The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the p...The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the performance of solar energy evaporation and minimizing material degradation during application can be achieved through the design of novel photothermal materials.In solar interfacial evaporation,photothermal materials exhibit a wide range of additional characteristics,but a systematic overview is lacking.This paper encompasses an examination of various categories and principles pertaining to photothermal materials,as well as the structural design considerations for salt-resistant materials.Additionally,we discuss the versatile uses of this appealing technology in different sectors related to energy and the environment.Furthermore,potential solutions to enhance the durability of photothermal materials are also highlighted,such as the rational design of micro/nano-structures,the use of adhesives,the addition of anti-corrosion coatings,and the preparation of self-healing surfaces.The objective of this review is to offer a viable resolution for the logical creation of high-performance photothermal substances,presenting a guide for the forthcoming advancement of solar evaporation technology.展开更多
Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials...Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.展开更多
Photothermal energy conversion represents a cornerstone process in the renewable energy technologies domain,enabling the capture of solar irradiance and its subsequent transformation into thermal energy.This mechanism...Photothermal energy conversion represents a cornerstone process in the renewable energy technologies domain,enabling the capture of solar irradiance and its subsequent transformation into thermal energy.This mechanism is paramount across many applications,facilitating the exploitation of solar energy for different purposes.The photothermal conversion efficiency and applications are fundamentally contingent upon the characteristics and performance of the materials employed.Consequently,deploying high-caliber materials is essential for optimizing energy capture and utilization.Within this context,photothermal nanomaterials have emerged as pivotal components in various applications,ranging from catalysis and sterilization to medical therapy,desalination,and electric power generation via the photothermal conversion effect.This review endeavors to encapsulate the current research landscape,delineating both the developmental trajectories and application horizons of photothermal conversion materials.It aims to furnish a detailed exposition of the mechanisms underlying photothermal conversion across various materials,shedding light on the principles guiding the design of photothermal nanomaterials.Furthermore,addressing the prevailing challenges and outlooks within the field elucidates potential avenues for future research and identifying priority areas.This review aspires to enrich the understanding of photothermal materials within the framework of energy conversion,offering novel insights and fostering a more profound comprehension of their role and potential in harnessing solar energy.展开更多
The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change ma...The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change materials(PTPCMs)represent a novel type of composite phase change material(PCM)aimed at improving thermal storage efficiency by incorporating photothermal materials into traditional PCMs and encapsulating them within porous structures.Various porous encapsulation materials have been studied,including porous carbon,expanded graphite,and ceramics,but issues like brittleness hinder their practical use.To overcome these limitations,flexible PTPCMs using organic porous polymers—like foams,hydrogels,and porous wood—have emerged,offering high porosity and lightweight characteristics.This review examines recent advancements in the preparation of PTPCMs based on porous polymer supports through techniques like impregnation and in situ polymerization,assessing the impact of different porous polymer materials on PCM performance and clarifying the mechanisms of photothermal conversion and heat storage.Subsequently,the most recent advancements in the applications of porous polymer-based PTPCMs are systematically summarized,and future research challenges and possible solutions are discussed.This review aims to foster awareness about the potential of PTPCMs in promoting environmentally friendly energy practices and catalyzing further research in this promising field.展开更多
Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field o f energy harvest and sustainable technologies.The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and co...Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field o f energy harvest and sustainable technologies.The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency.Moreover,the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront.Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices,a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results.This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery,material selection,structural design and mass/heat management,as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy.It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments.This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials,towards efficient,low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.展开更多
With the development of the industry,water pollution and shortage have become serious global problems.Owing to the abundance of seawater storage on earth,efficient solar-driven evaporation is a promising approach to r...With the development of the industry,water pollution and shortage have become serious global problems.Owing to the abundance of seawater storage on earth,efficient solar-driven evaporation is a promising approach to relieve the freshwater shortage.The solar-driven evaporation has attracted tremendous attention due to its potential application in the seawater desalination and wastewater treatment fields.Also,the solar-driven evaporation efficiency can be enhanced by designing both solar absorbers and structures.Up to now,many strategies have been explored to achieve high solar-driven evaporation efficiency,mainly including the selection of photothermal conversion materials and structure optimization.In this review,the solar absorbers,structural designs,and energy management are proposed as the keys for high performance solar-driven evaporation systems.We report four kinds of solar absorbers based on different photothermal conversion mechanisms,substrate structure designs,and energy management methods for the purpose to achieve high conversion efficiency.And we also systematically investigate the available salt-rejections strategies for seawater desalination.This review aims to summarize the current development of efficient solar-driven evaporation systems and provide insights into the photothermal conversion materials,structural designs,and energy management.Finally,we propose the perspectives of the salt-rejection technologies for seawater desalination.展开更多
