BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inf...BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have shown promising effects.However,poor bioavailability limits their clinical application.AIM To map global research trends,key contributors,and emerging themes in plant-based therapies combined with advanced drug delivery systems for liver health.METHODS Using the Scopus database,645 documents were retrieved and analyzed using bibliometric tools Biblioshiny and VOSviewer.Analysis focused on publication trends,geographical contributions,and advancements in drug delivery technologies,including nanoparticles,liposomes,and polymeric micelles.Metrics such as publication growth rate,authorship collaboration,and thematic clustering were assessed.RESULTS The dataset spans 43 years(1981-2024),with an annual growth rate of 11.09%in the number of publications.Research output is dominated by China(33%),followed by the United States(24%)and India(18%).Collaborative studies accounted for 24.34%of publications,with an average of 5.81 co-authors per document.Key innovations include nanoparticle encapsulation of curcumin and silymarin,improving bioavailability by up to 85%.Highly cited studies demonstrated the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-fibrotic properties of these compounds.For instance,curcumin nanoparticles showed a 70%improvement in solubility,and silymarin liposomal formulations enhanced therapeutic efficiency by 62%.Thematic analysis revealed a transition from basic clinical observations to molecular and pharmacokinetic research,with a focus on oxidative stress mitigation and hepatoprotection.CONCLUSION This study highlights the growing synergy between plant-based therapies and advanced drug delivery systems,with significant contributions from Asian and Western countries.Future efforts should prioritize clinical trials,standardization of plant extract formulations,and interdisciplinary approaches to maximize therapeutic outcomes.The findings provide a foundation for integrating plant-derived compounds into evidence-based hepatological therapies,addressing critical challenges in bioavailability and safety.展开更多
A cytotoxicity study based on keratinocytes was carried out to determine the safe dosing concentration of plant extract formulation(hereinafter referred to as the MOSOGY).On this basis,the 3D epidermal skin model(Epik...A cytotoxicity study based on keratinocytes was carried out to determine the safe dosing concentration of plant extract formulation(hereinafter referred to as the MOSOGY).On this basis,the 3D epidermal skin model(Epikutis^(®),which is abbreviated as Epikutis later)was stimulated with anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS)was used to construct an in vitro 3D epidermal skin injury model and detect the proinflammatory factor(IL-1α)after MOSOGY acted on the 3D epidermal skin model.Additionally,capsaicin(CAP)was used to stimulate the 3D epidermal skin model(EpiKutis)to detect changes in the content of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)after MOSOGY treatment.The hydration levels of the stratum corneum were tested using the 3D epidermal skin model.A hyaluronidase(HAase)inhibition experiment was conducted to assess the soothing effect of BSBE.The experimental results showed that MOSOGY exhibited no significant cytotoxicity within the concentration range of 0~2.50%At a concentration of 2.00%,the inhibition rates of IL-1αand PGE2 were 15.71%and 19.00%respectively.At a concentration of 5.00%,MOSOGY exhibited inhibition rates of 43.76%for TRPV1 and 11.11%for IL-1α.MOSOGY at concentrations of 1.00%and 5.00%showed inhibition rates of 76.50%and 86.50%for HAase,respectively.The moisturizing efficacy test showed that at the concentration of 5.00%,the water content of the stratum corneum of the 3D epidermal skin model increased by 31.91%.In addition,the 3D epidermal skin model used in this experiment has the characteristics of layered structure,physiological and metabolic functions that are highly similar to natural human skin.The above research shows that MOSOGY at a certain concentration effectively inhibits IL-1α,PGE2,TRPV1 and HAase in human skin,especially the inhibition rate of HAase is more than 70.00%,indicating that BSBE have strong anti-allergic effect,and skin hydration of the 3D epidermal skin model also has a significant increase.The results indicate that MOSOGY exhibits inhibitory effects on IL-1α,PGE2,TRPV1,and HAase,achieving significant soothing and reparative effects through the inhibition of multiple targets.Additionally,it demonstrates good moisturizing efficacy and safety,making it suitable for use in cosmetics with corresponding efficacy claims.展开更多
As the global population continues to expand,the demand for broiler chicken production to supply safe and high-quality meat is increasing.To meet this ever-growing demand,broiler chickens with enhanced growth performa...As the global population continues to expand,the demand for broiler chicken production to supply safe and high-quality meat is increasing.To meet this ever-growing demand,broiler chickens with enhanced growth performance are being developed,but they often face challenges related to oxidative stress,which can adversely affect gut health.Phytobiotics,which are plant-derived feed additives known for their antimicrobial,antioxidant,immune-modulating,and growth-promoting properties,have emerged as promising natural alternatives to synthetic antibiotics.This review consolidates recent advancements in the use of phytobiotics-derived products from leaves,roots,seeds,flowers,and their extracts in broiler diets reared under standard experimental conditions,without the introduction of stressors.The focus is on elucidating the key mechanisms through which phytobiotics improve gut health,includ-ing their effects on gut morphology,integrity,microflora composition,antioxidant capacity,and immune function.The review highlights the potential of phytobiotics to revolutionize broiler nutrition by acting as natural enhancers of gut health.Research findings reveal that phytobiotics significantly improve intestinal health,and boost growth per-formance,offering a sustainable approach to managing to gut dysfunction.These findings indicate a potential shift in how gut-health related challenges in broilers can be addressed,moving towards natural phytobiotic therapy.How-ever,several challenges persist.Optimizing the dosage of phytobiotics,ensuring consistent performance,and over-coming the limitations related to their extraction and application are key areas requiring further investigation.The review emphasizes the importance of continued research to refine phytobiotic formulations,explore synergistic effects,and incorporate advanced technologies such as AI-driven methods and precision nutrition to tailor feeding strategies more effectively.Additionally,the development of innovative delivery systems,such as nanoencapsula-tion,is suggested as a way to enhance the effectiveness and reliability of phytobiotics.By highlighting the potential of phytobiotics to revolutionize broiler nutrition,this review supports the poultry industry’s shift towards antibiotic-free and sustainable dietary solutions,offering new perspectives on the future of broiler chicken production.展开更多
[Objectives]Using Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream as an example,this study employed network pharmacology to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of the combination of calamine,zinc oxid...[Objectives]Using Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream as an example,this study employed network pharmacology to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of the combination of calamine,zinc oxide,and plant extracts in eczema intervention.[Methods]Active constituents of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream were identified through screening using the HIT2.0,HERB,and TCMSP databases.Corresponding targets of the active constituents were predicted using NetInfer.The collected targets were intersected with eczema and atopic dermatitis(AD)-related targets obtained from the GeneCards database to identify the effective therapeutic targets of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream.The network diagram of effective active constituents versus therapeutic targets for Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream was constructed and subjected to topological analysis using Cytoscape software.The Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)network was established and analyzed using the String database,Cytoscape software,and the cytoHubba plugin to identify key hub genes.Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the therapeutic targets using the DAVID database.[Results]Screening identified 57 active constituents in Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream,corresponding to 601 potential targets.Subsequent analysis revealed 72 core therapeutic targets of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream specifically relevant to eczema and AD.Analysis of the network diagram suggested that Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream may exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects through active constituents such as quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin,while concurrently repairing skin barrier function by acting on targets including AKT1,NF-κB,and STAT3.Furthermore,the inclusion of mineral-based medicines provides additional functions such as itch relief and reinforcement of the skin barrier.