Objective:To carry out the physicochemical and phytochemical standardization with high performance thin layer chromatography fingerprinting of Piper nigrum L.(P.nigrum)fruits in order to ascertain the standard pharmac...Objective:To carry out the physicochemical and phytochemical standardization with high performance thin layer chromatography fingerprinting of Piper nigrum L.(P.nigrum)fruits in order to ascertain the standard pharmacognostical parameters of this king of spices.Methods:Many standardization parameters like extractive values,total ash value,water soluble ash value and acid insoluble ash,moisture content,loss on drying and pH values of P.nigrum L.fruits were analyzed.The method of Harborne was adopted for the preliminary phytochemicals screening.Analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid contents,pesticides residues,aflatoxin and heavy metals were also performed.CAMAG-high performance thin layer chromatography system was used for fingerprinting of methanolic extract of P.nigrum L.fruits.Results:The results of phytochemicals testing indicated the presence of carbohydrates,phenolic compounds,flavonoids,alkaloids,proteins,saponins,lipids,sterols and tannins in various solvent extracts.Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in methanolic extract were found to be 1.728 1 mg/g and 1.087 ug/g,respectively.Heavy metals concentrations were found to be within standard limits.Aflatoxins and pesticides residues were absent.Conclusions:The outcome of this study might prove beneficial in herbal industries for identification,purification and standardization of P.nigrum L.fruits.展开更多
Piper longum Linn. is a native of the Indo-Malaya region, belongs to the family Piperaceae. It is a slender aromatic climber widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions. As a traditional ethnic drug, P....Piper longum Linn. is a native of the Indo-Malaya region, belongs to the family Piperaceae. It is a slender aromatic climber widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions. As a traditional ethnic drug, P. longum contains various chemical constituents such as alkaloids, volatile oil and lignans. The extract of P. longum has been reported to show various activities like antitumor, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. Hence, this paper is presented as a review centered on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of P. longum, aiming at its further development and potential value.展开更多
Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor,which is one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths worldwide,specially,in China.Piper longum Linn,is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat and preve...Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor,which is one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths worldwide,specially,in China.Piper longum Linn,is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat and prevent diseases in clinical practice,however,the active ingredients and potential targets of its action against liver cancer remain unclear.In this study,network pharmacology approach was used to identify active ingredients and the major targets of Piper longum against liver cancer.In addition,the key pathways were also predicted on the network pharmacology level,which might be beneficial to the chemical basis and pharmacological studies of this plant.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacol...The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to investigate the mechanism of action of SNL against ulcerative colitis(UC).A total of 282 component target genes and 1850 disease target genes were obtained,and 157 cross-targets and 16 core-targets were obtained after crossover.A total of 20 signaling pathways such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic were obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis,respectively.It is possible that the anti UC eff ect can be achieved by regulating proteins such as AKT1,EGFR,NFKB1,JUN,and HSP90AA1.Molecular docking results show that the anti UC active ingredients are well docked with the target protein molecules This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of SNL.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.A...OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.After 6 weeks on HFD,the water extract of Morus alba L.bark(MAB,2 mg/mL)was locally injected into one inguinal fat pad,while saline was injected into the other side,3 times/week for 6 weeks(n=6/group).The water extract of MAB was freeze-dried and then diluted in saline before use.RESULTS:HFD-fed mice treated with local MAB topical injection showed reduced adipocyte weight and size in inguinal fat pads by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.No toxicity changes seen in liver,spleen,kidney tissue,or alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase levels in serum by MAB injection.Protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and glucose transporter type 4,and mRNA expression of adiponectin,were increased in inguinal adipose tissue injected with MAB locally.Locally MAB injection led to a decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,linked to gluconeogenesis,while forkhead box protein O1,which regulates these factors,was increased.Moreover,there was an increase in adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,related to lipogenesis,as well as elevated levels of hormone-sensitive lipase and fatty acid synthase,both associated with lipolysis.These results support the'insulin signaling pathway'and'regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes'identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway through network analysis.CONCLUSION:This study suggests that MAB topical injection exhibits localized fat reduction by inhibiting insulin resistance,gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis mediator,while activating lipolysis enzymes within targeted adipose site.展开更多
Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isol...Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isolated the P.longum root ethanolic extract and the compounds using p-HPLC.In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of P.longum root extract and isolated alkamide compounds against biofilm-forming MDR S.aureus(ATCC 33591)were assessed using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods,respectively.In silico investigations were conducted to investigate the interaction of alkamide compounds with three target proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β),matrix metalloproteinases-8(MMP-8),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).In addition,the wound healing effect of P.longum root extract 2%and 5%(w/v)-containing hydrogels was determined in mice.Results:The ethanolic root extract of P.longum and its compounds exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 50µg/mL and 700µg/mL,as well as significantly reduced biofilm formation.Piperdardine isolated from P.longum root extract had the best molecular docking score(-9.7,-9.8,and-9.2 kcal/mol)with target proteins GSK3β,MMP-8,and iNOS.In vivo studies showed that P.longum hydrogels significantly lowered the number of colony-forming units(P<0.05).The P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel-treated group showed enhanced wound healing activity,achieving a wound contraction rate of 99.34%on day 14.Furthermore,histopathological analysis confirmed increased re-epithelialization and reduced inflammation in mice treated with P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel.Conclusions:P.longum root extract has pharmacological potential as an antibacterial and wound-healing agent,and further research is required to confirm its efficacy and clinical application.展开更多
[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photos...[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photosynthesis system(Li-6400) was used to determine photosynthetic characteristics of 6-year-old Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.[Result] Both the leaf net photosynthetic rate change and diurnal variation of transpiration rate were single peak type.The relations among the leaf net photosynthetic rate of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and photosynthetically active radiation,CO2 concentration and other relevant ecological factors(including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, difference of vapour pressure and leaf temperature) were two quadratic linear relations.[Conclusion] Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. preferred strong light irradiation and high temperature environment and the experiment has provided foundations for ecological and commercial cultivations.展开更多
Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Piper wallichii. Methods Five compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and the structures of compounds w...Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Piper wallichii. Methods Five compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and the structures of compounds were identified by spectral analysis. Result Five compounds were identified as piperlonguminine （trans, trans） （1）, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoic acid （2）, galgravin （3）, β-sitosterol （4）, and daucosterol （5）. Conclusion Five compounds were isolated from Piper wallichii for the first time, and compounds 1 -3 were isolated from this genus far the first time.展开更多
The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 mate...The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 materials of P. methysticum, 21 maerials of cultivated and wild Pepper, 1 material of Peperomia pellucida belonged to different genus. Premiers with good band-type and high polymorphism and resolution were selected from 64 pairs of primers for AFLP amplification and the clustering analysis was conducted with MVSP3.13f software. 191 bands were amplified by 4 pairs of premiers, 189 of which had polymorphism, being 98.6%. 28 germplasms were classified into 6 different groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52 by silver staining AFLP, in which 6 materials of Piper methysticum were clustered into a single group, indicating that P. methysticum belonged to Pepper family of Pepper genus but were distantly related to the others. The research provided the basis for selecting rootstocks for P. methysticum graft, molecular identification of P. methysticum and the fingerprint construction of P. methysticum.展开更多
基金Supported by AYUSH.Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.Government of India[Grant No.CCRUM-UPC-Ⅱ(3-15/2009.CCRUM/UPC)]
文摘Objective:To carry out the physicochemical and phytochemical standardization with high performance thin layer chromatography fingerprinting of Piper nigrum L.(P.nigrum)fruits in order to ascertain the standard pharmacognostical parameters of this king of spices.Methods:Many standardization parameters like extractive values,total ash value,water soluble ash value and acid insoluble ash,moisture content,loss on drying and pH values of P.nigrum L.fruits were analyzed.The method of Harborne was adopted for the preliminary phytochemicals screening.Analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid contents,pesticides residues,aflatoxin and heavy metals were also performed.CAMAG-high performance thin layer chromatography system was used for fingerprinting of methanolic extract of P.nigrum L.fruits.Results:The results of phytochemicals testing indicated the presence of carbohydrates,phenolic compounds,flavonoids,alkaloids,proteins,saponins,lipids,sterols and tannins in various solvent extracts.Total phenolic and flavonoid contents in methanolic extract were found to be 1.728 1 mg/g and 1.087 ug/g,respectively.Heavy metals concentrations were found to be within standard limits.Aflatoxins and pesticides residues were absent.Conclusions:The outcome of this study might prove beneficial in herbal industries for identification,purification and standardization of P.nigrum L.fruits.
