This research presents a novel approach to pipeline Structure Health Monitoring(SHM)by utilizing frequency response function signals and integrating advanced data-driven techniques to detect and evaluate vibration res...This research presents a novel approach to pipeline Structure Health Monitoring(SHM)by utilizing frequency response function signals and integrating advanced data-driven techniques to detect and evaluate vibration responses regarding loose bolts,scale deposits within pipelines,and cracks at pipeline supports,aiming to determine the effectiveness of utilizing artificial neural networks(ANN)and an ensemble learning approach in detecting the aforementioned damages through a data-driven approach.The research starts by recording 6500 samples captured by two accelerometers,related to 11 replicated pipeline structural scenarios.The research demonstrated the potential of principal component analysis(PCA)in dimensionality reduction,achieving approximately 81%reduction in data set 1 acquired by accelerometer 1 and around 79.5%in data set 2 acquired by accelerometer 2,without significant loss of information.Additionally,two ANN base models were employed for fault recognition and classification,achieving over 99.88%accuracy and mean squared error values ranging from 0.00006 to 0.00019.A significant innovation of this work lies in the implementation of an ensemble learning approach,which integrates the strengths of the base models,showcasing outstanding performance that was proved consistent across multiple iterations,effectively mitigating the weaknesses of the base models and providing a reliable fault classification and prediction system.This research underscores the effectiveness of combining PCA,ANN,k-fold cross-validation,and ensemble learning techniques in pipeline SHM for improved reliability and safety.The findings highlight the potential for broader applications of this methodology in real-world scenarios,addressing urgent challenges faced by infrastructure owners and operators.展开更多
Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been co<span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">nsidered “effective, safe and reliable”. O...Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been co<span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">nsidered “effective, safe and reliable”. Over the years, pipeline failures in Niger Delta region of Nigeria have resulted in loss of lives, water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, destruction of infrastructures and aquatic lives, and other losses. The study area, Niger Delta region is located on Latitude 4<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>50</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">' </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">N, longitude 6<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">'</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">E and comprised of nine coastal states of Ni</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">geria (about 70,000</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">km<sup>2</sup>). Failure data were collected using: Questionnaires administered to experienced pipeline engineers in the International oil and gas companies (IOCs), Personnel interviews, and reports from the Department of Petroleum Resources, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). This study assessed the strategies employed by four IOCs to mitigate pipeline failures in the process of asset integrity management. Design and construction methods detailing pipelines laying to infiltration</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">discouraging-depth were st</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">udied. The results obtained showed that vandalism is presently the major cause of pipeline failures. Deep burial solution was therefore explored as a vandalism mitigation approach and its cost of implementation for a typical Φ20</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">× 15</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">km trunkline in the region showed 9.627% (</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">≈809.3 million Naira) rise co</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">mpared to the normal burial option, and this difference accrued mainly from equipment and personnel cost. This is a paltry sum compared to the huge losses due to vandalism. Finally, this study posits that the available regulatory framework is now inadequate for pipeline design, construction, and operations due to this challenge and requires urgent amendment in favour of deep burial option.</span>展开更多
The number of electromechanical pipelines in construction engineering is large and complicated. If reasonable construction technology cannot be adopted, it will not only affect the normal operation of the equipment, c...The number of electromechanical pipelines in construction engineering is large and complicated. If reasonable construction technology cannot be adopted, it will not only affect the normal operation of the equipment, cause greater energy loss, but also increase the frequency of pipeline damage. It has a negative impact on the overall safety of the building. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the analysis and mastery of the construction technology of electromechanical integrated pipeline in construction, adopt effective treatment method according to the form of building space, strengthen the scientific nature of pipeline layout, and promote the safe and efficient operation of electromechanical equipment.展开更多
文摘This research presents a novel approach to pipeline Structure Health Monitoring(SHM)by utilizing frequency response function signals and integrating advanced data-driven techniques to detect and evaluate vibration responses regarding loose bolts,scale deposits within pipelines,and cracks at pipeline supports,aiming to determine the effectiveness of utilizing artificial neural networks(ANN)and an ensemble learning approach in detecting the aforementioned damages through a data-driven approach.The research starts by recording 6500 samples captured by two accelerometers,related to 11 replicated pipeline structural scenarios.The research demonstrated the potential of principal component analysis(PCA)in dimensionality reduction,achieving approximately 81%reduction in data set 1 acquired by accelerometer 1 and around 79.5%in data set 2 acquired by accelerometer 2,without significant loss of information.Additionally,two ANN base models were employed for fault recognition and classification,achieving over 99.88%accuracy and mean squared error values ranging from 0.00006 to 0.00019.A significant innovation of this work lies in the implementation of an ensemble learning approach,which integrates the strengths of the base models,showcasing outstanding performance that was proved consistent across multiple iterations,effectively mitigating the weaknesses of the base models and providing a reliable fault classification and prediction system.This research underscores the effectiveness of combining PCA,ANN,k-fold cross-validation,and ensemble learning techniques in pipeline SHM for improved reliability and safety.The findings highlight the potential for broader applications of this methodology in real-world scenarios,addressing urgent challenges faced by infrastructure owners and operators.
文摘Pipelines, as means of transportation of water and hydrocarbon have been co<span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">nsidered “effective, safe and reliable”. Over the years, pipeline failures in Niger Delta region of Nigeria have resulted in loss of lives, water pollution, soil contamination, air pollution, destruction of infrastructures and aquatic lives, and other losses. The study area, Niger Delta region is located on Latitude 4<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>50</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">' </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">N, longitude 6<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">'</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">00</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">E and comprised of nine coastal states of Ni</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">geria (about 70,000</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">km<sup>2</sup>). Failure data were collected using: Questionnaires administered to experienced pipeline engineers in the International oil and gas companies (IOCs), Personnel interviews, and reports from the Department of Petroleum Resources, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). This study assessed the strategies employed by four IOCs to mitigate pipeline failures in the process of asset integrity management. Design and construction methods detailing pipelines laying to infiltration</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">discouraging-depth were st</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">udied. The results obtained showed that vandalism is presently the major cause of pipeline failures. Deep burial solution was therefore explored as a vandalism mitigation approach and its cost of implementation for a typical Φ20</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">"</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""></span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">× 15</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">km trunkline in the region showed 9.627% (</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">≈809.3 million Naira) rise co</span><span style="white-space:normal;font-size:10pt;font-family:;" "="">mpared to the normal burial option, and this difference accrued mainly from equipment and personnel cost. This is a paltry sum compared to the huge losses due to vandalism. Finally, this study posits that the available regulatory framework is now inadequate for pipeline design, construction, and operations due to this challenge and requires urgent amendment in favour of deep burial option.</span>
文摘The number of electromechanical pipelines in construction engineering is large and complicated. If reasonable construction technology cannot be adopted, it will not only affect the normal operation of the equipment, cause greater energy loss, but also increase the frequency of pipeline damage. It has a negative impact on the overall safety of the building. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the analysis and mastery of the construction technology of electromechanical integrated pipeline in construction, adopt effective treatment method according to the form of building space, strengthen the scientific nature of pipeline layout, and promote the safe and efficient operation of electromechanical equipment.
