Background:The channel-forming protein Pannexin1(Panx1)has been implicated in both human studies and animal models of chronic pain,but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:Wild-type(WT,n=24...Background:The channel-forming protein Pannexin1(Panx1)has been implicated in both human studies and animal models of chronic pain,but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:Wild-type(WT,n=24),global Panx1 KO(n=24),neuron-specific Panx1 KO(n=20),and glia-specific Panx1 KO(n=20)mice were used in this study at Albert Einstein College of Medicine.The von Frey test was used to quantify pain sensitivity in these mice following complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)injection(7,14,and 21 d).The qRT-PCR was employed to measure mRNA levels of Panx1,Panx2,Panx3,Cx43,Calhm1,andβ-catenin.Laser scanning confocal microscopy imaging,Sholl analysis,and electrophysiology were utilized to evaluate the impact of Panx1 on neuronal excitability and morphology in Neuro2a and dorsal root ganglion neurons(DRGNs)in which Panx1 expression or function was manipulated.Ethidium bromide(EtBr)dye uptake assay and calcium imaging were employed to investigate the role of Panx1 in adenosine triphosphate(ATP)sensitivity.β-galactosidase(β-gal)staining was applied to determine the relative cellular expression levels of Panx1 in trigeminal ganglia(TG)and DRG of transgenic mice.Results:Global or neuron-specific Panx1 deletion markedly decreased pain thresholds after CFA stimuli(7,14,and 21 d;P<0.01 vs.WT group),indicating that Panx1 was positively correlated with pain sensitivity.In Neuro2a,global Panx1 deletion dramatically reduced neurite extension and inward currents compared to the WT group(P<0.05),revealing that Panx1 enhanced neurogenesis and excitability.Similarly,global Panx1 deletion significantly suppressed Wnt/β-catenin dependent DRG neurogenesis following 5 d of nerve growth factor(NGF)treatment(P<0.01 vs.WT group).Moreover,Panx1 channels enhanced DRG neuron response to ATP after CFA injection(P<0.01 vs.Panx1 KO group).Furthermore,ATP release increased Ca2+responses in DRGNs and satellite glial cells surrounding them following 7 d of CFA treatment(P<0.01 vs.Panx1 KO group),suggesting that Panx1 in glia also impacts exaggerated neuronal excitability.Interestingly,neuron-specific Panx1 deletion was found to markedly reduce differentiation in cultured DRGNs,as evidenced by stunted neurite outgrowth(P<0.05 vs.Panx1 KO group;P<0.01 vs.WT group or GFAP-Cre group),blunted activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling(P<0.01 vs.WT,Panx1 KO and GFAP-Cre groups),and diminished cell excitability(P<0.01 vs.GFAP-Cre group)and response to ATP stimulation(P<0.01 vs.WT group).Analysis ofβ-gal staining showed that cellular expression levels of Panx1 in neurons are significantly higher(2.5-fold increase)in the DRG than in the TG.Conclusions:The present study revealed that neuronal Panx1 is a prominent driver of peripheral sensitivity in the setting of inflammatory pain through cell-autonomous effects on neuronal excitability.This hyperexcitability dependence on neuronal Panx1 contrasts with inflammatory orofacial pain,where similar studies revealed a prominent role for glial Panx1.The apparent differences in Panx1 expression in neuronal and non-neuronal TG and DRG cells are likely responsible for the distinct impact of these cell types in the two pain models.展开更多
Background: There are at least 5 very popular methods described for the correction of mild to moderate hallux valgus deformities. Despite of reported and self experienced good results in favorable fitting preoperative...Background: There are at least 5 very popular methods described for the correction of mild to moderate hallux valgus deformities. Despite of reported and self experienced good results in favorable fitting preoperative anatomical conditions of some of these methods;it seems that no one is really satisfying under “difficult” or non favorable preoperative anatomic conditions. How could an optimum operation method for a satisfying correction of a mild to moderate hallux valgus look like? The well known criteria for an optimally satisfying method to achieve full normalization of important forefoot parameters under all conditions should be a lateralization, plantarization and derotation of the Ist metatarsal head and also a normalization of the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) in combination with a soft tissue correction. Methods: In order to achieve this outcome without the disadvantages of shortening or the need for unloading, we developed a new operation technique and new fixation devices. We performed a simple transverse lazy-L subcapital osteotomy and after an additional soft tissue release the Ist metatarsal head was restored to its preplaned optimum position in terms of narrowing the IM angle, plantarization, correction of the hallux valgus angle, derotation of a pronation l malrotation and improvement of the DMAA. Fixation was achieved with an intramedullary angel-stable transfixed 30 mm titanium plate. The rigidity of the implant rendered interfragmental compression or solid bone contact unnecessary. The goal was only an optimal correction. All patients were allowed to ambulate with full weightbearing immediately after the operation. Results: We retrospectively reviewed 346 patients (433 feet) who underwent subcapital osteotomy between May 2007 and December 2011;308 were women and 38 men;their mean age was 65 years. The follow-up investigation was performed on average after 6.5 years (78 months);range 5.5 to 10 years (66 to 120 months). The AOFAS Score improved from 61.18 to 96.82 (t = 55.13, p ° to 4.21° (t = 89.70, p ° to 7.75° (t = 51.68, p ° to 6.61° (t = 29.34, p < 0.001). Minimal shortening of the first metatarsal (0.33 mm) and no recurrence of the deformity was observed. Conclusion: A new access to hallux valgus surgery is presented. Our results show that interfragmental compression between the osteotomy partners or good interfragmental contact is not necessary when a rigid intramedullary fixation device is used. The goal of this approach to hallux valgus surgery was to achieve excellent correction and a very rigid intramedullary angle-stable locked implant. The procedure yielded excellent results and was associated with no recurrence of hallux valgus.展开更多
The main goal of spinal cord rehabilitation is to restore walking ability and improve walking quality after spinal cord injury(SCI). The spatiotemporal parameters of walking and the parameters of plantar pressure can ...The main goal of spinal cord rehabilitation is to restore walking ability and improve walking quality after spinal cord injury(SCI). The spatiotemporal parameters of walking and the parameters of plantar pressure can be obtained using a plantar pressure analysis system. Previous studies have reported step asymmetry in patients with bilateral SCI. However, the asymmetry of other parameters in patients with SCI has not been reported. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study, which included 23 patients with SCI, aged 48.1 ± 14.5 years, and 28 healthy subjects, aged 47.1 ± 9.8 years. All subjects underwent bare foot walking on a plantar pressure measurement device to measure walking speed and spatiotemporal parameters. Compared with healthy subjects, SCI patients had slower walking speed, longer stride time and stance time, larger stance phase percentage, and shorter stride length. The peak pressures under the metatarsal heads and toe were lower in SCI patients than in healthy subjects. In the heel, regional impulse and the contact area percentage in SCI patients were higher than those in healthy subjects. The symmetry indexes of stance time, step length, maximum force, impulse and contact area were increased in SCI patients, indicating a decline in symmetry. The results confirm that the gait quality, including spatiotemporal variables and plantar pressure parameters, and symmetry index were lower in SCI patients compared with healthy subjects. Plantar pressure parameters and symmetry index could be sensitive quantitative parameters to improve gait quality of SCI patients. The protocols were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University(approval No. 2015 PS54 J) on August 13, 2015. This trial was registered in the ISRCTN Registry(ISRCTN42544587) on August 22, 2018. Protocol version: 1.0.展开更多