Global water scarcity,intensified by climate change and population growth,necessitates sustainable freshwater solutions.Solar thermal desalination offers promise due to its energy efficiency,yet optimizing system perf...Global water scarcity,intensified by climate change and population growth,necessitates sustainable freshwater solutions.Solar thermal desalination offers promise due to its energy efficiency,yet optimizing system performance hinges critically on material selection,particularly for photothermal absorbers and their substrates.While extensive research addresses photothermal nanomaterials,substrate materials vital for structural integrity,thermal management,and interfacial stability remain underexplored.This review comprehensively examines current advances in solar evaporator components,evaluating photothermal materials and substrates against key selection criteria:thermal conductivity,stability under harsh conditions,scalability,and compatibility.We analyze diverse substrate materials(e.g.,metals,ceramics,polymers,bio-based,and aero-gels)and their synergistic roles in enhancing evaporation efficiency and durability.Critical gaps in large-scale feasibility,long-term stability under variable solar flux,and cost-performance trade-offs are identified.The review also highlights emerg-ing trends such as 3D-printed substrates and bio-inspired designs to overcome salt accumulation and fouling.By addressing these challenges and outlining pathways for scalable implementation,this work aims to advance robust,economically viable solar thermal desalination technologies for global freshwater security.展开更多
Photothermal conversion is one of the key technologies in solar energy collection,seawater desalination,photo thermal treatment and other important fields.In order to develop next generation photothermal materials,fou...Photothermal conversion is one of the key technologies in solar energy collection,seawater desalination,photo thermal treatment and other important fields.In order to develop next generation photothermal materials,four poly oxometalates,[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(12)H_(5)[Ni_(3)Mo_(18)O_(54)(HPO_(3))_(10)(PO_(4))]·_(18)H_(2)O(Compound 1),[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(1)Na_(11)[Ni_(2)Mo_(8)O_(22)(HPO_(3))_(10)]·16H_(2)O(Compound 2),Na_(15)(OH)_5[Mo_(6)O_(18)(HPO_(3))_(4)]_(2)[MoO]_(1.5)·16H_(2)O(Compound 3),[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(4)Na_(11)[Na[Mo_6O_(15)(HPO_(3))_(4)]_(2)]·_(18)H_(2)O(Compound 4),are successfully designed and synthesized via a micro wave-as sis ted reaction protocol.Compounds 1-4 not only exhibit broad absorption and notable photothermal conversion effects in near-infrared(NIR)region,but also have high photothermal conversion efficiencies and high quality NIR photothermal imaging effects under NIR laser irradiation.Compound 1 shows the best photothermal conversion effect,and it provides a unique model to explore the relationship between the complex metal oxide structure and photothermal conversion behavior at the molecular level.Both the experimental results and theoretical calculations consistently conclude that the charge and degree of electron delocalization on the Cluster have a robust influence on the photothermal conversion,as well as the aggregation microstructures.展开更多
A variety of research reports on novel supramolecular topologies have been published over the last years.However,it is still a great challenge to tap into the inner functional properties of these complexes.Herein,two ...A variety of research reports on novel supramolecular topologies have been published over the last years.However,it is still a great challenge to tap into the inner functional properties of these complexes.Herein,two tetranuclear metallamacrocycles 1 and 2 and four octonuclear[2]catenanes 3-6 were constructed successfully via a coordination-driven self-assembly strategy,by conscious design and use of the tetramethyl bidentate pyridine ligand L1,and the appropriate selection of six binuclear half-sandwich rhodium building units with different longitudinal dimensions.The complexes have been fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and NMR spectroscopy.Furthermore,near-infrared photothermal studies of the obtained[2]catenanes reveal different photothermal response in solid and solution states,which may be attributed to a strong fluorescence quenching effect of the half-sandwich organometallic fragment and different conjugated effect of Cp^(*)Rh based building blocks in the interlocking structures.The photothermal conversion efficiencies of[2]catenanes 4-6 fall in the range 30.5%-16.5% respectively.This contribution aims to play a key role in the experimental development of Cp^(*)-based photothermal materials.展开更多
The exploration of novel platforms for highly sensitive and selective detection of species of interest is always demanding.Photothermal sensors have emerged as a novel type of probe,particularly for on-site recognitio...The exploration of novel platforms for highly sensitive and selective detection of species of interest is always demanding.Photothermal sensors have emerged as a novel type of probe,particularly for on-site recognition.Many photothermally responsive materials,including inorganic nanomaterials,organic mole-cules and biomolecules,have been explored in recent decades for their applications as photothermal sensors.In this review,we will summarize several types of photothermally responsive materials and their applications in sensing.Finally,the prospects and challenges for future developments will be discussed.展开更多
Solar steam generation is a promising water purification technology due to its low-cost and environmentally friendly applications in water purification and desalination.However,hydrophilic or hydrophobic materials alo...Solar steam generation is a promising water purification technology due to its low-cost and environmentally friendly applications in water purification and desalination.However,hydrophilic or hydrophobic materials alone are insufficient in achieving necessary characteristics for constructing highquality solar steam generators with good comprehensive properties.Herein,novel hydrophile/hydrophobe amphipathic Janus nanofibers aerogel is designed and used as a host material for preparing solar steam generators.The product consists of an internal cubic aerogel and an external layer of photothermal materials.The internal aerogel is composed of electrospun amphipathic Janus nanofibers.Owing to the unique composition and structure,the prepared solar steam generator integrates the features of high water evaporation rate(2.944 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)under 1 kW m^(-2)irradiation),selffloating,salt-resisting,and fast performance recovery after flipping.Moreover,the product also exhibits excellent properties on desalination and removal of organic pollutants.Compared with traditional hydrophilic aerogel host material,the amphipathic Janus nanofibers aerogel brings much higher water evaporation rate and salt resistance.展开更多
Interfacial solar water evaporation is a reliable way to accelerate water evaporation and contaminant remediation.Embracing the recent advance in photothermal technology,a functional sponge was prepared by coating a s...Interfacial solar water evaporation is a reliable way to accelerate water evaporation and contaminant remediation.Embracing the recent advance in photothermal technology,a functional sponge was prepared by coating a sodium alginate(SA)impregnated sponge with a surface layer of reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to act as a photothermal conversion medium and then subsequently evaluated for its ability to enhance Pb extraction from contaminated soil driven by interfacial solar evaporation.The SA loaded sponge had a Pb adsorption capacity of 107.4 mg g^(-1).Coating the top surface of the SA sponge with rGO increased water evaporation performance to 1.81 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)in soil media under one sun illumination and with a wind velocity of 2 m s^(-1).Over 12 continuous days of indoor evaporation testing,the Pb extraction efficiency was increased by 22.0%under 1 sun illumination relative to that observed without illumination.Subsequently,Pb extraction was further improved by 48.9%under outdoor evaporation conditions compared to indoor conditions.Overall,this initial work shows the significant potential of interfacial solar evaporation technologies for Pb contaminated soil remediation,which should also be applicable to a variety of other environmental contaminants.展开更多
