Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for night...Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for nighttime autonomous navigation.Current algorithms,however,are limited by the requirement for known horizontal attitudes,restricting applications.This study introduces an autonomous 3-D attitude determination method to overcome this limitation.Our approach utilizes the Angle of Polarization(AOP)at night to extract neutral points from the AOP pattern.This allows for the calculation of polarization meridian plane information for attitude determination.Subsequently,we present an optimized Polarization TRIAD(Pol-TRIAD)algorithm to acquire the 3-D attitude.The proposed method outperforms the existing approaches in outdoor experiments by achieving lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).For one baseline attitude,it improves pitch by 31.7%,roll by 21.7%,and yaw by 2.6%,while for the attitude with a larger tilt angle,the improvements are 64.4%,30.4%,and 9.1%,respectively.展开更多
The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact...The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact, quantification, rapidity, and high sensitivity, is expected to be used for auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Herein, the differences in colorectal tissues of four pathological types were studied using this powerful technology. Polarized light imaging combined with the Mueller matrix decomposition (MMPD) method was applied to extract structural features that may be related to colorectal tumors. It demonstrated that parameters δ and θ could reflect the structural differences of colorectal tumors. Preliminary simulated experiment results revealed that the parameter δ was related to the fiber density, and the parameter θ was related to the fiber angle. Then Tamura image texture analysis was used to quantitatively describe tissues of different pathological types, and the results showed that the coarseness, contrast, directionality, and roughness of the four groups were statistically different. Texture analysis based on the quantitative data of the four dimensions could be applied for the identification of benign and malignant colorectal tumors.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patie...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by vertebroplasty at our hospital were divided into four groups. The control group received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the Treatment Group Ⅰ received acupuncture alone, Treatment Group Ⅱ was treated with medicated wine for warming meridians alongside polarized light physiotherapy, and Treatment Group Ⅲ received a combination of medicated wine for warming meridians, polarized light therapy, and acupuncture. The clinical efficacy, pain thresholds at various time points, temperature pain threshold, electric pain threshold, quality of life, sleep quality index, lumbar dysfunction index, visual analog scale(VAS) scores, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared and analyzed across the four groups. RESULTS:The total clinical effective rate in Treatment Group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 h post-treatment, the VAS scores, temperature pain thresholds, and electric pain thresholds in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). Additionally, quality-of-life scores in Treatment Group Ⅲ were markedly higher compared to the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ, while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Oswestry Disability Index scores, and incidence of adverse reactions in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than in the other groups(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture significantly reduces postoperative pain following vertebroplasty, enhances lumbar function, and improves both sleep quality and overall quality of life for patients. This approach is recommended for clinical application.展开更多
Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a crit...Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a critical role during poling fabrication.To enhance the imaging detection efficiency of the domain structure in z-cut PPLN,we have developed a second-harmonic generation microscope system specifically designed to produce a longitudinal electric field in foci for the imaging domain inversion.We demonstrated that imaging using a longitudinal electric field can achieve a contrast ratio enhancement by a factor of 1.77,showing high imaging efficiency and making the proposed method suitable for in situ monitoring of the z-cut PPLN poling process.展开更多
The two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)formed at the interface between two oxide insulators provides new opportunities for electronics and spintronics.The broken inversion symmetry at the heterointerface results in a R...The two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)formed at the interface between two oxide insulators provides new opportunities for electronics and spintronics.The broken inversion symmetry at the heterointerface results in a Rashba spin-orbit coupling(RSOC)effect that enables the conversion between spin and charge currents.However,conducting oxide interfaces that simultaneously exhibit strong RSOC and high carrier mobility-a combination query for achieving high spin-to-charge inter-conversion efficiencies-remain scarce.Herein,we report a correlated 2DEG with giant Rashba splitting and high electron mobility in(111)-oriented EuTiO_(3)/KTaO_(3)(ETO/KTO)heterostructures under light illumination.Upon light modulation,a unique carrier-dependent giant anomalous Hall effect,the signature of spin-polarized 2DEG,emerges with a sign crossover at a carrier density of approximately 5.0×10^(13)cm^(-2),highlighting dramatic changes in the band topology of KTO(111)interface.Furthermore,at 2 K,the carrier mobility is enhanced from 103 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)to 1800 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1),a remarkable enhancement of approximately 20 times.Accompanying with a giant Rashba coefficient αR up to 360meV·˚A,this high mobility ferromagnetic 5d oxide 2DEG is predicted to achieve a giant spin-to-charge conversion efficiency ofλ~10 nm,showing great potential for designing low-power spin-orbitronic devices.展开更多
