Background:Ampelopsis grossedentata,vine tea,which is the tea alternative beverages in China.In vine tea processing,a large amount of broken tea is produced,which has low commercial value.Methods:This study investigat...Background:Ampelopsis grossedentata,vine tea,which is the tea alternative beverages in China.In vine tea processing,a large amount of broken tea is produced,which has low commercial value.Methods:This study investigates the influence of different extraction methods(room temperature water extraction,boiling water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted room temperature water extraction,and ultrasonic-assisted boiling water extraction,referred to as room temperature water extraction(RE),boiling water extraction(BE),ultrasonic assistance at room temperature water extraction(URE),and ultrasonic assistance in boiling water extraction(UBE))on the yield,dihydromyricetin(DMY)content,free amino acid composition,volatile aroma components,and antioxidant properties of vine tea extracts.Results:A notable influence of extraction temperature on the yield of vine tea extracts(P<0.05),with BE yielding the highest at 43.13±0.26%,higher than that of RE(34.29±0.81%).Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the DMY content of the extracts(P<0.05),whereas DMY content in the RE extracts was 59.94±1.70%,that of URE reached 66.14±2.78%.Analysis revealed 17 amino acids,with L-serine and aspartic acid being the most abundant in the extracts,nevertheless ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced total free amino acid content.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated an increase in the diversity and quantity of compounds in the vine tea water extracts obtained through ultrasonic-assisted extraction.Specifically,69 and 68 volatile compounds were found in URE and UBE extracts,which were higher than the number found in RE and BE extracts.In vitro,antioxidant activity assessments revealed varying antioxidant capacities among different extraction methods,with RE exhibiting the highest DPPH scavenging rate,URE leading in ABTS•+free radical scavenging,and BE demonstrating superior ferric ion reducing antioxidant activity.Conclusion:The findings suggest that extraction methods significantly influence the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of vine tea extracts.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction proved instrumental in elevating the DMY content in vine tea extracts,thereby enriching its flavor profile while maintaining its antioxidant properties.展开更多
Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for...Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for their potential benefits for humans and theenvironment. However, a comprehensive overview of the development trends and researchhotspots of plant-based diets is still lacking. Therefore, this scientometric study aimed to fillthis critical research gap. Methods: English literature related to plant-based diets publishedfrom 2012 to 2023 in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) of Web of Science CoreCollection was collected on August 16, 2023, using relevant key terms. R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used to analyze data and construct knowledge graphs.Results: Overall, 4135 publications (3127 articles and 1008 reviews) were included in thisstudy, showing an obvious upward trend in this field annually from 2012 to 2023, rangingfrom 70 to 921. The USA published the highest number of studies (n =1158) and was theleading research center in this field worldwide. Universities were the main researchinstitutions;particularly, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health contributed to thelargest number of publications (n = 88) and had an active cooperation with otherinstitutions. Mcclements DJ contributed the most publications (n = 49) and ranked firstamong the scholars in plant-based diets. The most productive academic journal (n = 353)on plant-based diets was Nutrients, with an IF2022 of 5.9, while Foods and Frontiers in Nutritionwere the relatively active journals in this field in recent years. “Quality,” “milk,” “culturedmeat,” “plant protein,” “environmental impacts,” “functional properties,” “plant-based meatalternative,” “dietary change,” “vegan diet,” “plant-based beverage,” “gut microbiota,”“middle-income countries,” and “chronic kidney disease” were the main research hotspotsand frontiers in the field of plant-based diets. Conclusion: This study provides acomprehensive overview of global research on plant-based diets. Although research in thisfield has gained increasing attention in recent decades, cooperation among differentinstitutions and researchers should be significantly strengthened. Moreover, more studiesare needed to further assess the health and environmental impacts of plant-based diets.展开更多
Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced...Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced intestinal disorders,and compared the regulation patterns associated with gut microbiome and metabolome.The results showed plant-based milk alleviated the ceftriaxone caused cecum swelling,colonic tissue damage and intestinal microecological disorders.Meanwhile,administered plant-based milk decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and oxidative stresses(malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the colon,as well as increasing the levels of tight junction proteins(Occludin,Claudin-1,and ZO-1)in the colon.Moreover,administration of plant-based milk modulated the intestinal microbiota by promoting the relative levels of beneficial bacteria(Bifidobacterium),and inhibiting the harmful bacteria genus(Enterococcus).Furthermore,plant-based milk treatment significantly modulated glycerophospholipids metabolism(e.g.glycerophosphocholine)and arachidonic acid metabolism(e.g.prostaglandin G2 and arachidonic acid)in the serum.In conclusion,plant-based milk could alleviate antibiotic-related imbalance of barrier function damage,gut microbiota disorders and the reduction of metabolic disorders,which lays a foundation for exploring anti-inflammatory and intestinal micro-ecological approach to plant-based milk.展开更多
Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits.Currently,dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage,but it suffers from the presence of indigest...Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits.Currently,dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage,but it suffers from the presence of indigestible lactose and allergenic proteins.Coconut milk has been around for a long time,but its application is limited due to a perceived lack of specific nutrients,high saturated fat levels,and low acceptability.Recent evidence indicates,however,that the saturated fat and other plant-based components found in coconut milk are good for metabolic outcomes and brain health.The conversion of coconut milk to yoghurt will further improve its functionality by boosting its existing nutritional qualities.In this article,the nutritional value of coconut milk,as well as its potential downsides,its application as yoghurt,and suggestions for enhancing its nutritional functionality will be examined.展开更多
Sustainable extraction methods for natural extracts are crucial for mitigating environmental impact.Strategies that focus on waste reduction and resource efficiency contribute to long-term conservation.Hemp seeds,whic...Sustainable extraction methods for natural extracts are crucial for mitigating environmental impact.Strategies that focus on waste reduction and resource efficiency contribute to long-term conservation.Hemp seeds,which were previously treated as waste product,are now valued for their nutrition and functional properties.This study investigated sustainable extraction methods for obtaining natural extracts from hemp seeds,with a focus on reducing environmental impact through efficient resource utilization and waste reduction.The extraction methods compared included supercritical fluid extraction(SFE),Soxhlet extraction(SOX),ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE),cold maceration(CM),and cold pressing(CP).The contents of antioxidants,total phenols,and fatty acids in the extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The extracts were subsequently formulated into organogels to evaluate the stability of the fatty acids.The results showed that SFE and CP were the most efficient and environmentally friendly methods,with SFE allowing complete separation of the solvent from the extract.CP was also found to be effective and environmentally friendly.The study confirmed that formulating extracts in organogels effectively inhibited fatty acid oxidation,although a reduction in fatty acid content was observed during gel production.Overall,the formulation of extracts in organogels increased their stability,especially in preventing fatty acid degradation.展开更多
