Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship b...Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.展开更多
Food breakdown during storage and transit greatly adds to worldwide food waste.Biodegradable edible coatings derived from natural sources provide a sustainable method to extend the shelf life and preserve the freshnes...Food breakdown during storage and transit greatly adds to worldwide food waste.Biodegradable edible coatings derived from natural sources provide a sustainable method to extend the shelf life and preserve the freshness of fresh fruit.This study explores the potential of the readily available and nutrient-rich seaweed,Caulerpa lentillifera,as a base material for edible coatings that can enhance the shelf life and maintain the physicochemical properties of fruits and vegetables.Caulerpa lentillifera,a marine macroalga renowned for its unique biochemical composition,presents a promising avenue for developing sustainable bio-coatings to improve the post-harvest quality of fresh produce.Biodegradable edible coatings derived from natural sources provide a sustainable method to extend the shelf life and preserve the freshness of fresh fruit.This study is aimed at exploring the potential of Caulerpa lentillifera,a nutrient-dense green seaweed,as a foundational material for creating edible coatings to enhance the post-harvest quality of fruits and vegetables.Various Caulerpa lentillifera-derived coating formulations were developed and applied to specific fruits and vegetables.The coated samples were maintained under controlled conditions and assessed for alterations in physicochemical parameters,including weight loss,hardness,colour,and microbial proliferation.The optimised coating formulation markedly diminished weight loss,postponed ripening,and maintained firmness and colour relative to uncoated controls.The coating demonstrated promising antibacterial properties,aiding in the extension of shelf life.Coatings derived from Caulerpa lentillifera offer a viable,environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic preservatives,facilitating the advancement of sustainable food preservation technology.展开更多
Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapi...Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapid,contactless,and environmentally benign operation,has emerged as a promising approach for precise liquid control.However,conventional magnetic strategies typically govern droplet movement on open surfaces,facing limitations such as restricted liquid volumes,uncertain flow paths,and inevitable evaporation,thereby constraining their broader practical applications.Recently,a variety of magneticdriven strategies have been developed to dynamically regulate liquids within enclosed spaces,especially through physicochemical mechanisms.These approaches provide efficient control over liquid behavior by leveraging magnetically induced chemical changes,structural deformations,and dragging motions,opening new opportunities for flexible and versatile fluid management.This review explores the design and mechanisms of magneto-responsive confined interfaces for the manipulation of nonmagnetic liquids,highlighting key advancements and potential applications including liquid valves,liquid mixing,liquid flow regulation,and liquid pumping.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects in this field are presented.展开更多
With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indi...With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace.[Methods]Soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace was extracted by di...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace.[Methods]Soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace was extracted by direct water extraction(W),lactic acid bacteria fermentation(F)and steam explosion(SE)respectively,and the extraction methods and physicochemical and functional characteristics were compared and analyzed.[Results]The solubility,water holding capacities,oil holding capacities and swelling capacities of W-SDF,F-SDF and SE-SDF were(2.13,3.95 and 5.13 g/g),(9.02,13.75 and 15.88 g/g),(2.13,4.08 and 5.11 g/g),and(10.82,14.03 and 15.77 ml/g),respectively.Their emulsifying activity,emulsifying stability and least gelation concentration were(30.28,47.95 and 58.72 ml/100 ml),(37.88,45.25 and 57.13 ml/100 ml),and(12.11,11.25 and 9.87%),respectively.The adsorption capacities of W-SDF,F-SDF and SE-SDF for heavy metals(Pb,As and Cu)in the intestinal environment(pH 7)were(162.7,183.5 and 197.3μmol/g),(132.8,156.7 and 168.9μmol/g),and(57.2,63.5 and 89.2μmol/g)respectively.In the gastric environment(pH 2),they were(72.8,110.5,138.9μmol/g),(82.1,112.5,135.7μmol/g),and(38.9,42.7,55.1μmol/g)respectively.[Conclusions]The study can provide a theoretical basis for functional modification and comprehensive utilization of dietary fiber from apple pomace.展开更多
A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the...A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the water in Lake Fitri in Chad. Standard microbiology methods were used. Isolated strains of enterobacteria were characterized by API 20E and API Staph galleries and confirmed by API Web. Antibiotic resistance was performed according to the recommendations of the antibiogram committee (CA-SFM, 2019). Physico-chemical analysis of the water was carried out by (Rodier, 2009). The microbiological results revealed an abundance on the Domoro islands (5.37.106 ± 1.5.105 and 1.97.105 ± 4.94.104), successively for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli) and on the Maguite Islands (4.71.106 ± 7.14.105 and 2.32.105 ± 2.86.104), alternately for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli). The results obtained after incubation of the biochemical tests using the API 20E and API Staph galleries and their proposed numerical profile analyzed using Api software and confirmed by Api Web confirmed the contamination of the waters of Lake Fitri by pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus and Salmonella spp. The results of the antibiogram carried out show the emergence of certain resistances to Tobramycin, Flucytosine and Teicoplanin. The average levels of BOD5, COD, SS, Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2) for Domoro Island were 32.14 ± 2.37 mg/L, 423.86 ± 4.78 mg/L, 65.42 ± 2.27 mg/L, 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 3.32 ± 1.48 mg/L respectively. The water from the islands of Lake Fitri must therefore be rigorously treated before consumption.展开更多
Background:A thorough examination of the physicochemical properties,higher-order structure,subcellular localization,and selective pressure of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COX1)protein of the endemic species Eoth...Background:A thorough examination of the physicochemical properties,higher-order structure,subcellular localization,and selective pressure of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COX1)protein of the endemic species Eothenomys miletus(E.miletus)in the Hengduan Mountains provides further insights into molecular characteristics and function of the COX1 gene in E.miletus.Method:The physicochemical properties and higher-order structure of the COX1 protein of E.miletus were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Subsequently,a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega 7.0 software based on the COX1 gene from 19 species of the Arvicolinae subfamily and 3 species of the Muridae.Selection pressure analysis was performed using the PAML 4.7 software and the Datamonkey online website.Results:The COX1 protein of E.miletus comprises/consists of 514 amino acids,with leucine(Leu/L)being the most prevalent amino acid(11.5%).This hydrophilic protein contains 42 phosphorylation sites and 4 N-glycosylation sites.It possesses a transmembrane domain and lacks signal peptide distribution,thus classifying it as a non-GPI-anchored protein.The secondary structure of the COX1 protein consists ofα-helices(36.77%),random coils(33.85%),and extended chains,a composition consistent with/findings that align with its tertiary structure.Significant genetic differentiation exists among species within the Arvicolinae subfamily,a finding consistent with morphological identification results.The COX1 gene in Arvicolinae species exhibits purifying selection.Conclusion:This study analyzed the physicochemical properties of the COX1 protein in E.miletus.Phylogenetic and selection pressure analyses reveal significant genetic divergence among Arvicolinae species,and demonstrate that the COX1 gene is evolutionarily conserved within the Arvicolinae subfamily.展开更多
