Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a promising method for sustainable fuel production,but the efficiency of metal-organic complexes(MOCs)as photocatalysts is often limited by their poor light absorption,rapid excito...Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a promising method for sustainable fuel production,but the efficiency of metal-organic complexes(MOCs)as photocatalysts is often limited by their poor light absorption,rapid exciton recombination,and aggregation.To address these challenges,we encapsulated Ptbased MOCs within porphyrin-based metallacages,which not only prevent the aggregation of catalysts but also enable effective electron transfer from the photosensitive metallacages to the photocatalysts.The structures of the host-vip complexes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,and one complex achieved a hydrogen generation rate of 19,786.5μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which was among the highest values in metallacage-based photocatalytic systems.Femtosecond transient absorption and DFT calculations revealed that the enhanced performance is due to efficient photoinduced electron transfer from the porphyrin units to the Pt catalytic centers.This work demonstrates a new approach to integrating photosensitizers and photocatalysts via host-vip complexation,offering an effective pathway to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production.展开更多
Correction to:Rare Met.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01815-z In the original publication,Fig.5 was published with few mistakes.The correct version of Fig.5 is given in this correction.
Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of Z...Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS S-scheme heterojunctions under ambient conditions,based on a sonochemical strategy.This structure is facilitated by the well-matched interface between the(007)plane of layered ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the(101)plane of CdS,leading to a threshold optical response of 2.12 eV,which optimally aligns with visible light absorption.As a proof of concept,the resulting ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS catalysts demonstrate a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution,achieving a rate of 5678.2μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)under visible light irradiation(λ>400 nm).This rate is approximately 10 times higher than that of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets(NSs)and about 4.6 times higher than that of CdS nanoparticles(NPs),surpassing the performance of most ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts reported to date.Moreover,they deliver a robust photocatalytic performance during long-term operation of up to 60 h,showing their potential for use in practical applications.Based on the theoretical calculation and experimental results,it is verified that the movements of electrons and holes in the opposite direction could be induced by the disparity in the work function and the internal electric field within the interfaces,thus facilitating the construction of S-scheme heterojunctions,which fundamentally suppresses carrier recombination while minimizing photocorrosion of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)toward enhanced photocatalytic behaviors.展开更多
Facing the dual challenges of environmental pollution and energy crisis,photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen(H_(2))production has emerged as a promising strategy to convert solar energy into storable chemical e...Facing the dual challenges of environmental pollution and energy crisis,photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen(H_(2))production has emerged as a promising strategy to convert solar energy into storable chemical energy.In this work,the medium-entropy metal sulfides((FeCoNi)S_(2))as cocatalysts are successfully anchored onto protonated g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(HCN NSs)to fabricated(FeCo-Ni)S_(2)-HCN composite via a solvothermal method.The photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of(FeCoNi)S_(2)-HCN composite reaches 2996μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1),representing 83.22,9.16,and 1.34-fold enhancements compared to HCN(36μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)),FeS_(2)-HCN(327μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1))and(FeCo)S_(2)-HCN(2240μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)).The apparent quantum efficiency of(FeCoNi)S_(2)-HCN composite attains 12.29% at λ=370 nm.Comprehensive characterizations and experimental analyses reveal that the superior photocatalytic performance stems from three synergistic mechanisms:(1)The curled-edge lamellar morphology of HCN nanosheets provides a large specific surface area,which enhances light absorption,facilitates electron transfer,and promotes cocatalyst loading.(2)(FeCoNi)S_(2)as cocatalyst expands the light absorption range and capacity,accelerates the separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs,and creates abundant active sites to trap photogenerated carriers for surface hydrogen evolution reactions.(3)The synergistic interactions among multiple metallic elements(Fe,Co and Ni)further enhance surface activity,increase photogenerated carrier density,and reduce charge transport resistance,ultimately optimizing hydrogen production efficiency.展开更多