文摘Piper longum Linn. is a native of the Indo-Malaya region, belongs to the family Piperaceae. It is a slender aromatic climber widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions. As a traditional ethnic drug, P. longum contains various chemical constituents such as alkaloids, volatile oil and lignans. The extract of P. longum has been reported to show various activities like antitumor, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity. Hence, this paper is presented as a review centered on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of P. longum, aiming at its further development and potential value.
文摘Liver cancer is a common malignant tumor,which is one of the most common causes of cancer related deaths worldwide,specially,in China.Piper longum Linn,is a traditional Chinese medicine that is used to treat and prevent diseases in clinical practice,however,the active ingredients and potential targets of its action against liver cancer remain unclear.In this study,network pharmacology approach was used to identify active ingredients and the major targets of Piper longum against liver cancer.In addition,the key pathways were also predicted on the network pharmacology level,which might be beneficial to the chemical basis and pharmacological studies of this plant.
文摘The purpose of this study was to characterize the chemical components of the extract of Solanum Nigrum Linn.(SNL),by LC-MS/MS,and to identify 33 compounds by positive and negative total ion flow maps.Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used to investigate the mechanism of action of SNL against ulcerative colitis(UC).A total of 282 component target genes and 1850 disease target genes were obtained,and 157 cross-targets and 16 core-targets were obtained after crossover.A total of 20 signaling pathways such as anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic were obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis,respectively.It is possible that the anti UC eff ect can be achieved by regulating proteins such as AKT1,EGFR,NFKB1,JUN,and HSP90AA1.Molecular docking results show that the anti UC active ingredients are well docked with the target protein molecules This study provides a scientific basis for the development and utilization of SNL.
基金Supported by Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the National Research Foundation of Korea,funded by the Korean Government(Project Number:NRF-2019R1I1A2A01063598)Undergraduate Research Program of the College of Korean Medicine,Kyung Hee University,Republic of Korea,in 2023(Project Number:2023)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To determine direct targeting of localized adiposity through Morus alba Linne bark injection based on pharmacology network analysis.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet(HFD)to induce obesity.After 6 weeks on HFD,the water extract of Morus alba L.bark(MAB,2 mg/mL)was locally injected into one inguinal fat pad,while saline was injected into the other side,3 times/week for 6 weeks(n=6/group).The water extract of MAB was freeze-dried and then diluted in saline before use.RESULTS:HFD-fed mice treated with local MAB topical injection showed reduced adipocyte weight and size in inguinal fat pads by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.No toxicity changes seen in liver,spleen,kidney tissue,or alanine aminotransferase/aspartate aminotransferase levels in serum by MAB injection.Protein levels of phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate-1 and glucose transporter type 4,and mRNA expression of adiponectin,were increased in inguinal adipose tissue injected with MAB locally.Locally MAB injection led to a decrease in glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase,linked to gluconeogenesis,while forkhead box protein O1,which regulates these factors,was increased.Moreover,there was an increase in adenosine 5‘-monophosphate-activated protein kinase,related to lipogenesis,as well as elevated levels of hormone-sensitive lipase and fatty acid synthase,both associated with lipolysis.These results support the'insulin signaling pathway'and'regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes'identified in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway through network analysis.CONCLUSION:This study suggests that MAB topical injection exhibits localized fat reduction by inhibiting insulin resistance,gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis mediator,while activating lipolysis enzymes within targeted adipose site.
