The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Z...The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.展开更多
通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术,对人工老熟1年窖泥(Apm)与自然老熟10年、50年窖泥(Ypm、Opm)的细菌群落结构差异进行分析,并使用PICRUSt2软件对细菌菌群的代谢功能进行预测分析。结果表明,Opm样品细菌菌群的丰富度与多样性最高,其...通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术,对人工老熟1年窖泥(Apm)与自然老熟10年、50年窖泥(Ypm、Opm)的细菌群落结构差异进行分析,并使用PICRUSt2软件对细菌菌群的代谢功能进行预测分析。结果表明,Opm样品细菌菌群的丰富度与多样性最高,其次是Ypm样品,Apm样品最低。从所有窖泥中共注释到38个细菌门,488个细菌属。Apm样品与Ypm、Opm样品在细菌菌群结构差异主要体现在相对丰度上。在门水平上,Apm样品中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度(77.26%)最高,Ypm、Opm样品中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度最高,分别为70.99%、80.60%。在属水平上,Apm样品中不动杆菌属(Anaerosalibacter)相对丰度(17.56%)最高,己酸菌属(Caproiciproducens)作为评价窖泥老熟程度的关键菌属,在Ypm、Opm样品中相对丰度最高,分别为10.44%、39.91%,Apm样品中其相对丰度(2.98%)最低。窖泥细菌菌群主要涉及12个主要代谢通路,其中碳源代谢、氨基酸代谢、能量代谢、辅助因子和维生素代谢、脂质代谢能力最强,且窖泥细菌菌群代谢强弱排序为Opm>Ypm>Apm。展开更多
基金supported by the Cooperation Project of Luzhou Laojiao Co.,Ltd.Sichuan University (21H0997)。
文摘The quality and aroma of strong-flavor Baijiu are mainly dependent on Daqu,pit mud(PM),and the interaction of both.However,little is known about how their combination patterns affect the microbiome and metabolome of Zaopei,especially the metabolic function of rare taxa.Here,an experiment on industrial size was designed to assess the effects of 6 combinations(3 kinds of Daqu×2 kinds of PM)on the composition and assembly of different taxa,as well as the flavor profile.The results showed that Zaopei's microbiota was composed of a few abundant taxa and enormous rare taxa,and rare bacterial and abundant fungal subcommunities were significantly affected by combination patterns.The assembly processes of abundant/rare taxa and bacterial/fungal communities were distinct,and environmental changes mediated the balance between stochastic and deterministic processes in rare bacteria assembly.Furthermore,specific combination patterns improved the flavor quality of Zaopei by enhancing the interspecies interaction,which was closely related to rare taxa,especially rare bacteria.These findings highlighted that rare bacteria might be the keystone in involving community interaction and maintaining metabolic function,which provided a scientific foundation for better understanding and regulating the brewing microbiota from the viewpoint of microbial ecology.
文摘通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序技术,对人工老熟1年窖泥(Apm)与自然老熟10年、50年窖泥(Ypm、Opm)的细菌群落结构差异进行分析,并使用PICRUSt2软件对细菌菌群的代谢功能进行预测分析。结果表明,Opm样品细菌菌群的丰富度与多样性最高,其次是Ypm样品,Apm样品最低。从所有窖泥中共注释到38个细菌门,488个细菌属。Apm样品与Ypm、Opm样品在细菌菌群结构差异主要体现在相对丰度上。在门水平上,Apm样品中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度(77.26%)最高,Ypm、Opm样品中厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度最高,分别为70.99%、80.60%。在属水平上,Apm样品中不动杆菌属(Anaerosalibacter)相对丰度(17.56%)最高,己酸菌属(Caproiciproducens)作为评价窖泥老熟程度的关键菌属,在Ypm、Opm样品中相对丰度最高,分别为10.44%、39.91%,Apm样品中其相对丰度(2.98%)最低。窖泥细菌菌群主要涉及12个主要代谢通路,其中碳源代谢、氨基酸代谢、能量代谢、辅助因子和维生素代谢、脂质代谢能力最强,且窖泥细菌菌群代谢强弱排序为Opm>Ypm>Apm。