Consumers are increasingly demanding natural colorants that are safe and offer health benefits.In addition to their ornamental characteristics,Kanzan cherry(KC)blossoms present a promising source of red-hued natural c...Consumers are increasingly demanding natural colorants that are safe and offer health benefits.In addition to their ornamental characteristics,Kanzan cherry(KC)blossoms present a promising source of red-hued natural colorants and functional bioactive substances.This research utilized distilled water to extract KC petals(KCP)and their ground powders(KCPP)under varying temperatures(30℃–90℃)and times(30–180 min).The total monomeric anthocyanins(TMAC)and total phenolics(TPC)in the extracts were evaluated via the pH differential and Folin–Ciocalteu methods.Antioxidant capacities were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging ability and reducing power.Results indicated that the optimal extraction of TMAC and TPC from KCP occurred at 90℃ for 30 min,and the resulting extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activities among all tested temperatures and durations.Compared to different particle sizes,the finest KCPP generally produced extracts with the highest TMAC,TPC,and antioxidant activity,due to enhanced mass and heat transfer.When compared with the acidified alcohol method,hot water extraction resulted in 68.23%and 71.41%TMAC yields for petals and powders,respectively,while TPC levels were similar or higher.TMAC or TPC showed a significantly positive correlation(p<0.01)with the antioxidant activities.These findings demonstrate that hot water extraction is a viable and environmentally friendly alternative for phytochemical recovery from KC.Additionally,elevated extraction temperature and pH accelerated anthocyanin degradation and shortened its half-life,while higher pH also lowered the activation energy,enthalpy,entropy,and Gibbs free energy.Thus,red–orange KC extracts with rich bioactivity may serve as promising ingredients for functional foods having acidic pH levels.展开更多
Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive compone...Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive components.The oral lyophilized powder of the pig spleen extracts(PAT)composed of oligonucleotides and peptides extracted from fresh pig spleen and delivered via a lipid mixture containing neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cationic lipid CLD(Mix),has demonstrated significant antitumor effects against A549 and BCPAP cells,promoting early and late apoptosis by approximately 20%in A549 cells.Intratumoral administration of PAT/Mix in A549-bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor volume and weight.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested that PAT/Mix exerted its antitumor activity by silencing DEPDC1 mRNA in A549 cells,thereby influencing cellular processes and metabolic pathways.Additionally,PAT/Mix was found to promote the maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells(BMDCs),enhancing antigen processing and presentation.These findings indicated that PAT/Mix held promise as a therapeutic agent with both immunomodulatory and antitumor properties,owing not only to its peptide components but also to miRNAs,which played a critical therapeutic role.展开更多
Background:Fruits of Indian gooseberry or Amla or Aonla(Phyllanthus emblica)are important ingredients in many Ayurvedic medicines,but little is known about its leaves.Methods:Different extracts and crude alkaloids of ...Background:Fruits of Indian gooseberry or Amla or Aonla(Phyllanthus emblica)are important ingredients in many Ayurvedic medicines,but little is known about its leaves.Methods:Different extracts and crude alkaloids of P.emblica leaves were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against clinically important microbes using agar well diffusion assay.The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract(ME)of P.emblica leaves was also compared with similarly prepared methanolic extracts from leaves of Yellow Kaner(Cascabela peruviana),Parijaat or Harsingar(Nyctanthes arbor-tristis),Custard apple(Annona squamosa),Garlic vine(Mansoa alliacea),Shami plant(Prosopis cineraria),Madar(Calotropis gigantea),and Bael(Aegle marmelos).Results:The ME of leaves of P.emblica was the most potent preparation against bacteria and yeast.Of the 338 strains of microbes belonging to 100 species(96 bacteria and four Candida species),the ME of P.emblica inhibited the growth of 300 strains.A total of 84.62%,96.39%,and 100%of 221 G−bacteria,111 G+bacteria,and 6 Candida species strains,respectively,were inhibited by ME of P.emblica leaves at≤36 mg/well.The aqueous extract of P.emblica leaves also inhibited a similar number of bacterial strains,but at higher concentrations,while the ether extract could inhibit only staphylococci.The alkaloid from P.emblica leaves and the ME from leaves of other plants had insignificant antimicrobial activity at similar≤36 mg/well concentration.Conclusion:The study concluded that the ME of P.emblica leaves may be a useful source of a potent,wide-spectrum antimicrobial substance(s).展开更多
BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inf...BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have shown promising effects.However,poor bioavailability limits their clinical application.AIM To map global research trends,key contributors,and emerging themes in plant-based therapies combined with advanced drug delivery systems for liver health.METHODS Using the Scopus database,645 documents were retrieved and analyzed using bibliometric tools Biblioshiny and VOSviewer.Analysis focused on publication trends,geographical contributions,and advancements in drug delivery technologies,including nanoparticles,liposomes,and polymeric micelles.Metrics such as publication growth rate,authorship collaboration,and thematic clustering were assessed.RESULTS The dataset spans 43 years(1981-2024),with an annual growth rate of 11.09%in the number of publications.Research output is dominated by China(33%),followed by the United States(24%)and India(18%).Collaborative studies accounted for 24.34%of publications,with an average of 5.81 co-authors per document.Key innovations include nanoparticle encapsulation of curcumin and silymarin,improving bioavailability by up to 85%.Highly cited studies demonstrated the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-fibrotic properties of these compounds.For instance,curcumin nanoparticles showed a 70%improvement in solubility,and silymarin liposomal formulations enhanced therapeutic efficiency by 62%.Thematic analysis revealed a transition from basic clinical observations to molecular and pharmacokinetic research,with a focus on oxidative stress mitigation and hepatoprotection.CONCLUSION This study highlights the growing synergy between plant-based therapies and advanced drug delivery systems,with significant contributions from Asian and Western countries.Future efforts should prioritize clinical trials,standardization of plant extract formulations,and interdisciplinary approaches to maximize therapeutic outcomes.The findings provide a foundation for integrating plant-derived compounds into evidence-based hepatological therapies,addressing critical challenges in bioavailability and safety.展开更多