Converting sustainable solar energy into hydrogen energy over semiconductor-based photocatalytic materials provides an alternative to fossil fuel consumption.However,efficient photocatalytic splitting of water to real...Converting sustainable solar energy into hydrogen energy over semiconductor-based photocatalytic materials provides an alternative to fossil fuel consumption.However,efficient photocatalytic splitting of water to realize carbon-free hydrogen production remains a challenge.Heterojunction photocatalysts with well-defined dimensionality and perfectly matched interfaces are promising for achieving highly efficient solar-to-hydrogen conversion.Herein,we report the fabrication of a novel type of protonated graphitic carbon nitride(PCN)/Ti3C2 MXene heterojunctions with strong interfacial interactions.As expected,the two-dimensional(2D)PCN/2D Ti3C2 MXene interface heterojunction achieves a highly improved hydrogen evolution rate(2181μmol∙g‒1)in comparison with bulk g-C3N4(393μmol∙g‒1)and protonated g-C3N4(816μmol∙g‒1).The charge-regulated surfaces of PCN and the accelerated charge transport at the face-to-face 2D/2D Schottky heterojunction interface are the major contributors to the excellent hydrogen evolution performance of the composite photocatalyst.展开更多
Rapid industrialization has accordingly increased the demand for energy.This has resulted in the increasingly severe energy and environmental crises.Hydrogen production,based on the photocatalytic water splitting driv...Rapid industrialization has accordingly increased the demand for energy.This has resulted in the increasingly severe energy and environmental crises.Hydrogen production,based on the photocatalytic water splitting driven by sunlight,is able to directly convert solar energy into a usable or storable energy resource,which is considered to be an ideal alternative energy source to assist in solving the energy crisis and environmental pollution.Unfortunately,the hydrogen production efficiency of single phase photocatalysts is too low to meet the practical requirements.The construction of heterostructured photocatalyst systems,which are comprised of multiple components or multiple phases,is an efficient method to facilitate the separation of electron‐hole pairs to minimize the energy‐waste,provide more electrons,enhance their redox ability,and hence improve the photocatalytic activity.We summarize the recent progress in the rational design and fabrication of nanoheterostructured photocatalysts.The heterojunction photocatalytic hydrogen generation systems can be divided into type‐I,type‐II,pn‐junction and Z‐scheme junction,according to the differences in the transfer of the photogenerated electrons and holes.Finally,a summary and some of the challenges and prospects for the future development of heterojunction photocatalytic systems are discussed.展开更多
Construction of metal-organic-frame works-based composite photocatalysts has attracted much attention for the reasonable band gap and high surface areas to improve the photocatalytic activity.In this study,the ternary...Construction of metal-organic-frame works-based composite photocatalysts has attracted much attention for the reasonable band gap and high surface areas to improve the photocatalytic activity.In this study,the ternary heterojunction Pd@UiO-66-NH_(2)@ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanocomposites were facilely prepared for the first time by a two-step method.The visible-light-promoted hydrogen production rate of 0.3%Pd@UiO-66-NH_(2)@ZnIn_(2)S_(4)reaches up to 5.26 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is evidently much higher than pure UiO-66-NH_(2),ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and binary UiO-66-NH_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)composites.Such a huge improvement in the photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the matched band gap of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and UiO-66-NH_(2),and the introduction of Pd NPs into photocatalysts that broaden spectral response range and promote the photon induced charge carrier separation.This work may provide a feasible approach for the design and construction of metal-organic-frameworks-based photocatalytic materials.展开更多
TiO2@Ni(OH)2 core-shell microspheres were synthesized by a facile strategy to obtain a perfect 3D flower-like nanostructure with well-arranged Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes on the surfaces of TiO2 microspheres;this arrangement l...TiO2@Ni(OH)2 core-shell microspheres were synthesized by a facile strategy to obtain a perfect 3D flower-like nanostructure with well-arranged Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes on the surfaces of TiO2 microspheres;this arrangement led to a six-fold enhancement in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The unique p-n type heterostructure not only promotes the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers significantly, but also offers more active sites for photocatalytic hydrogen production. A photocatalytic mechanism is proposed based on the results of electrochemical measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.展开更多