High-throughput sequencing(HTS)and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS)were used to compare the microbiota structure and metabolic compounds of traditional suancai from Heilongjiang(HLJ),Shan...High-throughput sequencing(HTS)and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS)were used to compare the microbiota structure and metabolic compounds of traditional suancai from Heilongjiang(HLJ),Shanxi(SX)and Qinghai(QH)in China.Besides,the physicochemical properties such as total number of colonies,p H and total acid content were determined,and the related factors of the differences were analyzed.The salinity of the 3 samples was 1.9%,8.0%and 10.0%,respectively,and the dominant bacterial genera were Loigolactobacillus,Arcobacter,and Marinomonas.Meanwhile,Loigolactobacillus was significantly positively associated with p H and nitrite in HLJ,Arcobacter was inversely related to p H and nitrite,while Marinomonas was negatively correlated with all physicochemical properties in QH which had the highest salinity.In addition,the 5 main differential metabolites in the 3 samples were acetic acid,4-ethylphenol,2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate,2,4-tert-butylphenol,and 3-butenenitrile.Among them,the ketones and acids were positively correlated with the core bacteria in HLJ with the lowest salinity,and the main genera in SX were positively associated with various alcohols,while there was a positive correlation between Marinomonas and butyronitrile alcohol in QH with the highest salinity.This study provided a guidance for the differences and correlations of microorganisms,flavor compounds,and quality characteristics from a regional perspective by studying the various quality characteristics of the suancai.展开更多
Rational laboratory layout design and scientific management systems are key to improving overall laboratory efficiency and safety,providing a solid foundation and guarantee for the smooth progress of scientific resear...Rational laboratory layout design and scientific management systems are key to improving overall laboratory efficiency and safety,providing a solid foundation and guarantee for the smooth progress of scientific research.This article addresses a series of issues such as low testing efficiency caused by unreasonable laboratory layouts,incomplete or outdated equipment configurations affecting testing accuracy,and safety hazards arising from the lack of effective laboratory management systems.It conducts an in-depth exploration of the design and planning strategies for physicochemical laboratories.By proposing specific designs and guidelines for the location selection,functional zoning,and layout requirements of physicochemical laboratories,the aim is to optimize laboratory space utilization,enhance testing efficiency,and ensure the advancement of equipment configurations and the accuracy of testing precision.Simultaneously,it emphasizes the establishment of an effective laboratory management system to prevent and control safety hazards,safeguarding the lives of laboratory personnel and ensuring stable laboratory operations.展开更多
Edible mushroom proteins are the promising ones with the advantages of complete essential amino acid profile and multiple functional activities.To reinforce their applications in functional food development,this study...Edible mushroom proteins are the promising ones with the advantages of complete essential amino acid profile and multiple functional activities.To reinforce their applications in functional food development,this study comprehensively evaluated the physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolates from 5 mushroom species,i.e.,Pleurotus eryngii(PEP),Pleurotus ostreatus(POP),Lentinula edodes(LEP),Flammulina velutipes(FVP)and Hypsizygus marmoreus(HMP).Results showed that PEP,LEP,FVP,POP and HMP exhibited better protein solubility(PS),water holding capacity(WHC),emulsification activity index(EAI),and foaming capacity(FC)than those of soybean protein and pea protein isolates(PPI).PEP(51.95%)and POP(49.15%)had a higher amount ofβ-sheet structure.Principal component analysis and correlation analysis showed that the seven proteins could be divided into 3 clusters,and WHC,EAI and FC were significantly positively correlated with PS andβ-sheet.The least gelation concentration of PEP(16%)and FVP(16%)at p H 6.0 and 7.0 was similar to PPI,and PEP showed better hardness,springiness and rheological properties than other proteins gels.Overall,our study showed that 5 edible mushroom proteins possessed excellent functionalities(except for gelling capacity),which provided novel insights on unexploited sources of mushroom proteins used as protein-based foods in the food industry.展开更多
Pelargonium zonale is an important ornamental and medicinal plant.The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of conventional and unconventional fertilization on variations in the physicochemical par...Pelargonium zonale is an important ornamental and medicinal plant.The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of conventional and unconventional fertilization on variations in the physicochemical parameters of the culture substrate(temperature,pH,and electrical conductivity)in two cultivars of Pelargonium zonale(L.)L’Hér.,grown in pots.This study was conducted under greenhouse conditions,using Pindstrup peat as the culture substrate.The analysis focused on how these physicochemical indicators of peat influenced plant height and development under fertilization conditions.Results revealed that in the‘Tango Salmon’cultivar,both fertilization regimes significantly modified substrate temperature and electrical conductivity(conventional fertilization leading to the highest electric conductivity values of 0.77 mS/cm)while in control,was observed the highest substrate temperature(21.24℃).In contrast,pH remained relatively stable across treatments.In the‘Tango Dark Red’cultivar,no significant differences were observed between substrate physicochemical parameters regardless of treatment.The multiple correlations coefficients values showed that substrate parameters influenced plant height with varying degrees of intensity depending on cultivar and fertilization scheme,reaching up the highest predictability of 60.6%in the‘Tango Dark Red’control variant.The study highlighted that physicochemical properties of the substrate(particularly electric conductivity and temperature)are for were the main contributors to optimal plant development and should be carefully managed within fertilization strategies.展开更多
