into eleven classes： alkanes,alkenes, alkynes, aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, esters, ketones, alcohols, ethers,nitrogen-containing compounds, and sulfur-containing compounds. At all driving conditions,alkane class consistently showed the highest concentration（8.3 to 18.0 μg/m3） followed by carboxylic acid, esters, ketones and alcohols. Twelve polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons（PAHs）were identified with a total concentration ranging from 37.9 to 174.8 ng/m3. In addition, nine nitrogen-containing polycyclic aromatic compounds（NPACs） were identified with a total concentration ranging from 7.0 to 10.3 ng/m3. The most abundant PAH（phenanthrene）and NPACs（7,8-benzoquinoline and 3-nitrophenanthrene） comprise a similar molecular（3 aromatic-ring） structure under the highest engine speed and engine load.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22171147 and 21871148)for the financial support。
文摘Polycyclic compounds are widely found in natural products and drug molecules with important biological activities,which attracted the attention of many chemists.Phosphine-catalyzed nucleophilic addition is one of the most powerful tools for the construction of various cyclic compounds with the advantages of atom economy,mild reaction conditions and simplicity of operation.Allenolates,Morita−Baylis−Hillman(MBH)alcohols and their derivatives(MBHADs),electron-deficient olefins and alkynes are very efficient substrates in phosphine mediated annulations,which formed many phosphonium species such asβ-phosphonium enolates,β-phosphonium dienolates and vinyl phosphonium ylides as intermediates.This review describes the reactivities of these phosphonium zwitterions and summarizes the synthesis of polycycle compounds through phosphine-mediated intramolecular and intermolecular sequential annulations.Thus,a systematic summary of the research process based on the phosphine-mediated sequential annulations of allenolates,MBH alcohols and MBHADs,electron-deficient olefins and alkynes are presented in Chapters 2-6,respectively.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42173054).
文摘Large igneous provinces (LIPs), a critical area in Earth science, are closely related to paleoenvironmental evolution and biodiversity. The Permian Tarim large igneous province (TLIP) provides an ideal laboratory for correlational research. Previous reports show that the TLIP formed ∼300–262 Ma. Based on igneous lithology and the upper limit of single magmatic activity (<5 Ma), the TLIP can be divided into five main magmatic episodes. Core logging, seismic sections, lithofacies observations, and in-situ calcite U-Pb dating indicate diabase intrusions and a hydrothermal upwelling event (∼295.9–273 Ma) resulted from TLIP magmatic activity. The results indicate that polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in oil are powerful proxies of magmatic intrusion and hydrothermal activity in the Permian TLIP. The existing diabase intrusion (EDI) samples show a higher concentration of high-molecular-weight (HMW) PACs (≥5-ring PACs) and greater combustion-derived PAC ratios. The distribution coupling between the diabase intrusion and PACs indicates that the HMW PACs are mainly derived from the cycloaddition reactions by the pyrogenic source (i.e., diabase intrusion). The conversion of phenanthrene (Phe), biphenyl (Bp), and dibenzothiophene (DBT) series compounds indicates that the oil is altered by hydrothermal activity. The hydrogenium and sulfur carried by the hydrothermal upwelling process promote the heteroatom incorporation of PACs. The cycloaddition and heteroatom incorporation reactions of PACs during the formation of LIPs offer a new perspective for evaluating their impact. PACs serve as effective proxies for LIPs and may also contribute to biological crises associated with LIPs.
基金funded in part by the National Science Foundation Environmental Convergence Opportunities in Chemical,Bioengineering,Environmental,and Transport Systems(ECO-CBET)[Award Number:AWD024893]by the Michigan Institute for Computational Discovery and Engineering(MICDE)Research Scholar Program.
文摘The physical growth of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds(PACs)to soot particles plays a significant role in understanding the chemistry of soot formation.Insights into the process can be gained from PACs’free energy of dimerization landscape.However,because the infeasibly large space of possible PAC dimers cannot be exhaustively simulated,researchers must train machine learning models on a subset of data to impute the rest.To this end,we propose and assess an active learning approach to discovering the optimal PACs for training a machine learning model to predict PACs’association and dissociation free energies.The comparison between active learning and random sampling showed that active learning has faster loss convergence,requiring fewer training samples to reach the same level of accuracy.The trained model accurately modeled unseen PACs and exhibited robustness against changes in the sampling space used to train the model.More broadly,this work shows how active learning can optimize the design and improve the understanding of more expensive models in specific domains.
基金Tri M. Nguyen acknowledges Ho-Chi-Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), VNU-HCM, for supporting this study.
文摘We present a machine learning approach for the inverse design of organic semiconductor materials from benzene and thiophene-based polycyclic aromatic compounds(PACs).Inverse design is an efficient approach to materials discovery that aims to design materials with preset properties.However,it is complex due to the non-uniqueness and nonlinearity of property-to-structure relationships.We demonstrate the potential of this approach through the inverse design of PACs to achieve target HOMO-LUMO gaps,a key property for organic semiconductors,ranging from 1.36 eV to 4.37 eV with an error of 0.15 eV within Density Functional Theory uncertainty.The model uses goalconditioned reinforcement learning with chemical domain knowledge,allowing addressing design goals directly.To incorporate practical aspects such as chemical accessibility,the model can include soft constraints,such as minimizing ring count to favor smaller structures.Thus,our framework addresses key inverse design challenges while allowing prioritization of more optimal or diverse candidates.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21761132021)financial support from the National Research,Development and Innovation Office of Hungary(No.NKFIH/OTKA K 142266).
文摘Tetrahydro-y-carbolines(THyCs)constitute one of the most important subtypes of indole alkaloids.In addition to being substructures of natural products,these structural motifs and moieties can often be found in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse bioactivities such as antiviral,antibacterial,antifungal,antiparasitic,antitumor,anti-inflammatory,and neuropharmacological activities.Beyond the pharmacological and biological aspects of these scaffolds,they have considerable synthetic applications for the construction of further bioactive compounds,too.The aim of this review is to summarize recent developments in the synthesis of this compound class.
文摘1 Results Introduction of functional groups at the frameworks of the centropolyindanes is a non-trivial task since the construction of the rigid and massive skeletons of,e.g.,tribenzotriquinacene and fenestrindane requires well-balanced synthesis strategies[1,2].In the present contribution,some selected examples are presented for the recent multiple functionalization of tribenzotriquinacenes,such as compound 1,and fenestrindanes,such as compound 2,preformed in our laboratory.See Fig.1.
基金grateful to"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"supporting this project(SFB1249"N-heteropolycyclic compounds as functional materials"TP-A04).support by the state of Baden-Wurttemberg through bwHPC and the German Research Foundation(DFG)through grant no.INST 40/575-1 FUGG(JUSTUS 2 cluster).
文摘In this report we investigated two-dimensionally triptycene end-capped QPPs in terms of their solution and solid-state behavior.For this purpose,a triphenylene based ortho-diamine decorated with two triptycenyl units as well as a phenylene diamine with two non-annulated triptycene units have been synthesized.Sequences of condensation reactions with a pyrene-based tetraketone and ortho-diamines yielded a series of QPPs and UV/Vis investigations of the corresponding compounds led to the conclusion,that the QPPs form dimers in solution,which was further supported by MALDI-TIMS-TOF-MS.Single-crystal X-ray analysis of the triply and quadruply triptycene end-capped QPPs furthermore showed shortπ-π-distances of 3.3-3.4?and a perfect shape match during the dimerization of the triply triptycenyl end-capped QPP making it possible synthon for crystal engineering.