[Conclusions]Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream combines organic and inorganic constituents,synergistically alleviating the adverse symptoms of eczema and AD through multiple pathways.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to develop potential natural plant products for controlling walnut blight pathogen and other bacteria. [Method] Inhibitory effects of extracts obtained from 15 plants with 3 solven...[Objective] This study was conducted to develop potential natural plant products for controlling walnut blight pathogen and other bacteria. [Method] Inhibitory effects of extracts obtained from 15 plants with 3 solvents on bacteria were investi- gated by disk diffusion method. [Results] Except the extracts from Magnolia grandi- flora and Typha orientalis, extracts of 13 plant leaves presented inhibitory effects on 5 bacteria strains to certain degrees. Among them, the effect of water extract of Aesculu schinensis on Bacillus sp. XHE8 was the strongest, with inhibition zone di- ameter reaching （31.3＋3.9） mm and the ratio to control above 5.0. Four of the 5 tested strains were sensitive to the extracts of Sambucus chinensis, and 3 of them were inhibited by Ophiopegon japonicas extracts and Reineckia camea extracts, with ratios of treatment to control large than 1.5 in all. Leaf extract of A. chinensis had significant anti-bacteria ability, and could be used as a potential plant source for bactericide. [Conclusion] The results laid a foundation for exploring active com- pounds and elucidating the mechanism in it.展开更多
Plant pathogenic bacteria are recognized to be harmful microbes able to decrease the quantity and quality of crop production in the world. Punica granatum peel was screened for its potential use as biological control ...Plant pathogenic bacteria are recognized to be harmful microbes able to decrease the quantity and quality of crop production in the world. Punica granatum peel was screened for its potential use as biological control agent for plant pathogenic bacteria. P. granatum peel was successfully extract using n-hexane, methanol and ethyl acetate by maceration. The highest yield obtained by ethyl acetate showed that ethyl acetate extracted more compounds that readily soluble to methanol and n-hexane. For in-vitro antibacterial activity, three different species of plant pathogenic bacteria were used namely Erwinia carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas gardneri. For all crude extracts, four different concentrations 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml were used in cup-plate agar diffusion method. Streptomycin sulfate at concentration 30 μg/ml was used as positive control while each respective solvent used for peel extraction was used as negative control. The results obtained from in vitro studies showed only ethyl acetate extract possessed antibacterial activity tested on the plant pathogenic bacteria. Methanol and n-hexane did not show any antibacterial activity against plant pathogenic bacteria selected where no inhibition zones were recorded. R. solanacearum recorded the highest diameter of inhibition zones for all range of concentrations introduced followed by E. carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum and X. gardneri. For the minimum inhbitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), only the ethyl acetate extract was subjected to the assay as only ethyl acetate extract exhibited antibacterial activity. The minimum concentration of ethyl acetate extract that was able to inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria was recorded at a concentration of 3.12 mg/ml which inhibited R. solancearum and E. carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum, followed by X. gardneri at concentration 6.25 mg/ml. For the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the results showed that at the concentration of 12.5 mg/ml, the extract was still capable of killing the pathogenic bacteria, R. solanacearum, and P. caratovora sub.sp. caratovora while for the bacteria X. gardneri, the concentration that was able to kill the bacteria was 25 mg/ml. The qualitative estimation of phytochemical constituents within P. granatum L. ethyl acetate peel extracts had revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols alkaloid, Saponins, and terpenoids. This study has demonstrated that Ethyl Acetate peel extracts of P. granatum has significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic plant bacterial, and it could be of high agricultural value.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the antioxidant potential in herbal extract barks of five therapeutically important medicinal plants native to India, i.e. Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham., Buchanania lanzan Spreng., Aegle marmelos C...Objective To evaluate the antioxidant potential in herbal extract barks of five therapeutically important medicinal plants native to India, i.e. Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham., Buchanania lanzan Spreng., Aegle marmelos Corr., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC., and Cedrela toona Roxb. Methods Standardized aqueous alcoholic extracts from the selected barks having different target radicals, such as superoxide radical, nitric oxide, ABTS radical, and peroxidative decomposition of phospholipids, were prepared and screened by multiple in vitro assays. These extracts were also tested for total phenolic and tannin content and correlated with antioxidant capacity. Results Total phenolic and tannin contents were found to be the highest in C. nurvala （195 GAE mg/g and 218.3 mg/g CE）. SOD mimetic activity was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvula, although all barks showed activity more than IO3 units/mg extract. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvala （83.4% inhibition of MDA formation/10 μg extract）, and also showed a comparatively high NO quenching capacity （45.5% per 10 μg extract）. The highest NO quenching potential was found in Aegle marmelos （47.3% per 10 μg extract）. Cedrela toona showed the lowest LPO inhibitory potential and NO quenching capacity （50.5% and 30.5%, respectively）. Buchanania lanzan, a medicinal plant extensively used for inflammatory disorders and Dalbergia sissoo also showed 72.5% and 69.1% LPO inhibitory potential/10 μg extract. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.24 to 0.39 mmol/L TEAC/mg extract, indicating that all the barks tested had ABTS^＋ radical quenching capacity. Conclusion Bark of Crataeva nurvula has the highest antioxidant capacity and a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and their plendic content was found.展开更多
<abstract>Aim: To identify possible spermicidal agents through screening a number of edible medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity. Methods: Initial screening was made on the basis of ram cauda epididymal ...<abstract>Aim: To identify possible spermicidal agents through screening a number of edible medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity. Methods: Initial screening was made on the basis of ram cauda epididymal sperm immobilization immediately after addition of extracts. The most potent extract was selected and was evaluated on both ram and human spermatozoa. To unravel its mode of action several sperm functional tests were carried out, namely viability of cells, hypo-osmotic swelling test for membrane integrity and assays of membrane-bound enzyme 5'-nucleotidase and acrosomal marker enzyme acrosin. Results: The crude aqueous extract of the bulb of Allium sativum L. showed the most promising results by instant immobilization of the ram epididymal sperm at 0.25 g/mL and human ejaculated sperm at 0.5 g/mL. Sperm immobilizing effects were irreversible and the factor of the extract responsible for immobilization was thermostable up to 90 癈. On boiling at 100 癈 for 10 minutes, this activity was markedly reduced. Moreover, this extract was able to cause aggregation of ram sperms into small clusters after 30 minutes of incubation at 37 癈. However this property was not found in human spermatozoa. More than 50 % reduction in sperm viability and hypo-osmotic swelling occurred in treated sperm as compared with the controls, indicating the possibility of plasma membrane disintegration which was further supported by the significant reduction in the activity of membrane bound 5'-nucleotidase and acrosomal acrosin. Conclusion: The crude aqueous extract of A. sativum bulb possesses spermicidal activity in vitro.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To investigate analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （Passifloraceae） by three experimental methods. METHODS： Analgesic activity of the ethan...OBJECTIVE： To investigate analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （Passifloraceae） by three experimental methods. METHODS： Analgesic activity of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （EEPF） was carried out using acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition in mice. The method of castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice was utilized to evaluate antidiarrhoeal activity. The cytotoxic activity of EEPF was explored with a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. RESULTS： The extract showed 68.75% and 30.00% inhibition of writhe at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The extract increased the mean latent period prior to diarrhoeal onset to about 1.55 h and 1.17 h, and decreased the mean number of stools to 4.4 and 5.6 at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight. The extract also demonstrated cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the median lethal concentration for brine shrimp nauplii was 80 pg/mL. CONCLUSION： The results suggest that the plant extract has analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities, supporting its uses in traditional medicine. The results also demonstrate that the plant extract possesses cytotoxic activities.展开更多