Marine biofouling is the undesired attachment and formation of marine organisms on surfaces,which adversely affects ship maintenance,economic costs,and ecosystem health.Despite remarkable advancements in antifouling c...Marine biofouling is the undesired attachment and formation of marine organisms on surfaces,which adversely affects ship maintenance,economic costs,and ecosystem health.Despite remarkable advancements in antifouling coatings,developing formulations that simultaneously achieve environmental benign and high antifouling performances remains a critical challenge.Herein,drawing inspiration from the natural antifouling mechanisms including the superhydrophobicity of lotus leaves and biochemical defense of coral mucus,we developed a Superhydrophobic Antifouling Coating(SHAC)incorporating coral mucus-derived agents.This biomimetic design synergistically integrates physical anti-adhesion of superhydrophobic surfaces with chemical repellency of antifouling agents,yielding outstanding antifouling performance.The SHAC demonstrates remarkable durability(withstanding 100 abrasion cycles),sustained superhydrophobicity(contact angle>150°),and outstanding antifouling efficacy(92%bacterial and 96%algal inhibition).Marine field tests demonstrate significant reduction in fouling organism attachment over 30 days.Our work presents an eco-friendly and high-performance solution to marine biofouling,bridging the gap between sustainability and effectiveness in antifouling technology.展开更多
MXene,with metallic conductivity,strong hydrophilicity,and rich chemistries,has been widely used as electrode material for energy storage.However,the notorious issues of aggregation and oxidation for MXene significant...MXene,with metallic conductivity,strong hydrophilicity,and rich chemistries,has been widely used as electrode material for energy storage.However,the notorious issues of aggregation and oxidation for MXene significantly inhibit its electrochemical performance and further wide application.Herein,a physicochemical double protection strategy is proposed to stabilize MXene in the hydrothermal process effectively.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),with the structure of a long chain and abundant O/N function groups,provides physical protection against agglomeration(steric effect)and chemical protection against oxidation(electron transfer)at the same time,contributing to the synthesis of MXene-based hybrids with high conductivity and fully exposed active sites.As proof of the concept,2D MXene/Co_(9)S_(8) nanohybrids with a scaly surface are fabricated and present impressive performance,especially rate performance for hybrid supercapacitor(HSC)with MoS_(2) as the counter electrode.The HSC demonstrates a high energy density of 111 Wh kg^(-1) at 845 W kg^(-1) and an excellent rate performance of 61 Wh kg^(-1) at 16.9 kW kg^(-1).展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the poor water-holding capacity(WHC)and high syneresis rate of fermented soy milk by optimizing fermentation process conditions.[Methods]Based on the results of single f...[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the poor water-holding capacity(WHC)and high syneresis rate of fermented soy milk by optimizing fermentation process conditions.[Methods]Based on the results of single factor experiments,response surface methodology was employed to optimize the fermentation temperature,fermentation time,and starter culture addition for enhancing WHC.The physicochemical properties of fermented soybean milk were analyzed.[Results]The optimal process parameters were determined as follows:fermentation temperature 36℃,fermentation time 8 h,and starter culture addition 5%.Under these conditions,WHC reached(77.18±0.08)%,which was consistent with the theoretical prediction value of(76.75±0.15)%.During fermentation,the pH decreased from(6.6±0.11)to(4.65±0.09),while acidity increased from(16.5±0.04)°T to(81.5±0.08)°T.The viable cell count rose from 1×10^(7)to 29×10^(7)cfu/ml,and WHC was improved significantly from(10.50±0.18)%to(77.40±0.13)%.[Conclusions]This study optimized the fermentation process parameters and revealed physicochemical characteristic changes during soybean milk fermentation,providing a theoretical foundation for industrial production.展开更多
In order to investigate the effect of solid particles dopants on physicochemical properties of α-PbO2 electrodes, a-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 particles were respectively prepared on...In order to investigate the effect of solid particles dopants on physicochemical properties of α-PbO2 electrodes, a-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 particles were respectively prepared on A1/conductive coating electrodes in 4 mol/L NaOH solution with addition of PbO until saturation by anodic codeposition. The electrodeposition mechanism, morphology, composition and structure of the composite electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltarnmogram （CV）, SEM, EDAX and XRD. Results show that the doping solid particles can not change reaction mechanism of α-PbO2 electrode in alkaline or acid plating bath, but can improve deposition rate and reduce oxygen evolution potential. The doping solid particles can inhibit the growth of a-PbO2 unit cell and improve specific surface area. The diffraction peak intensity of a-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2 composite electrode is lower than that of pure a-PbO2 electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of a-PbO2-2.12%CEO2-3.71%TIO2 composite electrode is the best. The Guglielmi model for CeO2 and TiO2 codeposition with a-PbO2 is also pronosed.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the artificial vegetations on soil physicochemical properties of sandy land. [Method] The soil physicochemical proper- ties in five representative lands respectively covered...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the artificial vegetations on soil physicochemical properties of sandy land. [Method] The soil physicochemical proper- ties in five representative lands respectively covered by Artemisia ordosica, Salix cheilophila, Hedysarum scoparium, Populus simonii and Amorpha fruticosa, all of which were planted artificially at the same year were measured in the present study, using a bare soil as the control. [Result] Artificial vegetation improved the soil physicochemical properties by different extents in the lands covered by different plants. The soil physicochemical properties such as bulk density under A. Fruticosa and H. Scoparium were improved greatly. The frequency distribution of soil particle size under artificial vegetations exhibited a bimodal curve. The average soil particle size under A. fruticosa was the smallest, and the soil was very poorly sorted. The soil nutrients in the sandy land were not significantly improved by artificial vegeta- tion. [Conclusion] Artificial vegetation has a certain impact on soil properties in sandy land, as it greatly improves the soil physical properties but not the chemical properties.展开更多