Background:Balance impairment is one of the strongest risk factors for falls.Proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength are 3 important contributors to balance control in older adults.The relationship th...Background:Balance impairment is one of the strongest risk factors for falls.Proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength are 3 important contributors to balance control in older adults.The relationship that dynamic and static balance control has to proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength is still unclear.This study was performed to investigate the relationship these contributors have to dynamic and static balance control.Methods:A total of 164 older adults(female=89,left dominant=15,age:73.5±7.8 years,height:161.6±7.1 cm,weight:63.7±8.9 kg,mean±SD)participated in this study.It tested the proprioception of their knee flexion/extension and ankle dorsi/plantarflexion,along with cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe,first and fifth metatarsals,arch,and heel,and the muscle strength of their ankle dorsi/plantarflexion and hip abduction.The Berg Balance Scale(BBS)and the root mean square(RMS)of the center of pressure(CoP)were collected as indications of dynamic and static balance control.A partial correlation was used to determine the relationship between the measured outcomes variables(BBS and CoPRMS)and the proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength variables.Results:Proprioception of ankle plantarflexion(r=-0.306,p=0.002)and dorsiflexion(r=-0.217,p=0.030),and muscle strength of ankle plantarflexion(r=0.275,p=0.004),dorsiflexion(r=0.369,p<0.001),and hip abduction(r=0.342,p<0.001)were weakly to moderately correlated with BBS.Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion(r=0.218,p=0.020)and cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe(r=0.231,p=0.041)and arch(r=0.285,p=0.002)were weakly correlated with CoP-RMS in the anteroposterior direction.Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion(r=0.220,p=0.035),knee flexion(r=0.308,p=0.001)and extension(r=0.193,p=0.040),and cutaneous sensitivity at the arch(r=0.206,p=0.028)were weakly to moderately correlated with CoP-RMS in the mediolateral direction.Conclusion:There is a weak-to-moderate relationship between proprioception and dynamic and static balance control,a weak relationship between cutaneous sensitivity and static balance control,and a weak-to-moderate relationship between muscle strength and dynamic balance control.展开更多
In spite of ill-effects of high heel shoes, they are widely used for women. Hence, it is essential to understand the load transfer biomechanics in order to design better fit and comfortable shoes. In this study, both ...In spite of ill-effects of high heel shoes, they are widely used for women. Hence, it is essential to understand the load transfer biomechanics in order to design better fit and comfortable shoes. In this study, both experimental measurement and finite element analysis were used to evaluate the biomechanical effects of heel height on foot load transfer. A controlled experiment was conducted using custom-designed platforms. Under different weight-bearing conditions, peak plantar pressure, contact area and center of pressure were analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element foot model was used to simulate the high-heel support and to predict the internal stress distributions and deformations for different heel heights. Results from both experiment and model indicated that heel elevations had significant effects on all variables. When heel elevation increased, the center of pressure shifted from the midfoot region to the forefoot region, the contact area was reduced by 26% from 0 to 10.2 cm heel and the internal stress of foot bones increased. Prediction results also showed that the strain and total tension force of plantar fascia was minimum at 5.1 cm heel condition. This study helps to better understand the biomechanical behavior of foot, and to provide better suggestions for design parameters of high heeled shoes.展开更多
Purpose： This study aims to explore the effects of running on different surfaces on the characteristics of in-shoe plantar pressure and tibial acceleration. Methods： Thirteen male recreational runners were required ...Purpose： This study aims to explore the effects of running on different surfaces on the characteristics of in-shoe plantar pressure and tibial acceleration. Methods： Thirteen male recreational runners were required to run at 12 km/h velocity on concrete, synthetic track, natural grass, a normal treadmill, and a treadmill equipped with an ethylene vinyl acetate （EVA） cushioning underlay （treadmill_EVA）, respectively. An in-shoe plantar pressure system and an accelerometer attached to the tibial tuberosity were used to record and analyze the characteristics of plantar pressure and tibial impact during running. Results： The results showed that there were no significant differences in the 1 st and 2nd peak plantar pressures （time of occurrence）, pressure-time integral, and peak pressure distribution for the concrete, synthetic, grass, and normal treadmill surfaces. No significant differences in peak positive acceleration were observed among the five tested surface conditions. Compared to the concrete surface, however, running on treadmillEVA showed a significant decrease in the 1st peak plantar pressure and the pressure time integral for the impact phase （p 〈 0.05）. These can be further ascribed to a reduced peak pressure observed at heel region （p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： There may not be an inevitable relationship between the surface and the lower-limb impact in runners. It is, however, still noteworthy that the effects of different treadmill surfaces should be considered in the interpretation of plantar pressure performance and translation of such results to overground running.展开更多
Forefoot pain is common in high-heeled shoe wearers due to the high pressure caused by the center of body mass moving forward and the increased arch height with heel elevation.Sufficient arch support could reduce the ...Forefoot pain is common in high-heeled shoe wearers due to the high pressure caused by the center of body mass moving forward and the increased arch height with heel elevation.Sufficient arch support could reduce the high pressure over forefoot.However,too much arch support could lead to abnormal foot alignment and pain over midfoot.Little information is reported on the relationship among plantar arch height,shank curve design and plantar pressure.This study aimed at quantifying the plantar arch height changes at different heel heights and investigating the effect of shank curve on plantar pressure distribution.The plantar arch height increased to（7.6±1.3） mm at heel height of 75 mm.The Chinese standard suggests the depth of last should be 8.5 mm for heel height of 75 mm.When a shank curve with higher depth of last（11 mm） was used,the peak pressure over forefoot further decreased in midstance phase,which might ease the forefoot problems,while the peak pressure over midfoot increased but not exceeded the discomfort pressure thresholds.To achieve a more ideal pressure distribution in high-heeled shoes,a higher than expected depth of last would be suggested that would not cause discomfort over midfoot.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lower body positive pressure(LBPP)treadmill has potential applications for improving the gait of patients after stroke,but the related mechanism remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old male patient suffe...BACKGROUND Lower body positive pressure(LBPP)treadmill has potential applications for improving the gait of patients after stroke,but the related mechanism remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old male patient suffered from ischemic stroke with hemiplegic gait.He was referred to our hospital because of a complaint of left limb weakness for 2 years.The LBPP training was performed one session per day and six times per week for 2 wk.The dynamic plantar pressure analysis was taken every 2 d.Meanwhile,three-digital gait analysis and synchronous electromyography as well as clinical assessments were taken before and after LBPP intervention and at the 4-wk follow-up.During LBPP training,our patient not only improved his lower limb muscle strength and walking speed,but more importantly,the symmetry index of various biomechanical indicators improved.Moreover,the patient’s planter pressure transferring from the heel area to toe area among the LBPP training process and the symmetry of lower body biomechanical parameters improved.CONCLUSION In this study,we documented a dynamic improvement of gait performance in a stroke patient under LBPP training,which included lower limb muscle strength,walking speed,and symmetry of lower limb biomechanics.Our study provides some crucial clues about the potential dynamic mechanism for LBPP training on gait and balance improvement,which is related to rebuilding foot pressure distribution and remodeling symmetry of biomechanics of the lower limb.展开更多