Tree peony is a famous ornamental plant,while the low propagation rate is the main hurdles hindering the industry development.Till now,the highly efficient regeneration system for tree peony is not established.In this...Tree peony is a famous ornamental plant,while the low propagation rate is the main hurdles hindering the industry development.Till now,the highly efficient regeneration system for tree peony is not established.In this study,using Paeonia ostii’Fengdan’mature embryos,the effects of variations in inoculation method,initiating culture,adventitious shoot induction,rooting media,plant growth regulators(PGRs),and a nonconventional PGR(plant extracts)on regeneration from explants were evaluated.In embryo cultures,embryonic callus induction rate of 1/4 embryos was the highest among those of embryos with other three technical treatments(whole embryos,1/2 embryos,and pieces of embryos).The woody plant medium(WPM)containing 1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA,0.5 mg·L^(-1)GA3,30.0 g·L^(-1)sucrose,and 3.0 g·L^(-1)phytagel significantly improved shoot induction and multiplication.3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts promoted hypocotyl germination,rooting,and root growth,in direct embryo culture,and a combination of 3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts+2.0 mg·L^(-1)IBA+1.5 mg·L^(-1)IAA produced optimal rooting induction rate for multiple shoots in direct embryo culture and indirect somatic embryogenesis.For the three in vitro micropropagation methods,the highest shoot proliferation coefficient(5.4±0.2)was obtained with indirect somatic embryogenesis.Fortunately,the propagation ability of shoots remains high,even when culture propagation was continued for more than two years.Thus,a reliable system for plant regeneration from mature embryos derived from P.ostii’Fengdan’callus and two direct embryo culture systems have been established.The novel regeneration system could facilitate uniform seedling production.展开更多
The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus per-sicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index an...The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus per-sicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index and the interferential index of population control (IIPC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of semiochemicals on population control of the two target aphids. The results showed that the extracts of 34 species of common plants have noticeable effect on both aphid populations, especially, Xanthium sibiricum Petr. Et Widd. and Syngonium podophyllum Schott. These plant extracts could be used to construct the plant pro-tectant to protect crops.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Methylation-specific epigenetic process and gene expression profiles of HeLa cells treated with ultra-high dilutions （HDs） of two plant extracts, Hydrastis canadensis （HC-30） and Marsdenia condurango ...OBJECTIVE： Methylation-specific epigenetic process and gene expression profiles of HeLa cells treated with ultra-high dilutions （HDs） of two plant extracts, Hydrastis canadensis （HC-30） and Marsdenia condurango （Condu-30）, diluted 106o times, were analyzed against placebo 30C （PI-30） for alterations in gene profiles linked to epigenetic modifications. METHODS： Separate groups of cells were subjected to treatment of Condu-30, HC-30, and PI- 30 prepared by serial dilutions and succussions. Global microarray data recorded on Affymetrix platform, using 25-mer probes were provided by iLifeDiscoveries, India. Slides were scanned with 3000 7G microarray scanner and raw data sets were extracted from Cel （raw intensity） files. Analyses of global microarray data profile, differential gene expression, fold change and clusters were made using GeneSpring GX12.5 software and standard normalization procedure. Before microarray study, concentration of RNA （ng/IJL）, RIN value and rRNA ratio for all the samples were analysed by Agilant Bioanalyzer 2100. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and quantitative RT- PCR were done for analyzing SMAD-4 expression. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting study was further made to elucidate fate of cells at divisional stages. Methylation-specific restriction enzyme assay was conducted for ascertaining methylation status of DNA at specific sites. RESULTS： HDs of HC-30 and Condu-30 differentially altered methylation in specific regions of DNA and expression profiles of certain genes linked to carcinogenesis, as compared to PI-30. Two separate cut sites were found in genomic DNA of untreated and placebo-treated HeLa cells when digested with McrBC, compared to a single cut observed in Condu-30-treated genomic DNA. SMAD-4 gene expression validated the expression pattern observed in microarray profile. Methylation-specific restriction enzyme assay elucidated differential epigenetic modifications in drug-treated and control cells. CONCLUSION： HDs triggered epigenetic modifications and alterations in microarray gene expression profiles of many genes associated with carcinogenesis in HeLa cells in vitro.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the larvicidal activity of Syzygium guineense(Myrtaceae)(S. guineense), Monodora myristica and Zanthoxylum heitzii(Rutaceae)(Z. heitzii) extracts against Aedes albopictus(Ae. albopictus).Meth...Objective: To investigate the larvicidal activity of Syzygium guineense(Myrtaceae)(S. guineense), Monodora myristica and Zanthoxylum heitzii(Rutaceae)(Z. heitzii) extracts against Aedes albopictus(Ae. albopictus).Methods: The larvicidal activity of the hydro-ethanolic extracts from these plant species was assessed at three different concentrations(50, 100 and 200 mg/L) on first-instar of Ae. albopictus larvae in comparison with untreated controls. Mortality rate was recorded daily for a period of 12 days. The values of LC_(50) and lethal time killing 50% of the tested individuals(LT_(50)) were calculated using the log-probit analysis.Results: The root extract of S. guineense exhibited the best activity with 100% mortality after 8 days of treatment at 200 mg/L, followed by the fruit extract of Z. heitzii with83.33% mortality at the same concentration. Nonetheless, larvae were most susceptible to the fruit extract of Z. heitzii both in terms of LC_(50)(39.89 mg/L) and LT_(50)(145.68 h). A statistically significant difference between the control and the group treated at 200 mg/L was noticed in all the extracts.Conclusions: The present study shows that the hydro-ethanolic extracts of S. guineense,Monodora myristica and Z. heitzii tested have significant larvicidal activity. These preliminary results are of great interest and some of these plant species can be proposed for the formulation of new bioinsecticides to control Ae. albopictus populations.展开更多
The experimental knowledge on the role of oxidative stress,and beneficial and detrimental effects of plant derived antioxidants in male and female animal reproduction are reviewed in this article.Free radical-induced ...The experimental knowledge on the role of oxidative stress,and beneficial and detrimental effects of plant derived antioxidants in male and female animal reproduction are reviewed in this article.Free radical-induced oxidative stress in animal reproduction causes great loss to livestock industry.Antioxidant therapy has been implicated to be effective in preventing diseases resulted from oxidative stress.Considering the advantages of lower side effects of natural antioxidants than those of synthetic antioxidants,plants or their extracts have been extensively utilized in animals.Although many advances have been gained on application of plant derived antioxidants in alleviating oxidative stress,debatable issues still exist.Because many opposite effects were observed even using plant extracts containing similar bioactive substances in the same animal species.Therefore,plant derived antioxidants,like free radicals,are ＂double-edged swords＂ in animal reproduction,representing that they may exhibit beneficial or detrimental effects in animal reproduction,including spermatogenesis,semen functions,estrous cycles,ovulation,ovary functions,endometrium,embryo development,and pregnancy.Besides dose-dependent manner as an explanation of plant extracts＇ dual function,future studies are needed to investigate the mechanism of double-edged actions of plant derived antioxidants in different animal reproduction systems.展开更多
Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one o...Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one of the most important ways to protect skin from UV phototoxic damage.As well as inorganic and organic UV filters,some natural products or plant extracts with aromatic rings in their structures,such as flavonoids or polyphenols,can absorb UV to reduce sunburn,acting as a natu-ral UV filter;they also show antioxidant or/and anti-inflammatory activity.This could explain why,although there are no officially approval natural commercial sun-filters,more and more commercial sunscreen products containing plant extracts are avail-able on the market.Here we summarize articles focusing on natural UV filters from plant published in the last 6 years,selecting the most significant data in order to better understand the photoprotective activity of natural products and extracts from plants,including their major constituents and main biological effects,methods for evaluating UV radiation resistance,anti-UV radiation experimental models and anti-UV radiation mechanisms.展开更多