Anoectochilus roxburghii from different planting sources was used as the research object,and the biological activity of its extracts was compared.The results showed that the whole plant extracts of A.roxburghii plante...Anoectochilus roxburghii from different planting sources was used as the research object,and the biological activity of its extracts was compared.The results showed that the whole plant extracts of A.roxburghii planted in bag culture (BAG),greenhouse cultivation (GRE) and tissue culture seedlings (TIS) were rich in active ingredients such as A.roxburghii polysaccharides and A.roxburghii glycosides.In vitro experiments showed that Anoectochilus roxburghii extracts from different planting sources had good antioxidant capacity,tyrosinase inhibition ability and hyaluronidase inhibition ability.Among them,the GRE Anoectochilus roxburghii whole plant extract had the strongest scavenging ability on DPPH free radical,ABTS free radical and hydroxyl free radical,and the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and hyaluronidase activity was significantly higher than that of BAG and TIS.At the same time,it also verified that the extract of Anoectochilus roxburghii has antioxidant,whitening,anti-inflammatory and other skin care effects,which provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of Anoectochilus roxburghii extract in the field of cosmetics.展开更多
The valorization of Amazonian wood residues into active chemical compounds could be an eco-friendly,cost-effective and valuable way to develop wood preservative formulations to enhance the decay and termite resistance...The valorization of Amazonian wood residues into active chemical compounds could be an eco-friendly,cost-effective and valuable way to develop wood preservative formulations to enhance the decay and termite resistance of low-durable wood species.Wacapou(Vouacapoua americana.,Fabaceae)is a well-known Guianese wood spe-cies commonly used in local wood construction due to its outstanding natural durability,which results from the presence of a large panel of extractives compounds.In addition,its industrial processing generates large amounts of residues.Wacapou residues were extracted by maceration using four different solvents(water/ethanol,ethyl acetate,hexane and dichloromethane/methanol),separately and successively.The yield of each extractive fraction was determined,and their chemical compositions were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(LC-MS).Ethyl acetate led to the highest extraction yield,and the active compounds were identified in the obtained extractive fraction.In this sense,the fungicidal and termite-repellent properties of these extractives were then tested using a screening laboratory(with temperate and tropical microorganisms),according to the solution concentration(1%,2.5%,5%,8%and 10%).Finally,Virola michelii Heckel wood samples(low durable species)were impregnated with the 8%concentration solution.The impregnated wood samples were then exposed to a soil bed test.The results highlighted that the nature of the solvent used during wood maceration affects the con-tent of the obtained extractive fractions.Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry(UHPLC-HRMS)analyses showed the influence of extraction parameters on the nature of the extracted molecules.Wacapou extracts(from ethyl acetate maceration)showed good anti-fungal and anti-termite activities.Additionally,the concentration in extractives had an impact on the anti-termite activity level for Reti-culitermesflavipes and Cryptotermes sp.Formulations based on Wacapou extractives showed a good potential for valorization in eco-friendly preservatives,aiming to confer better durability to local low-durability wood species.展开更多
Periodontitis is an inflammatory infectious disease affecting the periodontal supporting tissues and is the primary cause of tooth loosening and tooth loss in adults.Clinically,supragingival scaling,subgingival scalin...Periodontitis is an inflammatory infectious disease affecting the periodontal supporting tissues and is the primary cause of tooth loosening and tooth loss in adults.Clinically,supragingival scaling,subgingival scaling,root planing,and other basic periodontal treatments,often combined with antibiotic therapy,are commonly employed with moderate efficacy.However,the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and associated adverse reactions has become a growing concern.Recent studies have demonstrated the significant impact of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)extracts in both the prevention and treatment of periodontitis,exhibiting remarkable effectiveness.This review explores the role and mechanisms of TCM extracts in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis,providing a reference for further elucidation of their mechanisms and a theoretical basis for the development of Chinese herbal medicine-based care products.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease ranks among the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide.Myocardial infarction injury poses a prevalent challenge in current therapies.Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cel...BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease ranks among the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide.Myocardial infarction injury poses a prevalent challenge in current therapies.Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation increases cytokine release,reduces myocardial cell necrosis,and improves left ventricular function;thus,it can be used to understand protective mechanisms.Fat extract(FE)derived from mesenchymal stem cell therapy contains high levels of paracrine factors.AIM To study the effects of FE on myocardial injury and its mechanism of action.METHODS A mouse model of myocardial infarction and a hypoxic model of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes(CMs)were established to evaluate the effects of FE.RESULTS FE exhibited an inhibitory effect on CM apoptosis and improved left ventricular function.This protective effect of FE on CMs was mediated,in part,by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway.CONCLUSION Our findings showed that FE could be a new treatment to protect CMs in ischemic heart disease.展开更多
Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. ...Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. poses major constraints to strawberry production and productivity. Grey mold severely impacts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were pathogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the pathogen-producing symptoms in the fava bean pods, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while Pseudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. Pot evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest percent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly improved plant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg compared to 0.14 kg in the control. The promising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their potential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions.展开更多
Antibiotic-resistant genes have become a threat to synthetic or conventional medications and because of this much work has been done on using plants and plants part to treat disease caused by bacteria, Herbal medicine...Antibiotic-resistant genes have become a threat to synthetic or conventional medications and because of this much work has been done on using plants and plants part to treat disease caused by bacteria, Herbal medicine has served as effective treatment against various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and multi drug-resistant strains of bacteria which made it advantageous over synthetic medications. This study aimed to reveal the sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae from clinical isolate and perform antibacterial assay on the organism using plants leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Sida acuta, Newbouldia laevia and Mimosa pudica. Gram staining and various biochemical test were used for the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The plants leaves were aseptically washed, dried and ground into fine powder and diluted in varying concentration and agar well diffusion method was used to test for the antimicrobial properties of this plants on Streptococcus pneumoniae at various concentrations as follows 0.1 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml and 1 g/ml. The plants extract of Ocimum gratissimum showed a greater antibacterial effects on Streptococcus pneumoniae in high concentration more than other plant extracts while Sida acuta and Newbouldia laevia plant extract showed weak antibacterial properties to the organism. This proves that Ocimum gratissimum and Mimosa pudica leaves have good and strong antibacterial properties against Streptococcus pneumoniae than Sida acuta and Newbouldia laevia and can be used as antibacterial agent at adequate concentrations.展开更多
