Background: Rabies is a zoonotic disease and many vulnerable sections like rag pickers and municipality workers neglect animal bites due to ignorance of their potential deadly outcomes. Stray dogs abound in garbage pi...Background: Rabies is a zoonotic disease and many vulnerable sections like rag pickers and municipality workers neglect animal bites due to ignorance of their potential deadly outcomes. Stray dogs abound in garbage pits and this population is exposed to their attacks. It should be a mandate for municipalities to help protect their sanitary workforce, especially rag pickers, from deadly infectious diseases such as Rabies, Hepatitis-B, HIV, Tetanus etc. Objectives: Objective of this study was to study methods to provide pre-exposure Rabies vaccination for such highly exposed populations by engaging them and understanding their perception of this disease through a constant dialogue with them. Methods: We started by engaging with the rag pickers to know how best to entice them to get themselves immunized. We then attempted to search literature for the most practical methods likely to succeed in reducing risk of rabies deaths in this population. Results: WHO approved 3 injections of 0.1 ml tissue culture vaccine on days 0, 7 and 21 were tried but were shown to result in many dropouts among rag pickers for repeat injections. We then followed a method where 0.1 ml of rabies vaccine was injected at 4 different anatomical sited in one setting. This proved acceptable and relatively inexpensive. A small number of subjects were studied by determination of neutralizing antibody by RFFIT, which proved immunogenic having anamnestic response on boosters given single IM or at 4 sites ID subsequently, implying that short schedule rabies pre-exposure vaccination can be done in high risk groups and may save lives if applied to the poorest that are highly exposed.展开更多
Cotton production in Xinjiang has boosted migrant farmers’ income and self-confidence When autumn settles in the rolling cotton fields in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the fluffy snowy flowers burst out of the...Cotton production in Xinjiang has boosted migrant farmers’ income and self-confidence When autumn settles in the rolling cotton fields in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the fluffy snowy flowers burst out of their shells,the cotton harvest season arrives.For farmers like Wu Caixia, a resident of Linze County in northwestern Gansu Province,it is time to embark on展开更多
Pickering综合征表现为反复的肺水肿和肾功能损害,与肾动脉狭窄有关。本病例描述了一位82岁女性患者,有高血压和冠心病史,伴有肾血管狭窄,反复出现肺水肿。影像学显示肾血管狭窄从单侧发展到双侧。尽管接受药物治疗,患者仍反复肺水肿。...Pickering综合征表现为反复的肺水肿和肾功能损害,与肾动脉狭窄有关。本病例描述了一位82岁女性患者,有高血压和冠心病史,伴有肾血管狭窄,反复出现肺水肿。影像学显示肾血管狭窄从单侧发展到双侧。尽管接受药物治疗,患者仍反复肺水肿。肾血管介入治疗后,患者病情稳定,心脏和肾脏功能改善。此病例强调识别肾动脉狭窄的重要性,并显示及时诊断和治疗的益处。早期识别和治疗Pickering综合征可有效预防肺水肿和肾功能衰竭。Pickering syndrome is characterized by recurrent pulmonary edema and renal impairment associated with renal artery stenosis. This case describes an 82-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease, renal vascular stenosis, and recurrent pulmonary edema. Imaging shows renal vascular stenosis progressing from unilateral to bilateral. Patients have recurrent pulmonary edema despite medication. After renal vascular intervention, the patient’s condition was stable and his heart and kidney function improved. This case highlights the importance of identifying renal artery stenosis and shows the benefits of prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early recognition and treatment of Pickering syndrome is effective in preventing pulmonary edema and renal failure.展开更多