[Objective]The research aimed to test and identify the physicochemical characters and antiviral activity in vitro of semi-finished product of the recombinant porcine rPoIFN-α. [Method]HEp-2/VSV system was used to tes...[Objective]The research aimed to test and identify the physicochemical characters and antiviral activity in vitro of semi-finished product of the recombinant porcine rPoIFN-α. [Method]HEp-2/VSV system was used to test the antiviral activity of three batches of rPoIFN-α. Using recombinant human IFN-α as reference,the titer of interferon was measured. The semi-finished product of rPoIFN-α with the known titer were treated with 0.25% trypsin,HCl and mouse anti-porcine IFN-α monoclonal antibody. And the anti-viral activity of each batch of rPoIFN-α was detected. The physicochemical characters of rPoIFN-α were evaluated. The inhibition of induced cytopathic effect of rPoIFN-α on PPV （Porcine parvovirus） and PRV （Porcine pseudorabies） on swine kidney cell （PK-15） was determined. And the antiviral activity of rPoIFN-α in vitro was observed. [Result]The titers of semi-finished products of rPoIFN-α titrated by HEp-2/VSV system could reach 1.5×105 IU/ml,with the specific activity of 1.1×106 IU/mg. The residual rate of the tier of rPoIFN-α treated by 0.25% trypsin at 37 ℃ for 1 h was less than 1%. And that treated with HCl （pH of 2.0） for 72 h was up to 95%. And that treated at 56 ℃ for 30 min and that treated by mouse anti-porcine IFN-α monoclonal antibody at 37 ℃ for 1 h were higher than 47% and about 1% respectively. The antiviral test in vitro showed that 50 and 500 IU/ml rPoIFN-α could inhibit the induced cytopathic effect of PRV and PPV on PK-15 cell lines. [Conclusion]rPoIFN-α had the basic physicochemical characters of IFN-α. And it could inhibit the induced cytopathic effect of PRV and PPV on PK-15 cell lines,but there was dosage difference.展开更多
[Objective] Effects of different contents of calcium oxide on physicochemi- cal properties of spray-dried bayberry powder were studied. [Method] Bayberry pow- der produced from bayberry juice adding 0, 2 and 4 g/L cal...[Objective] Effects of different contents of calcium oxide on physicochemi- cal properties of spray-dried bayberry powder were studied. [Method] Bayberry pow- der produced from bayberry juice adding 0, 2 and 4 g/L calcium oxide using the spray drying technique has been selected. The physicochemical properties of the spray-dried bayberry powder were investigated by determining moisture content, colour, apparent density, wettability, angle of repose and moisture absorption rate of bayberry powder. [Result] The results showed that the content of calcium oxide had a significant effect on the moisture content and colour of bayberry powder. Effects of different contents of calcium oxide on the apparent density of spray-dried bayber- ry powder were not obvious. Adding calcium oxide had a significant effect on the wettability, angle of repose and moisture absorption rate of spray-dried bayberry powder, nevertheless, there was not obvious difference on these properties between adding 2 and 4 g/L calcium oxide. [Conclusion] The results confirmed that the con- tent of calcium oxide had a significant effect on the properties of spray-dried bay- berry powder.展开更多
Polysaccharides were isolated from Semen Euryales by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and deproteinization. A refined polysaccharide, named EPJ, was separated into nine fractions by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatogr...Polysaccharides were isolated from Semen Euryales by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and deproteinization. A refined polysaccharide, named EPJ, was separated into nine fractions by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography and one of them was separated into two fractions by Sephadex G-100 column. The molecular weight of EPJ was determined to 15 367 Da and the monosaccharide composition was mainly glucose and rhamnose with the molar ratio of 5.46：1. The FT-IR spectra showed carbohydrate-related absorbance of polysaccharide functional groups. In vitro assay showed EPJ could significantly scavenge DPPH radical, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and exhibited a strong reducing power. In vivo assay indicated that EPJ was effective in a D-galactose induced aging mice model. Results showed EPJ significantly inhibited formation of MDA and increased the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px in a dose-dependent manner in mice tissues. The findings obtained from this study indicated that polysaccharides from Semen Euryales could be explored for a wide prospect of benefit.展开更多
For the thorough research on coal metamorphism impact on gas adsorption capacity, this paper collected and summarized parameters of experimental adsorption isotherms, coal maceral, proximate analysis and ultimate anal...For the thorough research on coal metamorphism impact on gas adsorption capacity, this paper collected and summarized parameters of experimental adsorption isotherms, coal maceral, proximate analysis and ultimate analysis obtained from National Engineering Research Center of Coal Gas Control and related literatures at home and abroad, systematically discussed the coal rank effect on its physicochemical properties and methane adsorption capacity, in which the coal rank was shown in Vitrinite reflectance, furthermore, obtained the Semi-quantitative relationship between physicochemical properties of coal and methane adsorption capacity.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2021YFD1300201)Jilin Provincial Department of Science and Technology Innovation Platform and Talent Special Project(No.20230508090RC).
文摘Background There is a growing focus on using various plant-derived agricultural by-products to increase the benefits of pig farming,but these feedstuffs are fibrous in nature.This study investigated the relationship between dietary fiber physicochemical properties and feedstuff fermentation characteristics and their effects on nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and gut microbiota in growing pigs.Methods Thirty-six growing barrows(47.2±1.5 kg)were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 2 apparent viscosity levels and 3β-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios.In the experiment,nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,fecal microbial community,and production and absorption of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)of pigs were investigated.In vitro digestion and fermentation models were used to compare the fermentation characteristics of feedstuffs and ileal digesta in the pig’s hindgut.Results The production dynamics of SCFA and dry matter corrected gas production of different feedstuffs during in vitro fermentation were different and closely related to the physical properties and chemical structure of the fiber.In animal experiments,increasing the dietary apparent viscosity and theβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased the apparent ileal digestibility(AID),apparent total tract digestibility(ATTD),and hindgut digestibility of fiber components while decreasing the AID and ATTD of dry matter and organic matter(P<0.05).In addition,increasing dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased gas exchange,heat production,and protein oxidation,and decreased energy deposition(P<0.05).The dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucanto-arabinoxylan ratios had linear interaction effects on the digestible energy,metabolizable energy,retained energy(RE),and net energy(NE)of the diets(P<0.05).At the same time,the increase of dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios both increased SCFA production and absorption(P<0.05).Increasing the dietary apparent viscosity andβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria(P<0.05)and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria.Furthermore,increasing the dietaryβ-glucan-to-arabinoxylan ratios led to a linear increase in SCFA production during the in vitro fermentation of ileal digesta(P<0.001).Finally,the prediction equations for RE and NE were established.Conclusion Dietary fiber physicochemical properties alter dietary fermentation patterns and regulate nutrient utilization,energy metabolism,and pig gut microbiota composition and metabolites.