The effect of Argan plant extract （APE） on the corrosion of the steel in hydrochloric acid medium was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical polarization and impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements. Inhibiti...The effect of Argan plant extract （APE） on the corrosion of the steel in hydrochloric acid medium was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical polarization and impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements. Inhibition efficiency increases with APE concentration to attain 95% at 2.5 g/L. We note good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical methods （potentiodynamic polarization and EIS）. Effect of temperature is also made in the 298-328 K range. Polarization measurements show also that APE act as a mixed inhibitor. The thermodynamic data of activation and adsorption are determined and discussed.展开更多
Background: Our previous study showed that 3 plant extracts enhanced the immune responses and growth efficiency of weaned pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), which is one of ...Background: Our previous study showed that 3 plant extracts enhanced the immune responses and growth efficiency of weaned pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), which is one of the most economically important disease in swine industry. However, each plant extract differently effected on growth efficiency and immune responses. Therefore, the objective of this study was conducted to characterize the effects and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms of 3 plant extracts on gene expression of alveolar macrophages in weaned pigs experimentally infected with PRRSV.Results: PRRSV infection altered(P < 0.05) the expression of 1,352 genes in pigs fed the control(CON;755 up, 597 down). Compared with the infected CON, feeding capsicum(CAP), garlic botanical(GAR), or turmeric oleoresin(TUR) altered the expression of 46 genes(24 up, 22 down), 134 genes(59 up, 75 down), or 98 genes(55 up, 43 down) in alveolar macrophages of PRRSV-infected pigs, respectively. PRRSV infection up-regulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes related to cell apoptosis, immune system process, and response to stimulus, but downregulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in signaling transduction and innate immune response.Compared with the infected CON, feeding TUR or GAR reduced(P < 0.05) the expression of genes associated with antigen processing and presentation, feeding CAP up-regulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. Supplementation of CAP, GAR, or TUR also enhanced(P < 0.05) the expression of several genes related to amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, or RNA degradation, respectively.Conclusions: The results suggest that 3 plant extracts differently regulated the expression of genes in alveolar macrophages of PRRSV-infected pigs, especially altering genes involved in immunity.展开更多
In near-infrared (NIR) analysis of plant extracts, excessive background often exists in near-infrared spectra. The detection of active constituents is difficult because of excessive background, and correction of this ...In near-infrared (NIR) analysis of plant extracts, excessive background often exists in near-infrared spectra. The detection of active constituents is difficult because of excessive background, and correction of this problem remains difficult. In this work, the orthogonal signal correction (OSC) method was used to correct excessive background. The method was also compared with several classical background correction methods, such as offset correction, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV) transformation, de-trending (DT), first derivative, second derivative and wavelet methods. A simulated dataset and a real NIR spectral dataset were used to test the efficiency of different background correction methods. The results showed that OSC is the only effective method for correcting excessive background.展开更多
The efficacy of ethanol extracts from four plants, Dennettia tripetala Baker, Eugenia aromatica Baillon, Piper guineense Thonn et Schum and Anchomanes difformis P. Beauv. as bioinsecticides for control of adult Sitoph...The efficacy of ethanol extracts from four plants, Dennettia tripetala Baker, Eugenia aromatica Baillon, Piper guineense Thonn et Schum and Anchomanes difformis P. Beauv. as bioinsecticides for control of adult Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius, Oryzaephilus mercator Fauvel and Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius were determined at two concentrations (0.5% and 2.0%) in the laboratory. All extracts were toxic to beetles with E. aromatica being the most potent of four plant materials tested and had the least LT 50 value. This was followed by A. difformis extract. At 2.0% v/w extract concentration, percentage grain damage by insects in treated grains stored for 90 days was nil. Grains protected with A. difformis had the least percentage seedgerminationof62.50%whilethoseprotectedwithP.guineensehadthehighestpercentagegermination(74.58%)at2.0% extract concentration. The mean percentage germination in the control was 72.72%. Treatment of grains with plant extracts had no significant (P>0.05) effect on its water absorption capacity.展开更多
Objective:To investigate anti-quorum sensing(anti-QS)and anti-biofilm formation(antiBF)activities of the ethanol extracts of 388 plants.Methods:The anti-QS activity of the plant extracts was evaluated by disc-diffusio...Objective:To investigate anti-quorum sensing(anti-QS)and anti-biofilm formation(antiBF)activities of the ethanol extracts of 388 plants.Methods:The anti-QS activity of the plant extracts was evaluated by disc-diffusion assays using the bio-reporter strain,Chromobacterium violaceum CV017.Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1,Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 9610,and Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58,which possess QS systems,were used to evaluate the antiBF activity of the plant extracts.Results:Among 388 plant extracts,the Cornus controversa(C.controversa)and Cynanchum wilfordii extracts exhibited the strongest anti-QS activity.The C.controversa extract exhibited anti-BF activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Yersinia enterocolitica and Agrobacterium tumefaciens,whereas the Cynanchum wilfordii extract exhibited no anti-BF activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.In addition,the C.controversa extract suppressed soft rot of cabbage.Conclusions:The C.controversa extract inhibits bacterial QS and BF,and is capable of controlling soft rot.Therefore,this extract has potential for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections and for the development of alternatives to antibiotics.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND The rising global burden of liver diseases,such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis,has necessitated innovative therapeutic approaches.Plant-based therapies,recognized for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties,have shown promising effects.However,poor bioavailability limits their clinical application.AIM To map global research trends,key contributors,and emerging themes in plant-based therapies combined with advanced drug delivery systems for liver health.METHODS Using the Scopus database,645 documents were retrieved and analyzed using bibliometric tools Biblioshiny and VOSviewer.Analysis focused on publication trends,geographical contributions,and advancements in drug delivery technologies,including nanoparticles,liposomes,and polymeric micelles.Metrics such as publication growth rate,authorship collaboration,and thematic clustering were assessed.RESULTS The dataset spans 43 years(1981-2024),with an annual growth rate of 11.09%in the number of publications.Research output is dominated by China(33%),followed by the United States(24%)and India(18%).Collaborative studies accounted for 24.34%of publications,with an average of 5.81 co-authors per document.Key innovations include nanoparticle encapsulation of curcumin and silymarin,improving bioavailability by up to 85%.Highly cited studies demonstrated the antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and anti-fibrotic properties of these compounds.For instance,curcumin nanoparticles showed a 70%improvement in solubility,and silymarin liposomal formulations enhanced therapeutic efficiency by 62%.Thematic analysis revealed a transition from basic clinical observations to molecular and pharmacokinetic research,with a focus on oxidative stress mitigation and hepatoprotection.CONCLUSION This study highlights the growing synergy between plant-based therapies and advanced drug delivery systems,with significant contributions from Asian and Western countries.Future efforts should prioritize clinical trials,standardization of plant extract formulations,and interdisciplinary approaches to maximize therapeutic outcomes.The findings provide a foundation for integrating plant-derived compounds into evidence-based hepatological therapies,addressing critical challenges in bioavailability and safety.