Harvesting solar energy in an effective manner for steam and electricity generation is a promising technique to simultaneously cope with the energy and water crises.However,the construction of efficient and easy scale...Harvesting solar energy in an effective manner for steam and electricity generation is a promising technique to simultaneously cope with the energy and water crises.However,the construction of efficient and easy scale-up photothermal materials for steam and electricity cogeneration remains challenging.Herein,we report a facile and cost-effective strategy to prepare MnO_(2)-decorated cotton cloth(MCx).The wide adsorption spectrum and excellent photothermal conversion ability of the in situ-formed MnO_(2)nanoparticles make the MCx to be advanced photothermal materials.Consequently,the hybrid device integrated with MCx as the photothermal layer and the thermoelectric(TE)module for electricity power conversion exhibits an extremely high evaporation rate of 2.24 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 kW m^(−2)irradiation,which is ranked among the most powerful solar evaporators.More importantly,during solar evaporation,the hybrid device produces an open-circuit voltage of 0.3 V and a power output of 1.6 W m^(−2)under 3 Sun irradiation,and outperforms most of the previously reported solar-driven electricity generation devices.Therefore,the integrated device with synergistic solar-thermal utilization opens up a green way toward simultaneous solar vapor and electric power generation in remote and resource-constrained areas.展开更多
The field of molecular charge transfer cocrystals(CTCs)has advanced rapidly in recent years,with much work focused on their use in optoelectronic devices,photoacoustic imaging,photothermal therapy(PTT),opticalwaveguid...The field of molecular charge transfer cocrystals(CTCs)has advanced rapidly in recent years,with much work focused on their use in optoelectronic devices,photoacoustic imaging,photothermal therapy(PTT),opticalwaveguides,seawater desalination,and more.Organic photothermal CTCs are of particular interest because of their unique phototherapeutic effects in phototherapy and their remarkable imaging capabilities in fluorescence,magnetic resonance,and photoacoustic imaging,further enhancing their significance in medical applications.However,the use of photothermal CTCs in biomedicine has been limited,with few reported biological applications.Hence,there is a growing interest in CT-derived functional photothermal cocrystals potential contenders for targeted and controlled biomedical applications such as bacteria inhibition,cancer eradication,and tissue regeneration.This review offers insight into the recent advancements in crafting and producing CT-based materials with biomedical attributes.In addition,it outlines the current obstacles and future prospects in this burgeoning research domain,aiming to propel the continued advancement of CT-based biomaterials toward enhanced biomedical utilities.Overall,cocrystal-based near-infrared(NIR)photothermal materials have the potential to revolutionize a wide range of medical and technological applications and are an active area of research in chemistry,materials science,and nanotechnology.展开更多
Water scarcity is a global challenge,and solar evaporation technology offers a promising and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production.Photothermal conversion materials(PCMs)are crucial for solar evaporation.Imp...Water scarcity is a global challenge,and solar evaporation technology offers a promising and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production.Photothermal conversion materials(PCMs)are crucial for solar evaporation.Improving photothermal conversion efficiency and reducing water evaporation enthalpy are the two key strategies for the designing of PCMs.The desired PCMs that combine both of these properties remain a challenging task,even with the latest advancements in the field.Herein,we developed copper nanoparticles(NPs)with different conjugated nitrogen-doped microporous carbon coatings(Cu@C–N)as PCMs.The microporous carbon enveloping layer provides a highly efficient pathway for water transport and a nanoconfined environment that protects Cu NPs and facilitates the evaporation of water clusters,reducing the enthalpy of water evaporation.Meanwhile,the conjugated nitrogen nodes form strong metal-organic coordination bonds with the surface of copper NPs,acting as an energy bridge to achieve rapid energy transfer and provide high solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency.The Cu@C–N exhibited up to 89.4%solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency and an evaporation rate of 1.94 kgm^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation,outperforming conventional PCMs,including carbon-based materials and semiconductor materials.These findings offer an efficient design scheme for high-performance PCMs essential for solar evaporators to address global water scarcity.展开更多
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for desalination.The photothermal conversion materials are at the core and play a key role in thisfield.Design of photothermal conversion materials based ...Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for desalination.The photothermal conversion materials are at the core and play a key role in thisfield.Design of photothermal conversion materials based on organic dyes for desalina-tion is still a challenge due to lack of efficient guiding strategy.Herein,a new D(donor)-A(acceptor)type conjugated tetraphenylpyrazine(TPP)luminophore(namely TPP-2IND)was prepared as a photothermal conversion molecule.It exhib-ited a broad absorption spectrum and strongπ–πstacking in the solid state,resulting in efficient sunlight harvesting and boosting nonradiative decay.TPP-2IND powder exhibited high photothermal efficiency upon 660 nm laser irradiation(0.9 W cm^(-2)),and the surface temperature can reach to 200℃.Then,an interfacial heating system based on TPP-2IND is established successfully.The water evaporation rate and the solar-driven water evaporation efficiency were evaluated up to 1.04 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) and 65.8%under 1 sunlight,respectively.Thus,this novel solar-driven heating system shows high potential for desalination and stimulates the development of advanced photothermal conversion materials.展开更多
Considering the increasing abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria,novel antimicrobial approaches need to be investigated.Photothermal therapy(PTT),an innovative noninvasive therapeutic technique,has demonstrated s...Considering the increasing abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria,novel antimicrobial approaches need to be investigated.Photothermal therapy(PTT),an innovative noninvasive therapeutic technique,has demonstrated significant potential in addressing drug-resistant bacteria and bacterial biofilms.However,when used in isolation,PTT requires higher-temperature conditions to effectively eradicate bacteria,thereby potentially harming healthy tissues and inducing new inflammation.This study aims to present a comprehensive review of nanomaterials with intrinsic antimicrobial properties,antimicrobial materials relying on photothermal action,and nanomaterials using drug delivery antimicrobial action,along with their applications in antimicrobials.Additionally,the synergistic mechanisms of these antimicrobial approaches are elucidated.The review provides a reference for developing multifunctional photothermal nanoplatforms for treating bacterially infected wounds.展开更多