This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individual...This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011−2018).Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points.Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index(PDI),healthful plant-based diet index(hPDI),and unhealthful plant-based diet index(uPDI)derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Blood pressure was measured through physical examination.Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed.Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group.The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI,among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI,and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI.A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment,while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertensioninduced cognitive impairment in elderly.Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.展开更多
Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are...Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.展开更多
Plant-based meat analogues(PBMA)are formulated to mimic the sensory characteristics of traditional meat products(TMP)using vegetarian ingredients and are increasingly popular with the trend towards plantbased diets,ev...Plant-based meat analogues(PBMA)are formulated to mimic the sensory characteristics of traditional meat products(TMP)using vegetarian ingredients and are increasingly popular with the trend towards plantbased diets,even among meat-eating consumers.This narrative review compared the nutritional quality of PBMA and TMP to broaden the discussion on the suitability of simulated meat products to substitute TMP,while exploring other attributes for their comparison.The complexity of PBMA and TMP means they are not entirely interchangeable.Importantly,PBMA health effects extend beyond their basic nutrient content and quality.Postprandial metabolism and satiety,for example,can be affected by product formulation,ingredient interactions,and thermomechanical processing involved in producing organoleptically acceptable PBMA.There are specific opportunities for low-sodium PBMA products to contribute to a healthy shift toward plantbased diets.In conclusion,PBMA cannot be assumed to be healthier than TMP.They should be designed with comprehensive consideration of composition and processing to ensure they support consumers who are adopting plant-based diets in realizing the theoretical health benefits.展开更多
Both rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis)and marjoram(Origanum majorana)are abundant in phenolic compounds,exhibiting exceptional antioxidant activity.This study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts...Both rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis)and marjoram(Origanum majorana)are abundant in phenolic compounds,exhibiting exceptional antioxidant activity.This study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts on the stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating.Sunflower oil supplemented with herbal extracts or butylated hydroxytoluene(BHA)at a concentration of 200 ppm was stored for six months under light and dark conditions at room temperature.Peroxide value(PV),p-anisidine value(An-V),and total oxidation(TOTOX)value were measured to monitor lipid oxidation progression.A significant difference(P<0.05)was observed between light and dark storage for all studied samples regarding oxidation parameters.The ethanolic extract of rosemary exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to BHA and other extracts.Furthermore,sunflower oil supplemented with the ethanolic extract of rosemary underwent weekly treatment at 100℃for 30 min over four consecutive weeks.Although all oxidation indicators increased during repeated heating,the addition of rosemary and marjoram extracts as well as BHA significantly reduced these indicators.These findings demonstrate that both rosemary extracts and marjoram extracts can serve as natural antioxidants in edible oils.展开更多
The world will benefit from more effective antimicrobial agents against oral conditions arising from the actions of biofilm forming bacteria. Also, information is lacking on the oral biofilm-forming bacterial diversit...The world will benefit from more effective antimicrobial agents against oral conditions arising from the actions of biofilm forming bacteria. Also, information is lacking on the oral biofilm-forming bacterial diversity in Southwestern Nigeria. In this study, we isolate and characterize oral biofilm producing bacteria in the oral cavities of schoolchildren in Southwestern Nigeria. We also investigate the antimicrobial properties of Macrosphyra longistyla extracts against the biofilm-formers and the toxicity of potent extracts. Samples were obtained from 109 schoolchildren aged 4 - 14 years from Lagos, Oyo and Osun States. Agar well diffusion technique was used in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Toxicity testing was done using brine shrimps (Artemia salina). Biofilm-formers in this study are Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Micrococcus sp. Ethanol leaf extracts had the highest activity against all biofilm-producing bacteria. Ethanol stem bark extract, which elicited activity against Klebsiella only, was found to be less toxic than the ethanol leaf extract. Staphylococcus showed >10 mm susceptibility to the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla. Streptococcus and Micrococcus were susceptible to the antimicrobial actions of the ethanolic leaf extracts. Although the ethanol extracts of the leaves had lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than the ethanol extracts of the stem bark, toxicity studies showed ethanol extracts of the stem-bark to be more toxic than the ethanol extracts of the leaves. In conclusion, ethanolic extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla show potential as sources of antimicrobials against gram-positive, oral biofilm-forming bacteria.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province of China(No.2022NK2036)Xiangxi Prefecture Science and Technology Plan Project"School-Local Integration"Special Project(No.2022001)the scientific research project of Hunan Provincial Department of Education(No.22B0520).
文摘Background:Ampelopsis grossedentata,vine tea,which is the tea alternative beverages in China.In vine tea processing,a large amount of broken tea is produced,which has low commercial value.Methods:This study investigates the influence of different extraction methods(room temperature water extraction,boiling water extraction,ultrasonic-assisted room temperature water extraction,and ultrasonic-assisted boiling water extraction,referred to as room temperature water extraction(RE),boiling water extraction(BE),ultrasonic assistance at room temperature water extraction(URE),and ultrasonic assistance in boiling water extraction(UBE))on the yield,dihydromyricetin(DMY)content,free amino acid composition,volatile aroma components,and antioxidant properties of vine tea extracts.Results:A notable influence of extraction temperature on the yield of vine tea extracts(P<0.05),with BE yielding the highest at 43.13±0.26%,higher than that of RE(34.29±0.81%).Ultrasound-assisted extraction significantly increased the DMY content of the extracts(P<0.05),whereas DMY content in the RE extracts was 59.94±1.70%,that of URE reached 66.14±2.78%.Analysis revealed 17 amino acids,with L-serine and aspartic acid being the most abundant in the extracts,nevertheless ultrasound-assisted extraction reduced total free amino acid content.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated an increase in the diversity and quantity of compounds in the vine tea water extracts obtained through ultrasonic-assisted extraction.Specifically,69 and 68 volatile compounds were found in URE and UBE extracts,which were higher than the number found in RE and BE extracts.In vitro,antioxidant activity assessments revealed varying antioxidant capacities among different extraction methods,with RE exhibiting the highest DPPH scavenging rate,URE leading in ABTS•+free radical scavenging,and BE demonstrating superior ferric ion reducing antioxidant activity.Conclusion:The findings suggest that extraction methods significantly influence the chemical composition and antioxidant properties of vine tea extracts.Ultrasonic-assisted extraction proved instrumental in elevating the DMY content in vine tea extracts,thereby enriching its flavor profile while maintaining its antioxidant properties.