文摘A cytotoxicity study based on keratinocytes was carried out to determine the safe dosing concentration of plant extract formulation(hereinafter referred to as the MOSOGY).On this basis,the 3D epidermal skin model(Epikutis^(®),which is abbreviated as Epikutis later)was stimulated with anionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulfate(SLS)was used to construct an in vitro 3D epidermal skin injury model and detect the proinflammatory factor(IL-1α)after MOSOGY acted on the 3D epidermal skin model.Additionally,capsaicin(CAP)was used to stimulate the 3D epidermal skin model(EpiKutis)to detect changes in the content of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1(TRPV1)after MOSOGY treatment.The hydration levels of the stratum corneum were tested using the 3D epidermal skin model.A hyaluronidase(HAase)inhibition experiment was conducted to assess the soothing effect of BSBE.The experimental results showed that MOSOGY exhibited no significant cytotoxicity within the concentration range of 0~2.50%At a concentration of 2.00%,the inhibition rates of IL-1αand PGE2 were 15.71%and 19.00%respectively.At a concentration of 5.00%,MOSOGY exhibited inhibition rates of 43.76%for TRPV1 and 11.11%for IL-1α.MOSOGY at concentrations of 1.00%and 5.00%showed inhibition rates of 76.50%and 86.50%for HAase,respectively.The moisturizing efficacy test showed that at the concentration of 5.00%,the water content of the stratum corneum of the 3D epidermal skin model increased by 31.91%.In addition,the 3D epidermal skin model used in this experiment has the characteristics of layered structure,physiological and metabolic functions that are highly similar to natural human skin.The above research shows that MOSOGY at a certain concentration effectively inhibits IL-1α,PGE2,TRPV1 and HAase in human skin,especially the inhibition rate of HAase is more than 70.00%,indicating that BSBE have strong anti-allergic effect,and skin hydration of the 3D epidermal skin model also has a significant increase.The results indicate that MOSOGY exhibits inhibitory effects on IL-1α,PGE2,TRPV1,and HAase,achieving significant soothing and reparative effects through the inhibition of multiple targets.Additionally,it demonstrates good moisturizing efficacy and safety,making it suitable for use in cosmetics with corresponding efficacy claims.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1301603)Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ZDRW202305).
文摘As the global population continues to expand,the demand for broiler chicken production to supply safe and high-quality meat is increasing.To meet this ever-growing demand,broiler chickens with enhanced growth performance are being developed,but they often face challenges related to oxidative stress,which can adversely affect gut health.Phytobiotics,which are plant-derived feed additives known for their antimicrobial,antioxidant,immune-modulating,and growth-promoting properties,have emerged as promising natural alternatives to synthetic antibiotics.This review consolidates recent advancements in the use of phytobiotics-derived products from leaves,roots,seeds,flowers,and their extracts in broiler diets reared under standard experimental conditions,without the introduction of stressors.The focus is on elucidating the key mechanisms through which phytobiotics improve gut health,includ-ing their effects on gut morphology,integrity,microflora composition,antioxidant capacity,and immune function.The review highlights the potential of phytobiotics to revolutionize broiler nutrition by acting as natural enhancers of gut health.Research findings reveal that phytobiotics significantly improve intestinal health,and boost growth per-formance,offering a sustainable approach to managing to gut dysfunction.These findings indicate a potential shift in how gut-health related challenges in broilers can be addressed,moving towards natural phytobiotic therapy.How-ever,several challenges persist.Optimizing the dosage of phytobiotics,ensuring consistent performance,and over-coming the limitations related to their extraction and application are key areas requiring further investigation.The review emphasizes the importance of continued research to refine phytobiotic formulations,explore synergistic effects,and incorporate advanced technologies such as AI-driven methods and precision nutrition to tailor feeding strategies more effectively.Additionally,the development of innovative delivery systems,such as nanoencapsula-tion,is suggested as a way to enhance the effectiveness and reliability of phytobiotics.By highlighting the potential of phytobiotics to revolutionize broiler nutrition,this review supports the poultry industry’s shift towards antibiotic-free and sustainable dietary solutions,offering new perspectives on the future of broiler chicken production.
基金Supported by Putuo District Science and Technology R&D Platform Project,Shanghai(2024QX04).
