Play is a pleasurable physical or mental activity that enhances the child’s skills involving negotiation abilities,problem-solving,manual dexterity,sharing,decision-making,and working in a group.Play affects all the ...Play is a pleasurable physical or mental activity that enhances the child’s skills involving negotiation abilities,problem-solving,manual dexterity,sharing,decision-making,and working in a group.Play affects all the brain's areas,structures,and functions.Children with autism have adaptive behavior,adaptive response,and social interaction limitations.This review explores the different applications of play therapy in helping children with autism disorder.Play is usually significantly impaired in children with autism.Play therapy is mainly intended to help children to honor their unique mental abilities and developmental levels.The main aim of play therapy is to prevent or solve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal child-healthy growth and development.Play therapy helps children with autism to engage in play activities of their interest and choice to express themselves in the most comfortable ways.It changes their way of self-expression from unwanted behaviors to more non-injurious expressive behavior using toys or activities of their choice as their words.Play therapy also helps those children to experience feeling out various interaction styles.Every child with autism is unique and responds differently.Therefore,different types of intervention,like play therapy,could fit the differences in children with autism.Proper evaluation of the child is mandatory to evaluate which type fits the child more than the others.This narrative review revised the different types of play therapy that could fit children with autism in an evidence-based way.Despite weak evidence,play therapy still has potential benefits for patients and their families.展开更多
This study explores the impact of playful work design on employee creativity through flow,as well as the moderating role of playful climate in this relationship.We collected data from 272 employees across various indu...This study explores the impact of playful work design on employee creativity through flow,as well as the moderating role of playful climate in this relationship.We collected data from 272 employees across various industries in China(47.2%from the service industry;61.8%female;63.6%aged 26–40 years).Participants completed measures of playful work design,flow,playful climate,and creativity.Through hierarchical regression and bootstrapping analyses,the results indicate that:(a)playful work design is positively associated with creativity;(b)flow mediates this relationship;and(c)playful climate strengthens the link between playful work design and flow,thereby enhancing employee creativity.These findings support work flow theory by demonstrating that playful work design satisfies employees’basic psychological needs,stimulates intrinsic motivation,and ultimately induces flow to enhance creativity.For practical implications,managers should prioritize employees’work experience,monitor their flow states,and foster a playful climate.展开更多
Operating under the philosophy that play is a child's right,Anthill Creations,a non‑profit run by Pooja Rai,has so far built 283 different play spaces using almost entirely painted tires,featuring large tire sculp...Operating under the philosophy that play is a child's right,Anthill Creations,a non‑profit run by Pooja Rai,has so far built 283 different play spaces using almost entirely painted tires,featuring large tire sculptures of cars,buildings or animals,paired with more classic elements of swings,see‑saws and jungle gyms.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrative educational intervention-combining hospital-based schooling programs,child-centered communication,and therapeutic play-on clinical,psychosocia...Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrative educational intervention-combining hospital-based schooling programs,child-centered communication,and therapeutic play-on clinical,psychosocial,and educational outcomes among school-aged children with cancer.Materials and Methods:A quasi-experimental pre-and post-test control group design was conducted at the pediatric oncology unit of Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari,Surabaya,Indonesia.Fifty-two hospitalized children aged 6-18 years were randomly assigned to an intervention group(n=26)or a control group(n=26).The intervention lasted 1 month and integrated hospital-based lessons aligned with the national curriculum,therapeutic play,and developmentally appropriate communication by trained staff.Outcomes included pain intensity(Wong-Baker FACES Scale),treatment adherence,quality of life(Pediatric Cancer Quality of Life-32[PCQL-32]),anxiety(Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale),and literacy-numeracy performance.Data were analyzed using paired t-tests,ANCOVA,and Cohen’s d,with significance set at P<0.05.Results:Compared with controls,the intervention group showed significant improvements in pain reduction(P<0.001),treatment adherence(P<0.001),and quality of life across all PCQL-32 domains(P<0.001).Anxiety levels decreased significantly(P<0.001),and academic performance in literacy and numeracy improved markedly(P<0.001).Conclusion:The integrative educational intervention effectively enhanced clinical recovery,psychosocial well-being,and academic continuity among hospitalized children with cancer,emphasizing the need to integrate hospital-based education and play-based communication into pediatric oncology care.展开更多