Cutaneous nerve injury is the most common complication following foot and ankle surgery. However, clinical studies including long-term follow-up data after cutaneous nerve injury of the foot and ankle are lacking. In ...Cutaneous nerve injury is the most common complication following foot and ankle surgery. However, clinical studies including long-term follow-up data after cutaneous nerve injury of the foot and ankle are lacking. In the current retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical data of 279 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery. Subjects who suffered from apparent paresthesia in the cutaneous sensory nerve area after surgery were included in the study. Pa- tients received oral vitamin B^2 and methylcobalamin. We examined final follow-up data of 17 patients, including seven with sural nerve injury, five with superficial peroneal nerve injury, and five with plantar medial cutaneous nerve injury. We assessed nerve sensory function using the Medical Research Council Scale. Follow-up immediately, at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 9 months, and 1 year after surgery demonstrated that sensory function was gradually restored in most patients within 6 months. However, recovery was slow at 9 months. There was no significant difference in sensory function between 9 months and 1 year after surgery. Painful neuromas occurred in four patients at 9 months to 1 year. The results demonstrated that the recovery of sensory func- tion in patients with various cutaneous nerve injuries after foot and ankle surgery required at least 6 months.展开更多
Reliable computational foot models offer an alternative means to enhance knowledge on the biomechanics of human foot. Model validation is one of the most critical aspects of the entire foot modeling and analysis proce...Reliable computational foot models offer an alternative means to enhance knowledge on the biomechanics of human foot. Model validation is one of the most critical aspects of the entire foot modeling and analysis process.This paper presents an in vivo experiment combining motion capture system and plantar pressure measure platform to validate a three-dimensional finite element model of human foot.The Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)slices for the foot modeling and the experimental data for validation were both collected from the same volunteer subject.The validated components included the comparison of static model predictions of plantar force,plantar pressure and foot surface deformation during six loading conditions,to equivalent measured data.During the whole experiment,foot surface deformation,plantar force and plantar pressure were recorded simultaneously during six different loaded standing conditions.The predictions of the current FE model were in good agreement with these experimental results.展开更多
It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of ou...It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. We will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries.展开更多
Changes in activated areas of the brain during ankle active dorsiflexion and ankle active plantar flexion were observed in six healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Excited areas of ankle activ...Changes in activated areas of the brain during ankle active dorsiflexion and ankle active plantar flexion were observed in six healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Excited areas of ankle active dorsiflexion involved the bilateral primary motor area and the primary somatosensory area, as well as the bilateral supplementary sensory area, the primary visual area, the right second visual area, and the vermis of cerebellum. Excited areas of ankle active plantar flexion included the ipsilateral supplementary motor area, the limbic system, and the contralateral corpus striatum. Fine movements of the cerebral cortex control the function of the ankle dorsiflexion to a larger extent than ankle plate flexion, and the function of ankle plate flexion is more controlled by the subcortical area.展开更多
Objective:To explore the walking strategy by monitoring the characteristics of center of pressure(COP)of gait in the elderly with type2 diabetes.Methods:All of the elderly patients with type2 diabetes(n=543)were enrol...Objective:To explore the walking strategy by monitoring the characteristics of center of pressure(COP)of gait in the elderly with type2 diabetes.Methods:All of the elderly patients with type2 diabetes(n=543)were enrolled from Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University.Dynamic barefoot plantar pressure was assessed by Footscan7 USB2 flat.Outcome measures included excursion,the x-and ycoordinates displacement of COP and falling frequency.Results:There were 64.5%of cases with abnormal COP trajectory.Among them,45.2%were with abnormal fold-back,14.0%with two or more abnormal fold-back,20.5%with abnormal beginning point deviating from the heel to the arch and metatarsal region,18.0%with abnormal terminal point deviating from the hallux to toe 2e5 and the x-and y-coordinates displacement of COP in both feet are asymmetry.Conclusions:It highlights to put forward the walking strategy according to the abnormal COP trajectory.Due to the elderly diabetics with high risks of falling,the rehabilitation nursing should be strengthened mainly including the training of enhancing proprioception to prevent the elderly patients with type2 diabetes from falling.展开更多
Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of orthopaedic soles on the body posture. Methods. Forty-eight runners (21 men and 28 women) maintained a standing-up position on both feet with bare fe...Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of orthopaedic soles on the body posture. Methods. Forty-eight runners (21 men and 28 women) maintained a standing-up position on both feet with bare feet with neutral soles and orthopedic soles which contained bilaterally a podiatrist element of 3 mm height behind the metatarsal heads (Metatarsal Retro Capital Bar, MRCB). Stabilometric, plantar pressure and kinematic data in the sagittal plane on both sides were measured at 40 and 60 Hz, respectively. The position of the center of pressure on the anteroposterior axis (YCoP), the forefoot plantar pressure (FPP) and the anteroposterior position of the knee (Yk), the hip (YH), the shoulder (YS) and the ears (YE) with respect to the vertical axis passing through the joint of the ankle were determined for each experimental condition. Findings. The addition of a MRCB orthopedic element induced in backward displacement of CoP, hip, shoulder and ears (p CoP and FPP changes were significantly correlated with YH, YS and YE changes (p Conclusion. These results suggest that the addition of an orthopedic element located behind the metatarsal heads influences the overall position of the body and can help podiatrist in the care of their patients.