For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosens...For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosensing,asymmetric catalysis,optical devices,and negative index materials.Circularly polarized light(CPL)is the most attractive source for chirality owing to its high availability,and now it has been used as a chiral source for the preparation of chiral matter.In this review,the recent progress in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is summarized.Firstly,the recent advancements in the fabrication of chiral materials using circularly polarized light are described,focusing on the unique strategies.Secondly,an overview of the potential applications of chiral nanomaterials driven by CPL is provided,with a particular emphasis on biosensing,catalysis,and phototherapy.Finally,a perspective on the challenges in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is given.展开更多
Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurre...Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurrent.In this paper,a self-powered photodetector based on hot electrons in chiral metamaterials is proposed and optimized.CPL can be distinguished by the direction of photocurrent without external bias owing to the interdigital electrodes with asymmetric chiral metamaterials.Distinguished by the direction of photocurrent,the device can easily detect the rotation direction of the CPL electric field,even if it only has a very weak responsivity.The responsivity of the proposed detector is near 1.9 mA/W at the wavelength of 1322 nm,which is enough to distinguish CPL.The detector we proposed has the potential for application in optical communication.展开更多
Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a ...Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a self-designed ternary hybrid(phase/amplitude) filter(THF). Both the phase and the amplitude patterns of THF are judiciously optimized by the versatile particle swarm optimization(PSO) searching algorithm. For the focusing configuration with a combination of a high numerical aperture(NA) and the optimized sine-shaped THFs, an optical needle with the full width at half maximum(FWHM) of 0.414λ and the DOF of 7.58λ is accessed, which corresponds to an aspect ratio of 18.3. The demonstrated longitudinally polarized super-resolution light needle with high aspect ratio opens up broad applications in high-density optical data storage, nano-photolithography, super-resolution imaging and high-efficiency particle trapping.展开更多
Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems,...Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems, has been thoroughly studied regarding visual signals across many animals. Much of this work has focused on spectral aspects of vision and signals. Here, I review work on polarized light signals of animals and relate these to what is known of polarization visual systems, polarized light aspects of visual scenes, and polarizationrelated behavior （e.g., orientation, habitatfinding, contrast enhancement）. Other than the broad patterns of scattered polarized light in the sky, most po larization in both terrestrial and aquatic environments results from either reflection or scattering in the horizontal plane. With overhead illumination, horizontal features such as the surfaces of many leaves or of air： water interfaces reflect horizontal polarization, and water scatters horizontally polar ized light under most conditions. Several animal species have been demonstrated to use horizontally polarized light fields or features in critical aspects of their biology. Significantly, most biological sig nals are also horizontally polarized. Here, I present relevant polarizationrelated behavior and discuss the hypothesis that sensory drive has evolutionarily influenced the structure of polarization signals. The paper also considers the evolutionary origin of circular polarization vision and circularly polar ized signals. It appears that this class of signals did not evolve under the influence of sensory drive. The study of signals based on polarized light is becoming a mature field of research.展开更多
In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with ...In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the output heading data, which leads to a sharp reduction in the accuracy of a polarized light compass. Herein, we present noise analysis and a novel multiscale transform denoising method of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. Specifically, a multiscale principle component analysis utilizing one-dimensional image entropy as classification criterion is directly implemented to suppress the noise in the acquired polarization image. Subsequently, a multiscale time–frequency peak filtering method using the sample entropy as classification criterion is applied for the output heading data so as to further increase the heading measurement accuracy from the denoised image above. These two approaches are combined to significantly reduce the heading error affected by different types of noises. Our experimental results indicate the proposed multiscale transform denoising method exhibits high performance in suppressing the noise of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation compared to existing prior arts.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic,caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus,has triggered a global health crisis,necessitating accurate predictive models to forecast disease severity and aid in clinical decision-making.This study introduces...The COVID-19 pandemic,caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus,has triggered a global health crisis,necessitating accurate predictive models to forecast disease severity and aid in clinical decision-making.This study introduces an innovative machine learning approach,the bDWPLO-FKNN model,designed to predict the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients.The model incorporates the Differential Weibull Polar Lights Optimizer(DWPLO),an enhancement of the Polar Lights Optimizer(PLO)with the differential evolution operator and the Weibull flight operator,to perform effective feature selection.The DWPLO’s performance was rigorously tested against IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark functions,demonstrating its robust optimization capabilities.The binary version of DWPLO(bDWPLO)was then integrated with the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbors(FKNN)algorithm to form the predictive model.Using a dataset from the People’s Hospital Affiliated with Ningbo University,the model was trained to identify patients at risk of developing severe pneumonia due to COVID-19.The bDWPLO-FKNN model exhibited exceptional predictive accuracy,with an accuracy of 84.036% and a specificity of 88.564%.The analysis revealed key predictors,including albumin,albumin to globulin ratio,lactate dehydrogenase,urea nitrogen,gamma-glutamyl transferase,and inorganic phosphorus,which were significantly associated with disease severity.The integration of DWPLO with FKNN not only enhances feature selection but also bolsters the model’s predictive power,providing a valuable tool for clinicians to assess patient risk and allocate healthcare resources effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic.展开更多