文摘[Objectives]Using Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream as an example,this study employed network pharmacology to investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of the combination of calamine,zinc oxide,and plant extracts in eczema intervention.[Methods]Active constituents of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream were identified through screening using the HIT2.0,HERB,and TCMSP databases.Corresponding targets of the active constituents were predicted using NetInfer.The collected targets were intersected with eczema and atopic dermatitis(AD)-related targets obtained from the GeneCards database to identify the effective therapeutic targets of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream.The network diagram of effective active constituents versus therapeutic targets for Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream was constructed and subjected to topological analysis using Cytoscape software.The Protein-Protein Interaction(PPI)network was established and analyzed using the String database,Cytoscape software,and the cytoHubba plugin to identify key hub genes.Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed on the therapeutic targets using the DAVID database.[Results]Screening identified 57 active constituents in Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream,corresponding to 601 potential targets.Subsequent analysis revealed 72 core therapeutic targets of Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream specifically relevant to eczema and AD.Analysis of the network diagram suggested that Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream may exert anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects through active constituents such as quercetin,luteolin,and apigenin,while concurrently repairing skin barrier function by acting on targets including AKT1,NF-κB,and STAT3.Furthermore,the inclusion of mineral-based medicines provides additional functions such as itch relief and reinforcement of the skin barrier.[Conclusions]Calamine Zinc Oxide Phytocomplex Cream combines organic and inorganic constituents,synergistically alleviating the adverse symptoms of eczema and AD through multiple pathways.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(31200488,31370692)Surface Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2014CFB573)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to develop potential natural plant products for controlling walnut blight pathogen and other bacteria. [Method] Inhibitory effects of extracts obtained from 15 plants with 3 solvents on bacteria were investi- gated by disk diffusion method. [Results] Except the extracts from Magnolia grandi- flora and Typha orientalis, extracts of 13 plant leaves presented inhibitory effects on 5 bacteria strains to certain degrees. Among them, the effect of water extract of Aesculu schinensis on Bacillus sp. XHE8 was the strongest, with inhibition zone di- ameter reaching （31.3＋3.9） mm and the ratio to control above 5.0. Four of the 5 tested strains were sensitive to the extracts of Sambucus chinensis, and 3 of them were inhibited by Ophiopegon japonicas extracts and Reineckia camea extracts, with ratios of treatment to control large than 1.5 in all. Leaf extract of A. chinensis had significant anti-bacteria ability, and could be used as a potential plant source for bactericide. [Conclusion] The results laid a foundation for exploring active com- pounds and elucidating the mechanism in it.
文摘Plant pathogenic bacteria are recognized to be harmful microbes able to decrease the quantity and quality of crop production in the world. Punica granatum peel was screened for its potential use as biological control agent for plant pathogenic bacteria. P. granatum peel was successfully extract using n-hexane, methanol and ethyl acetate by maceration. The highest yield obtained by ethyl acetate showed that ethyl acetate extracted more compounds that readily soluble to methanol and n-hexane. For in-vitro antibacterial activity, three different species of plant pathogenic bacteria were used namely Erwinia carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum, Ralstonia solanacearum, and Xanthomonas gardneri. For all crude extracts, four different concentrations 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml were used in cup-plate agar diffusion method. Streptomycin sulfate at concentration 30 μg/ml was used as positive control while each respective solvent used for peel extraction was used as negative control. The results obtained from in vitro studies showed only ethyl acetate extract possessed antibacterial activity tested on the plant pathogenic bacteria. Methanol and n-hexane did not show any antibacterial activity against plant pathogenic bacteria selected where no inhibition zones were recorded. R. solanacearum recorded the highest diameter of inhibition zones for all range of concentrations introduced followed by E. carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum and X. gardneri. For the minimum inhbitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), only the ethyl acetate extract was subjected to the assay as only ethyl acetate extract exhibited antibacterial activity. The minimum concentration of ethyl acetate extract that was able to inhibit plant pathogenic bacteria was recorded at a concentration of 3.12 mg/ml which inhibited R. solancearum and E. carotovorum subsp. Carotovorum, followed by X. gardneri at concentration 6.25 mg/ml. For the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the results showed that at the concentration of 12.5 mg/ml, the extract was still capable of killing the pathogenic bacteria, R. solanacearum, and P. caratovora sub.sp. caratovora while for the bacteria X. gardneri, the concentration that was able to kill the bacteria was 25 mg/ml. The qualitative estimation of phytochemical constituents within P. granatum L. ethyl acetate peel extracts had revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, phenols alkaloid, Saponins, and terpenoids. This study has demonstrated that Ethyl Acetate peel extracts of P. granatum has significant antibacterial activity against pathogenic plant bacterial, and it could be of high agricultural value.
文摘Objective To evaluate the antioxidant potential in herbal extract barks of five therapeutically important medicinal plants native to India, i.e. Crataeva nurvala Buch.-Ham., Buchanania lanzan Spreng., Aegle marmelos Corr., Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. ex DC., and Cedrela toona Roxb. Methods Standardized aqueous alcoholic extracts from the selected barks having different target radicals, such as superoxide radical, nitric oxide, ABTS radical, and peroxidative decomposition of phospholipids, were prepared and screened by multiple in vitro assays. These extracts were also tested for total phenolic and tannin content and correlated with antioxidant capacity. Results Total phenolic and tannin contents were found to be the highest in C. nurvala （195 GAE mg/g and 218.3 mg/g CE）. SOD mimetic activity was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvula, although all barks showed activity more than IO3 units/mg extract. Lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential was found to be the highest in Crataeva nurvala （83.4% inhibition of MDA formation/10 μg extract）, and also showed a comparatively high NO quenching capacity （45.5% per 10 μg extract）. The highest NO quenching potential was found in Aegle marmelos （47.3% per 10 μg extract）. Cedrela toona showed the lowest LPO inhibitory potential and NO quenching capacity （50.5% and 30.5%, respectively）. Buchanania lanzan, a medicinal plant extensively used for inflammatory disorders and Dalbergia sissoo also showed 72.5% and 69.1% LPO inhibitory potential/10 μg extract. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity ranged from 0.24 to 0.39 mmol/L TEAC/mg extract, indicating that all the barks tested had ABTS^＋ radical quenching capacity. Conclusion Bark of Crataeva nurvula has the highest antioxidant capacity and a positive correlation between antioxidant activity and their plendic content was found.
文摘<abstract>Aim: To identify possible spermicidal agents through screening a number of edible medicinal plants with antimicrobial activity. Methods: Initial screening was made on the basis of ram cauda epididymal sperm immobilization immediately after addition of extracts. The most potent extract was selected and was evaluated on both ram and human spermatozoa. To unravel its mode of action several sperm functional tests were carried out, namely viability of cells, hypo-osmotic swelling test for membrane integrity and assays of membrane-bound enzyme 5'-nucleotidase and acrosomal marker enzyme acrosin. Results: The crude aqueous extract of the bulb of Allium sativum L. showed the most promising results by instant immobilization of the ram epididymal sperm at 0.25 g/mL and human ejaculated sperm at 0.5 g/mL. Sperm immobilizing effects were irreversible and the factor of the extract responsible for immobilization was thermostable up to 90 癈. On boiling at 100 癈 for 10 minutes, this activity was markedly reduced. Moreover, this extract was able to cause aggregation of ram sperms into small clusters after 30 minutes of incubation at 37 癈. However this property was not found in human spermatozoa. More than 50 % reduction in sperm viability and hypo-osmotic swelling occurred in treated sperm as compared with the controls, indicating the possibility of plasma membrane disintegration which was further supported by the significant reduction in the activity of membrane bound 5'-nucleotidase and acrosomal acrosin. Conclusion: The crude aqueous extract of A. sativum bulb possesses spermicidal activity in vitro.