Improving the evaporation rate and energy efficiency of solar steam generation is very important to facilitate real-world applications for clean water production.In this work,Co_(3)O_(4)@polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles...Improving the evaporation rate and energy efficiency of solar steam generation is very important to facilitate real-world applications for clean water production.In this work,Co_(3)O_(4)@polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles were synthesized and combined with reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to fabricate a new Co_(3)O_(4)@PDA-rGO photothermal aerogel.The obtained pho-tothermal aerogel sheet was thereafter used to prepare both two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)photothermal evaporators for solar steam generation.Due to the excellent light absorption and hydrophilicity of the photothermal aerogel,a high evaporation rate of 1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) was achieved for the 2D photothermal evaporator.While for the 3D evaporator,the evaporation rate was dramatically increased to 3.71 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) with a corresponding light-to-vapor energy efficiency of 107%.This was attributed to an increased evaporation surface area,decreased energy loss from the top evaporation surface to the environment,and energy gain from the environment on the side evaporation surface.The 3D evaporator also showed excellent practical performance in seawater desalination thus demonstrating great potential for real-world applications.展开更多
Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by year.However,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy...Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by year.However,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion materials.Moreover,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria pollutions.Till now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone strategy.Herein,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating sewage.The oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of oil.In addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 times.The surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation pores.The water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun irradiation.Furthermore,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water environments.Ultimately,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.展开更多
Organic photothermal materials based on conjugated structures hold great potential for solar harvesting but are often constrained by narrow absorption and limited solar-thermal conversion efficiency.A general molecula...Organic photothermal materials based on conjugated structures hold great potential for solar harvesting but are often constrained by narrow absorption and limited solar-thermal conversion efficiency.A general molecular design strategy that can simultaneously broaden absorption and enhance nonradiative decay remains elusive.Here,we pioneer a quinoid-donor-acceptor(Q-D-A)architecture specifically tailored for photothermal applications.Incorporating quinoidal unit into a D-A polymer backbone yields the novel polymer PAQM-TBz,which exhibits a reinforced backbone planarity,intensifiedπ-πinteractions,and enhanced diradical character compared with its D-A analogue,P2T-TBz.These synergistic features enable broadband absorption(400-1500 nm)and rapid nonradiative relaxation,yielding an outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of 80.6%under 808 nm laser irradiation—nearly twice that of P2T-TBz.Under 1.0 kW m^(-2) simulated sunlight,PAQM-TBz achieves a record-high solar-to-vapor efficiency of 97.3%with an evaporation rate of 1.41 kg m^(-2) h^(-1).It also generates a peak thermoelectric voltage of 126.1 mV,and in integrated water-electricity cogeneration,attains an evaporation rate of 1.28 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) and a voltage 95.8 mV,ranking among the highest for organic materials.This work establishes the Q-D-A strategy as a transformative platform for advanced solar-thermal energy conversion and multifunctional solar-harvesting applications.展开更多
基金supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LR23C160001)Scientific Research Startup Foundation of Zhejiang Ocean University(No.11034150220006).
文摘The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity,primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage.Enhancing the performance of solar energy evaporation and minimizing material degradation during application can be achieved through the design of novel photothermal materials.In solar interfacial evaporation,photothermal materials exhibit a wide range of additional characteristics,but a systematic overview is lacking.This paper encompasses an examination of various categories and principles pertaining to photothermal materials,as well as the structural design considerations for salt-resistant materials.Additionally,we discuss the versatile uses of this appealing technology in different sectors related to energy and the environment.Furthermore,potential solutions to enhance the durability of photothermal materials are also highlighted,such as the rational design of micro/nano-structures,the use of adhesives,the addition of anti-corrosion coatings,and the preparation of self-healing surfaces.The objective of this review is to offer a viable resolution for the logical creation of high-performance photothermal substances,presenting a guide for the forthcoming advancement of solar evaporation technology.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21908085)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20241950)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M731422)Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Materials Chemical Engineering(No.KL-NICE-23B03)Hubei Key Laboratory of Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials(No.202441204)the Science and Technology Plan School-Enterprise Cooperation IndustryUniversity-Research Forward-looking Project of Zhangjiagang(No.ZKYY2341)。
文摘Untreated water environments encourage the emergence of pathogenic microorganisms,which pose a significant risk to human health and sustainable development.Antimicrobial technologies in advanced photothermal materials offer a promising alternative strategy for solving water disinfection challenges.This technology effectively destroys bacterial biofilms by designing materials with controlled photothermal properties.Despite the potential of this technology,there is a lack of comprehensive reviews on the application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.The aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the research and application of photothermal materials in water disinfection.It focuses on composites in photothermal materials,elucidates their basic mechanisms and sterilization properties,and provides a systematic and detailed overview of their recent progress in the field.The goal of this review is to offer insights into the future design of photothermal materials and to propose strategies for their practical application in disinfection processes.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22072170,U23A20125)the Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2021C03170).