文摘Food breakdown during storage and transit greatly adds to worldwide food waste.Biodegradable edible coatings derived from natural sources provide a sustainable method to extend the shelf life and preserve the freshness of fresh fruit.This study explores the potential of the readily available and nutrient-rich seaweed,Caulerpa lentillifera,as a base material for edible coatings that can enhance the shelf life and maintain the physicochemical properties of fruits and vegetables.Caulerpa lentillifera,a marine macroalga renowned for its unique biochemical composition,presents a promising avenue for developing sustainable bio-coatings to improve the post-harvest quality of fresh produce.Biodegradable edible coatings derived from natural sources provide a sustainable method to extend the shelf life and preserve the freshness of fresh fruit.This study is aimed at exploring the potential of Caulerpa lentillifera,a nutrient-dense green seaweed,as a foundational material for creating edible coatings to enhance the post-harvest quality of fruits and vegetables.Various Caulerpa lentillifera-derived coating formulations were developed and applied to specific fruits and vegetables.The coated samples were maintained under controlled conditions and assessed for alterations in physicochemical parameters,including weight loss,hardness,colour,and microbial proliferation.The optimised coating formulation markedly diminished weight loss,postponed ripening,and maintained firmness and colour relative to uncoated controls.The coating demonstrated promising antibacterial properties,aiding in the extension of shelf life.Coatings derived from Caulerpa lentillifera offer a viable,environmentally sustainable alternative to synthetic preservatives,facilitating the advancement of sustainable food preservation technology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52025132,U24A20205,52303373,21621091,22021001,and 22121001)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M763174)+2 种基金the 111 Project(Nos.B17027,B16029)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2022J02059)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the Xplorer Prize。
文摘Controllable liquid manipulation is of paramount scientific and technological importance in various fields,such as the chemical industry,biomedicine,and agricultural production.Magnetic actuation,characterized by rapid,contactless,and environmentally benign operation,has emerged as a promising approach for precise liquid control.However,conventional magnetic strategies typically govern droplet movement on open surfaces,facing limitations such as restricted liquid volumes,uncertain flow paths,and inevitable evaporation,thereby constraining their broader practical applications.Recently,a variety of magneticdriven strategies have been developed to dynamically regulate liquids within enclosed spaces,especially through physicochemical mechanisms.These approaches provide efficient control over liquid behavior by leveraging magnetically induced chemical changes,structural deformations,and dragging motions,opening new opportunities for flexible and versatile fluid management.This review explores the design and mechanisms of magneto-responsive confined interfaces for the manipulation of nonmagnetic liquids,highlighting key advancements and potential applications including liquid valves,liquid mixing,liquid flow regulation,and liquid pumping.Finally,the existing challenges and future prospects in this field are presented.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3701000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42130606 and 41931287)+1 种基金the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS-CXXM-202011)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y2021013).
文摘With the rapid development of the world economy,complex air pollution has increasingly become a serious threat;for example,with haze events occurring frequently in various regions of the globe.Recent evidence has indicated that secondary aerosols play an important role in haze formation,and that heterogeneous processes are among the main forces driving their explosive growth.In this regard,this paper reviews recent advances in the understanding of the impact of heterogeneous processes on haze chemistry,including the impact on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the hygroscopicity and optical properties of atmospheric aerosols.It is distinguished from past reviews on this topic by focusing mainly on new insights from the past five years.We summarize the main findings of the impacts of heterogeneous processes on NO_(2)chemistry,marine aerosols,and the physicochemical properties of atmospheric aerosols,and propose several future research directions.
基金Supported by High-end Talent Project of Hebei ProvinceTangshan Talent Funding Project(B202302006).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical and functional properties of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace.[Methods]Soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from apple pomace was extracted by direct water extraction(W),lactic acid bacteria fermentation(F)and steam explosion(SE)respectively,and the extraction methods and physicochemical and functional characteristics were compared and analyzed.[Results]The solubility,water holding capacities,oil holding capacities and swelling capacities of W-SDF,F-SDF and SE-SDF were(2.13,3.95 and 5.13 g/g),(9.02,13.75 and 15.88 g/g),(2.13,4.08 and 5.11 g/g),and(10.82,14.03 and 15.77 ml/g),respectively.Their emulsifying activity,emulsifying stability and least gelation concentration were(30.28,47.95 and 58.72 ml/100 ml),(37.88,45.25 and 57.13 ml/100 ml),and(12.11,11.25 and 9.87%),respectively.The adsorption capacities of W-SDF,F-SDF and SE-SDF for heavy metals(Pb,As and Cu)in the intestinal environment(pH 7)were(162.7,183.5 and 197.3μmol/g),(132.8,156.7 and 168.9μmol/g),and(57.2,63.5 and 89.2μmol/g)respectively.In the gastric environment(pH 2),they were(72.8,110.5,138.9μmol/g),(82.1,112.5,135.7μmol/g),and(38.9,42.7,55.1μmol/g)respectively.[Conclusions]The study can provide a theoretical basis for functional modification and comprehensive utilization of dietary fiber from apple pomace.