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background and Purpose: Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is a condition that affects the foot and causes complaints such as pain and stiffness. The most common symptom of this ...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background and Purpose: Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is a condition that affects the foot and causes complaints such as pain and stiffness. The most common symptom of this condition is pain. There are many treatment options to deal with this condition, such as conservative therapy, medications</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and surgical interventions in rare cases. This case study aims to investigate the potential impact of pain neuroscience education (PNE), combined with a conventional Physical Therapy (PT) program on a 37-year-old-patient with chronic plantar fasciitis. Case description: A 37-year-old male health care professional presented to an outpatient physical therapy clinic with a diagnosis of chronic PF for around two years. The participant had tried several treatment options with no improvement of his symptoms. After undergoing a physical therapy evaluation, he was given a plan of care for twelve sessions by a skilled physical therapist for a six-week period, with each session consisting of 30 minutes of conventional PT, followed by 5 to 15 minutes of PNE. Results: After completing the prescribed plan of care, the patient reported </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reduction in subjective symptoms via the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). He also reported improvement with symptoms and functional independence via the Foot Function Index (FFI). The patient reported no change in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">quality of sleep via Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Lastly, he demonstrated no objective improvement in foot pressure with the Navicular Drop Test. Discussion: This case report indicates that PNE, combined with conventional PT for PF can have a positive impact on subjective pain and foot function. PNE should involve many topics about the physiology of pain and the nervous system and should be administered by a certified therapeutic pain specialist. Further studies are recommended to investigate the impact of this intervention in combination with traditional PT for PF in larger populations.</span>展开更多
Clinicians can provide a means to better distribute the pressure around the foot, and can also correct the biomechanics of the foot by using a customized shoe insole. If detected early enough, orthopedic insoles can c...Clinicians can provide a means to better distribute the pressure around the foot, and can also correct the biomechanics of the foot by using a customized shoe insole. If detected early enough, orthopedic insoles can correct or prevent further complications. In this study the 3 Dimensional (D) model of the foot was used to fabricate a customized orthosis. The Computed Tomography (CT) images of patient’s foot having no muscle weakness and joint restriction were acquired. The gray intensities corresponding to the bones of the foot from the CT images were 3 dimensionally reconstructed. The 3D model of the foot was then imported into the CAD Software. Boolean operations were carried out in between the 3D foot model and a solid rectangular surface to create a customized foot orthosis. The exact contours and shape of the subject’s foot was acquired using the computerized method of fabricating an orthosis. The novel idea described in this study support, automating the process of designing a customized orthosis with the impression got from the 3 dimensionally modeled feet, thereby reducing the modeling time considerably. The simple technique used in this process will help in giving comfort and stability to the patient’s feet while walking.展开更多
This group comprise 102 cases.Acupoints were selected according to the pain locations.For glutaeouspain starting from the lumbar part and spreading down to the posterior part of the thigh,fossa politea,gastrocnemius ...This group comprise 102 cases.Acupoints were selected according to the pain locations.For glutaeouspain starting from the lumbar part and spreading down to the posterior part of the thigh,fossa politea,gastrocnemius muscle and plantar region, Guanyuanshu （BL 26）,Jiji（EX-B2）beside the 4th lumbar vetebrae and Weizhong（BL 40）were used; for glutaeous pain irradiating downward the lateralpart of the leg and along the Foot-Shaoyang Meridian,Huantiao（GB 30）,Fengshi（GB展开更多
Plantar pressure distribution of the designed cushioned soles was studied and compared with that of the commercially available sport shoes.A three-dimensional motion measurement system was used to obtain the peak plan...Plantar pressure distribution of the designed cushioned soles was studied and compared with that of the commercially available sport shoes.A three-dimensional motion measurement system was used to obtain the peak plantar force,the peak plantar pressure,force-time integrals and pressure-time integrals,and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the performance of the designed cushioned shoes.The results revealed that in normal walking and jogging states,compared with the commercially available sport shoes,the peak plantar pressure in the heel region decreased by 13.65%and 6.05%,respectively.The peak plantar force decreased by 15.98%and 15.32%,respectively.The force-time integral decreased by 4.36%and 6.83%,respectively,and the pressure-time integral decreased by 10.58%and 11.00%,respectively.In conclusion,the cushioning performance of shoes is related to the exercise mode.For normal walking,the designed cushioned soles absorbed greater impact in the heel region,which was effectively cushioned,whereas in the jogging state,the designed cushioned soles exhibited a favorable cushioning effect in the forefoot region.The designed cushioned soles exhibited cushioning performance through the coupling design of material and structure,which effectively reduced impact force when landing and could optimize plantar pressure distribution.展开更多
To quantify mechanical effects of plantar fascia and ligaments on the arch structure,a 3D finite element model of the foot was created to simulate the balanced standing posture. Four cases after individual releases of...To quantify mechanical effects of plantar fascia and ligaments on the arch structure,a 3D finite element model of the foot was created to simulate the balanced standing posture. Four cases after individual releases of plantar fascia,spring ligament,long and short plantar ligaments were simulated respectively to compare their consequences to the predictions of the intact structure. It was founded that the foot arch didn't collapse obviously after any individual release of these structures. As plantar fascia was released,tensions of plantar ligaments were largely increased. Long and short plantar ligaments performed mutual compensation functions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma (SS),a rare malignant soft tissue tumor whose histological origin is still unknown,often occurs in limbs in young people and is easily misdiagnosed.CASE SUMMARY We report a 24-year-old man ...BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma (SS),a rare malignant soft tissue tumor whose histological origin is still unknown,often occurs in limbs in young people and is easily misdiagnosed.CASE SUMMARY We report a 24-year-old man who sought treatment for plantar pain thought to be caused by a foot injury that occurred 4 years prior.Currently,he had been seen at another hospital for a 1-wk history of unexplained pain in the left plantar region and was treated with acupuncture,a kind of therapy of Chinese medicine,which partly relieved the pain.Because of this,the final diagnosis of biphasic SS was made after two subsequent treatments by pathological evaluation after the last operation.SS is rarely seen in the plantar area,and his history of a left plantar injury confused the original diagnosis.CONCLUSION This study shows that pathological and imaging examinations may play a vital role in the early diagnosis and treatment of SS.展开更多