文摘Photothermal energy conversion represents a cornerstone process in the renewable energy technologies domain,enabling the capture of solar irradiance and its subsequent transformation into thermal energy.This mechanism is paramount across many applications,facilitating the exploitation of solar energy for different purposes.The photothermal conversion efficiency and applications are fundamentally contingent upon the characteristics and performance of the materials employed.Consequently,deploying high-caliber materials is essential for optimizing energy capture and utilization.Within this context,photothermal nanomaterials have emerged as pivotal components in various applications,ranging from catalysis and sterilization to medical therapy,desalination,and electric power generation via the photothermal conversion effect.This review endeavors to encapsulate the current research landscape,delineating both the developmental trajectories and application horizons of photothermal conversion materials.It aims to furnish a detailed exposition of the mechanisms underlying photothermal conversion across various materials,shedding light on the principles guiding the design of photothermal nanomaterials.Furthermore,addressing the prevailing challenges and outlooks within the field elucidates potential avenues for future research and identifying priority areas.This review aspires to enrich the understanding of photothermal materials within the framework of energy conversion,offering novel insights and fostering a more profound comprehension of their role and potential in harnessing solar energy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52103093,52103205)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202312187)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024QE220)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2021QNRC001)the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20232BAB214031,20242BAB25237).
文摘The urgent demand for renewable energy solutions,propelled by the global energy crisis and environmental concerns,has spurred the creation of innovative materials for solar thermal storage.Photothermal phase change materials(PTPCMs)represent a novel type of composite phase change material(PCM)aimed at improving thermal storage efficiency by incorporating photothermal materials into traditional PCMs and encapsulating them within porous structures.Various porous encapsulation materials have been studied,including porous carbon,expanded graphite,and ceramics,but issues like brittleness hinder their practical use.To overcome these limitations,flexible PTPCMs using organic porous polymers—like foams,hydrogels,and porous wood—have emerged,offering high porosity and lightweight characteristics.This review examines recent advancements in the preparation of PTPCMs based on porous polymer supports through techniques like impregnation and in situ polymerization,assessing the impact of different porous polymer materials on PCM performance and clarifying the mechanisms of photothermal conversion and heat storage.Subsequently,the most recent advancements in the applications of porous polymer-based PTPCMs are systematically summarized,and future research challenges and possible solutions are discussed.This review aims to foster awareness about the potential of PTPCMs in promoting environmentally friendly energy practices and catalyzing further research in this promising field.
文摘Solar powered steam generation is an emerging area in the field o f energy harvest and sustainable technologies.The nano-structured photothermal materials are able to harvest energy from the full solar spectrum and convert it to heat with high efficiency.Moreover,the materials and structures for heat management as well as the mass transportation are also brought to the forefront.Several groups have reported their materials and structures as solutions for high performance devices,a few creatively coupled other physical fields with solar energy to achieve even better results.This paper provides a systematic review on the recent developments in photothermal nanomaterial discovery,material selection,structural design and mass/heat management,as well as their applications in seawater desalination and fresh water production from waste water with free solar energy.It also discusses current technical challenges and likely future developments.This article will help to stimulate novel ideas and new designs for the photothermal materials,towards efficient,low cost practical solar-driven clean water production.
基金This work was financially supported by MOE Tier 1(A-0009304-01-00)of Singapore.
文摘With the development of the industry,water pollution and shortage have become serious global problems.Owing to the abundance of seawater storage on earth,efficient solar-driven evaporation is a promising approach to relieve the freshwater shortage.The solar-driven evaporation has attracted tremendous attention due to its potential application in the seawater desalination and wastewater treatment fields.Also,the solar-driven evaporation efficiency can be enhanced by designing both solar absorbers and structures.Up to now,many strategies have been explored to achieve high solar-driven evaporation efficiency,mainly including the selection of photothermal conversion materials and structure optimization.In this review,the solar absorbers,structural designs,and energy management are proposed as the keys for high performance solar-driven evaporation systems.We report four kinds of solar absorbers based on different photothermal conversion mechanisms,substrate structure designs,and energy management methods for the purpose to achieve high conversion efficiency.And we also systematically investigate the available salt-rejections strategies for seawater desalination.This review aims to summarize the current development of efficient solar-driven evaporation systems and provide insights into the photothermal conversion materials,structural designs,and energy management.Finally,we propose the perspectives of the salt-rejection technologies for seawater desalination.