文摘A total of fifty (50) samples of water from Lake Fitri (Chad), with 25 samples per island (Domoro and Maguite). The aim of this study was to analyze the bacteriological, biochemical and physico-chemical quality of the water in Lake Fitri in Chad. Standard microbiology methods were used. Isolated strains of enterobacteria were characterized by API 20E and API Staph galleries and confirmed by API Web. Antibiotic resistance was performed according to the recommendations of the antibiogram committee (CA-SFM, 2019). Physico-chemical analysis of the water was carried out by (Rodier, 2009). The microbiological results revealed an abundance on the Domoro islands (5.37.106 ± 1.5.105 and 1.97.105 ± 4.94.104), successively for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli) and on the Maguite Islands (4.71.106 ± 7.14.105 and 2.32.105 ± 2.86.104), alternately for total aerobic mesophilic flora (FMAT), and thermotolerant coliform (E. coli). The results obtained after incubation of the biochemical tests using the API 20E and API Staph galleries and their proposed numerical profile analyzed using Api software and confirmed by Api Web confirmed the contamination of the waters of Lake Fitri by pathogenic strains of E. coli, Staphylococcus and Salmonella spp. The results of the antibiogram carried out show the emergence of certain resistances to Tobramycin, Flucytosine and Teicoplanin. The average levels of BOD5, COD, SS, Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2) for Domoro Island were 32.14 ± 2.37 mg/L, 423.86 ± 4.78 mg/L, 65.42 ± 2.27 mg/L, 0.04 ± 0.01 mg/L and 3.32 ± 1.48 mg/L respectively. The water from the islands of Lake Fitri must therefore be rigorously treated before consumption.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32160254)Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(202401AS070039).
文摘Background:A thorough examination of the physicochemical properties,higher-order structure,subcellular localization,and selective pressure of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COX1)protein of the endemic species Eothenomys miletus(E.miletus)in the Hengduan Mountains provides further insights into molecular characteristics and function of the COX1 gene in E.miletus.Method:The physicochemical properties and higher-order structure of the COX1 protein of E.miletus were analyzed using bioinformatics software.Subsequently,a phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega 7.0 software based on the COX1 gene from 19 species of the Arvicolinae subfamily and 3 species of the Muridae.Selection pressure analysis was performed using the PAML 4.7 software and the Datamonkey online website.Results:The COX1 protein of E.miletus comprises/consists of 514 amino acids,with leucine(Leu/L)being the most prevalent amino acid(11.5%).This hydrophilic protein contains 42 phosphorylation sites and 4 N-glycosylation sites.It possesses a transmembrane domain and lacks signal peptide distribution,thus classifying it as a non-GPI-anchored protein.The secondary structure of the COX1 protein consists ofα-helices(36.77%),random coils(33.85%),and extended chains,a composition consistent with/findings that align with its tertiary structure.Significant genetic differentiation exists among species within the Arvicolinae subfamily,a finding consistent with morphological identification results.The COX1 gene in Arvicolinae species exhibits purifying selection.Conclusion:This study analyzed the physicochemical properties of the COX1 protein in E.miletus.Phylogenetic and selection pressure analyses reveal significant genetic divergence among Arvicolinae species,and demonstrate that the COX1 gene is evolutionarily conserved within the Arvicolinae subfamily.
基金supported by the Key R&D Project of Ningbo City(2022Z176)the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources,Jiangnan University(SKLF-KF-202306)。
文摘High-throughput sequencing(HTS)and gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry(GC-TOF-MS)were used to compare the microbiota structure and metabolic compounds of traditional suancai from Heilongjiang(HLJ),Shanxi(SX)and Qinghai(QH)in China.Besides,the physicochemical properties such as total number of colonies,p H and total acid content were determined,and the related factors of the differences were analyzed.The salinity of the 3 samples was 1.9%,8.0%and 10.0%,respectively,and the dominant bacterial genera were Loigolactobacillus,Arcobacter,and Marinomonas.Meanwhile,Loigolactobacillus was significantly positively associated with p H and nitrite in HLJ,Arcobacter was inversely related to p H and nitrite,while Marinomonas was negatively correlated with all physicochemical properties in QH which had the highest salinity.In addition,the 5 main differential metabolites in the 3 samples were acetic acid,4-ethylphenol,2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate,2,4-tert-butylphenol,and 3-butenenitrile.Among them,the ketones and acids were positively correlated with the core bacteria in HLJ with the lowest salinity,and the main genera in SX were positively associated with various alcohols,while there was a positive correlation between Marinomonas and butyronitrile alcohol in QH with the highest salinity.This study provided a guidance for the differences and correlations of microorganisms,flavor compounds,and quality characteristics from a regional perspective by studying the various quality characteristics of the suancai.
文摘Rational laboratory layout design and scientific management systems are key to improving overall laboratory efficiency and safety,providing a solid foundation and guarantee for the smooth progress of scientific research.This article addresses a series of issues such as low testing efficiency caused by unreasonable laboratory layouts,incomplete or outdated equipment configurations affecting testing accuracy,and safety hazards arising from the lack of effective laboratory management systems.It conducts an in-depth exploration of the design and planning strategies for physicochemical laboratories.By proposing specific designs and guidelines for the location selection,functional zoning,and layout requirements of physicochemical laboratories,the aim is to optimize laboratory space utilization,enhance testing efficiency,and ensure the advancement of equipment configurations and the accuracy of testing precision.Simultaneously,it emphasizes the establishment of an effective laboratory management system to prevent and control safety hazards,safeguarding the lives of laboratory personnel and ensuring stable laboratory operations.
基金supported by the special fund of Jiangsu Province for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements(BA2021062)Jiangsu agricultural science and technology independent innovation fund(CX(22)2007)。
文摘Edible mushroom proteins are the promising ones with the advantages of complete essential amino acid profile and multiple functional activities.To reinforce their applications in functional food development,this study comprehensively evaluated the physicochemical and functional properties of protein isolates from 5 mushroom species,i.e.,Pleurotus eryngii(PEP),Pleurotus ostreatus(POP),Lentinula edodes(LEP),Flammulina velutipes(FVP)and Hypsizygus marmoreus(HMP).Results showed that PEP,LEP,FVP,POP and HMP exhibited better protein solubility(PS),water holding capacity(WHC),emulsification activity index(EAI),and foaming capacity(FC)than those of soybean protein and pea protein isolates(PPI).PEP(51.95%)and POP(49.15%)had a higher amount ofβ-sheet structure.Principal component analysis and correlation analysis showed that the seven proteins could be divided into 3 clusters,and WHC,EAI and FC were significantly positively correlated with PS andβ-sheet.The least gelation concentration of PEP(16%)and FVP(16%)at p H 6.0 and 7.0 was similar to PPI,and PEP showed better hardness,springiness and rheological properties than other proteins gels.Overall,our study showed that 5 edible mushroom proteins possessed excellent functionalities(except for gelling capacity),which provided novel insights on unexploited sources of mushroom proteins used as protein-based foods in the food industry.