基金This work was NIH(R01NS092466),NSFC(U2004201)Central Plains Thousand People Plan of Henan Province(204200510013)+1 种基金Henan Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation(CXJD2021002)Key Special Project of Zhengzhou University Disciplinary Construction(XKZDJC202001)。
文摘Background:The channel-forming protein Pannexin1(Panx1)has been implicated in both human studies and animal models of chronic pain,but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood.Methods:Wild-type(WT,n=24),global Panx1 KO(n=24),neuron-specific Panx1 KO(n=20),and glia-specific Panx1 KO(n=20)mice were used in this study at Albert Einstein College of Medicine.The von Frey test was used to quantify pain sensitivity in these mice following complete Freund’s adjuvant(CFA)injection(7,14,and 21 d).The qRT-PCR was employed to measure mRNA levels of Panx1,Panx2,Panx3,Cx43,Calhm1,andβ-catenin.Laser scanning confocal microscopy imaging,Sholl analysis,and electrophysiology were utilized to evaluate the impact of Panx1 on neuronal excitability and morphology in Neuro2a and dorsal root ganglion neurons(DRGNs)in which Panx1 expression or function was manipulated.Ethidium bromide(EtBr)dye uptake assay and calcium imaging were employed to investigate the role of Panx1 in adenosine triphosphate(ATP)sensitivity.β-galactosidase(β-gal)staining was applied to determine the relative cellular expression levels of Panx1 in trigeminal ganglia(TG)and DRG of transgenic mice.Results:Global or neuron-specific Panx1 deletion markedly decreased pain thresholds after CFA stimuli(7,14,and 21 d;P<0.01 vs.WT group),indicating that Panx1 was positively correlated with pain sensitivity.In Neuro2a,global Panx1 deletion dramatically reduced neurite extension and inward currents compared to the WT group(P<0.05),revealing that Panx1 enhanced neurogenesis and excitability.Similarly,global Panx1 deletion significantly suppressed Wnt/β-catenin dependent DRG neurogenesis following 5 d of nerve growth factor(NGF)treatment(P<0.01 vs.WT group).Moreover,Panx1 channels enhanced DRG neuron response to ATP after CFA injection(P<0.01 vs.Panx1 KO group).Furthermore,ATP release increased Ca2+responses in DRGNs and satellite glial cells surrounding them following 7 d of CFA treatment(P<0.01 vs.Panx1 KO group),suggesting that Panx1 in glia also impacts exaggerated neuronal excitability.Interestingly,neuron-specific Panx1 deletion was found to markedly reduce differentiation in cultured DRGNs,as evidenced by stunted neurite outgrowth(P<0.05 vs.Panx1 KO group;P<0.01 vs.WT group or GFAP-Cre group),blunted activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling(P<0.01 vs.WT,Panx1 KO and GFAP-Cre groups),and diminished cell excitability(P<0.01 vs.GFAP-Cre group)and response to ATP stimulation(P<0.01 vs.WT group).Analysis ofβ-gal staining showed that cellular expression levels of Panx1 in neurons are significantly higher(2.5-fold increase)in the DRG than in the TG.Conclusions:The present study revealed that neuronal Panx1 is a prominent driver of peripheral sensitivity in the setting of inflammatory pain through cell-autonomous effects on neuronal excitability.This hyperexcitability dependence on neuronal Panx1 contrasts with inflammatory orofacial pain,where similar studies revealed a prominent role for glial Panx1.The apparent differences in Panx1 expression in neuronal and non-neuronal TG and DRG cells are likely responsible for the distinct impact of these cell types in the two pain models.
文摘Background: There are at least 5 very popular methods described for the correction of mild to moderate hallux valgus deformities. Despite of reported and self experienced good results in favorable fitting preoperative anatomical conditions of some of these methods;it seems that no one is really satisfying under “difficult” or non favorable preoperative anatomic conditions. How could an optimum operation method for a satisfying correction of a mild to moderate hallux valgus look like? The well known criteria for an optimally satisfying method to achieve full normalization of important forefoot parameters under all conditions should be a lateralization, plantarization and derotation of the Ist metatarsal head and also a normalization of the distal metatarsal articular angle (DMAA) in combination with a soft tissue correction. Methods: In order to achieve this outcome without the disadvantages of shortening or the need for unloading, we developed a new operation technique and new fixation devices. We performed a simple transverse lazy-L subcapital osteotomy and after an additional soft tissue release the Ist metatarsal head was restored to its preplaned optimum position in terms of narrowing the IM angle, plantarization, correction of the hallux valgus angle, derotation of a pronation l malrotation and improvement of the DMAA. Fixation was achieved with an intramedullary angel-stable transfixed 30 mm titanium plate. The rigidity of the implant rendered interfragmental compression or solid bone contact unnecessary. The goal was only an optimal correction. All patients were allowed to ambulate with full weightbearing immediately after the operation. Results: We retrospectively reviewed 346 patients (433 feet) who underwent subcapital osteotomy between May 2007 and December 2011;308 were women and 38 men;their mean age was 65 years. The follow-up investigation was performed on average after 6.5 years (78 months);range 5.5 to 10 years (66 to 120 months). The AOFAS Score improved from 61.18 to 96.82 (t = 55.13, p ° to 4.21° (t = 89.70, p ° to 7.75° (t = 51.68, p ° to 6.61° (t = 29.34, p < 0.001). Minimal shortening of the first metatarsal (0.33 mm) and no recurrence of the deformity was observed. Conclusion: A new access to hallux valgus surgery is presented. Our results show that interfragmental compression between the osteotomy partners or good interfragmental contact is not necessary when a rigid intramedullary fixation device is used. The goal of this approach to hallux valgus surgery was to achieve excellent correction and a very rigid intramedullary angle-stable locked implant. The procedure yielded excellent results and was associated with no recurrence of hallux valgus.
基金supported by the New Technique Project of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,China,No.2015-117(to XNY)
文摘The main goal of spinal cord rehabilitation is to restore walking ability and improve walking quality after spinal cord injury(SCI). The spatiotemporal parameters of walking and the parameters of plantar pressure can be obtained using a plantar pressure analysis system. Previous studies have reported step asymmetry in patients with bilateral SCI. However, the asymmetry of other parameters in patients with SCI has not been reported. This was a prospective, cross-sectional study, which included 23 patients with SCI, aged 48.1 ± 14.5 years, and 28 healthy subjects, aged 47.1 ± 9.8 years. All subjects underwent bare foot walking on a plantar pressure measurement device to measure walking speed and spatiotemporal parameters. Compared with healthy subjects, SCI patients had slower walking speed, longer stride time and stance time, larger stance phase percentage, and shorter stride length. The peak pressures under the metatarsal heads and toe were lower in SCI patients than in healthy subjects. In the heel, regional impulse and the contact area percentage in SCI patients were higher than those in healthy subjects. The symmetry indexes of stance time, step length, maximum force, impulse and contact area were increased in SCI patients, indicating a decline in symmetry. The results confirm that the gait quality, including spatiotemporal variables and plantar pressure parameters, and symmetry index were lower in SCI patients compared with healthy subjects. Plantar pressure parameters and symmetry index could be sensitive quantitative parameters to improve gait quality of SCI patients. The protocols were approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University(approval No. 2015 PS54 J) on August 13, 2015. This trial was registered in the ISRCTN Registry(ISRCTN42544587) on August 22, 2018. Protocol version: 1.0.