文摘OBJECTIVE： To investigate analgesic, antidiarrhoeal and cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （Passifloraceae） by three experimental methods. METHODS： Analgesic activity of the ethanol extract of Passiflora foetida L. （EEPF） was carried out using acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition in mice. The method of castor oil-induced diarrhoea in mice was utilized to evaluate antidiarrhoeal activity. The cytotoxic activity of EEPF was explored with a brine shrimp lethality bioassay. RESULTS： The extract showed 68.75% and 30.00% inhibition of writhe at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight, respectively. The extract increased the mean latent period prior to diarrhoeal onset to about 1.55 h and 1.17 h, and decreased the mean number of stools to 4.4 and 5.6 at the doses of 500 and 250 mg/kg body weight. The extract also demonstrated cytotoxic activity in the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the median lethal concentration for brine shrimp nauplii was 80 pg/mL. CONCLUSION： The results suggest that the plant extract has analgesic and antidiarrhoeal activities, supporting its uses in traditional medicine. The results also demonstrate that the plant extract possesses cytotoxic activities.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2019YFD1001500)China Agriculture Research System (Grant No.CARS-21)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.31972440,31972455)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP)of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Grant No.CAASASTIPIVFCAAS)。
文摘Tree peony is a famous ornamental plant,while the low propagation rate is the main hurdles hindering the industry development.Till now,the highly efficient regeneration system for tree peony is not established.In this study,using Paeonia ostii’Fengdan’mature embryos,the effects of variations in inoculation method,initiating culture,adventitious shoot induction,rooting media,plant growth regulators(PGRs),and a nonconventional PGR(plant extracts)on regeneration from explants were evaluated.In embryo cultures,embryonic callus induction rate of 1/4 embryos was the highest among those of embryos with other three technical treatments(whole embryos,1/2 embryos,and pieces of embryos).The woody plant medium(WPM)containing 1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA,0.5 mg·L^(-1)GA3,30.0 g·L^(-1)sucrose,and 3.0 g·L^(-1)phytagel significantly improved shoot induction and multiplication.3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts promoted hypocotyl germination,rooting,and root growth,in direct embryo culture,and a combination of 3.0 mg·L^(-1)plant extracts+2.0 mg·L^(-1)IBA+1.5 mg·L^(-1)IAA produced optimal rooting induction rate for multiple shoots in direct embryo culture and indirect somatic embryogenesis.For the three in vitro micropropagation methods,the highest shoot proliferation coefficient(5.4±0.2)was obtained with indirect somatic embryogenesis.Fortunately,the propagation ability of shoots remains high,even when culture propagation was continued for more than two years.Thus,a reliable system for plant regeneration from mature embryos derived from P.ostii’Fengdan’callus and two direct embryo culture systems have been established.The novel regeneration system could facilitate uniform seedling production.
文摘The effects of semiochemicals extracted from 63 species of plants, on peach aphid (Myzus per-sicae) and mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi), were studied in laboratory. The deterrent rate, reproduction deterrent index and the interferential index of population control (IIPC) was used to evaluate the efficiency of semiochemicals on population control of the two target aphids. The results showed that the extracts of 34 species of common plants have noticeable effect on both aphid populations, especially, Xanthium sibiricum Petr. Et Widd. and Syngonium podophyllum Schott. These plant extracts could be used to construct the plant pro-tectant to protect crops.
基金financially supported by Boiron Laboratories,Lyon,FranceEmeritus Fellowship of UGC granted to ARKB
文摘OBJECTIVE： Methylation-specific epigenetic process and gene expression profiles of HeLa cells treated with ultra-high dilutions （HDs） of two plant extracts, Hydrastis canadensis （HC-30） and Marsdenia condurango （Condu-30）, diluted 106o times, were analyzed against placebo 30C （PI-30） for alterations in gene profiles linked to epigenetic modifications. METHODS： Separate groups of cells were subjected to treatment of Condu-30, HC-30, and PI- 30 prepared by serial dilutions and succussions. Global microarray data recorded on Affymetrix platform, using 25-mer probes were provided by iLifeDiscoveries, India. Slides were scanned with 3000 7G microarray scanner and raw data sets were extracted from Cel （raw intensity） files. Analyses of global microarray data profile, differential gene expression, fold change and clusters were made using GeneSpring GX12.5 software and standard normalization procedure. Before microarray study, concentration of RNA （ng/IJL）, RIN value and rRNA ratio for all the samples were analysed by Agilant Bioanalyzer 2100. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and quantitative RT- PCR were done for analyzing SMAD-4 expression. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting study was further made to elucidate fate of cells at divisional stages. Methylation-specific restriction enzyme assay was conducted for ascertaining methylation status of DNA at specific sites. RESULTS： HDs of HC-30 and Condu-30 differentially altered methylation in specific regions of DNA and expression profiles of certain genes linked to carcinogenesis, as compared to PI-30. Two separate cut sites were found in genomic DNA of untreated and placebo-treated HeLa cells when digested with McrBC, compared to a single cut observed in Condu-30-treated genomic DNA. SMAD-4 gene expression validated the expression pattern observed in microarray profile. Methylation-specific restriction enzyme assay elucidated differential epigenetic modifications in drug-treated and control cells. CONCLUSION： HDs triggered epigenetic modifications and alterations in microarray gene expression profiles of many genes associated with carcinogenesis in HeLa cells in vitro.
文摘Objective: To investigate the larvicidal activity of Syzygium guineense(Myrtaceae)(S. guineense), Monodora myristica and Zanthoxylum heitzii(Rutaceae)(Z. heitzii) extracts against Aedes albopictus(Ae. albopictus).Methods: The larvicidal activity of the hydro-ethanolic extracts from these plant species was assessed at three different concentrations(50, 100 and 200 mg/L) on first-instar of Ae. albopictus larvae in comparison with untreated controls. Mortality rate was recorded daily for a period of 12 days. The values of LC_(50) and lethal time killing 50% of the tested individuals(LT_(50)) were calculated using the log-probit analysis.Results: The root extract of S. guineense exhibited the best activity with 100% mortality after 8 days of treatment at 200 mg/L, followed by the fruit extract of Z. heitzii with83.33% mortality at the same concentration. Nonetheless, larvae were most susceptible to the fruit extract of Z. heitzii both in terms of LC_(50)(39.89 mg/L) and LT_(50)(145.68 h). A statistically significant difference between the control and the group treated at 200 mg/L was noticed in all the extracts.Conclusions: The present study shows that the hydro-ethanolic extracts of S. guineense,Monodora myristica and Z. heitzii tested have significant larvicidal activity. These preliminary results are of great interest and some of these plant species can be proposed for the formulation of new bioinsecticides to control Ae. albopictus populations.