文摘Background: Plant-based diets are eating patterns focusing on high intake of plant-basedfoods while limiting the intake of animal-based foods. In recent decades, plant-based dietshave received increasing attention for their potential benefits for humans and theenvironment. However, a comprehensive overview of the development trends and researchhotspots of plant-based diets is still lacking. Therefore, this scientometric study aimed to fillthis critical research gap. Methods: English literature related to plant-based diets publishedfrom 2012 to 2023 in Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) of Web of Science CoreCollection was collected on August 16, 2023, using relevant key terms. R-bibliometrix,CiteSpace, and VOSviewer were used to analyze data and construct knowledge graphs.Results: Overall, 4135 publications (3127 articles and 1008 reviews) were included in thisstudy, showing an obvious upward trend in this field annually from 2012 to 2023, rangingfrom 70 to 921. The USA published the highest number of studies (n =1158) and was theleading research center in this field worldwide. Universities were the main researchinstitutions;particularly, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health contributed to thelargest number of publications (n = 88) and had an active cooperation with otherinstitutions. Mcclements DJ contributed the most publications (n = 49) and ranked firstamong the scholars in plant-based diets. The most productive academic journal (n = 353)on plant-based diets was Nutrients, with an IF2022 of 5.9, while Foods and Frontiers in Nutritionwere the relatively active journals in this field in recent years. “Quality,” “milk,” “culturedmeat,” “plant protein,” “environmental impacts,” “functional properties,” “plant-based meatalternative,” “dietary change,” “vegan diet,” “plant-based beverage,” “gut microbiota,”“middle-income countries,” and “chronic kidney disease” were the main research hotspotsand frontiers in the field of plant-based diets. Conclusion: This study provides acomprehensive overview of global research on plant-based diets. Although research in thisfield has gained increasing attention in recent decades, cooperation among differentinstitutions and researchers should be significantly strengthened. Moreover, more studiesare needed to further assess the health and environmental impacts of plant-based diets.
基金funded by Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-14)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(11021716001100B)。
文摘Plant-based milk is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids,polyphenols and other bioactive compounds.This study investigated the effect of 3 plant-based milk(flaxseed milk,oat milk and soy milk)on the ceftriaxone-induced intestinal disorders,and compared the regulation patterns associated with gut microbiome and metabolome.The results showed plant-based milk alleviated the ceftriaxone caused cecum swelling,colonic tissue damage and intestinal microecological disorders.Meanwhile,administered plant-based milk decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine(tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and oxidative stresses(malondialdehyde(MDA)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in the colon,as well as increasing the levels of tight junction proteins(Occludin,Claudin-1,and ZO-1)in the colon.Moreover,administration of plant-based milk modulated the intestinal microbiota by promoting the relative levels of beneficial bacteria(Bifidobacterium),and inhibiting the harmful bacteria genus(Enterococcus).Furthermore,plant-based milk treatment significantly modulated glycerophospholipids metabolism(e.g.glycerophosphocholine)and arachidonic acid metabolism(e.g.prostaglandin G2 and arachidonic acid)in the serum.In conclusion,plant-based milk could alleviate antibiotic-related imbalance of barrier function damage,gut microbiota disorders and the reduction of metabolic disorders,which lays a foundation for exploring anti-inflammatory and intestinal micro-ecological approach to plant-based milk.
基金Universiti Putra Malaysia Inisiatif Putra Siswazah Grant,with a reference to UPM.RMC.800-2/1/2022/GPIPS/9740400Ministry of Higher Education,Malaysia(01-01-20-2323FR,with reference code:FRGS/1/2020/STG01/UPM/02/2)for the financial support。
文摘Plant-based milks are on the rise due to an increased awareness of their sustainability and health benefits.Currently,dairy milk is the most nutritionally complete beverage,but it suffers from the presence of indigestible lactose and allergenic proteins.Coconut milk has been around for a long time,but its application is limited due to a perceived lack of specific nutrients,high saturated fat levels,and low acceptability.Recent evidence indicates,however,that the saturated fat and other plant-based components found in coconut milk are good for metabolic outcomes and brain health.The conversion of coconut milk to yoghurt will further improve its functionality by boosting its existing nutritional qualities.In this article,the nutritional value of coconut milk,as well as its potential downsides,its application as yoghurt,and suggestions for enhancing its nutritional functionality will be examined.
基金Support from the Slovenian Research Agency through grant P2-0046 L2-3175 is gratefully acknowledgedthe funding within the project‘Upgrading National Research Infrastructures—RIUM’cofinanced by the Republic of Slovenia,the Ministry of Higher Education,Science and Innovation,and the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund.
文摘Sustainable extraction methods for natural extracts are crucial for mitigating environmental impact.Strategies that focus on waste reduction and resource efficiency contribute to long-term conservation.Hemp seeds,which were previously treated as waste product,are now valued for their nutrition and functional properties.This study investigated sustainable extraction methods for obtaining natural extracts from hemp seeds,with a focus on reducing environmental impact through efficient resource utilization and waste reduction.The extraction methods compared included supercritical fluid extraction(SFE),Soxhlet extraction(SOX),ultrasound-assisted extraction(UAE),cold maceration(CM),and cold pressing(CP).The contents of antioxidants,total phenols,and fatty acids in the extracts were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The extracts were subsequently formulated into organogels to evaluate the stability of the fatty acids.The results showed that SFE and CP were the most efficient and environmentally friendly methods,with SFE allowing complete separation of the solvent from the extract.CP was also found to be effective and environmentally friendly.The study confirmed that formulating extracts in organogels effectively inhibited fatty acid oxidation,although a reduction in fatty acid content was observed during gel production.Overall,the formulation of extracts in organogels increased their stability,especially in preventing fatty acid degradation.
基金funded by the Research Fund(Project Number 2025YB12)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project(2024)of Shanghai Sanda University.
文摘Consumers are increasingly demanding natural colorants that are safe and offer health benefits.In addition to their ornamental characteristics,Kanzan cherry(KC)blossoms present a promising source of red-hued natural colorants and functional bioactive substances.This research utilized distilled water to extract KC petals(KCP)and their ground powders(KCPP)under varying temperatures(30℃–90℃)and times(30–180 min).The total monomeric anthocyanins(TMAC)and total phenolics(TPC)in the extracts were evaluated via the pH differential and Folin–Ciocalteu methods.Antioxidant capacities were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging ability and reducing power.Results indicated that the optimal extraction of TMAC and TPC from KCP occurred at 90℃ for 30 min,and the resulting extracts exhibited the highest antioxidant activities among all tested temperatures and durations.Compared to different particle sizes,the finest KCPP generally produced extracts with the highest TMAC,TPC,and antioxidant activity,due to enhanced mass and heat transfer.When compared with the acidified alcohol method,hot water extraction resulted in 68.23%and 71.41%TMAC yields for petals and powders,respectively,while TPC levels were similar or higher.TMAC or TPC showed a significantly positive correlation(p<0.01)with the antioxidant activities.These findings demonstrate that hot water extraction is a viable and environmentally friendly alternative for phytochemical recovery from KC.Additionally,elevated extraction temperature and pH accelerated anthocyanin degradation and shortened its half-life,while higher pH also lowered the activation energy,enthalpy,entropy,and Gibbs free energy.Thus,red–orange KC extracts with rich bioactivity may serve as promising ingredients for functional foods having acidic pH levels.