基金funded by Shandong Province Youth Innovative Talent Induction Program(grant number 2019-183)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC2000600).
文摘Background:Balance impairment is one of the strongest risk factors for falls.Proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength are 3 important contributors to balance control in older adults.The relationship that dynamic and static balance control has to proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength is still unclear.This study was performed to investigate the relationship these contributors have to dynamic and static balance control.Methods:A total of 164 older adults(female=89,left dominant=15,age:73.5±7.8 years,height:161.6±7.1 cm,weight:63.7±8.9 kg,mean±SD)participated in this study.It tested the proprioception of their knee flexion/extension and ankle dorsi/plantarflexion,along with cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe,first and fifth metatarsals,arch,and heel,and the muscle strength of their ankle dorsi/plantarflexion and hip abduction.The Berg Balance Scale(BBS)and the root mean square(RMS)of the center of pressure(CoP)were collected as indications of dynamic and static balance control.A partial correlation was used to determine the relationship between the measured outcomes variables(BBS and CoPRMS)and the proprioception,cutaneous sensitivity,and muscle strength variables.Results:Proprioception of ankle plantarflexion(r=-0.306,p=0.002)and dorsiflexion(r=-0.217,p=0.030),and muscle strength of ankle plantarflexion(r=0.275,p=0.004),dorsiflexion(r=0.369,p<0.001),and hip abduction(r=0.342,p<0.001)were weakly to moderately correlated with BBS.Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion(r=0.218,p=0.020)and cutaneous sensitivity at the great toe(r=0.231,p=0.041)and arch(r=0.285,p=0.002)were weakly correlated with CoP-RMS in the anteroposterior direction.Proprioception of ankle dorsiflexion(r=0.220,p=0.035),knee flexion(r=0.308,p=0.001)and extension(r=0.193,p=0.040),and cutaneous sensitivity at the arch(r=0.206,p=0.028)were weakly to moderately correlated with CoP-RMS in the mediolateral direction.Conclusion:There is a weak-to-moderate relationship between proprioception and dynamic and static balance control,a weak relationship between cutaneous sensitivity and static balance control,and a weak-to-moderate relationship between muscle strength and dynamic balance control.
基金supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (PolyU5317/05E, PolyU5331/07E, PolyU5352/08E)
文摘In spite of ill-effects of high heel shoes, they are widely used for women. Hence, it is essential to understand the load transfer biomechanics in order to design better fit and comfortable shoes. In this study, both experimental measurement and finite element analysis were used to evaluate the biomechanical effects of heel height on foot load transfer. A controlled experiment was conducted using custom-designed platforms. Under different weight-bearing conditions, peak plantar pressure, contact area and center of pressure were analyzed. A three-dimensional finite element foot model was used to simulate the high-heel support and to predict the internal stress distributions and deformations for different heel heights. Results from both experiment and model indicated that heel elevations had significant effects on all variables. When heel elevation increased, the center of pressure shifted from the midfoot region to the forefoot region, the contact area was reduced by 26% from 0 to 10.2 cm heel and the internal stress of foot bones increased. Prediction results also showed that the strain and total tension force of plantar fascia was minimum at 5.1 cm heel condition. This study helps to better understand the biomechanical behavior of foot, and to provide better suggestions for design parameters of high heeled shoes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11302131, No. 11372194, No. 11572202)+4 种基金the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (No. 20123156120003)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 14YZ125)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (No. 14DZ1103500)
文摘Purpose： This study aims to explore the effects of running on different surfaces on the characteristics of in-shoe plantar pressure and tibial acceleration. Methods： Thirteen male recreational runners were required to run at 12 km/h velocity on concrete, synthetic track, natural grass, a normal treadmill, and a treadmill equipped with an ethylene vinyl acetate （EVA） cushioning underlay （treadmill_EVA）, respectively. An in-shoe plantar pressure system and an accelerometer attached to the tibial tuberosity were used to record and analyze the characteristics of plantar pressure and tibial impact during running. Results： The results showed that there were no significant differences in the 1 st and 2nd peak plantar pressures （time of occurrence）, pressure-time integral, and peak pressure distribution for the concrete, synthetic, grass, and normal treadmill surfaces. No significant differences in peak positive acceleration were observed among the five tested surface conditions. Compared to the concrete surface, however, running on treadmillEVA showed a significant decrease in the 1st peak plantar pressure and the pressure time integral for the impact phase （p 〈 0.05）. These can be further ascribed to a reduced peak pressure observed at heel region （p 〈 0.05）. Conclusion： There may not be an inevitable relationship between the surface and the lower-limb impact in runners. It is, however, still noteworthy that the effects of different treadmill surfaces should be considered in the interpretation of plantar pressure performance and translation of such results to overground running.
基金supported by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong (Project Nos. PolyU5331/07E, PolyU5352/08E)a Research Studentship from the Hong Kong Polytechnic University
文摘Forefoot pain is common in high-heeled shoe wearers due to the high pressure caused by the center of body mass moving forward and the increased arch height with heel elevation.Sufficient arch support could reduce the high pressure over forefoot.However,too much arch support could lead to abnormal foot alignment and pain over midfoot.Little information is reported on the relationship among plantar arch height,shank curve design and plantar pressure.This study aimed at quantifying the plantar arch height changes at different heel heights and investigating the effect of shank curve on plantar pressure distribution.The plantar arch height increased to（7.6±1.3） mm at heel height of 75 mm.The Chinese standard suggests the depth of last should be 8.5 mm for heel height of 75 mm.When a shank curve with higher depth of last（11 mm） was used,the peak pressure over forefoot further decreased in midstance phase,which might ease the forefoot problems,while the peak pressure over midfoot increased but not exceeded the discomfort pressure thresholds.To achieve a more ideal pressure distribution in high-heeled shoes,a higher than expected depth of last would be suggested that would not cause discomfort over midfoot.