Popular Chinese Plays Translated by Harold Acton Edited and proofread by Guan Xingzhong Hardcover,689 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press.Harold Acton(1904-1994)is an Italian-born British writer and legendary a...Popular Chinese Plays Translated by Harold Acton Edited and proofread by Guan Xingzhong Hardcover,689 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press.Harold Acton(1904-1994)is an Italian-born British writer and legendary aesthete,or a lover of beauty,who had lived for seven years in Beijing in the 1930s and wrote several works about Chinese theatre and poetry.He believes in the idea that true culture is universal.展开更多
Synthetic antioxidants(SAs)are additives used to inhibit the oxidative degradation of materials.Due to their potential toxicity to humans,studies on identifying human exposure pathways of SAs are important.Herein,a br...Synthetic antioxidants(SAs)are additives used to inhibit the oxidative degradation of materials.Due to their potential toxicity to humans,studies on identifying human exposure pathways of SAs are important.Herein,a broad range of SAs were analyzed in hand wipe samples collected before and after basketball,with 37 SAs detected.Playing basketball significantly increases the concentration of SAs in human hands,with a median concentration ofΣSAs increased from 629 ng/wipe before playing basketball to 1.51×103 ng/wipe after playing basketball(p<0.05).Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate(AO168O)was the predominant chemical,with the median concentration enhanced from 310 to 767 ng/wipe.The estimated daily exposure via the dermal exposure pathway of SAs was assessed to be 19.6 ng/kg bw/day after basketball,indicating minimal risks.Handwashing experiments demonstrated that most SAs can be removed from hands with tap water(removal efficiency:19.4−34.0%)and liquid soap(removal efficiency:32.3−81.8%)(p<0.05),while the removal efficiency of AO168O was low,contributing to its high residual levels in human hands.This is the first study to elucidate the dermal exposure to SAs via playing basketball,further indicating the importance of washing hands to reduce SA exposure.展开更多
Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant...Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant lithofacies distribution,particularly the favorable areas for high-quality reservoirs,remains to be determined.In this paper,the Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui faulted depression,Songliao Basin is taken as an example to carry out the multi-scale joint characterization of its pore throat structure,establish a reservoir evaluation standard that considers both the gas content and seepage capacity,and perform reservoir evaluation and play fairway mapping under facies control.The results show that the storage space types of the gas-bearing reservoirs in the faulted depression can be ascribed into three categories and six subcategories according to the pore throat and pore characteristics.In terms of pore sizes,volcaniclastic lava rank the first,followed by volcaniclastic rocks,sedimentary volcaniclastic rocks and volcanic lava.The comprehensive evaluation parameter(Φ·K·Sg,whereΦis porosity,K permeability,and Sggas saturation)of high-quality reservoirs are all greater than 0.1.The volcanic reservoirs in the Stage-III strata are the highest in quality and largest in area of play fairways.The thermal debris flow sub-facies developed at Stage III are mainly seen along the western strike-slip fault zone in the Debei sub-sag and the southwest Nong'an tectonic belt,while those developed at Stage I are distributed along the central and eastern fault zones in the southeastern Baojia sub-sag.The favorable layer evaluation and favorable area delineation under facies control will be of certain reference significance for subsequent exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs.展开更多
The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transform...The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transforms mechanical stimuli into biological signals,influencing alveolar bone remodeling.Recent research has delved deeper into the biological and mechanical aspects of PDL,emphasizing the importance of understanding its structure and mechanical properties comprehensively.This review focuses on the latest findings concerning both macro-and micro-structural aspects of the PDL,highlighting its mechanical characteristics and factors that influence them.Moreover,it explores the mechanotransduction mechanisms of PDL cells under mechanical forces.Structure-mechanics-mechanotransduction interplay in PDL has been integrated ultimately.By providing an up-to-date overview of our understanding on PDL at various scales,this study lays the foundation for further exploration into PDL-related biomechanics and mechanobiology.展开更多
Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnosti...Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnostic requirements.In this paper,we propose a novel single-image super-resolution algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution of gamma-ray imaging systems.A mathematical model of the gamma-ray imaging system is established based on maximum a posteriori estimation.Within the plug-and-play framework,the half-quadratic splitting method is employed to decouple the data fidelit term and the regularization term.An image denoiser using convolutional neural networks is adopted as an implicit image prior,referred to as a deep denoiser prior,eliminating the need to explicitly design a regularization term.Furthermore,the impact of the image boundary condition on reconstruction results is considered,and a method for estimating image boundaries is introduced.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively addresses boundary artifacts.By increasing the pixel number of the reconstructed images,the proposed algorithm is capable of recovering more details.Notably,in both simulation and real experiments,the proposed algorithm is demonstrated to achieve subpixel resolution,surpassing the Nyquist sampling limit determined by the camera pixel size.展开更多
引言小学二年级学生处于英语学习的启蒙关键时期,这个阶段的学生注意力持续时间比较短,如果传授枯燥的语言知识,他们容易产生抵触情绪。沪教版小学二年级英语Unit 4“Playing sports”第一课时从儿歌“Let's play sports”入手,重...引言小学二年级学生处于英语学习的启蒙关键时期,这个阶段的学生注意力持续时间比较短,如果传授枯燥的语言知识,他们容易产生抵触情绪。沪教版小学二年级英语Unit 4“Playing sports”第一课时从儿歌“Let's play sports”入手,重点放在“run”“jump”等运动词汇,以及“Here we go.”“Do our best.”这些励志句型的教学上,目的在于让学生在轻松愉悦的环境中感受语言并运用语言。展开更多
Play behaviors and signals during playful interactions with juvenile conspecifics are important for both the social and cognitive development of young animals. The social organization of a species can also influence j...Play behaviors and signals during playful interactions with juvenile conspecifics are important for both the social and cognitive development of young animals. The social organization of a species can also influence juvenile social play. We examined the relationships among play behaviors, candidate play signals, and play bout termination in Tibetan macaques （Macaca thibetana） during juvenile and infant social play to characterize the species play style. As Tibetan macaques are despotic and live in groups with strict linear dominance hierarchies and infrequent reconciliation, we predicted that play would be at risk of misinterpretation by both the individuals engaged in the play bout and by those watching, possibly leading to injury of the players. Animals living in such societies might need to frequently and clearly signal playful intent to play partners and other group members to avoid aggressive outcomes. We gathered video data on 21 individually-identified juvenile and infant macaques （one month to five years of age） from the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, Mt. Huangshan, China. We used all-occurrence sampling to record play behaviors and candidate play signals based on an ethogram. We predicted that play groups would use multiple candidate play signals in a variety of contexts and in association with the number of audience members in proximity to the players and play bout length. In the 283 playful interactions we scored,juvenile and infant macaques used multiple body and facial candidate play signals. Our data showed that juvenile and infant Tibetan macaques use a versatile repertoire of play behaviors and signals to sustain play展开更多
Game player modeling is a paradigm of computational models to exploit players’behavior and experience using game and player analytics.Player modeling refers to descriptions of players based on frameworks of data deri...Game player modeling is a paradigm of computational models to exploit players’behavior and experience using game and player analytics.Player modeling refers to descriptions of players based on frameworks of data derived from the interaction of a player’s behavior within the game as well as the player’s experience with the game.Player behavior focuses on dynamic and static information gathered at the time of gameplay.Player experience concerns the association of the human player during gameplay,which is based on cognitive and affective physiological measurements collected from sensors mounted on the player’s body or in the player’s surroundings.In this paper,player experience modeling is studied based on the board puzzle game“Candy Crush Saga”using cognitive data of players accessed by physiological and peripheral devices.Long Short-Term Memory-based Deep Neural Network(LSTM-DNN)is used to predict players’effective states in terms of valence,arousal,dominance,and liking by employing the concept of transfer learning.Transfer learning focuses on gaining knowledge while solving one problem and using the same knowledge to solve different but related problems.The homogeneous transfer learning approach has not been implemented in the game domain before,and this novel study opens a new research area for the game industry where the main challenge is predicting the significance of innovative games for entertainment and players’engagement.Relevant not only from a player’s point of view,it is also a benchmark study for game developers who have been facing problems of“cold start”for innovative games that strengthen the game industrial economy.展开更多
学生理解学科内容并将其转化为智能的最好方式之一,是"参与"到具体问题情境中学习,而精心设计的教育游戏可提供更加真实的"问题情境",有效增强"参与度"。本文在对Conceptual Play Spaces理论分析前提下,...学生理解学科内容并将其转化为智能的最好方式之一,是"参与"到具体问题情境中学习,而精心设计的教育游戏可提供更加真实的"问题情境",有效增强"参与度"。本文在对Conceptual Play Spaces理论分析前提下,理清教育游戏"概念性玩耍空间"的设计要素,基此提出探究式教育游戏的情境设计,促使学生沉浸于丰富的情境,并有效地参与其中,力求使学习"自然发生",实现有意义的学习。展开更多