基金supported by the Outstanding Youth Program of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (DLSYQ12008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31201820)
文摘The experimental knowledge on the role of oxidative stress,and beneficial and detrimental effects of plant derived antioxidants in male and female animal reproduction are reviewed in this article.Free radical-induced oxidative stress in animal reproduction causes great loss to livestock industry.Antioxidant therapy has been implicated to be effective in preventing diseases resulted from oxidative stress.Considering the advantages of lower side effects of natural antioxidants than those of synthetic antioxidants,plants or their extracts have been extensively utilized in animals.Although many advances have been gained on application of plant derived antioxidants in alleviating oxidative stress,debatable issues still exist.Because many opposite effects were observed even using plant extracts containing similar bioactive substances in the same animal species.Therefore,plant derived antioxidants,like free radicals,are ＂double-edged swords＂ in animal reproduction,representing that they may exhibit beneficial or detrimental effects in animal reproduction,including spermatogenesis,semen functions,estrous cycles,ovulation,ovary functions,endometrium,embryo development,and pregnancy.Besides dose-dependent manner as an explanation of plant extracts＇ dual function,future studies are needed to investigate the mechanism of double-edged actions of plant derived antioxidants in different animal reproduction systems.
基金supported by Henan Provincial Department of Education(No.21B350001)Zhengzhou science and technology department(No.ZZSZX202109 and ZZSZX202108).
文摘Although solar exposure is necessary for human health,phototoxicology induced by excessive UVB and UVA radiation,which involves sunburns,skin aging and even tu-morigenesis,has been widely researched.Sunscreen is one of the most important ways to protect skin from UV phototoxic damage.As well as inorganic and organic UV filters,some natural products or plant extracts with aromatic rings in their structures,such as flavonoids or polyphenols,can absorb UV to reduce sunburn,acting as a natu-ral UV filter;they also show antioxidant or/and anti-inflammatory activity.This could explain why,although there are no officially approval natural commercial sun-filters,more and more commercial sunscreen products containing plant extracts are avail-able on the market.Here we summarize articles focusing on natural UV filters from plant published in the last 6 years,selecting the most significant data in order to better understand the photoprotective activity of natural products and extracts from plants,including their major constituents and main biological effects,methods for evaluating UV radiation resistance,anti-UV radiation experimental models and anti-UV radiation mechanisms.
文摘The effect of Argan plant extract （APE） on the corrosion of the steel in hydrochloric acid medium was studied using gravimetric, electrochemical polarization and impedance spectroscopy （EIS） measurements. Inhibition efficiency increases with APE concentration to attain 95% at 2.5 g/L. We note good agreement between gravimetric and electrochemical methods （potentiodynamic polarization and EIS）. Effect of temperature is also made in the 298-328 K range. Polarization measurements show also that APE act as a mixed inhibitor. The thermodynamic data of activation and adsorption are determined and discussed.
文摘Background: Our previous study showed that 3 plant extracts enhanced the immune responses and growth efficiency of weaned pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV), which is one of the most economically important disease in swine industry. However, each plant extract differently effected on growth efficiency and immune responses. Therefore, the objective of this study was conducted to characterize the effects and investigate the potential underlying mechanisms of 3 plant extracts on gene expression of alveolar macrophages in weaned pigs experimentally infected with PRRSV.Results: PRRSV infection altered(P < 0.05) the expression of 1,352 genes in pigs fed the control(CON;755 up, 597 down). Compared with the infected CON, feeding capsicum(CAP), garlic botanical(GAR), or turmeric oleoresin(TUR) altered the expression of 46 genes(24 up, 22 down), 134 genes(59 up, 75 down), or 98 genes(55 up, 43 down) in alveolar macrophages of PRRSV-infected pigs, respectively. PRRSV infection up-regulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes related to cell apoptosis, immune system process, and response to stimulus, but downregulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in signaling transduction and innate immune response.Compared with the infected CON, feeding TUR or GAR reduced(P < 0.05) the expression of genes associated with antigen processing and presentation, feeding CAP up-regulated(P < 0.05) the expression of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation. Supplementation of CAP, GAR, or TUR also enhanced(P < 0.05) the expression of several genes related to amino acid metabolism, steroid hormone synthesis, or RNA degradation, respectively.Conclusions: The results suggest that 3 plant extracts differently regulated the expression of genes in alveolar macrophages of PRRSV-infected pigs, especially altering genes involved in immunity.
基金Project supported by the Zhejiang Province Key Technologies R & DProgram (No. 021103549)the National Key Technologies R & DProgram (No. 2001BA701A45), China
文摘In near-infrared (NIR) analysis of plant extracts, excessive background often exists in near-infrared spectra. The detection of active constituents is difficult because of excessive background, and correction of this problem remains difficult. In this work, the orthogonal signal correction (OSC) method was used to correct excessive background. The method was also compared with several classical background correction methods, such as offset correction, multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), standard normal variate (SNV) transformation, de-trending (DT), first derivative, second derivative and wavelet methods. A simulated dataset and a real NIR spectral dataset were used to test the efficiency of different background correction methods. The results showed that OSC is the only effective method for correcting excessive background.
文摘The efficacy of ethanol extracts from four plants, Dennettia tripetala Baker, Eugenia aromatica Baillon, Piper guineense Thonn et Schum and Anchomanes difformis P. Beauv. as bioinsecticides for control of adult Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky, Tribolium castaneum Herbst, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius, Oryzaephilus mercator Fauvel and Lasioderma serricorne Fabricius were determined at two concentrations (0.5% and 2.0%) in the laboratory. All extracts were toxic to beetles with E. aromatica being the most potent of four plant materials tested and had the least LT 50 value. This was followed by A. difformis extract. At 2.0% v/w extract concentration, percentage grain damage by insects in treated grains stored for 90 days was nil. Grains protected with A. difformis had the least percentage seedgerminationof62.50%whilethoseprotectedwithP.guineensehadthehighestpercentagegermination(74.58%)at2.0% extract concentration. The mean percentage germination in the control was 72.72%. Treatment of grains with plant extracts had no significant (P>0.05) effect on its water absorption capacity.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)the Ministry of Education(2015R1A6A1A03031413)Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea(PJ00743703).
文摘Objective:To investigate anti-quorum sensing(anti-QS)and anti-biofilm formation(antiBF)activities of the ethanol extracts of 388 plants.Methods:The anti-QS activity of the plant extracts was evaluated by disc-diffusion assays using the bio-reporter strain,Chromobacterium violaceum CV017.Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1,Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 9610,and Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58,which possess QS systems,were used to evaluate the antiBF activity of the plant extracts.Results:Among 388 plant extracts,the Cornus controversa(C.controversa)and Cynanchum wilfordii extracts exhibited the strongest anti-QS activity.The C.controversa extract exhibited anti-BF activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Yersinia enterocolitica and Agrobacterium tumefaciens,whereas the Cynanchum wilfordii extract exhibited no anti-BF activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.In addition,the C.controversa extract suppressed soft rot of cabbage.Conclusions:The C.controversa extract inhibits bacterial QS and BF,and is capable of controlling soft rot.Therefore,this extract has potential for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections and for the development of alternatives to antibiotics.