文摘Pelargonium zonale is an important ornamental and medicinal plant.The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of conventional and unconventional fertilization on variations in the physicochemical parameters of the culture substrate(temperature,pH,and electrical conductivity)in two cultivars of Pelargonium zonale(L.)L’Hér.,grown in pots.This study was conducted under greenhouse conditions,using Pindstrup peat as the culture substrate.The analysis focused on how these physicochemical indicators of peat influenced plant height and development under fertilization conditions.Results revealed that in the‘Tango Salmon’cultivar,both fertilization regimes significantly modified substrate temperature and electrical conductivity(conventional fertilization leading to the highest electric conductivity values of 0.77 mS/cm)while in control,was observed the highest substrate temperature(21.24℃).In contrast,pH remained relatively stable across treatments.In the‘Tango Dark Red’cultivar,no significant differences were observed between substrate physicochemical parameters regardless of treatment.The multiple correlations coefficients values showed that substrate parameters influenced plant height with varying degrees of intensity depending on cultivar and fertilization scheme,reaching up the highest predictability of 60.6%in the‘Tango Dark Red’control variant.The study highlighted that physicochemical properties of the substrate(particularly electric conductivity and temperature)are for were the main contributors to optimal plant development and should be carefully managed within fertilization strategies.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4602401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52475294,52075071)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing(ZY202404)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DUT24YG133).
文摘Marine biofouling is the undesired attachment and formation of marine organisms on surfaces,which adversely affects ship maintenance,economic costs,and ecosystem health.Despite remarkable advancements in antifouling coatings,developing formulations that simultaneously achieve environmental benign and high antifouling performances remains a critical challenge.Herein,drawing inspiration from the natural antifouling mechanisms including the superhydrophobicity of lotus leaves and biochemical defense of coral mucus,we developed a Superhydrophobic Antifouling Coating(SHAC)incorporating coral mucus-derived agents.This biomimetic design synergistically integrates physical anti-adhesion of superhydrophobic surfaces with chemical repellency of antifouling agents,yielding outstanding antifouling performance.The SHAC demonstrates remarkable durability(withstanding 100 abrasion cycles),sustained superhydrophobicity(contact angle>150°),and outstanding antifouling efficacy(92%bacterial and 96%algal inhibition).Marine field tests demonstrate significant reduction in fouling organism attachment over 30 days.Our work presents an eco-friendly and high-performance solution to marine biofouling,bridging the gap between sustainability and effectiveness in antifouling technology.
基金financially supported by the Beijing Natural Science Founding(No.2202050)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21111120074).
文摘MXene,with metallic conductivity,strong hydrophilicity,and rich chemistries,has been widely used as electrode material for energy storage.However,the notorious issues of aggregation and oxidation for MXene significantly inhibit its electrochemical performance and further wide application.Herein,a physicochemical double protection strategy is proposed to stabilize MXene in the hydrothermal process effectively.Polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),with the structure of a long chain and abundant O/N function groups,provides physical protection against agglomeration(steric effect)and chemical protection against oxidation(electron transfer)at the same time,contributing to the synthesis of MXene-based hybrids with high conductivity and fully exposed active sites.As proof of the concept,2D MXene/Co_(9)S_(8) nanohybrids with a scaly surface are fabricated and present impressive performance,especially rate performance for hybrid supercapacitor(HSC)with MoS_(2) as the counter electrode.The HSC demonstrates a high energy density of 111 Wh kg^(-1) at 845 W kg^(-1) and an excellent rate performance of 61 Wh kg^(-1) at 16.9 kW kg^(-1).
基金Supported by Postgraduate Research Innovation Project of Shaoyang University(CX2023SY026)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ50232)Horizontal Scientific Research Project of Shaoyang University(2023HX43).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to improve the poor water-holding capacity(WHC)and high syneresis rate of fermented soy milk by optimizing fermentation process conditions.[Methods]Based on the results of single factor experiments,response surface methodology was employed to optimize the fermentation temperature,fermentation time,and starter culture addition for enhancing WHC.The physicochemical properties of fermented soybean milk were analyzed.[Results]The optimal process parameters were determined as follows:fermentation temperature 36℃,fermentation time 8 h,and starter culture addition 5%.Under these conditions,WHC reached(77.18±0.08)%,which was consistent with the theoretical prediction value of(76.75±0.15)%.During fermentation,the pH decreased from(6.6±0.11)to(4.65±0.09),while acidity increased from(16.5±0.04)°T to(81.5±0.08)°T.The viable cell count rose from 1×10^(7)to 29×10^(7)cfu/ml,and WHC was improved significantly from(10.50±0.18)%to(77.40±0.13)%.[Conclusions]This study optimized the fermentation process parameters and revealed physicochemical characteristic changes during soybean milk fermentation,providing a theoretical foundation for industrial production.
基金Project(51004056) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(KKZ6201152009) supported by the Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials,Chinese Academy of Sciences+2 种基金Project(2010ZC052) supported by the Applied Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(20125314110011) supported by the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher EducationProject(2010247) supported by Analysis & Testing Foundation of Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘In order to investigate the effect of solid particles dopants on physicochemical properties of α-PbO2 electrodes, a-PbO2 composite electrodes doped with nano-TiO2 and nano-CeO2 particles were respectively prepared on A1/conductive coating electrodes in 4 mol/L NaOH solution with addition of PbO until saturation by anodic codeposition. The electrodeposition mechanism, morphology, composition and structure of the composite electrodes were characterized by cyclic voltarnmogram （CV）, SEM, EDAX and XRD. Results show that the doping solid particles can not change reaction mechanism of α-PbO2 electrode in alkaline or acid plating bath, but can improve deposition rate and reduce oxygen evolution potential. The doping solid particles can inhibit the growth of a-PbO2 unit cell and improve specific surface area. The diffraction peak intensity of a-PbO2-CeO2-TiO2 composite electrode is lower than that of pure a-PbO2 electrode. The electrocatalytic activity of a-PbO2-2.12%CEO2-3.71%TIO2 composite electrode is the best. The Guglielmi model for CeO2 and TiO2 codeposition with a-PbO2 is also pronosed.