We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polar...We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polarized light and the applied spin bias can result in a net charge current. The resultant charge current is large enough to be measured when properly choosing the system parameters. The resultant charge current can be used to deduce the spin bias due to the fact that there exists a simple linear relation between them. When the external circuit is open, a charge bias instead of a charge current can be induced, which is also measurable by present technologies. These findings indicate a new approach to detect the spin bias by using circularly polarized light.展开更多
It is shown that the deflection of star light passing by the Sun, which is allegedly explainable only by general relativity, can be understood quantitatively as a quasi-classical effect of light refraction in the vac...It is shown that the deflection of star light passing by the Sun, which is allegedly explainable only by general relativity, can be understood quantitatively as a quasi-classical effect of light refraction in the vacuum polarized by the Sun's gravitational field. The theory of the dielectric polarization of the vacuum proposed pre- viously is further developed for the corresponding effect of the polarization of the vacuum in a gravitational field. The resulting refractive index of the vacuum in the presence of a gravitational field gives for the deflection of light by the Sun an angle |0| = 1.77', which is in good agreement with the experimental observations and the result of general relativity. From the theory Presented, it can also be deduced that the velocity of a horizontal light beam at 1000 km above ground level of the Earth has a velocity deficit - c= 5.73 cm / s in comparison to the light velocity on the ground.展开更多
We investigate the propagation of polarized light in fibrous tissues such as muscle and skin.The myofibrils and collagen fibers are approximated as long cylinders and the tissue phantom is composed of spherical and cy...We investigate the propagation of polarized light in fibrous tissues such as muscle and skin.The myofibrils and collagen fibers are approximated as long cylinders and the tissue phantom is composed of spherical and cylindrical structures.We apply Monte Carlo method based on this phantom to simulate and analyze polarization imaging process of muscle.The good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental results validate the assumption of the phantom composition.This paper also presents how to describe the fiber orientation distribution and tissue anisotropy according to three parameters derived from the polarization imaging.展开更多
Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has...Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has been widely used in a technique known as absolute asymmetric synthesis,because a product enriched in one enantiomer is formed from racemic precursor molecules without the intervention of a chiral catalyst.In this review,we retrospect the historical research of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis,including chiral organic molecules,helical polymers,supramolecular assemblies,noble metal nanostructures.However,based on these results,we concluded that the chiral photon-matter interaction is very faint due to the arrangement of molecular bonds giving rise to chiral features,is over a smaller distance than the helical pitch of CPL,leading extremely small enantiomeric excess for product.Therefore,we highlight the recently emerged technology called superchiral field,in which the superchiral far-field and near-field could enhance the dissymmetry of optical field and near-field,respectively.In sum,we hope this review could bring some enlightenment to researchers and further improve the enantioselectivity of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis.展开更多
In this paper,two ways of micro structural characterization,optical microscopy(OM) and polarized light microscopy(PLM),were both employed to describe the micro structure of semisolid slurry prepared by swirling enthal...In this paper,two ways of micro structural characterization,optical microscopy(OM) and polarized light microscopy(PLM),were both employed to describe the micro structure of semisolid slurry prepared by swirling enthalpy equilibration device(SEED).The results show that PLM is more reliable and accurate than OM to describe the special morphology feature of semisolid slurry made by SEED process.Meanwhile,the effects of pouring temperature and mass of molten liquid on the primary α-Al particle size and morphology were also investigated using PLM.The quantitative metallographic results measured from PLM demonstrate that the grain size and morphology and their distribution are significantly affected by both pouring temperature and the mass of molten liquid.The grain size poured with 2.7 kg liquid decreases from 659 to186 μm,and grain morphology transforms from dendrite to globular structure with pouring temperature reducing from690 to 630℃.The decreasing pouring temperature also promotes the distribution of spherical structure on the cross section.Meanwhile,the mass of molten liquid decreasing from 2.7 to 2.3 kg can decrease the grain size by maximum of 44% at high pouring temperature.展开更多