基金National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China,No.81902281Guangdong Medical Science and Technology Research Foundation of China,No.A2019120 and No.A2020362and Special Project of Chinese Government for Science and Technology of Guangdong Province,No.2019SKJ003.
文摘BACKGROUND Lower body positive pressure(LBPP)treadmill has potential applications for improving the gait of patients after stroke,but the related mechanism remains unclear.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old male patient suffered from ischemic stroke with hemiplegic gait.He was referred to our hospital because of a complaint of left limb weakness for 2 years.The LBPP training was performed one session per day and six times per week for 2 wk.The dynamic plantar pressure analysis was taken every 2 d.Meanwhile,three-digital gait analysis and synchronous electromyography as well as clinical assessments were taken before and after LBPP intervention and at the 4-wk follow-up.During LBPP training,our patient not only improved his lower limb muscle strength and walking speed,but more importantly,the symmetry index of various biomechanical indicators improved.Moreover,the patient’s planter pressure transferring from the heel area to toe area among the LBPP training process and the symmetry of lower body biomechanical parameters improved.CONCLUSION In this study,we documented a dynamic improvement of gait performance in a stroke patient under LBPP training,which included lower limb muscle strength,walking speed,and symmetry of lower limb biomechanics.Our study provides some crucial clues about the potential dynamic mechanism for LBPP training on gait and balance improvement,which is related to rebuilding foot pressure distribution and remodeling symmetry of biomechanics of the lower limb.
文摘Cutaneous nerve injury is the most common complication following foot and ankle surgery. However, clinical studies including long-term follow-up data after cutaneous nerve injury of the foot and ankle are lacking. In the current retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical data of 279 patients who underwent foot and ankle surgery. Subjects who suffered from apparent paresthesia in the cutaneous sensory nerve area after surgery were included in the study. Pa- tients received oral vitamin B^2 and methylcobalamin. We examined final follow-up data of 17 patients, including seven with sural nerve injury, five with superficial peroneal nerve injury, and five with plantar medial cutaneous nerve injury. We assessed nerve sensory function using the Medical Research Council Scale. Follow-up immediately, at 6 weeks, 3, 6 and 9 months, and 1 year after surgery demonstrated that sensory function was gradually restored in most patients within 6 months. However, recovery was slow at 9 months. There was no significant difference in sensory function between 9 months and 1 year after surgery. Painful neuromas occurred in four patients at 9 months to 1 year. The results demonstrated that the recovery of sensory func- tion in patients with various cutaneous nerve injuries after foot and ankle surgery required at least 6 months.
基金supported by the "Mechanical Virtual Human of China"project funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30530230)further support was from the UK Royal Scoiety(Grant:IPJ/2006/R3)
文摘Reliable computational foot models offer an alternative means to enhance knowledge on the biomechanics of human foot. Model validation is one of the most critical aspects of the entire foot modeling and analysis process.This paper presents an in vivo experiment combining motion capture system and plantar pressure measure platform to validate a three-dimensional finite element model of human foot.The Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)slices for the foot modeling and the experimental data for validation were both collected from the same volunteer subject.The validated components included the comparison of static model predictions of plantar force,plantar pressure and foot surface deformation during six loading conditions,to equivalent measured data.During the whole experiment,foot surface deformation,plantar force and plantar pressure were recorded simultaneously during six different loaded standing conditions.The predictions of the current FE model were in good agreement with these experimental results.
文摘It is believed that human ancestors evolved the ability to run bipedally approximately 2 million years ago. This form of locomotion may have been important to our survival and likely has influenced the evolution of our body form. As our bodies have adapted to run, it seems unusual that up to 79% of modern day runners are injured annually. The etiology of these injuries is clearly multifactorial. However, 1 aspect of running that has significantly changed over the past 50 years is the footwear we use. Modern running shoes have become increasingly cushioned and supportive, and have changed the way we run. In particular, they have altered our footstrike pattern from a predominantly forefoot strike(FFS) landing to a predominantly rearfoot strike(RFS) landing. This change alters the way in which the body is loaded and may be contributing to the high rate of injuries runners experience while engaged in an activity for which they were adapted. In this paper, we will examine the benefits of barefoot running(typically an FFS pattern),and compare the lower extremity mechanics between FFS and RFS. The implications of these mechanical differences, in terms of injury, will be discussed. We will then provide evidence to support our contention that FFS provides an optimal mechanical environment for specific foot and ankle structures, such as the heel pad, the plantar fascia, and the Achilles tendon. The importance of footwear will then be addressed, highlighting its interaction with strike pattern on mechanics. This analysis will underscore why footwear matters when assessing mechanics. Finally, proper preparation and safe transition to an FFS pattern in minimal shoes will be emphasized. Through the discussion of the current literature, we will develop a justification for returning to running in the way for which we were adapted to reduce running-related injuries.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Nursery Foundation of Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 09KMM41
文摘Changes in activated areas of the brain during ankle active dorsiflexion and ankle active plantar flexion were observed in six healthy subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Excited areas of ankle active dorsiflexion involved the bilateral primary motor area and the primary somatosensory area, as well as the bilateral supplementary sensory area, the primary visual area, the right second visual area, and the vermis of cerebellum. Excited areas of ankle active plantar flexion included the ipsilateral supplementary motor area, the limbic system, and the contralateral corpus striatum. Fine movements of the cerebral cortex control the function of the ankle dorsiflexion to a larger extent than ankle plate flexion, and the function of ankle plate flexion is more controlled by the subcortical area.
文摘Objective:To explore the walking strategy by monitoring the characteristics of center of pressure(COP)of gait in the elderly with type2 diabetes.Methods:All of the elderly patients with type2 diabetes(n=543)were enrolled from Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University.Dynamic barefoot plantar pressure was assessed by Footscan7 USB2 flat.Outcome measures included excursion,the x-and ycoordinates displacement of COP and falling frequency.Results:There were 64.5%of cases with abnormal COP trajectory.Among them,45.2%were with abnormal fold-back,14.0%with two or more abnormal fold-back,20.5%with abnormal beginning point deviating from the heel to the arch and metatarsal region,18.0%with abnormal terminal point deviating from the hallux to toe 2e5 and the x-and y-coordinates displacement of COP in both feet are asymmetry.Conclusions:It highlights to put forward the walking strategy according to the abnormal COP trajectory.Due to the elderly diabetics with high risks of falling,the rehabilitation nursing should be strengthened mainly including the training of enhancing proprioception to prevent the elderly patients with type2 diabetes from falling.