基金The Contract Grant from Zhejiang Fengan Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd,Zhejiang Province,China。
文摘Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has been utilized in China for thousands of years to treat and prevent various diseases,with recent research highlighting microRNAs(miRNAs)in herbal decoctions as key bioactive components.The oral lyophilized powder of the pig spleen extracts(PAT)composed of oligonucleotides and peptides extracted from fresh pig spleen and delivered via a lipid mixture containing neutral cytidinyl lipid DNCA and cationic lipid CLD(Mix),has demonstrated significant antitumor effects against A549 and BCPAP cells,promoting early and late apoptosis by approximately 20%in A549 cells.Intratumoral administration of PAT/Mix in A549-bearing mice significantly reduced both tumor volume and weight.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses suggested that PAT/Mix exerted its antitumor activity by silencing DEPDC1 mRNA in A549 cells,thereby influencing cellular processes and metabolic pathways.Additionally,PAT/Mix was found to promote the maturation of bone marrow dendritic cells(BMDCs),enhancing antigen processing and presentation.These findings indicated that PAT/Mix held promise as a therapeutic agent with both immunomodulatory and antitumor properties,owing not only to its peptide components but also to miRNAs,which played a critical therapeutic role.
基金supported by grants from CAAST-ACLH(NAHEP/CAAST/2018-19)of the ICAR-World Bank-funded National Agricultural Higher Education Project(NAHEP).
文摘Background:Fruits of Indian gooseberry or Amla or Aonla(Phyllanthus emblica)are important ingredients in many Ayurvedic medicines,but little is known about its leaves.Methods:Different extracts and crude alkaloids of P.emblica leaves were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against clinically important microbes using agar well diffusion assay.The antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract(ME)of P.emblica leaves was also compared with similarly prepared methanolic extracts from leaves of Yellow Kaner(Cascabela peruviana),Parijaat or Harsingar(Nyctanthes arbor-tristis),Custard apple(Annona squamosa),Garlic vine(Mansoa alliacea),Shami plant(Prosopis cineraria),Madar(Calotropis gigantea),and Bael(Aegle marmelos).Results:The ME of leaves of P.emblica was the most potent preparation against bacteria and yeast.Of the 338 strains of microbes belonging to 100 species(96 bacteria and four Candida species),the ME of P.emblica inhibited the growth of 300 strains.A total of 84.62%,96.39%,and 100%of 221 G−bacteria,111 G+bacteria,and 6 Candida species strains,respectively,were inhibited by ME of P.emblica leaves at≤36 mg/well.The aqueous extract of P.emblica leaves also inhibited a similar number of bacterial strains,but at higher concentrations,while the ether extract could inhibit only staphylococci.The alkaloid from P.emblica leaves and the ME from leaves of other plants had insignificant antimicrobial activity at similar≤36 mg/well concentration.Conclusion:The study concluded that the ME of P.emblica leaves may be a useful source of a potent,wide-spectrum antimicrobial substance(s).
文摘BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have shown promising effects.However,poor bioavailability limits their clinical application.AIM To map global research trends,key contributors,and emerging themes in plant-based therapies combined with advanced drug delivery systems for liver health.METHODS Using the Scopus database,645 documents were retrieved and analyzed using bibliometric tools Biblioshiny and VOSviewer.Analysis focused on publication trends,geographical contributions,and advancements in drug delivery technologies,including nanoparticles,liposomes,and polymeric micelles.Metrics such as publication growth rate,authorship collaboration,and thematic clustering were assessed.RESULTS The dataset spans 43 years(1981-2024),with an annual growth rate of 11.09%in the number of publications.Research output is dominated by China(33%),followed by the United States(24%)and India(18%).Collaborative studies accounted for 24.34%of publications,with an average of 5.81 co-authors per document.Key innovations include nanoparticle encapsulation of curcumin and silymarin,improving bioavailability by up to 85%.Highly cited studies demonstrated the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-fibrotic properties of these compounds.For instance,curcumin nanoparticles showed a 70%improvement in solubility,and silymarin liposomal formulations enhanced therapeutic efficiency by 62%.Thematic analysis revealed a transition from basic clinical observations to molecular and pharmacokinetic research,with a focus on oxidative stress mitigation and hepatoprotection.CONCLUSION This study highlights the growing synergy between plant-based therapies and advanced drug delivery systems,with significant contributions from Asian and Western countries.Future efforts should prioritize clinical trials,standardization of plant extract formulations,and interdisciplinary approaches to maximize therapeutic outcomes.The findings provide a foundation for integrating plant-derived compounds into evidence-based hepatological therapies,addressing critical challenges in bioavailability and safety.
文摘Anoectochilus roxburghii from different planting sources was used as the research object,and the biological activity of its extracts was compared.The results showed that the whole plant extracts of A.roxburghii planted in bag culture (BAG),greenhouse cultivation (GRE) and tissue culture seedlings (TIS) were rich in active ingredients such as A.roxburghii polysaccharides and A.roxburghii glycosides.In vitro experiments showed that Anoectochilus roxburghii extracts from different planting sources had good antioxidant capacity,tyrosinase inhibition ability and hyaluronidase inhibition ability.Among them,the GRE Anoectochilus roxburghii whole plant extract had the strongest scavenging ability on DPPH free radical,ABTS free radical and hydroxyl free radical,and the inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and hyaluronidase activity was significantly higher than that of BAG and TIS.At the same time,it also verified that the extract of Anoectochilus roxburghii has antioxidant,whitening,anti-inflammatory and other skin care effects,which provides a theoretical basis for the development and application of Anoectochilus roxburghii extract in the field of cosmetics.