This paper proposes an artificial neural network to determine orientation using polarized skylight. This neural network has specific dilated convolution, which can extract light intensity information of different pola...This paper proposes an artificial neural network to determine orientation using polarized skylight. This neural network has specific dilated convolution, which can extract light intensity information of different polarization directions. Then, the degree of polarization (DOP) and angle of polarization (AOP) are directly extracted in the network. In addition, the exponential function encoding of orientation is designed as the network output, which can better reflect the insect’s encoding of polarization information and improve the accuracy of orientation determination. Finally, training and testing were conducted on a public polarized skylight navigation dataset, and the experimental results proved the stability and effectiveness of the network.展开更多
The impact of the illumination with white linearly polarized light (WLPL) of two commercially available cellulases from Trichoderma reesei on their activity in hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose was studied. Enz...The impact of the illumination with white linearly polarized light (WLPL) of two commercially available cellulases from Trichoderma reesei on their activity in hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose was studied. Enzymes were illuminated with WLPL for 60 min and 120 min and for each native and illuminated enzyme sample specific activity and kinetics of enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose were established. Molecular weight Mw and radii if gyration Rg of protein chains of native and illuminated enzymes were measured by means of high pressure size exclu-sion chromatography coupled with multiangle laser light scattering and refractometric detectors (HPSEC-MALLS-RI). Conformations of protein chains of native and illuminated enzymes were evaluated on the basis of their circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Additionally, molecular weight Mw and radii of gyration Rg of polysaccharide chains of microcrystalline cellulose native and digested for 10 min, 480 min and 1440 min with original and WLPL stimulated enzymes WT and TR were taken. Illumination with WLPL of both cellulases studied did not change secondary structures of protein molecules of native enzyme. Molecular weight Mw and radii of gyration Rg of illuminated enzymes differed greatly from those found for native enzymes. Illumination of enzymes led to increase of specific activity and rate constants of reaction of hydrolysis microcrystalline cellulose catalyzed by illuminated enzymes as compared with native enzymes.展开更多
Autonomous navigation is a key technology for unmanned motion platforms to perform their tasks smoothly.The current approaches for daytime polarization navigation have been extensively researched.However,the polarizat...Autonomous navigation is a key technology for unmanned motion platforms to perform their tasks smoothly.The current approaches for daytime polarization navigation have been extensively researched.However,the polarization light intensity is the fundamental information within the polarization image,and the light intensity at night is 6-8 orders of magnitude lower than that during the day,which increase the noise and the loss of local polarization information due to occlusion,resulting in a significant decrease in the polarization orientation accuracy.Aimed at the problem,a bio-inspired model is introduced to denoise and enhance weak nighttime polarization patterns.Further,to address the issue of outlier interference in the occluded environment during practical application,a fast-fitting method of the solar meridian based on the anti-symmetric distribution of the polarization angle adjusted by Proportional and Differential(PD)control is proposed.The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper achieves a dynamic orientation error Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)of 0.7°in the weak polarization mode at night and in the presence of local occlusion.The proposed method has strong robustness under weak polarization occlusion at night,and the orientation accuracy is improved by 97%and 80%in comparison to the least squares method,which provides a new method for polarization navigation at night.This effectively improves the robustness and environmental applicability of the bionic polarization compass for nighttime applications.展开更多
The phase time of p-polarized light pulses passing through a glass plate is investigated. We do this by converting the problem into a l-dimensional quantum-mechanical counterpart, a potential well with a position-depe...The phase time of p-polarized light pulses passing through a glass plate is investigated. We do this by converting the problem into a l-dimensional quantum-mechanical counterpart, a potential well with a position-dependent effective mass. We find that the phase time and the lateral shift have the negative characteristics.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2020YFA0711200,2022YFB4701301)in part by the Defense Industrial Technology Development Program,China(No.JCKY2021601B016)+1 种基金in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.YWF-23-JC-07)in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62425302)。
文摘Nighttime navigation faces challenges from limited data and interference,especially when satellite signals are unavailable.Leveraging lunar polarized light,polarization navigation offers a promising solution for nighttime autonomous navigation.Current algorithms,however,are limited by the requirement for known horizontal attitudes,restricting applications.This study introduces an autonomous 3-D attitude determination method to overcome this limitation.Our approach utilizes the Angle of Polarization(AOP)at night to extract neutral points from the AOP pattern.This allows for the calculation of polarization meridian plane information for attitude determination.Subsequently,we present an optimized Polarization TRIAD(Pol-TRIAD)algorithm to acquire the 3-D attitude.The proposed method outperforms the existing approaches in outdoor experiments by achieving lower Root Mean Square Error(RMSE).For one baseline attitude,it improves pitch by 31.7%,roll by 21.7%,and yaw by 2.6%,while for the attitude with a larger tilt angle,the improvements are 64.4%,30.4%,and 9.1%,respectively.