为实现核桃中蛋白资源的高值化利用,本研究以核桃分离蛋白(Walnut protein isolate,WPI)和壳聚糖(Chitosan,CS)为原料,利用静电相互作用制备WPI-CS纳米颗粒,并用于稳定Pickering乳液。通过纳米粒度仪及Zeta电位仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱...为实现核桃中蛋白资源的高值化利用,本研究以核桃分离蛋白(Walnut protein isolate,WPI)和壳聚糖(Chitosan,CS)为原料,利用静电相互作用制备WPI-CS纳米颗粒,并用于稳定Pickering乳液。通过纳米粒度仪及Zeta电位仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪对WPI-CS进行表征,探究WPI与CS质量比对WPICS颗粒特性的影响;分析不同颗粒浓度(0.5%~2.5%)和油相体积分数(20%~60%)对Pickering微观结构、流变特性和贮藏稳定性的影响。结果表明:当WPI:CS为5:3时,WPI-CS的粒径和Zeta电位分别为846.43 nm和56.633 mV,具有良好的乳化性和稳定性,熔融温度达到80.16℃;复合改变了WPI的结构,二者通过氢键和静电相互作用结合,形成了紧密的网络结构。当WPI:CS为5:3,油相体积分数为40%,WPI-CS颗粒浓度为1.5%时,Pickering乳液液滴尺寸最小,仅为18.05μm,液滴分布均匀,形状为规则的球形;贮藏15 d后乳液仍未发生分层,表现出良好的稳定性;乳液内部形成了弹性为主的凝胶网络结构,随着频率的增加,弹性凝胶网络结构被破坏。展开更多
文摘Background: Rabies is a zoonotic disease and many vulnerable sections like rag pickers and municipality workers neglect animal bites due to ignorance of their potential deadly outcomes. Stray dogs abound in garbage pits and this population is exposed to their attacks. It should be a mandate for municipalities to help protect their sanitary workforce, especially rag pickers, from deadly infectious diseases such as Rabies, Hepatitis-B, HIV, Tetanus etc. Objectives: Objective of this study was to study methods to provide pre-exposure Rabies vaccination for such highly exposed populations by engaging them and understanding their perception of this disease through a constant dialogue with them. Methods: We started by engaging with the rag pickers to know how best to entice them to get themselves immunized. We then attempted to search literature for the most practical methods likely to succeed in reducing risk of rabies deaths in this population. Results: WHO approved 3 injections of 0.1 ml tissue culture vaccine on days 0, 7 and 21 were tried but were shown to result in many dropouts among rag pickers for repeat injections. We then followed a method where 0.1 ml of rabies vaccine was injected at 4 different anatomical sited in one setting. This proved acceptable and relatively inexpensive. A small number of subjects were studied by determination of neutralizing antibody by RFFIT, which proved immunogenic having anamnestic response on boosters given single IM or at 4 sites ID subsequently, implying that short schedule rabies pre-exposure vaccination can be done in high risk groups and may save lives if applied to the poorest that are highly exposed.
文摘Cotton production in Xinjiang has boosted migrant farmers’ income and self-confidence When autumn settles in the rolling cotton fields in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the fluffy snowy flowers burst out of their shells,the cotton harvest season arrives.For farmers like Wu Caixia, a resident of Linze County in northwestern Gansu Province,it is time to embark on
文摘Pickering综合征表现为反复的肺水肿和肾功能损害,与肾动脉狭窄有关。本病例描述了一位82岁女性患者,有高血压和冠心病史,伴有肾血管狭窄,反复出现肺水肿。影像学显示肾血管狭窄从单侧发展到双侧。尽管接受药物治疗,患者仍反复肺水肿。肾血管介入治疗后,患者病情稳定,心脏和肾脏功能改善。此病例强调识别肾动脉狭窄的重要性,并显示及时诊断和治疗的益处。早期识别和治疗Pickering综合征可有效预防肺水肿和肾功能衰竭。Pickering syndrome is characterized by recurrent pulmonary edema and renal impairment associated with renal artery stenosis. This case describes an 82-year-old woman with a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease, renal vascular stenosis, and recurrent pulmonary edema. Imaging shows renal vascular stenosis progressing from unilateral to bilateral. Patients have recurrent pulmonary edema despite medication. After renal vascular intervention, the patient’s condition was stable and his heart and kidney function improved. This case highlights the importance of identifying renal artery stenosis and shows the benefits of prompt diagnosis and treatment. Early recognition and treatment of Pickering syndrome is effective in preventing pulmonary edema and renal failure.
