Climate change and biodiversity loss are intricately linked,and as the severity of these challenges intensifies,the need for a cohesive international response has become increasingly evident.Since 1992,South Korea has...Climate change and biodiversity loss are intricately linked,and as the severity of these challenges intensifies,the need for a cohesive international response has become increasingly evident.Since 1992,South Korea has developed relevant legal and institutional frameworks;however,its initiatives addressing biodiversity loss have received less recognition and prioritization compared to its efforts concerning climate change.In this context,this study aims to analyze the disparities in South Korea’s policy responses to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)and the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),while proposing an integrated policy direction.To achieve this,the study compares key policies related to both conventions by utilizing the OECD’s Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development(PCSD)indicators and evaluation criteria derived from previous research.Furthermore,the analysis incorporates variables identified in earlier studies,including legal enforceability,economic incentives,financial support,and industry participation,to enhance the depth of the analysis.Additionally,a review of international best practices was conducted to extract actionable insights for policy enhancement.The analysis reveals several challenges in biodiversity policies,including fragmented governance systems,low policy prioritization,weakened policy momentum,imbalanced financial support,and limited corporate awareness.Moreover,difficulties in quantitative evaluation hinder the verification of policy effectiveness due to the complex nature of biodiversity goals.This research aims to assess South Korea’s responsiveness in accordance with the integrated approach promoted by the international community.展开更多
Since its origin in the first Middle East War in 1948,the Palestinian refugee problem has not been properly resolved.Over the years,the key stakeholder Israel has put forward a variety of plans and countermeasures on ...Since its origin in the first Middle East War in 1948,the Palestinian refugee problem has not been properly resolved.Over the years,the key stakeholder Israel has put forward a variety of plans and countermeasures on refugee issues in multilateral and bilateral diplomatic stages.Researches on these policies of Israel on Palestinian refugees are crucial for solving this problem.The right wing and the left wing of political parties in Israel--lsrael's Likud and Labor Party had the longest and most influential rulings in the country.The refugee policies they have taken during their administrations have an impact on the development of the peace process in the Middle East,and also play a direct role in solving the problem of refugees.Through the analysis on refugee policies of the ruling party in various stages of the evolvement of the Arab-Israeli conflict,we can compare the Labor Party's and the Likud Party's policies for Palestinian refugees,and found that the policies of these two parties are consistent and similar on the issue of refugees,for example,neither of them recognize the responsibility of Israel on refugees,and they both denied the"right to return"of refugees,etc.In terms of the specific implementation of the policies,there are differences between them:the Likud Party was significantly tougher than the Labor Party.Both Labor and Likud is being affected by domestic and international factors,such as homeland security,the Jewish state property,political system,Jewish mentality and the support of the United States and other factors,so their policies are consistent;however,due to different historical factions,different voter groups,and national interests as well as the interests of the parties in different periods,the two parties have different refugee policies.展开更多
基金supported by the Carbon Neutrality,a specialized program of the Graduate School through the Korea Environmental Industry&Technology Institute(KEITI)funded by Ministriy of Environment(MOE,Korea).
文摘Climate change and biodiversity loss are intricately linked,and as the severity of these challenges intensifies,the need for a cohesive international response has become increasingly evident.Since 1992,South Korea has developed relevant legal and institutional frameworks;however,its initiatives addressing biodiversity loss have received less recognition and prioritization compared to its efforts concerning climate change.In this context,this study aims to analyze the disparities in South Korea’s policy responses to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)and the Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD),while proposing an integrated policy direction.To achieve this,the study compares key policies related to both conventions by utilizing the OECD’s Policy Coherence for Sustainable Development(PCSD)indicators and evaluation criteria derived from previous research.Furthermore,the analysis incorporates variables identified in earlier studies,including legal enforceability,economic incentives,financial support,and industry participation,to enhance the depth of the analysis.Additionally,a review of international best practices was conducted to extract actionable insights for policy enhancement.The analysis reveals several challenges in biodiversity policies,including fragmented governance systems,low policy prioritization,weakened policy momentum,imbalanced financial support,and limited corporate awareness.Moreover,difficulties in quantitative evaluation hinder the verification of policy effectiveness due to the complex nature of biodiversity goals.This research aims to assess South Korea’s responsiveness in accordance with the integrated approach promoted by the international community.
文摘Since its origin in the first Middle East War in 1948,the Palestinian refugee problem has not been properly resolved.Over the years,the key stakeholder Israel has put forward a variety of plans and countermeasures on refugee issues in multilateral and bilateral diplomatic stages.Researches on these policies of Israel on Palestinian refugees are crucial for solving this problem.The right wing and the left wing of political parties in Israel--lsrael's Likud and Labor Party had the longest and most influential rulings in the country.The refugee policies they have taken during their administrations have an impact on the development of the peace process in the Middle East,and also play a direct role in solving the problem of refugees.Through the analysis on refugee policies of the ruling party in various stages of the evolvement of the Arab-Israeli conflict,we can compare the Labor Party's and the Likud Party's policies for Palestinian refugees,and found that the policies of these two parties are consistent and similar on the issue of refugees,for example,neither of them recognize the responsibility of Israel on refugees,and they both denied the"right to return"of refugees,etc.In terms of the specific implementation of the policies,there are differences between them:the Likud Party was significantly tougher than the Labor Party.Both Labor and Likud is being affected by domestic and international factors,such as homeland security,the Jewish state property,political system,Jewish mentality and the support of the United States and other factors,so their policies are consistent;however,due to different historical factions,different voter groups,and national interests as well as the interests of the parties in different periods,the two parties have different refugee policies.