In the present competitive society, English becomes more and more important, and how to master English becomes one popular topic for everyone. English is a communicative tool, however, traditional teaching method used...In the present competitive society, English becomes more and more important, and how to master English becomes one popular topic for everyone. English is a communicative tool, however, traditional teaching method used in English teaching is not very suitable, and the traditional teaching is very boring and inefficient. The traditional teaching does not give students a real world situation to practice their English speaking and it does not cultivate their learning interests. This phenomenon continued in the students English learning for many years, and students can not use the English to communicate in their daily life. This phenomenon appears in oral English teaching in college schools as well, In order to solve the problems, the paper firstly describes the problem of English spoken teaching in college schools in Chi na. And then it analyzes the performance of problem and the cause of problems. The aim is that we find the problem and deficiency of Eng lish spoken teaching in college schools and use Role play as an effective way to solve these problems. Moreover, how to uses the role play specifically in the spoken English teaching, So that the role play can help teacher change traditional teaching method, enhance students’ oral communication ability, cultivate the students’learning interests and improve spoken English teaching in colleges.展开更多
'Wild Play Grounds' are the wild places which can attract people to visit.And the 'Wild Play Grounds' are generally the naturally existing places with unique charm,rather than the established tourist a...'Wild Play Grounds' are the wild places which can attract people to visit.And the 'Wild Play Grounds' are generally the naturally existing places with unique charm,rather than the established tourist attractions or scenic spots.There are no formal organizations for the daily management.Both tickets and clear geographical borders can not be found here.In this research,'Carefree Travelling' is an integrated project of tourism resources in Shandong Province promoted in 2007.Because of their particular characteristics,the 'Wild Play Grounds' have a certain relationship with 'Carefree Travelling',and they are the natural resources of 'Carefree Travelling'.The development of 'Wild Play Grounds' is the further exploitation of the 'Carefree Travelling' resources as well as a better expanding of the tourist market.Relying on the 'Wild Play Grounds',it also has many advantages to develop 'Carefree Travelling',and it will bring good economic and social benefits.Local government should play an important role in developing the 'Wild Play Grounds'.展开更多
文摘Play is a pleasurable physical or mental activity that enhances the child’s skills involving negotiation abilities,problem-solving,manual dexterity,sharing,decision-making,and working in a group.Play affects all the brain's areas,structures,and functions.Children with autism have adaptive behavior,adaptive response,and social interaction limitations.This review explores the different applications of play therapy in helping children with autism disorder.Play is usually significantly impaired in children with autism.Play therapy is mainly intended to help children to honor their unique mental abilities and developmental levels.The main aim of play therapy is to prevent or solve psychosocial difficulties and achieve optimal child-healthy growth and development.Play therapy helps children with autism to engage in play activities of their interest and choice to express themselves in the most comfortable ways.It changes their way of self-expression from unwanted behaviors to more non-injurious expressive behavior using toys or activities of their choice as their words.Play therapy also helps those children to experience feeling out various interaction styles.Every child with autism is unique and responds differently.Therefore,different types of intervention,like play therapy,could fit the differences in children with autism.Proper evaluation of the child is mandatory to evaluate which type fits the child more than the others.This narrative review revised the different types of play therapy that could fit children with autism in an evidence-based way.Despite weak evidence,play therapy still has potential benefits for patients and their families.
基金funded by the scientific research project of the Education Department of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.24A0123).
文摘This study explores the impact of playful work design on employee creativity through flow,as well as the moderating role of playful climate in this relationship.We collected data from 272 employees across various industries in China(47.2%from the service industry;61.8%female;63.6%aged 26–40 years).Participants completed measures of playful work design,flow,playful climate,and creativity.Through hierarchical regression and bootstrapping analyses,the results indicate that:(a)playful work design is positively associated with creativity;(b)flow mediates this relationship;and(c)playful climate strengthens the link between playful work design and flow,thereby enhancing employee creativity.These findings support work flow theory by demonstrating that playful work design satisfies employees’basic psychological needs,stimulates intrinsic motivation,and ultimately induces flow to enhance creativity.For practical implications,managers should prioritize employees’work experience,monitor their flow states,and foster a playful climate.