基金PROTEXTWOOD (ID 2202-102) funded through LabEx AGRO ANR-10-LABX-0001-01 (under ISiteUniversité de Montpellier framework)the project PANTHER2-Guyane funded through AgenceNationale de la Recherche (ANR-22-CE43-0019)+2 种基金“Investissement d’Avenir” grant managed by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01)supported by the FEDER (European Regional Development Fund)research project “EcovaloBois” (Project number: GY0015430)by the CNRS peps INSIS2018 research project “GuyavaloFibres”.
文摘The valorization of Amazonian wood residues into active chemical compounds could be an eco-friendly,cost-effective and valuable way to develop wood preservative formulations to enhance the decay and termite resistance of low-durable wood species.Wacapou(Vouacapoua americana.,Fabaceae)is a well-known Guianese wood spe-cies commonly used in local wood construction due to its outstanding natural durability,which results from the presence of a large panel of extractives compounds.In addition,its industrial processing generates large amounts of residues.Wacapou residues were extracted by maceration using four different solvents(water/ethanol,ethyl acetate,hexane and dichloromethane/methanol),separately and successively.The yield of each extractive fraction was determined,and their chemical compositions were analyzed by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(LC-MS).Ethyl acetate led to the highest extraction yield,and the active compounds were identified in the obtained extractive fraction.In this sense,the fungicidal and termite-repellent properties of these extractives were then tested using a screening laboratory(with temperate and tropical microorganisms),according to the solution concentration(1%,2.5%,5%,8%and 10%).Finally,Virola michelii Heckel wood samples(low durable species)were impregnated with the 8%concentration solution.The impregnated wood samples were then exposed to a soil bed test.The results highlighted that the nature of the solvent used during wood maceration affects the con-tent of the obtained extractive fractions.Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography–High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry(UHPLC-HRMS)analyses showed the influence of extraction parameters on the nature of the extracted molecules.Wacapou extracts(from ethyl acetate maceration)showed good anti-fungal and anti-termite activities.Additionally,the concentration in extractives had an impact on the anti-termite activity level for Reti-culitermesflavipes and Cryptotermes sp.Formulations based on Wacapou extractives showed a good potential for valorization in eco-friendly preservatives,aiming to confer better durability to local low-durability wood species.
基金supported in part by the Natural Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(QiankeheJichu-ZK[2022]Yiban606)National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160181)+1 种基金Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Health and Health Committee(gzwkj2024-455)Zunyi Oral Disease Immune Prevention and Medical Biomaterials Research and Development Innovation Talent Team(Zunyi Science Talent[2022]No.1).
文摘Periodontitis is an inflammatory infectious disease affecting the periodontal supporting tissues and is the primary cause of tooth loosening and tooth loss in adults.Clinically,supragingival scaling,subgingival scaling,root planing,and other basic periodontal treatments,often combined with antibiotic therapy,are commonly employed with moderate efficacy.However,the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and associated adverse reactions has become a growing concern.Recent studies have demonstrated the significant impact of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)extracts in both the prevention and treatment of periodontitis,exhibiting remarkable effectiveness.This review explores the role and mechanisms of TCM extracts in the prevention and treatment of periodontitis,providing a reference for further elucidation of their mechanisms and a theoretical basis for the development of Chinese herbal medicine-based care products.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82200270and the Vascular Disease Discipline Cluster,No.SKQJS202402.
文摘BACKGROUND Ischemic heart disease ranks among the foremost contributors to mortality worldwide.Myocardial infarction injury poses a prevalent challenge in current therapies.Studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cell transplantation increases cytokine release,reduces myocardial cell necrosis,and improves left ventricular function;thus,it can be used to understand protective mechanisms.Fat extract(FE)derived from mesenchymal stem cell therapy contains high levels of paracrine factors.AIM To study the effects of FE on myocardial injury and its mechanism of action.METHODS A mouse model of myocardial infarction and a hypoxic model of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes(CMs)were established to evaluate the effects of FE.RESULTS FE exhibited an inhibitory effect on CM apoptosis and improved left ventricular function.This protective effect of FE on CMs was mediated,in part,by the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling pathway.CONCLUSION Our findings showed that FE could be a new treatment to protect CMs in ischemic heart disease.
文摘Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) is a significant global soft fruit crop, prized for its nutrient content and pleasant flavor. However, diseases, particularly grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea Pers. Fr. poses major constraints to strawberry production and productivity. Grey mold severely impacts fruit quality and quantity, diminishing market value. This study evaluated five B. cinerea isolates from various locations in the Ri-Bhoi district of Meghalaya. All isolates were pathogenic, with isolate SGM 2 identified as highly virulent. Host range studies showed the pathogen-producing symptoms in the fava bean pods, marigold, gerbera, and chrysanthemum flowers and in the fava bean, gerbera, and lettuce leaves. In vitro tests revealed that neem extract (15% w/v) achieved the highest mycelial growth inhibition at 76.66%, while black turmeric extract (5% w/v) had the lowest inhibition at 9.62%. Dual culture methods with bio-control agents indicated that Bacillus subtilis recorded the highest mean inhibition at 77.03%, while Pseudomonas fluorescens had the lowest at 20.36% against the two virulent isolates. Pot evaluations demonstrated that B. subtilis resulted in the lowest percent disease index at 20.59%, followed by neem extract at 23.31%, with the highest disease index in the control group at 42.51%. Additionally, B. subtilis significantly improved plant growth, yielding an average of 0.32 kg compared to 0.14 kg in the control. The promising results of B. subtilis and neem leaf extract from this study suggest their potential for eco-friendly managing grey mold in strawberries under field conditions.
文摘Antibiotic-resistant genes have become a threat to synthetic or conventional medications and because of this much work has been done on using plants and plants part to treat disease caused by bacteria, Herbal medicine has served as effective treatment against various diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and multi drug-resistant strains of bacteria which made it advantageous over synthetic medications. This study aimed to reveal the sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae from clinical isolate and perform antibacterial assay on the organism using plants leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum, Sida acuta, Newbouldia laevia and Mimosa pudica. Gram staining and various biochemical test were used for the identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The plants leaves were aseptically washed, dried and ground into fine powder and diluted in varying concentration and agar well diffusion method was used to test for the antimicrobial properties of this plants on Streptococcus pneumoniae at various concentrations as follows 0.1 g/ml, 0.4 g/ml, 0.6 g/ml and 1 g/ml. The plants extract of Ocimum gratissimum showed a greater antibacterial effects on Streptococcus pneumoniae in high concentration more than other plant extracts while Sida acuta and Newbouldia laevia plant extract showed weak antibacterial properties to the organism. This proves that Ocimum gratissimum and Mimosa pudica leaves have good and strong antibacterial properties against Streptococcus pneumoniae than Sida acuta and Newbouldia laevia and can be used as antibacterial agent at adequate concentrations.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC2000400)the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(72061137004)+1 种基金the National Institute on Aging of National Institutes of Health(P01AG031719)Duke/DukeNUS(grant RECA(Pilot)/2019/0051 to Y.Z.).