文摘The high mortality rates of colon and rectal tumors have put forward an urgent need for rapid, sensitive, and accurate diagnosis. The polarization imaging technology, with the advantages of noninvasiveness, noncontact, quantification, rapidity, and high sensitivity, is expected to be used for auxiliary diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Herein, the differences in colorectal tissues of four pathological types were studied using this powerful technology. Polarized light imaging combined with the Mueller matrix decomposition (MMPD) method was applied to extract structural features that may be related to colorectal tumors. It demonstrated that parameters δ and θ could reflect the structural differences of colorectal tumors. Preliminary simulated experiment results revealed that the parameter δ was related to the fiber density, and the parameter θ was related to the fiber angle. Then Tamura image texture analysis was used to quantitatively describe tissues of different pathological types, and the results showed that the coarseness, contrast, directionality, and roughness of the four groups were statistically different. Texture analysis based on the quantitative data of the four dimensions could be applied for the identification of benign and malignant colorectal tumors.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture on pain management following vertebroplasty. METHODS:A total of 120 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by vertebroplasty at our hospital were divided into four groups. The control group received non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the Treatment Group Ⅰ received acupuncture alone, Treatment Group Ⅱ was treated with medicated wine for warming meridians alongside polarized light physiotherapy, and Treatment Group Ⅲ received a combination of medicated wine for warming meridians, polarized light therapy, and acupuncture. The clinical efficacy, pain thresholds at various time points, temperature pain threshold, electric pain threshold, quality of life, sleep quality index, lumbar dysfunction index, visual analog scale(VAS) scores, and incidence of adverse reactions were compared and analyzed across the four groups. RESULTS:The total clinical effective rate in Treatment Group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). At 24 and 72 h post-treatment, the VAS scores, temperature pain thresholds, and electric pain thresholds in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than those in the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ(P < 0.05). Additionally, quality-of-life scores in Treatment Group Ⅲ were markedly higher compared to the control group, Treatment Group Ⅰ, and Treatment Group Ⅱ, while the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, Oswestry Disability Index scores, and incidence of adverse reactions in Treatment Group Ⅲ were significantly lower than in the other groups(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:The external application of warm meridian medicated wine and polarized light therapy combined with acupuncture significantly reduces postoperative pain following vertebroplasty, enhances lumbar function, and improves both sleep quality and overall quality of life for patients. This approach is recommended for clinical application.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFC3401100 and 2022YFF0712500)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(Grant No.2020B0301030009)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12204017,12004012,12004013,12041602,91750203,91850111,and 92150301)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M680220 and 2020M680230)the Clinical Medicine Plus X-Young Scholars Project,Peking University,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Due to its broken out-of-plane symmetry,z-cut periodically poled lithium niobate(PPLN)has exhibited ultrahigh second-order optical nonlinearity.Precise quantification of the domain structure of z-cut PPLN plays a critical role during poling fabrication.To enhance the imaging detection efficiency of the domain structure in z-cut PPLN,we have developed a second-harmonic generation microscope system specifically designed to produce a longitudinal electric field in foci for the imaging domain inversion.We demonstrated that imaging using a longitudinal electric field can achieve a contrast ratio enhancement by a factor of 1.77,showing high imaging efficiency and making the proposed method suitable for in situ monitoring of the z-cut PPLN poling process.
基金supported by the Science Center of the National Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52088101)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2023YFA1406400,2021YFA1400300,and 2023YFA1607403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.T2394472 and T2394470).
文摘The two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)formed at the interface between two oxide insulators provides new opportunities for electronics and spintronics.The broken inversion symmetry at the heterointerface results in a Rashba spin-orbit coupling(RSOC)effect that enables the conversion between spin and charge currents.However,conducting oxide interfaces that simultaneously exhibit strong RSOC and high carrier mobility-a combination query for achieving high spin-to-charge inter-conversion efficiencies-remain scarce.Herein,we report a correlated 2DEG with giant Rashba splitting and high electron mobility in(111)-oriented EuTiO_(3)/KTaO_(3)(ETO/KTO)heterostructures under light illumination.Upon light modulation,a unique carrier-dependent giant anomalous Hall effect,the signature of spin-polarized 2DEG,emerges with a sign crossover at a carrier density of approximately 5.0×10^(13)cm^(-2),highlighting dramatic changes in the band topology of KTO(111)interface.Furthermore,at 2 K,the carrier mobility is enhanced from 103 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1)to 1800 cm^(2)·V^(-1)·s^(-1),a remarkable enhancement of approximately 20 times.Accompanying with a giant Rashba coefficient αR up to 360meV·˚A,this high mobility ferromagnetic 5d oxide 2DEG is predicted to achieve a giant spin-to-charge conversion efficiency ofλ~10 nm,showing great potential for designing low-power spin-orbitronic devices.