文摘Operating under the philosophy that play is a child's right,Anthill Creations,a non‑profit run by Pooja Rai,has so far built 283 different play spaces using almost entirely painted tires,featuring large tire sculptures of cars,buildings or animals,paired with more classic elements of swings,see‑saws and jungle gyms.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an integrative educational intervention-combining hospital-based schooling programs,child-centered communication,and therapeutic play-on clinical,psychosocial,and educational outcomes among school-aged children with cancer.Materials and Methods:A quasi-experimental pre-and post-test control group design was conducted at the pediatric oncology unit of Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari,Surabaya,Indonesia.Fifty-two hospitalized children aged 6-18 years were randomly assigned to an intervention group(n=26)or a control group(n=26).The intervention lasted 1 month and integrated hospital-based lessons aligned with the national curriculum,therapeutic play,and developmentally appropriate communication by trained staff.Outcomes included pain intensity(Wong-Baker FACES Scale),treatment adherence,quality of life(Pediatric Cancer Quality of Life-32[PCQL-32]),anxiety(Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale),and literacy-numeracy performance.Data were analyzed using paired t-tests,ANCOVA,and Cohen’s d,with significance set at P<0.05.Results:Compared with controls,the intervention group showed significant improvements in pain reduction(P<0.001),treatment adherence(P<0.001),and quality of life across all PCQL-32 domains(P<0.001).Anxiety levels decreased significantly(P<0.001),and academic performance in literacy and numeracy improved markedly(P<0.001).Conclusion:The integrative educational intervention effectively enhanced clinical recovery,psychosocial well-being,and academic continuity among hospitalized children with cancer,emphasizing the need to integrate hospital-based education and play-based communication into pediatric oncology care.
文摘Popular Chinese Plays Translated by Harold Acton Edited and proofread by Guan Xingzhong Hardcover,689 pages Published by Foreign Languages Press.Harold Acton(1904-1994)is an Italian-born British writer and legendary aesthete,or a lover of beauty,who had lived for seven years in Beijing in the 1930s and wrote several works about Chinese theatre and poetry.He believes in the idea that true culture is universal.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22376119,22206113)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(ZR2023JQ007)Taishan Scholars Project Special Fund(No.tsqn202211039).
文摘Synthetic antioxidants(SAs)are additives used to inhibit the oxidative degradation of materials.Due to their potential toxicity to humans,studies on identifying human exposure pathways of SAs are important.Herein,a broad range of SAs were analyzed in hand wipe samples collected before and after basketball,with 37 SAs detected.Playing basketball significantly increases the concentration of SAs in human hands,with a median concentration ofΣSAs increased from 629 ng/wipe before playing basketball to 1.51×103 ng/wipe after playing basketball(p<0.05).Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphate(AO168O)was the predominant chemical,with the median concentration enhanced from 310 to 767 ng/wipe.The estimated daily exposure via the dermal exposure pathway of SAs was assessed to be 19.6 ng/kg bw/day after basketball,indicating minimal risks.Handwashing experiments demonstrated that most SAs can be removed from hands with tap water(removal efficiency:19.4−34.0%)and liquid soap(removal efficiency:32.3−81.8%)(p<0.05),while the removal efficiency of AO168O was low,contributing to its high residual levels in human hands.This is the first study to elucidate the dermal exposure to SAs via playing basketball,further indicating the importance of washing hands to reduce SA exposure.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42172145)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Provincial(No.LH2022D014)。
文摘Volcanic reservoirs demonstrate strong heterogeneity and substantial variations in productivity due to the complexity of volcanic eruption and lithology.The main types of reservoir space are not clear,and the dominant lithofacies distribution,particularly the favorable areas for high-quality reservoirs,remains to be determined.In this paper,the Huoshiling Formation in the Dehui faulted depression,Songliao Basin is taken as an example to carry out the multi-scale joint characterization of its pore throat structure,establish a reservoir evaluation standard that considers both the gas content and seepage capacity,and perform reservoir evaluation and play fairway mapping under facies control.The results show that the storage space types of the gas-bearing reservoirs in the faulted depression can be ascribed into three categories and six subcategories according to the pore throat and pore characteristics.In terms of pore sizes,volcaniclastic lava rank the first,followed by volcaniclastic rocks,sedimentary volcaniclastic rocks and volcanic lava.The comprehensive evaluation parameter(Φ·K·Sg,whereΦis porosity,K permeability,and Sggas saturation)of high-quality reservoirs are all greater than 0.1.The volcanic reservoirs in the Stage-III strata are the highest in quality and largest in area of play fairways.The thermal debris flow sub-facies developed at Stage III are mainly seen along the western strike-slip fault zone in the Debei sub-sag and the southwest Nong'an tectonic belt,while those developed at Stage I are distributed along the central and eastern fault zones in the southeastern Baojia sub-sag.The favorable layer evaluation and favorable area delineation under facies control will be of certain reference significance for subsequent exploration and development of volcanic gas reservoirs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271416)Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology program(2022YFQ0002).