基金Supported by National Key Technology Research and Development Program during the 12th Five-year Plan Period(2012BAD16B0202)Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Interest(201004018)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the artificial vegetations on soil physicochemical properties of sandy land. [Method] The soil physicochemical proper- ties in five representative lands respectively covered by Artemisia ordosica, Salix cheilophila, Hedysarum scoparium, Populus simonii and Amorpha fruticosa, all of which were planted artificially at the same year were measured in the present study, using a bare soil as the control. [Result] Artificial vegetation improved the soil physicochemical properties by different extents in the lands covered by different plants. The soil physicochemical properties such as bulk density under A. Fruticosa and H. Scoparium were improved greatly. The frequency distribution of soil particle size under artificial vegetations exhibited a bimodal curve. The average soil particle size under A. fruticosa was the smallest, and the soil was very poorly sorted. The soil nutrients in the sandy land were not significantly improved by artificial vegeta- tion. [Conclusion] Artificial vegetation has a certain impact on soil properties in sandy land, as it greatly improves the soil physical properties but not the chemical properties.
基金Supported by Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Educational Committee (2004kj218 )Major Special Program of Science and Technology Grand Plan of Anhui Province (08010302179)~~
文摘[Objective]The research aimed to test and identify the physicochemical characters and antiviral activity in vitro of semi-finished product of the recombinant porcine rPoIFN-α. [Method]HEp-2/VSV system was used to test the antiviral activity of three batches of rPoIFN-α. Using recombinant human IFN-α as reference,the titer of interferon was measured. The semi-finished product of rPoIFN-α with the known titer were treated with 0.25% trypsin,HCl and mouse anti-porcine IFN-α monoclonal antibody. And the anti-viral activity of each batch of rPoIFN-α was detected. The physicochemical characters of rPoIFN-α were evaluated. The inhibition of induced cytopathic effect of rPoIFN-α on PPV （Porcine parvovirus） and PRV （Porcine pseudorabies） on swine kidney cell （PK-15） was determined. And the antiviral activity of rPoIFN-α in vitro was observed. [Result]The titers of semi-finished products of rPoIFN-α titrated by HEp-2/VSV system could reach 1.5×105 IU/ml,with the specific activity of 1.1×106 IU/mg. The residual rate of the tier of rPoIFN-α treated by 0.25% trypsin at 37 ℃ for 1 h was less than 1%. And that treated with HCl （pH of 2.0） for 72 h was up to 95%. And that treated at 56 ℃ for 30 min and that treated by mouse anti-porcine IFN-α monoclonal antibody at 37 ℃ for 1 h were higher than 47% and about 1% respectively. The antiviral test in vitro showed that 50 and 500 IU/ml rPoIFN-α could inhibit the induced cytopathic effect of PRV and PPV on PK-15 cell lines. [Conclusion]rPoIFN-α had the basic physicochemical characters of IFN-α. And it could inhibit the induced cytopathic effect of PRV and PPV on PK-15 cell lines,but there was dosage difference.
基金Supported by the Project of Natural Science Fund of Zhejiang Province(Y3110376)~~
文摘[Objective] Effects of different contents of calcium oxide on physicochemi- cal properties of spray-dried bayberry powder were studied. [Method] Bayberry pow- der produced from bayberry juice adding 0, 2 and 4 g/L calcium oxide using the spray drying technique has been selected. The physicochemical properties of the spray-dried bayberry powder were investigated by determining moisture content, colour, apparent density, wettability, angle of repose and moisture absorption rate of bayberry powder. [Result] The results showed that the content of calcium oxide had a significant effect on the moisture content and colour of bayberry powder. Effects of different contents of calcium oxide on the apparent density of spray-dried bayber- ry powder were not obvious. Adding calcium oxide had a significant effect on the wettability, angle of repose and moisture absorption rate of spray-dried bayberry powder, nevertheless, there was not obvious difference on these properties between adding 2 and 4 g/L calcium oxide. [Conclusion] The results confirmed that the con- tent of calcium oxide had a significant effect on the properties of spray-dried bay- berry powder.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China during the"12th Five-Year Plan"(Grant No.2011BAI04B06)
文摘Polysaccharides were isolated from Semen Euryales by water extraction, alcohol precipitation and deproteinization. A refined polysaccharide, named EPJ, was separated into nine fractions by DEAE-52 cellulose chromatography and one of them was separated into two fractions by Sephadex G-100 column. The molecular weight of EPJ was determined to 15 367 Da and the monosaccharide composition was mainly glucose and rhamnose with the molar ratio of 5.46：1. The FT-IR spectra showed carbohydrate-related absorbance of polysaccharide functional groups. In vitro assay showed EPJ could significantly scavenge DPPH radical, superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and exhibited a strong reducing power. In vivo assay indicated that EPJ was effective in a D-galactose induced aging mice model. Results showed EPJ significantly inhibited formation of MDA and increased the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px in a dose-dependent manner in mice tissues. The findings obtained from this study indicated that polysaccharides from Semen Euryales could be explored for a wide prospect of benefit.
文摘For the thorough research on coal metamorphism impact on gas adsorption capacity, this paper collected and summarized parameters of experimental adsorption isotherms, coal maceral, proximate analysis and ultimate analysis obtained from National Engineering Research Center of Coal Gas Control and related literatures at home and abroad, systematically discussed the coal rank effect on its physicochemical properties and methane adsorption capacity, in which the coal rank was shown in Vitrinite reflectance, furthermore, obtained the Semi-quantitative relationship between physicochemical properties of coal and methane adsorption capacity.