基金financially the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51902136)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP12003,JUSRP622026)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20211236)。
文摘For decades,chiral nanomaterials have been extensively studied because of their extraordinary properties.Chiral nanostructures have attracted a lot of interest because of their potential applications including biosensing,asymmetric catalysis,optical devices,and negative index materials.Circularly polarized light(CPL)is the most attractive source for chirality owing to its high availability,and now it has been used as a chiral source for the preparation of chiral matter.In this review,the recent progress in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is summarized.Firstly,the recent advancements in the fabrication of chiral materials using circularly polarized light are described,focusing on the unique strategies.Secondly,an overview of the potential applications of chiral nanomaterials driven by CPL is provided,with a particular emphasis on biosensing,catalysis,and phototherapy.Finally,a perspective on the challenges in the field of CPL-enabled chiral nanomaterials is given.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61705065)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2017JJ3034)+1 种基金Technology Program of Changsha(No.kq1804001)National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for undergraduates(No.S201910532166).
文摘Circularly polarized light(CPL)has been given great attention because of its extensive application.While several devices for CPL detection have been studied,their performance is affected by the magnitude of photocurrent.In this paper,a self-powered photodetector based on hot electrons in chiral metamaterials is proposed and optimized.CPL can be distinguished by the direction of photocurrent without external bias owing to the interdigital electrodes with asymmetric chiral metamaterials.Distinguished by the direction of photocurrent,the device can easily detect the rotation direction of the CPL electric field,even if it only has a very weak responsivity.The responsivity of the proposed detector is near 1.9 mA/W at the wavelength of 1322 nm,which is enough to distinguish CPL.The detector we proposed has the potential for application in optical communication.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61575139,61605136,51602213 and 11604236)the Youth Foundation of the Taiyuan University of Technology(No.2015QN066)
文摘Based on the vector diffraction theory, a super-resolution longitudinally polarized optical needle with ultra-long depth of focus(DOF) is generated by tightly focusing a radially polarized beam that is modulated by a self-designed ternary hybrid(phase/amplitude) filter(THF). Both the phase and the amplitude patterns of THF are judiciously optimized by the versatile particle swarm optimization(PSO) searching algorithm. For the focusing configuration with a combination of a high numerical aperture(NA) and the optimized sine-shaped THFs, an optical needle with the full width at half maximum(FWHM) of 0.414λ and the DOF of 7.58λ is accessed, which corresponds to an aspect ratio of 18.3. The demonstrated longitudinally polarized super-resolution light needle with high aspect ratio opens up broad applications in high-density optical data storage, nano-photolithography, super-resolution imaging and high-efficiency particle trapping.
文摘Sensory drive, the concept that sensory systems primarily evolve under the influence of environmen tal features and that animal signals are evolutionarily shaped and tuned by these previously existing sensory systems, has been thoroughly studied regarding visual signals across many animals. Much of this work has focused on spectral aspects of vision and signals. Here, I review work on polarized light signals of animals and relate these to what is known of polarization visual systems, polarized light aspects of visual scenes, and polarizationrelated behavior （e.g., orientation, habitatfinding, contrast enhancement）. Other than the broad patterns of scattered polarized light in the sky, most po larization in both terrestrial and aquatic environments results from either reflection or scattering in the horizontal plane. With overhead illumination, horizontal features such as the surfaces of many leaves or of air： water interfaces reflect horizontal polarization, and water scatters horizontally polar ized light under most conditions. Several animal species have been demonstrated to use horizontally polarized light fields or features in critical aspects of their biology. Significantly, most biological sig nals are also horizontally polarized. Here, I present relevant polarizationrelated behavior and discuss the hypothesis that sensory drive has evolutionarily influenced the structure of polarization signals. The paper also considers the evolutionary origin of circular polarization vision and circularly polar ized signals. It appears that this class of signals did not evolve under the influence of sensory drive. The study of signals based on polarized light is becoming a mature field of research.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61973281)The Innovative Research Group Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51821003)+4 种基金the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2018ZCU0002)the Program for the Top Young Academic Leaders of Higher Learning Institutions of ShanxiShanxi Postgraduate Innovation Project,China(No.2020BY102)the Young Academic Leaders Foundation in North University of Chinathe Fund for Shanxi‘‘1331 Project”Key Subjects Construction。
文摘In recent years, the bionic polarized light compass has been widely studied for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. However, it is found from the obtained investigation results that a polarized light compass with a sensitive and high dynamic range polarimeter still provides inferior output precision of the heading angle due to the presence of the noise generating from the compass.The noise is existed not only in the angle of the polarization image acquired by polarimeters but also in the output heading data, which leads to a sharp reduction in the accuracy of a polarized light compass. Herein, we present noise analysis and a novel multiscale transform denoising method of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation. Specifically, a multiscale principle component analysis utilizing one-dimensional image entropy as classification criterion is directly implemented to suppress the noise in the acquired polarization image. Subsequently, a multiscale time–frequency peak filtering method using the sample entropy as classification criterion is applied for the output heading data so as to further increase the heading measurement accuracy from the denoised image above. These two approaches are combined to significantly reduce the heading error affected by different types of noises. Our experimental results indicate the proposed multiscale transform denoising method exhibits high performance in suppressing the noise of a polarized light compass used for the unmanned aerial vehicle navigation compared to existing prior arts.