文摘The periodontal ligament(PDL)plays a crucial role in transmitting and dispersing occlusal force,acting as mechanoreceptor for muscle activity during chewing,as well as mediating orthodontic tooth movement.It transforms mechanical stimuli into biological signals,influencing alveolar bone remodeling.Recent research has delved deeper into the biological and mechanical aspects of PDL,emphasizing the importance of understanding its structure and mechanical properties comprehensively.This review focuses on the latest findings concerning both macro-and micro-structural aspects of the PDL,highlighting its mechanical characteristics and factors that influence them.Moreover,it explores the mechanotransduction mechanisms of PDL cells under mechanical forces.Structure-mechanics-mechanotransduction interplay in PDL has been integrated ultimately.By providing an up-to-date overview of our understanding on PDL at various scales,this study lays the foundation for further exploration into PDL-related biomechanics and mechanobiology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12175183)。
文摘Gamma-ray imaging systems are powerful tools in radiographic diagnosis.However,the recorded images suffer from degradations such as noise,blurring,and downsampling,consequently failing to meet high-precision diagnostic requirements.In this paper,we propose a novel single-image super-resolution algorithm to enhance the spatial resolution of gamma-ray imaging systems.A mathematical model of the gamma-ray imaging system is established based on maximum a posteriori estimation.Within the plug-and-play framework,the half-quadratic splitting method is employed to decouple the data fidelit term and the regularization term.An image denoiser using convolutional neural networks is adopted as an implicit image prior,referred to as a deep denoiser prior,eliminating the need to explicitly design a regularization term.Furthermore,the impact of the image boundary condition on reconstruction results is considered,and a method for estimating image boundaries is introduced.The results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively addresses boundary artifacts.By increasing the pixel number of the reconstructed images,the proposed algorithm is capable of recovering more details.Notably,in both simulation and real experiments,the proposed algorithm is demonstrated to achieve subpixel resolution,surpassing the Nyquist sampling limit determined by the camera pixel size.
文摘引言小学二年级学生处于英语学习的启蒙关键时期,这个阶段的学生注意力持续时间比较短,如果传授枯燥的语言知识,他们容易产生抵触情绪。沪教版小学二年级英语Unit 4“Playing sports”第一课时从儿歌“Let's play sports”入手,重点放在“run”“jump”等运动词汇,以及“Here we go.”“Do our best.”这些励志句型的教学上,目的在于让学生在轻松愉悦的环境中感受语言并运用语言。
基金supported by grants from Debra and Arlen Prentice,Central Washington University School of Graduate Studies and Research,National Science Foundation(NSF)International Research Experiences for Students(IRES)(OISE1065589)National Science Foundation of China(31372215,31672307)
文摘Play behaviors and signals during playful interactions with juvenile conspecifics are important for both the social and cognitive development of young animals. The social organization of a species can also influence juvenile social play. We examined the relationships among play behaviors, candidate play signals, and play bout termination in Tibetan macaques （Macaca thibetana） during juvenile and infant social play to characterize the species play style. As Tibetan macaques are despotic and live in groups with strict linear dominance hierarchies and infrequent reconciliation, we predicted that play would be at risk of misinterpretation by both the individuals engaged in the play bout and by those watching, possibly leading to injury of the players. Animals living in such societies might need to frequently and clearly signal playful intent to play partners and other group members to avoid aggressive outcomes. We gathered video data on 21 individually-identified juvenile and infant macaques （one month to five years of age） from the Valley of the Wild Monkeys, Mt. Huangshan, China. We used all-occurrence sampling to record play behaviors and candidate play signals based on an ethogram. We predicted that play groups would use multiple candidate play signals in a variety of contexts and in association with the number of audience members in proximity to the players and play bout length. In the 283 playful interactions we scored,juvenile and infant macaques used multiple body and facial candidate play signals. Our data showed that juvenile and infant Tibetan macaques use a versatile repertoire of play behaviors and signals to sustain play
基金This study was supported by the BK21 FOUR project(AI-driven Convergence Software Education Research Program)funded by the Ministry of Education,School of Computer Science and Engineering,Kyungpook National University,Korea(4199990214394).This work was also supported by the Institute of Information&communications Technology Planning&Evaluation(IITP)grant funded by the Korea Government(MSIT)under Grant 2017-0-00053(A Technology Development of Artificial Intelligence Doctors for Cardiovascular Disease).