文摘Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of orthopaedic soles on the body posture. Methods. Forty-eight runners (21 men and 28 women) maintained a standing-up position on both feet with bare feet with neutral soles and orthopedic soles which contained bilaterally a podiatrist element of 3 mm height behind the metatarsal heads (Metatarsal Retro Capital Bar, MRCB). Stabilometric, plantar pressure and kinematic data in the sagittal plane on both sides were measured at 40 and 60 Hz, respectively. The position of the center of pressure on the anteroposterior axis (YCoP), the forefoot plantar pressure (FPP) and the anteroposterior position of the knee (Yk), the hip (YH), the shoulder (YS) and the ears (YE) with respect to the vertical axis passing through the joint of the ankle were determined for each experimental condition. Findings. The addition of a MRCB orthopedic element induced in backward displacement of CoP, hip, shoulder and ears (p CoP and FPP changes were significantly correlated with YH, YS and YE changes (p Conclusion. These results suggest that the addition of an orthopedic element located behind the metatarsal heads influences the overall position of the body and can help podiatrist in the care of their patients.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Background and Purpose: Plantar Fasciitis (PF) is a condition that affects the foot and causes complaints such as pain and stiffness. The most common symptom of this condition is pain. There are many treatment options to deal with this condition, such as conservative therapy, medications</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and surgical interventions in rare cases. This case study aims to investigate the potential impact of pain neuroscience education (PNE), combined with a conventional Physical Therapy (PT) program on a 37-year-old-patient with chronic plantar fasciitis. Case description: A 37-year-old male health care professional presented to an outpatient physical therapy clinic with a diagnosis of chronic PF for around two years. The participant had tried several treatment options with no improvement of his symptoms. After undergoing a physical therapy evaluation, he was given a plan of care for twelve sessions by a skilled physical therapist for a six-week period, with each session consisting of 30 minutes of conventional PT, followed by 5 to 15 minutes of PNE. Results: After completing the prescribed plan of care, the patient reported </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reduction in subjective symptoms via the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). He also reported improvement with symptoms and functional independence via the Foot Function Index (FFI). The patient reported no change in </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">quality of sleep via Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Lastly, he demonstrated no objective improvement in foot pressure with the Navicular Drop Test. Discussion: This case report indicates that PNE, combined with conventional PT for PF can have a positive impact on subjective pain and foot function. PNE should involve many topics about the physiology of pain and the nervous system and should be administered by a certified therapeutic pain specialist. Further studies are recommended to investigate the impact of this intervention in combination with traditional PT for PF in larger populations.</span>
文摘Clinicians can provide a means to better distribute the pressure around the foot, and can also correct the biomechanics of the foot by using a customized shoe insole. If detected early enough, orthopedic insoles can correct or prevent further complications. In this study the 3 Dimensional (D) model of the foot was used to fabricate a customized orthosis. The Computed Tomography (CT) images of patient’s foot having no muscle weakness and joint restriction were acquired. The gray intensities corresponding to the bones of the foot from the CT images were 3 dimensionally reconstructed. The 3D model of the foot was then imported into the CAD Software. Boolean operations were carried out in between the 3D foot model and a solid rectangular surface to create a customized foot orthosis. The exact contours and shape of the subject’s foot was acquired using the computerized method of fabricating an orthosis. The novel idea described in this study support, automating the process of designing a customized orthosis with the impression got from the 3 dimensionally modeled feet, thereby reducing the modeling time considerably. The simple technique used in this process will help in giving comfort and stability to the patient’s feet while walking.
文摘This group comprise 102 cases.Acupoints were selected according to the pain locations.For glutaeouspain starting from the lumbar part and spreading down to the posterior part of the thigh,fossa politea,gastrocnemius muscle and plantar region, Guanyuanshu （BL 26）,Jiji（EX-B2）beside the 4th lumbar vetebrae and Weizhong（BL 40）were used; for glutaeous pain irradiating downward the lateralpart of the leg and along the Foot-Shaoyang Meridian,Huantiao（GB 30）,Fengshi（GB
基金Education Research Project of Fujian Province,China(Nos.JT180378,JA14265)Science and Technology Program of Quanzhou Normal University,China(No.2013KJ04)Quanzhou City Science&Technology Program,China(No.2016Z071)。
文摘Plantar pressure distribution of the designed cushioned soles was studied and compared with that of the commercially available sport shoes.A three-dimensional motion measurement system was used to obtain the peak plantar force,the peak plantar pressure,force-time integrals and pressure-time integrals,and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the performance of the designed cushioned shoes.The results revealed that in normal walking and jogging states,compared with the commercially available sport shoes,the peak plantar pressure in the heel region decreased by 13.65%and 6.05%,respectively.The peak plantar force decreased by 15.98%and 15.32%,respectively.The force-time integral decreased by 4.36%and 6.83%,respectively,and the pressure-time integral decreased by 10.58%and 11.00%,respectively.In conclusion,the cushioning performance of shoes is related to the exercise mode.For normal walking,the designed cushioned soles absorbed greater impact in the heel region,which was effectively cushioned,whereas in the jogging state,the designed cushioned soles exhibited a favorable cushioning effect in the forefoot region.The designed cushioned soles exhibited cushioning performance through the coupling design of material and structure,which effectively reduced impact force when landing and could optimize plantar pressure distribution.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30530230)
文摘To quantify mechanical effects of plantar fascia and ligaments on the arch structure,a 3D finite element model of the foot was created to simulate the balanced standing posture. Four cases after individual releases of plantar fascia,spring ligament,long and short plantar ligaments were simulated respectively to compare their consequences to the predictions of the intact structure. It was founded that the foot arch didn't collapse obviously after any individual release of these structures. As plantar fascia was released,tensions of plantar ligaments were largely increased. Long and short plantar ligaments performed mutual compensation functions.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma (SS),a rare malignant soft tissue tumor whose histological origin is still unknown,often occurs in limbs in young people and is easily misdiagnosed.CASE SUMMARY We report a 24-year-old man who sought treatment for plantar pain thought to be caused by a foot injury that occurred 4 years prior.Currently,he had been seen at another hospital for a 1-wk history of unexplained pain in the left plantar region and was treated with acupuncture,a kind of therapy of Chinese medicine,which partly relieved the pain.Because of this,the final diagnosis of biphasic SS was made after two subsequent treatments by pathological evaluation after the last operation.SS is rarely seen in the plantar area,and his history of a left plantar injury confused the original diagnosis.CONCLUSION This study shows that pathological and imaging examinations may play a vital role in the early diagnosis and treatment of SS.