基金supported by the Key Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou Polytechnic(No.WZY2025010).
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic,caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus,has triggered a global health crisis,necessitating accurate predictive models to forecast disease severity and aid in clinical decision-making.This study introduces an innovative machine learning approach,the bDWPLO-FKNN model,designed to predict the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia in patients.The model incorporates the Differential Weibull Polar Lights Optimizer(DWPLO),an enhancement of the Polar Lights Optimizer(PLO)with the differential evolution operator and the Weibull flight operator,to perform effective feature selection.The DWPLO’s performance was rigorously tested against IEEE CEC 2017 benchmark functions,demonstrating its robust optimization capabilities.The binary version of DWPLO(bDWPLO)was then integrated with the Fuzzy K-Nearest Neighbors(FKNN)algorithm to form the predictive model.Using a dataset from the People’s Hospital Affiliated with Ningbo University,the model was trained to identify patients at risk of developing severe pneumonia due to COVID-19.The bDWPLO-FKNN model exhibited exceptional predictive accuracy,with an accuracy of 84.036% and a specificity of 88.564%.The analysis revealed key predictors,including albumin,albumin to globulin ratio,lactate dehydrogenase,urea nitrogen,gamma-glutamyl transferase,and inorganic phosphorus,which were significantly associated with disease severity.The integration of DWPLO with FKNN not only enhances feature selection but also bolsters the model’s predictive power,providing a valuable tool for clinicians to assess patient risk and allocate healthcare resources effectively during the COVID-19 pandemic.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 11404142the Youth Teacher Foundation of Huaiyin Institute of Technology under Grant No 2717577
文摘We theoretically study the spin transport through a two-terminal quantum dot device under the influence of a symmetric spin bias and circularly polarized light. It is found that the combination of the circularly polarized light and the applied spin bias can result in a net charge current. The resultant charge current is large enough to be measured when properly choosing the system parameters. The resultant charge current can be used to deduce the spin bias due to the fact that there exists a simple linear relation between them. When the external circuit is open, a charge bias instead of a charge current can be induced, which is also measurable by present technologies. These findings indicate a new approach to detect the spin bias by using circularly polarized light.
文摘It is shown that the deflection of star light passing by the Sun, which is allegedly explainable only by general relativity, can be understood quantitatively as a quasi-classical effect of light refraction in the vacuum polarized by the Sun's gravitational field. The theory of the dielectric polarization of the vacuum proposed pre- viously is further developed for the corresponding effect of the polarization of the vacuum in a gravitational field. The resulting refractive index of the vacuum in the presence of a gravitational field gives for the deflection of light by the Sun an angle |0| = 1.77', which is in good agreement with the experimental observations and the result of general relativity. From the theory Presented, it can also be deduced that the velocity of a horizontal light beam at 1000 km above ground level of the Earth has a velocity deficit - c= 5.73 cm / s in comparison to the light velocity on the ground.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant 60578003)Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant 2006CB70570),China.
文摘We investigate the propagation of polarized light in fibrous tissues such as muscle and skin.The myofibrils and collagen fibers are approximated as long cylinders and the tissue phantom is composed of spherical and cylindrical structures.We apply Monte Carlo method based on this phantom to simulate and analyze polarization imaging process of muscle.The good agreement between the simulation results and the experimental results validate the assumption of the phantom composition.This paper also presents how to describe the fiber orientation distribution and tissue anisotropy according to three parameters derived from the polarization imaging.
