Vehicular Edge Computing(VEC)brings the computational resources in close proximity to the service requestors and thus supports explosive computing demands from smart vehicles.However,the limited computing capability o...Vehicular Edge Computing(VEC)brings the computational resources in close proximity to the service requestors and thus supports explosive computing demands from smart vehicles.However,the limited computing capability of VEC cannot simultaneously respond to large amounts of offloading requests,thus restricting the performance of VEC system.Besides,a mass of traffic data can incur tremendous pressure on the front-haul links between vehicles and the edge server.To strengthen the performance of VEC,in this paper we propose to place services beforehand at the edge server,e.g.,by deploying the services/tasks-oriented data(e.g.,related libraries and databases)in advance at the network edge,instead of downloading them from the remote data center or offloading them from vehicles during the runtime.In this paper,we formulate the service placement problem in VEC to minimize the average response latency for all requested services along the slotted timeline.Specifically,the time slot spanned optimization problem is converted into per-slot optimization problems based on the Lyapunov optimization.Then a greedy heuristic is introduced to the drift-plus-penalty-based algorithm for seeking the approximate solution.The simulation results reveal its advantages over others in terms of optimal values and our strategy can satisfy the long-term energy constraint.展开更多
Introduction: Teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) has become part of the standard curriculum for health care students and professionals. Teaching EBP skills should be emphasized in entry level physiotherapy educati...Introduction: Teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) has become part of the standard curriculum for health care students and professionals. Teaching EBP skills should be emphasized in entry level physiotherapy education as physiotherapists are expected to practice in an evidence-based way. Identifying barriers to the application of EBP in clinical placement plays an important role in developing physiotherapy programs. The present study aimed to explore physiotherapy students’ perceived barriers toward the use of EBP during their clinical placements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among third-year physiotherapy students at the Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Participants were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire that was developed by the researcher based on previously developed surveys. The analyses applied included descriptive statistics and calculation of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations of the participating students’ scores. Results: Fifty final-year undergraduate students with a mean age of 23.7 (±4.3, range 23 - 27) years participated in the study. Majority of participants reported lack of formal training, poor ability to critically appraise research evidence, insufficient time, their clinical supervisors, or other therapists not using EBP when treating patients as barriers towards practicing EBP. Conclusions: Physiotherapy students face many challenges in terms of training, organizational, and personal barriers toward the use of EBP during clinical placement. Lack of formal training, lack of research skills, insufficient time and their clinical supervisors or other therapists not using EBP when treating patients, emerged as top barriers. This fact underlines the importance of teaching students EBP skills, which would enable them to use EBP when working with patients.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62071327)Tianjin Science and Technology Planning Project(No.22ZYYYJC00020)。
文摘Vehicular Edge Computing(VEC)brings the computational resources in close proximity to the service requestors and thus supports explosive computing demands from smart vehicles.However,the limited computing capability of VEC cannot simultaneously respond to large amounts of offloading requests,thus restricting the performance of VEC system.Besides,a mass of traffic data can incur tremendous pressure on the front-haul links between vehicles and the edge server.To strengthen the performance of VEC,in this paper we propose to place services beforehand at the edge server,e.g.,by deploying the services/tasks-oriented data(e.g.,related libraries and databases)in advance at the network edge,instead of downloading them from the remote data center or offloading them from vehicles during the runtime.In this paper,we formulate the service placement problem in VEC to minimize the average response latency for all requested services along the slotted timeline.Specifically,the time slot spanned optimization problem is converted into per-slot optimization problems based on the Lyapunov optimization.Then a greedy heuristic is introduced to the drift-plus-penalty-based algorithm for seeking the approximate solution.The simulation results reveal its advantages over others in terms of optimal values and our strategy can satisfy the long-term energy constraint.
文摘Introduction: Teaching evidence-based practice (EBP) has become part of the standard curriculum for health care students and professionals. Teaching EBP skills should be emphasized in entry level physiotherapy education as physiotherapists are expected to practice in an evidence-based way. Identifying barriers to the application of EBP in clinical placement plays an important role in developing physiotherapy programs. The present study aimed to explore physiotherapy students’ perceived barriers toward the use of EBP during their clinical placements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among third-year physiotherapy students at the Faculty of Health Sciences University of Ljubljana, Slovenia. Participants were asked to complete a self-reported questionnaire that was developed by the researcher based on previously developed surveys. The analyses applied included descriptive statistics and calculation of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations of the participating students’ scores. Results: Fifty final-year undergraduate students with a mean age of 23.7 (±4.3, range 23 - 27) years participated in the study. Majority of participants reported lack of formal training, poor ability to critically appraise research evidence, insufficient time, their clinical supervisors, or other therapists not using EBP when treating patients as barriers towards practicing EBP. Conclusions: Physiotherapy students face many challenges in terms of training, organizational, and personal barriers toward the use of EBP during clinical placement. Lack of formal training, lack of research skills, insufficient time and their clinical supervisors or other therapists not using EBP when treating patients, emerged as top barriers. This fact underlines the importance of teaching students EBP skills, which would enable them to use EBP when working with patients.