文摘Global water scarcity,intensified by climate change and population growth,necessitates sustainable freshwater solutions.Solar thermal desalination offers promise due to its energy efficiency,yet optimizing system performance hinges critically on material selection,particularly for photothermal absorbers and their substrates.While extensive research addresses photothermal nanomaterials,substrate materials vital for structural integrity,thermal management,and interfacial stability remain underexplored.This review comprehensively examines current advances in solar evaporator components,evaluating photothermal materials and substrates against key selection criteria:thermal conductivity,stability under harsh conditions,scalability,and compatibility.We analyze diverse substrate materials(e.g.,metals,ceramics,polymers,bio-based,and aero-gels)and their synergistic roles in enhancing evaporation efficiency and durability.Critical gaps in large-scale feasibility,long-term stability under variable solar flux,and cost-performance trade-offs are identified.The review also highlights emerg-ing trends such as 3D-printed substrates and bio-inspired designs to overcome salt accumulation and fouling.By addressing these challenges and outlining pathways for scalable implementation,this work aims to advance robust,economically viable solar thermal desalination technologies for global freshwater security.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2020JJ4684)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2021zzts0522)+1 种基金the Recruitment Program of Global Youth Expertsthe Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Digital Flavor Research of Hunan China Tobacco Industry Co.,Ltd(No.202143000834024)。
文摘Photothermal conversion is one of the key technologies in solar energy collection,seawater desalination,photo thermal treatment and other important fields.In order to develop next generation photothermal materials,four poly oxometalates,[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(12)H_(5)[Ni_(3)Mo_(18)O_(54)(HPO_(3))_(10)(PO_(4))]·_(18)H_(2)O(Compound 1),[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(1)Na_(11)[Ni_(2)Mo_(8)O_(22)(HPO_(3))_(10)]·16H_(2)O(Compound 2),Na_(15)(OH)_5[Mo_(6)O_(18)(HPO_(3))_(4)]_(2)[MoO]_(1.5)·16H_(2)O(Compound 3),[(CH_(3))_(2)NH_(2)]_(4)Na_(11)[Na[Mo_6O_(15)(HPO_(3))_(4)]_(2)]·_(18)H_(2)O(Compound 4),are successfully designed and synthesized via a micro wave-as sis ted reaction protocol.Compounds 1-4 not only exhibit broad absorption and notable photothermal conversion effects in near-infrared(NIR)region,but also have high photothermal conversion efficiencies and high quality NIR photothermal imaging effects under NIR laser irradiation.Compound 1 shows the best photothermal conversion effect,and it provides a unique model to explore the relationship between the complex metal oxide structure and photothermal conversion behavior at the molecular level.Both the experimental results and theoretical calculations consistently conclude that the charge and degree of electron delocalization on the Cluster have a robust influence on the photothermal conversion,as well as the aggregation microstructures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22101108 and 22171123)the Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.19DZ2270100)+1 种基金training Plan for Young Core Teachers in Higher Education of Henan Province(No.2021GGJS131)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421232)。
文摘A variety of research reports on novel supramolecular topologies have been published over the last years.However,it is still a great challenge to tap into the inner functional properties of these complexes.Herein,two tetranuclear metallamacrocycles 1 and 2 and four octonuclear[2]catenanes 3-6 were constructed successfully via a coordination-driven self-assembly strategy,by conscious design and use of the tetramethyl bidentate pyridine ligand L1,and the appropriate selection of six binuclear half-sandwich rhodium building units with different longitudinal dimensions.The complexes have been fully characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and NMR spectroscopy.Furthermore,near-infrared photothermal studies of the obtained[2]catenanes reveal different photothermal response in solid and solution states,which may be attributed to a strong fluorescence quenching effect of the half-sandwich organometallic fragment and different conjugated effect of Cp^(*)Rh based building blocks in the interlocking structures.The photothermal conversion efficiencies of[2]catenanes 4-6 fall in the range 30.5%-16.5% respectively.This contribution aims to play a key role in the experimental development of Cp^(*)-based photothermal materials.
基金research was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(21725501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21475007,21675009 and 21505003)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(buctrc201706 and buctrc201720)the support from the Public Hatching Platform for Recruited Talents of Beijing University of Chemical Technology.
文摘The exploration of novel platforms for highly sensitive and selective detection of species of interest is always demanding.Photothermal sensors have emerged as a novel type of probe,particularly for on-site recognition.Many photothermally responsive materials,including inorganic nanomaterials,organic mole-cules and biomolecules,have been explored in recent decades for their applications as photothermal sensors.In this review,we will summarize several types of photothermally responsive materials and their applications in sensing.Finally,the prospects and challenges for future developments will be discussed.
基金financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(cstc2021jcyj-msxm X0898)Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(20210101080JC)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51803012,51573023)
文摘Solar steam generation is a promising water purification technology due to its low-cost and environmentally friendly applications in water purification and desalination.However,hydrophilic or hydrophobic materials alone are insufficient in achieving necessary characteristics for constructing highquality solar steam generators with good comprehensive properties.Herein,novel hydrophile/hydrophobe amphipathic Janus nanofibers aerogel is designed and used as a host material for preparing solar steam generators.The product consists of an internal cubic aerogel and an external layer of photothermal materials.The internal aerogel is composed of electrospun amphipathic Janus nanofibers.Owing to the unique composition and structure,the prepared solar steam generator integrates the features of high water evaporation rate(2.944 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)under 1 kW m^(-2)irradiation),selffloating,salt-resisting,and fast performance recovery after flipping.Moreover,the product also exhibits excellent properties on desalination and removal of organic pollutants.Compared with traditional hydrophilic aerogel host material,the amphipathic Janus nanofibers aerogel brings much higher water evaporation rate and salt resistance.
基金H.Xu acknowledges the financial support from the Australian Research Council(FT190100485,DP220100583)P.W.acknowledge financial support from the China Scholarship Council for primary scholarships and from the Future Industries Institute for top up scholarships.All authors acknowledge the use of Microscopy Australia facilities located at the University of South Australia,infrastructure co-funded by the University of South Australia,the South Australian State Government,and the Australian Federal Government's National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy(NCRIS)scheme.
文摘Interfacial solar water evaporation is a reliable way to accelerate water evaporation and contaminant remediation.Embracing the recent advance in photothermal technology,a functional sponge was prepared by coating a sodium alginate(SA)impregnated sponge with a surface layer of reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to act as a photothermal conversion medium and then subsequently evaluated for its ability to enhance Pb extraction from contaminated soil driven by interfacial solar evaporation.The SA loaded sponge had a Pb adsorption capacity of 107.4 mg g^(-1).Coating the top surface of the SA sponge with rGO increased water evaporation performance to 1.81 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)in soil media under one sun illumination and with a wind velocity of 2 m s^(-1).Over 12 continuous days of indoor evaporation testing,the Pb extraction efficiency was increased by 22.0%under 1 sun illumination relative to that observed without illumination.Subsequently,Pb extraction was further improved by 48.9%under outdoor evaporation conditions compared to indoor conditions.Overall,this initial work shows the significant potential of interfacial solar evaporation technologies for Pb contaminated soil remediation,which should also be applicable to a variety of other environmental contaminants.