文摘Game player modeling is a paradigm of computational models to exploit players’behavior and experience using game and player analytics.Player modeling refers to descriptions of players based on frameworks of data derived from the interaction of a player’s behavior within the game as well as the player’s experience with the game.Player behavior focuses on dynamic and static information gathered at the time of gameplay.Player experience concerns the association of the human player during gameplay,which is based on cognitive and affective physiological measurements collected from sensors mounted on the player’s body or in the player’s surroundings.In this paper,player experience modeling is studied based on the board puzzle game“Candy Crush Saga”using cognitive data of players accessed by physiological and peripheral devices.Long Short-Term Memory-based Deep Neural Network(LSTM-DNN)is used to predict players’effective states in terms of valence,arousal,dominance,and liking by employing the concept of transfer learning.Transfer learning focuses on gaining knowledge while solving one problem and using the same knowledge to solve different but related problems.The homogeneous transfer learning approach has not been implemented in the game domain before,and this novel study opens a new research area for the game industry where the main challenge is predicting the significance of innovative games for entertainment and players’engagement.Relevant not only from a player’s point of view,it is also a benchmark study for game developers who have been facing problems of“cold start”for innovative games that strengthen the game industrial economy.
文摘学生理解学科内容并将其转化为智能的最好方式之一,是"参与"到具体问题情境中学习,而精心设计的教育游戏可提供更加真实的"问题情境",有效增强"参与度"。本文在对Conceptual Play Spaces理论分析前提下,理清教育游戏"概念性玩耍空间"的设计要素,基此提出探究式教育游戏的情境设计,促使学生沉浸于丰富的情境,并有效地参与其中,力求使学习"自然发生",实现有意义的学习。
文摘In the present competitive society, English becomes more and more important, and how to master English becomes one popular topic for everyone. English is a communicative tool, however, traditional teaching method used in English teaching is not very suitable, and the traditional teaching is very boring and inefficient. The traditional teaching does not give students a real world situation to practice their English speaking and it does not cultivate their learning interests. This phenomenon continued in the students English learning for many years, and students can not use the English to communicate in their daily life. This phenomenon appears in oral English teaching in college schools as well, In order to solve the problems, the paper firstly describes the problem of English spoken teaching in college schools in Chi na. And then it analyzes the performance of problem and the cause of problems. The aim is that we find the problem and deficiency of Eng lish spoken teaching in college schools and use Role play as an effective way to solve these problems. Moreover, how to uses the role play specifically in the spoken English teaching, So that the role play can help teacher change traditional teaching method, enhance students’ oral communication ability, cultivate the students’learning interests and improve spoken English teaching in colleges.
文摘'Wild Play Grounds' are the wild places which can attract people to visit.And the 'Wild Play Grounds' are generally the naturally existing places with unique charm,rather than the established tourist attractions or scenic spots.There are no formal organizations for the daily management.Both tickets and clear geographical borders can not be found here.In this research,'Carefree Travelling' is an integrated project of tourism resources in Shandong Province promoted in 2007.Because of their particular characteristics,the 'Wild Play Grounds' have a certain relationship with 'Carefree Travelling',and they are the natural resources of 'Carefree Travelling'.The development of 'Wild Play Grounds' is the further exploitation of the 'Carefree Travelling' resources as well as a better expanding of the tourist market.Relying on the 'Wild Play Grounds',it also has many advantages to develop 'Carefree Travelling',and it will bring good economic and social benefits.Local government should play an important role in developing the 'Wild Play Grounds'.