基金the support of Academic promotion program of Shandong First Medical University(No.2019LJ003)。
文摘Circularly polarized light(CPL)is an inherently chiral entity and is regarded as one of the possible deterministic signals that led to the evolution of homochirality in earth.Thus,CPL as an external physical field has been widely used in a technique known as absolute asymmetric synthesis,because a product enriched in one enantiomer is formed from racemic precursor molecules without the intervention of a chiral catalyst.In this review,we retrospect the historical research of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis,including chiral organic molecules,helical polymers,supramolecular assemblies,noble metal nanostructures.However,based on these results,we concluded that the chiral photon-matter interaction is very faint due to the arrangement of molecular bonds giving rise to chiral features,is over a smaller distance than the helical pitch of CPL,leading extremely small enantiomeric excess for product.Therefore,we highlight the recently emerged technology called superchiral field,in which the superchiral far-field and near-field could enhance the dissymmetry of optical field and near-field,respectively.In sum,we hope this review could bring some enlightenment to researchers and further improve the enantioselectivity of CPL-induced absolute asymmetric synthesis.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFB0301003)the Shenzhen Free Exploring Basic Research Project (No. JCYJ20170307110223452)。
文摘In this paper,two ways of micro structural characterization,optical microscopy(OM) and polarized light microscopy(PLM),were both employed to describe the micro structure of semisolid slurry prepared by swirling enthalpy equilibration device(SEED).The results show that PLM is more reliable and accurate than OM to describe the special morphology feature of semisolid slurry made by SEED process.Meanwhile,the effects of pouring temperature and mass of molten liquid on the primary α-Al particle size and morphology were also investigated using PLM.The quantitative metallographic results measured from PLM demonstrate that the grain size and morphology and their distribution are significantly affected by both pouring temperature and the mass of molten liquid.The grain size poured with 2.7 kg liquid decreases from 659 to186 μm,and grain morphology transforms from dendrite to globular structure with pouring temperature reducing from690 to 630℃.The decreasing pouring temperature also promotes the distribution of spherical structure on the cross section.Meanwhile,the mass of molten liquid decreasing from 2.7 to 2.3 kg can decrease the grain size by maximum of 44% at high pouring temperature.
基金Funding was provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021ZD0200300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(U2031138).
文摘This paper proposes an artificial neural network to determine orientation using polarized skylight. This neural network has specific dilated convolution, which can extract light intensity information of different polarization directions. Then, the degree of polarization (DOP) and angle of polarization (AOP) are directly extracted in the network. In addition, the exponential function encoding of orientation is designed as the network output, which can better reflect the insect’s encoding of polarization information and improve the accuracy of orientation determination. Finally, training and testing were conducted on a public polarized skylight navigation dataset, and the experimental results proved the stability and effectiveness of the network.
文摘The impact of the illumination with white linearly polarized light (WLPL) of two commercially available cellulases from Trichoderma reesei on their activity in hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose was studied. Enzymes were illuminated with WLPL for 60 min and 120 min and for each native and illuminated enzyme sample specific activity and kinetics of enzyme catalyzed hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose were established. Molecular weight Mw and radii if gyration Rg of protein chains of native and illuminated enzymes were measured by means of high pressure size exclu-sion chromatography coupled with multiangle laser light scattering and refractometric detectors (HPSEC-MALLS-RI). Conformations of protein chains of native and illuminated enzymes were evaluated on the basis of their circular dichroism (CD) spectra. Additionally, molecular weight Mw and radii of gyration Rg of polysaccharide chains of microcrystalline cellulose native and digested for 10 min, 480 min and 1440 min with original and WLPL stimulated enzymes WT and TR were taken. Illumination with WLPL of both cellulases studied did not change secondary structures of protein molecules of native enzyme. Molecular weight Mw and radii of gyration Rg of illuminated enzymes differed greatly from those found for native enzymes. Illumination of enzymes led to increase of specific activity and rate constants of reaction of hydrolysis microcrystalline cellulose catalyzed by illuminated enzymes as compared with native enzymes.
基金co-supported by the Excellent Youth Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(No.202103021222011)the Key Research and Development project of Shanxi Province of China(No.202202020101002)+3 种基金the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province of China(No.202303021211150)the Aviation Science Foundation of China(No.2022Z0220U0002)the Graduate Education Innovation Plan Project of Shanxi Province,China(No.2023KY588)the Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Sensing and Precision Measurement,China(No.201905D121001).
文摘Autonomous navigation is a key technology for unmanned motion platforms to perform their tasks smoothly.The current approaches for daytime polarization navigation have been extensively researched.However,the polarization light intensity is the fundamental information within the polarization image,and the light intensity at night is 6-8 orders of magnitude lower than that during the day,which increase the noise and the loss of local polarization information due to occlusion,resulting in a significant decrease in the polarization orientation accuracy.Aimed at the problem,a bio-inspired model is introduced to denoise and enhance weak nighttime polarization patterns.Further,to address the issue of outlier interference in the occluded environment during practical application,a fast-fitting method of the solar meridian based on the anti-symmetric distribution of the polarization angle adjusted by Proportional and Differential(PD)control is proposed.The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper achieves a dynamic orientation error Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)of 0.7°in the weak polarization mode at night and in the presence of local occlusion.The proposed method has strong robustness under weak polarization occlusion at night,and the orientation accuracy is improved by 97%and 80%in comparison to the least squares method,which provides a new method for polarization navigation at night.This effectively improves the robustness and environmental applicability of the bionic polarization compass for nighttime applications.
文摘The phase time of p-polarized light pulses passing through a glass plate is investigated. We do this by converting the problem into a l-dimensional quantum-mechanical counterpart, a potential well with a position-dependent effective mass. We find that the phase time and the lateral shift have the negative characteristics.