基金supported by Huazhong University of Science and Technology(No.2021XXJS036,3004013134)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51903099,22102059)+1 种基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2020YFB1709301,2020YFB1709304,2021YFC2101705)the Innovation and Talent Recruitment Base of New Energy Chemistry and Device(No.B21003)。
文摘Harvesting solar energy in an effective manner for steam and electricity generation is a promising technique to simultaneously cope with the energy and water crises.However,the construction of efficient and easy scale-up photothermal materials for steam and electricity cogeneration remains challenging.Herein,we report a facile and cost-effective strategy to prepare MnO_(2)-decorated cotton cloth(MCx).The wide adsorption spectrum and excellent photothermal conversion ability of the in situ-formed MnO_(2)nanoparticles make the MCx to be advanced photothermal materials.Consequently,the hybrid device integrated with MCx as the photothermal layer and the thermoelectric(TE)module for electricity power conversion exhibits an extremely high evaporation rate of 2.24 kg m^(−2)h^(−1)under 1 kW m^(−2)irradiation,which is ranked among the most powerful solar evaporators.More importantly,during solar evaporation,the hybrid device produces an open-circuit voltage of 0.3 V and a power output of 1.6 W m^(−2)under 3 Sun irradiation,and outperforms most of the previously reported solar-driven electricity generation devices.Therefore,the integrated device with synergistic solar-thermal utilization opens up a green way toward simultaneous solar vapor and electric power generation in remote and resource-constrained areas.
基金supported by the King Abdullah International Medical Research Center(KAIMRC)Sauid Arabia:Grant NRC23R/746/11.
文摘The field of molecular charge transfer cocrystals(CTCs)has advanced rapidly in recent years,with much work focused on their use in optoelectronic devices,photoacoustic imaging,photothermal therapy(PTT),opticalwaveguides,seawater desalination,and more.Organic photothermal CTCs are of particular interest because of their unique phototherapeutic effects in phototherapy and their remarkable imaging capabilities in fluorescence,magnetic resonance,and photoacoustic imaging,further enhancing their significance in medical applications.However,the use of photothermal CTCs in biomedicine has been limited,with few reported biological applications.Hence,there is a growing interest in CT-derived functional photothermal cocrystals potential contenders for targeted and controlled biomedical applications such as bacteria inhibition,cancer eradication,and tissue regeneration.This review offers insight into the recent advancements in crafting and producing CT-based materials with biomedical attributes.In addition,it outlines the current obstacles and future prospects in this burgeoning research domain,aiming to propel the continued advancement of CT-based biomaterials toward enhanced biomedical utilities.Overall,cocrystal-based near-infrared(NIR)photothermal materials have the potential to revolutionize a wide range of medical and technological applications and are an active area of research in chemistry,materials science,and nanotechnology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52162012,52262014,22368019)Key Research and Development Project of Hainan Province(Grant Nos.ZDYF2022SHFZ053,ZDYF2021GXJS209)+1 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Talent Platform Fund for South China Sea New Star of Hainan Province(Grant No.NHXXRCXM202305)Open Research Project of State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea(Grant No.MRUKF2023020).
文摘Water scarcity is a global challenge,and solar evaporation technology offers a promising and eco-friendly solution for freshwater production.Photothermal conversion materials(PCMs)are crucial for solar evaporation.Improving photothermal conversion efficiency and reducing water evaporation enthalpy are the two key strategies for the designing of PCMs.The desired PCMs that combine both of these properties remain a challenging task,even with the latest advancements in the field.Herein,we developed copper nanoparticles(NPs)with different conjugated nitrogen-doped microporous carbon coatings(Cu@C–N)as PCMs.The microporous carbon enveloping layer provides a highly efficient pathway for water transport and a nanoconfined environment that protects Cu NPs and facilitates the evaporation of water clusters,reducing the enthalpy of water evaporation.Meanwhile,the conjugated nitrogen nodes form strong metal-organic coordination bonds with the surface of copper NPs,acting as an energy bridge to achieve rapid energy transfer and provide high solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency.The Cu@C–N exhibited up to 89.4%solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency and an evaporation rate of 1.94 kgm^(−2) h^(−1) under one sun irradiation,outperforming conventional PCMs,including carbon-based materials and semiconductor materials.These findings offer an efficient design scheme for high-performance PCMs essential for solar evaporators to address global water scarcity.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52173152,21805002The Fund of the Rising Stars of Shaanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:2021KJXX-48+5 种基金The Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China,Grant/Award Number:2023-JC-QN-0163Young Talent Fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China,Grant/Award Numbers:20190610,20210606Research Foundation of Education Department of Shaanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:21JK0487Scientific and Technological Innovation Team of Shaanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:2022TD-36Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2020A1515110476College Students’Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Plan Program of Baoji University of Arts and Sciences,Grant/Award Number:S202210721040。
文摘Solar-driven interfacial evaporation is a promising technology for desalination.The photothermal conversion materials are at the core and play a key role in thisfield.Design of photothermal conversion materials based on organic dyes for desalina-tion is still a challenge due to lack of efficient guiding strategy.Herein,a new D(donor)-A(acceptor)type conjugated tetraphenylpyrazine(TPP)luminophore(namely TPP-2IND)was prepared as a photothermal conversion molecule.It exhib-ited a broad absorption spectrum and strongπ–πstacking in the solid state,resulting in efficient sunlight harvesting and boosting nonradiative decay.TPP-2IND powder exhibited high photothermal efficiency upon 660 nm laser irradiation(0.9 W cm^(-2)),and the surface temperature can reach to 200℃.Then,an interfacial heating system based on TPP-2IND is established successfully.The water evaporation rate and the solar-driven water evaporation efficiency were evaluated up to 1.04 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) and 65.8%under 1 sunlight,respectively.Thus,this novel solar-driven heating system shows high potential for desalination and stimulates the development of advanced photothermal conversion materials.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFF1103900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902304,31972167)the Open Project Program of State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety,Tianjin University of Science&Technology(SKLFNS-KF-202310).
