Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence tha...Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence that past physical activity(PA)interventions have had only a small effect on children’s and youth’s overall activity levels,~2it is important to clarify whether school-based PA interventions warrant resource allocation.Schools represent an accessible and cost-effective展开更多
The mental health of adolescents is a priority for successful development.Physical activity(PA)and exercise can have effects on the mental health of adolescents.This review analysed the effect that physical exercise i...The mental health of adolescents is a priority for successful development.Physical activity(PA)and exercise can have effects on the mental health of adolescents.This review analysed the effect that physical exercise interventions can have on the mental health of healthy adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age.The search was carried out in four databases.PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus and SportDiscuss,were searched up to December 31,2022,following the general model.Eleven studies were selected,with a total sample of 23681 participants in 2435 studies published in the last 5 years involving healthy adolescents.The search process and review of the articles was performed by independent expert investigators.The risk-of-bias and the methodological quality were analysed using the Cochrane scale.The limited and heterogeneous studies conducted so far do not clearly establish the benefits of PA on adolescents’mental health.However,some PA interventions seem to improve subjective well-being,self-esteem,physical and mental well-being,anxiety,lifestyle,emotional intelligence,depressive mood,and perceived benefit and confidence in healthy adolescents.It is important to design an effective and appropriate physical exercise programme that can be implemented for adolescents to achieve significant effects on their mental health.Studies that did not implement an appropriate exercise program with improvements in adolescent physical fitness showed no changes in psychological variables.Further research is needed to clearly establish that exercise programmes have positive effects on mental health in healthy adolescents.展开更多
Theincreasing prevalence of gestational diabetesmellitus(GDM)is associated with an array of pregnancy complications and enduring health challenges in bothmothers and their offspring.Studies have indicated that exposur...Theincreasing prevalence of gestational diabetesmellitus(GDM)is associated with an array of pregnancy complications and enduring health challenges in bothmothers and their offspring.Studies have indicated that exposure to the intrauterine environment can prompt adaptations in the offspring,thereby programming transgenerational inheritance.Physical activity during pregnancy,as a non-pharmacological intervention,mitigates metabolic risks through epigenetic modifications,mediating placental adaptations,the action of exercise factors,and gut microbiota.Here,we provide a review summarizing how regular exercise can reduce the risk of GDM and positively influence pregnancy outcomes.It also discusses the exercise-induced reduction in obesity,insulin resistance,and fatty liver disease in the offspring of GDM,outlining the mechanisms that underpin these health benefits.This review underscores the importance of exercise in safeguarding the health of GDM mothers and their offspring.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Emil Aaltonen Foundation(No.160029)
文摘Given the rising trend in obesity in children and youth and age-related decline in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)in several Western,African,and Asian-Pacific countries^1 and strong evidence that past physical activity(PA)interventions have had only a small effect on children’s and youth’s overall activity levels,~2it is important to clarify whether school-based PA interventions warrant resource allocation.Schools represent an accessible and cost-effective
文摘The mental health of adolescents is a priority for successful development.Physical activity(PA)and exercise can have effects on the mental health of adolescents.This review analysed the effect that physical exercise interventions can have on the mental health of healthy adolescents between 10 and 19 years of age.The search was carried out in four databases.PubMed,Web of Science,Scopus and SportDiscuss,were searched up to December 31,2022,following the general model.Eleven studies were selected,with a total sample of 23681 participants in 2435 studies published in the last 5 years involving healthy adolescents.The search process and review of the articles was performed by independent expert investigators.The risk-of-bias and the methodological quality were analysed using the Cochrane scale.The limited and heterogeneous studies conducted so far do not clearly establish the benefits of PA on adolescents’mental health.However,some PA interventions seem to improve subjective well-being,self-esteem,physical and mental well-being,anxiety,lifestyle,emotional intelligence,depressive mood,and perceived benefit and confidence in healthy adolescents.It is important to design an effective and appropriate physical exercise programme that can be implemented for adolescents to achieve significant effects on their mental health.Studies that did not implement an appropriate exercise program with improvements in adolescent physical fitness showed no changes in psychological variables.Further research is needed to clearly establish that exercise programmes have positive effects on mental health in healthy adolescents.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82401994)the Top Medical Expert Team of the Wuxi Taihu Talent Plan(Grant Nos.DJTD202106,GDTD202105)+1 种基金the Medical Key Discipline Program of theWuxi Health Commission(Grant Nos.ZDXK2021007,CXTD2021005)Top Talent Support Program for Young and Middle-Aged People of Wuxi Health Committee(Grant No.HB2023079).
文摘Theincreasing prevalence of gestational diabetesmellitus(GDM)is associated with an array of pregnancy complications and enduring health challenges in bothmothers and their offspring.Studies have indicated that exposure to the intrauterine environment can prompt adaptations in the offspring,thereby programming transgenerational inheritance.Physical activity during pregnancy,as a non-pharmacological intervention,mitigates metabolic risks through epigenetic modifications,mediating placental adaptations,the action of exercise factors,and gut microbiota.Here,we provide a review summarizing how regular exercise can reduce the risk of GDM and positively influence pregnancy outcomes.It also discusses the exercise-induced reduction in obesity,insulin resistance,and fatty liver disease in the offspring of GDM,outlining the mechanisms that underpin these health benefits.This review underscores the importance of exercise in safeguarding the health of GDM mothers and their offspring.