基金supported by NPDF fellowship grants from the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences,Ministry of AYUSH,Govt.of India(HQ-ESTT012/60/2022-ESTT/6783).
文摘Objective:To explore the effect of a hydrogel of Piper longum(P.longum)root against biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant(MDR)Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)through in vitro,in silico,and in vivo studies.Methods:We isolated the P.longum root ethanolic extract and the compounds using p-HPLC.In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of P.longum root extract and isolated alkamide compounds against biofilm-forming MDR S.aureus(ATCC 33591)were assessed using agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods,respectively.In silico investigations were conducted to investigate the interaction of alkamide compounds with three target proteins glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK3β),matrix metalloproteinases-8(MMP-8),and inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS).In addition,the wound healing effect of P.longum root extract 2%and 5%(w/v)-containing hydrogels was determined in mice.Results:The ethanolic root extract of P.longum and its compounds exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations between 50µg/mL and 700µg/mL,as well as significantly reduced biofilm formation.Piperdardine isolated from P.longum root extract had the best molecular docking score(-9.7,-9.8,and-9.2 kcal/mol)with target proteins GSK3β,MMP-8,and iNOS.In vivo studies showed that P.longum hydrogels significantly lowered the number of colony-forming units(P<0.05).The P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel-treated group showed enhanced wound healing activity,achieving a wound contraction rate of 99.34%on day 14.Furthermore,histopathological analysis confirmed increased re-epithelialization and reduced inflammation in mice treated with P.longum 5%(w/v)hydrogel.Conclusions:P.longum root extract has pharmacological potential as an antibacterial and wound-healing agent,and further research is required to confirm its efficacy and clinical application.
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to research the photosynthetic characteristics of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and the relations between Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. and ecological factors.[Method] The portable photosynthesis system(Li-6400) was used to determine photosynthetic characteristics of 6-year-old Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.[Result] Both the leaf net photosynthetic rate change and diurnal variation of transpiration rate were single peak type.The relations among the leaf net photosynthetic rate of Calophyllum inophyllum Linn.and photosynthetically active radiation,CO2 concentration and other relevant ecological factors(including transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, difference of vapour pressure and leaf temperature) were two quadratic linear relations.[Conclusion] Calophyllum inophyllum Linn. preferred strong light irradiation and high temperature environment and the experiment has provided foundations for ecological and commercial cultivations.
文摘Aim To investigate the chemical constituents of Piper wallichii. Methods Five compounds were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, and the structures of compounds were identified by spectral analysis. Result Five compounds were identified as piperlonguminine （trans, trans） （1）, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxy-benzoic acid （2）, galgravin （3）, β-sitosterol （4）, and daucosterol （5）. Conclusion Five compounds were isolated from Piper wallichii for the first time, and compounds 1 -3 were isolated from this genus far the first time.
基金Supported by the National Key Project of Tenth-five Year Plan(2001BA707B)School Foundation Program of Henan Science and Technology University~~
文摘The aim of the research was to discuss the genetic relationships between Piper methysticum, Pepper and other wild species in Pepper genus. DNA was extracted from leaves which belonged to 28 germplasms including 6 materials of P. methysticum, 21 maerials of cultivated and wild Pepper, 1 material of Peperomia pellucida belonged to different genus. Premiers with good band-type and high polymorphism and resolution were selected from 64 pairs of primers for AFLP amplification and the clustering analysis was conducted with MVSP3.13f software. 191 bands were amplified by 4 pairs of premiers, 189 of which had polymorphism, being 98.6%. 28 germplasms were classified into 6 different groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.52 by silver staining AFLP, in which 6 materials of Piper methysticum were clustered into a single group, indicating that P. methysticum belonged to Pepper family of Pepper genus but were distantly related to the others. The research provided the basis for selecting rootstocks for P. methysticum graft, molecular identification of P. methysticum and the fingerprint construction of P. methysticum.