文摘Considering the increasing abundance of antibiotic-resistant bacteria,novel antimicrobial approaches need to be investigated.Photothermal therapy(PTT),an innovative noninvasive therapeutic technique,has demonstrated significant potential in addressing drug-resistant bacteria and bacterial biofilms.However,when used in isolation,PTT requires higher-temperature conditions to effectively eradicate bacteria,thereby potentially harming healthy tissues and inducing new inflammation.This study aims to present a comprehensive review of nanomaterials with intrinsic antimicrobial properties,antimicrobial materials relying on photothermal action,and nanomaterials using drug delivery antimicrobial action,along with their applications in antimicrobials.Additionally,the synergistic mechanisms of these antimicrobial approaches are elucidated.The review provides a reference for developing multifunctional photothermal nanoplatforms for treating bacterially infected wounds.
基金This work was financially supported by Australian Research Council(Grant no.FT190100485)the Future Industries Institute,University of South Australia(RTIS Scholarship).
文摘Improving the evaporation rate and energy efficiency of solar steam generation is very important to facilitate real-world applications for clean water production.In this work,Co_(3)O_(4)@polydopamine(PDA)nanoparticles were synthesized and combined with reduced graphene oxide(rGO)to fabricate a new Co_(3)O_(4)@PDA-rGO photothermal aerogel.The obtained pho-tothermal aerogel sheet was thereafter used to prepare both two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)photothermal evaporators for solar steam generation.Due to the excellent light absorption and hydrophilicity of the photothermal aerogel,a high evaporation rate of 1.60 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) was achieved for the 2D photothermal evaporator.While for the 3D evaporator,the evaporation rate was dramatically increased to 3.71 kg·m^(−2)·h^(−1) with a corresponding light-to-vapor energy efficiency of 107%.This was attributed to an increased evaporation surface area,decreased energy loss from the top evaporation surface to the environment,and energy gain from the environment on the side evaporation surface.The 3D evaporator also showed excellent practical performance in seawater desalination thus demonstrating great potential for real-world applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52263032,62062053,22375109,52061034)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Province(Nos.2020BS01004,2022QN03012)Young Science and Technology Talent Program of Inner Mongolia Province(No.NJYT23001)and a Talent Development Fund of Inner Mongolia Province.
文摘Sustainable,environmentally friendly and low-energy desalination materials have important research value for the increasing demand of freshwater year by year.However,it is a huge challenge to maintain high heat energy transfer efficiency without reducing the heat conversion capacity of specific solar photothermal conversion materials.Moreover,their efficiency and durability are greatly limited by the problems of seawater corrosion,oil,and bacteria pollutions.Till now,no related work has been reported to solve all the aforementioned problems via a simple four-birds-with-one-stone strategy.Herein,a class of multifunctional porous photothermal silver(Ag)modified Ti foams(Tf-TA/Ag series materials)is prepared for the development of advanced solar water evaporation devices,and provides alternative materials for alleviating freshwater crisis and treating sewage.The oil contact angle(OCA)changes from 41°to 180°,which significantly reduces the adhesion of oil.In addition,Tf-TA2/Ag sample also shows an excellent and sustained antibacterial effect,which maintains above 99.9%of antibacterial rate after repeated 5 times.The surface temperature of the Tf-TA2/Ag sample reaches 52.5℃ after simulated sun irradiation for 20 min,which is significantly higher than that of the contact groups(water:36.4℃,Ti foam:38.2℃ and Tf-TA2:40.9℃).The capacity of seawater evaporation and salt removal is enhanced due to the excellent photothermal properties,low reflectance,and uniform heat dissipation pores.The water production efficiency of Tf-TA2/Ag sample is 1.41 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in artificial seawater and 0.76 kg·m^(-2)·h^(-1) in oily sewage under simulated sun irradiation.Furthermore,the hydrophilic and oleophobic properties of Tf-TA2/Ag are critical to extracting water from oil/water mixture in diverse water environments.Ultimately,this four-birds-with-one-stone approach provides a new perspective for the improvement of solar seawater desalination performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52363021 and 22305050)Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(QKHJC-ZK[2024]Key 002).
文摘Organic photothermal materials based on conjugated structures hold great potential for solar harvesting but are often constrained by narrow absorption and limited solar-thermal conversion efficiency.A general molecular design strategy that can simultaneously broaden absorption and enhance nonradiative decay remains elusive.Here,we pioneer a quinoid-donor-acceptor(Q-D-A)architecture specifically tailored for photothermal applications.Incorporating quinoidal unit into a D-A polymer backbone yields the novel polymer PAQM-TBz,which exhibits a reinforced backbone planarity,intensifiedπ-πinteractions,and enhanced diradical character compared with its D-A analogue,P2T-TBz.These synergistic features enable broadband absorption(400-1500 nm)and rapid nonradiative relaxation,yielding an outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of 80.6%under 808 nm laser irradiation—nearly twice that of P2T-TBz.Under 1.0 kW m^(-2) simulated sunlight,PAQM-TBz achieves a record-high solar-to-vapor efficiency of 97.3%with an evaporation rate of 1.41 kg m^(-2) h^(-1).It also generates a peak thermoelectric voltage of 126.1 mV,and in integrated water-electricity cogeneration,attains an evaporation rate of 1.28 kg m^(-2) h^(-1) and a voltage 95.8 mV,ranking among the highest for organic materials.This work establishes the Q-D-A strategy as a transformative platform for advanced solar-thermal energy conversion and multifunctional solar-harvesting applications.