文摘This study investigated the association of hypertension with cognitive impairment and determined whether better adherence to plant-based diet(PBD)patterns may modify the association.We analyzed 4485 elderly individuals with normal cognition at baseline from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey(2011−2018).Cognitive function was assessed by the Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE),and cognitive impairment was defined as an MMSE score below 18 points.Diet patterns were assessed using the overall plant-based diet index(PDI),healthful plant-based diet index(hPDI),and unhealthful plant-based diet index(uPDI)derived from a simplified food frequency questionnaire(FFQ).Blood pressure was measured through physical examination.Cox proportional hazard regression and restricted cubic spline were performed.Participants with hypertension had an increased risk of cognitive impairment compared with normal group.The associations between hypertension and cognitive impairment were more pronounced among participants with lower PDI than those with higher PDI,among participants with lower hPDI than those with higher hPDI,and among participants with higher uPDI than those with lower uPDI.A healthful PBD pattern may attenuate hypertension-induced cognitive impairment,while an unhealthful PBD pattern may exacerbate hypertensioninduced cognitive impairment in elderly.Adherence to healthful PBD pattern could be used to prevent or mitigate adverse neurological effects in the hypertensive population.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52203209)the State Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Reuse for Building Materials,China(No.SWR-2022-009)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.FRF-IDRY22-012)。
文摘Silver nanoparticles(Ag NPs)have attracted attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent antibacterial property.However,the reducing and stabilizing agents used for the chemical reduction of Ag NPs are usually toxic and may cause water pollution.In this work,Ag NPs(31.2 nm in diameter)were prepared using the extract of straw,an agricultural waste,as the reducing and stabilizing agent.Experimental analysis revealed that the straw extract contained lignin,the structure of which possesses phenolic hydroxyl and methoxy groups that facilitate the reduction of silver salts into Ag NPs.The surfaces of Ag NPs were negatively charged due to the encapsulation of a thin layer of lignin molecules that prevented their aggregation.After the prepared Ag NPs were added to the precursor solution of acrylamide,free radical polymerization was triggered without the need for extra heating or light irradiation,resulting in the rapid formation of an Ag NP-polyacrylamide composite hydrogel.The inhibition zone test proved that the composite hydrogel possessed excellent antibacterial ability due to the presence of Ag NPs.The prepared hydrogel may have potential applications in the fabrication of biomedical materials,such as antibacterial dressings.
基金supported by Mitacs through the Mitacs Business Strategy Internship.
文摘Plant-based meat analogues(PBMA)are formulated to mimic the sensory characteristics of traditional meat products(TMP)using vegetarian ingredients and are increasingly popular with the trend towards plantbased diets,even among meat-eating consumers.This narrative review compared the nutritional quality of PBMA and TMP to broaden the discussion on the suitability of simulated meat products to substitute TMP,while exploring other attributes for their comparison.The complexity of PBMA and TMP means they are not entirely interchangeable.Importantly,PBMA health effects extend beyond their basic nutrient content and quality.Postprandial metabolism and satiety,for example,can be affected by product formulation,ingredient interactions,and thermomechanical processing involved in producing organoleptically acceptable PBMA.There are specific opportunities for low-sodium PBMA products to contribute to a healthy shift toward plantbased diets.In conclusion,PBMA cannot be assumed to be healthier than TMP.They should be designed with comprehensive consideration of composition and processing to ensure they support consumers who are adopting plant-based diets in realizing the theoretical health benefits.
文摘Both rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis)and marjoram(Origanum majorana)are abundant in phenolic compounds,exhibiting exceptional antioxidant activity.This study aims to assess the impact of rosemary and marjoram extracts on the stability of sunflower oil during storage and repeated heating.Sunflower oil supplemented with herbal extracts or butylated hydroxytoluene(BHA)at a concentration of 200 ppm was stored for six months under light and dark conditions at room temperature.Peroxide value(PV),p-anisidine value(An-V),and total oxidation(TOTOX)value were measured to monitor lipid oxidation progression.A significant difference(P<0.05)was observed between light and dark storage for all studied samples regarding oxidation parameters.The ethanolic extract of rosemary exhibited higher antioxidant activity compared to BHA and other extracts.Furthermore,sunflower oil supplemented with the ethanolic extract of rosemary underwent weekly treatment at 100℃for 30 min over four consecutive weeks.Although all oxidation indicators increased during repeated heating,the addition of rosemary and marjoram extracts as well as BHA significantly reduced these indicators.These findings demonstrate that both rosemary extracts and marjoram extracts can serve as natural antioxidants in edible oils.
文摘The world will benefit from more effective antimicrobial agents against oral conditions arising from the actions of biofilm forming bacteria. Also, information is lacking on the oral biofilm-forming bacterial diversity in Southwestern Nigeria. In this study, we isolate and characterize oral biofilm producing bacteria in the oral cavities of schoolchildren in Southwestern Nigeria. We also investigate the antimicrobial properties of Macrosphyra longistyla extracts against the biofilm-formers and the toxicity of potent extracts. Samples were obtained from 109 schoolchildren aged 4 - 14 years from Lagos, Oyo and Osun States. Agar well diffusion technique was used in the antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Toxicity testing was done using brine shrimps (Artemia salina). Biofilm-formers in this study are Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp., and Micrococcus sp. Ethanol leaf extracts had the highest activity against all biofilm-producing bacteria. Ethanol stem bark extract, which elicited activity against Klebsiella only, was found to be less toxic than the ethanol leaf extract. Staphylococcus showed >10 mm susceptibility to the ethanol and aqueous extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla. Streptococcus and Micrococcus were susceptible to the antimicrobial actions of the ethanolic leaf extracts. Although the ethanol extracts of the leaves had lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than the ethanol extracts of the stem bark, toxicity studies showed ethanol extracts of the stem-bark to be more toxic than the ethanol extracts of the leaves. In conclusion, ethanolic extracts of Macrosphyra longistyla show potential as sources of antimicrobials against gram-positive, oral biofilm-forming bacteria.