A series of alloyed Zn‐Cd‐S solid solutions with a cubic zinc blende structure were fabricated hydrothermally with the assistance of L‐cystine under mild conditions.The products were characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM,...A series of alloyed Zn‐Cd‐S solid solutions with a cubic zinc blende structure were fabricated hydrothermally with the assistance of L‐cystine under mild conditions.The products were characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM,XPS,UV‐vis,and BET techniques,and the photocatalytic performance for the reduction of water to H2on the solid solutions was evaluated in the presence of S2?/SO32?as hole scavengers under visible light illumination.Among all the samples,the highest photocatalytic activity was achieved over Zn0.9Cd0.1S with a rate of4.4mmol h?1g?1,even without a co‐catalyst,which far exceeded that of CdS.Moreover,Zn0.9Cd0.1S displayed excellent anti‐photocorrosion properties during the photoreduction of water into H2.The enhancement in the photocatalytic performance was mainly attributed to the efficient charge transfer in the Zn0.9Cd0.1alloyed structure and the high surface area.This work provides a simple,cost‐effective and green technique,which can be generalized as a rational preparation route for the large‐scale fabrication of metal sulfide photocatalysts.展开更多
In the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production,metal sulfides are frequently utilized,particularly Cd sulfides,which have the benefits of a narrow band gap and a sufficient band gap.Other photocatalysts are requir...In the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production,metal sulfides are frequently utilized,particularly Cd sulfides,which have the benefits of a narrow band gap and a sufficient band gap.Other photocatalysts are required to enhance the situation because it still has a high photogenic carrier recombination rate and has flaws like photocorrosion that need to be fixed.The best morphology combination must be chosen since,as we are all aware,the morphology of the catalyst can significantly alter its activity.To choose the best morphology,we chose maple leaf CdS and WO_(3)with various morphologies to construct the S-Scheme heterojunctions,and WO_(3)was then applied to other metal sulfides.It is concluded that granular WO_(3)–0D and CdS-F have the highest hydrogen evolution activity,which may indicate that 0D has the highest loading capacity and may play a certain supporting role for the catalyst that is easy to agglomerate,exposing more hydrogen evolution active sites to enhance hydrogen production.At the same time,the main hydrogen evolution active crystal face of the metal sulfide in the paper is(100)crystal face.When the crystal face is exposed,the metal sulfide in the paper has good hydrogen evolution activity,and the hydrogen evolution activity will be greatly reduced after the crystal face is covered.The established spatial angle between the(100)crystal face exposed by CdS-F and the(111)crystal face exposed by WO_(3)–0D is large,so the highly active crystal face and active site are preserved as much as possible.On the other hand,WO_(3)decreases the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs in metal sulfide,resulting in a greater contribution of photogenerated electrons to the hydrogen evolution reaction.The Tafel clearly demonstrates the variation of hydrogen production rate control steps.This offers some suggestions for choosing the photocatalyst’s morphological configuration.展开更多
The electron mediator can effectively improve the performance of the direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. However, it is still a great challenge to select cheap and efficient electron mediators and to design...The electron mediator can effectively improve the performance of the direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. However, it is still a great challenge to select cheap and efficient electron mediators and to design them into the Z-scheme photocatalytic system. In the present paper, the g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS Z-scheme photocatalyst was prepared using carbon nanotubes(CNTs) as the electron mediators, and its photocatalytic hydrogen production performance was studied. Compared with single-phase g-C_(3)N_(4),CdZnS and biphasic g-C_(3)N_(4)/CdZnS photocatalysts, the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of the prepared g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS has been significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS possesses very good photocatalytic hydrogen production stability. The enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS is attributed to the fact that CNTs, as an electron mediator,can accelerate the recombination of the photogenerated holes in the valence band of g-C_(3)N_(4) and the photogenerated electrons in the conduction band of CdZnS, which makes the g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS Zscheme photocatalyst be easier to escape the photogenerated electrons, increases the concentration of the photogenerated carriers and prolongs the lifetime of the photogenerated carriers. This work provides a theoretical basis for the further development and design of CNTs as the intermediate electron mediator of the Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst.展开更多
We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets....We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets.The as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to date.Furthermore,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical applications.The formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS nanosheets.In addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.展开更多
Layered-type metal phosphates of BaNb_(2-x)Ta_(x)P_(2)O_(11)(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,and 2.0)were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method.The photophysical,optical,and photocatalytic hydrogen production properties of ...Layered-type metal phosphates of BaNb_(2-x)Ta_(x)P_(2)O_(11)(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,and 2.0)were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method.The photophysical,optical,and photocatalytic hydrogen production properties of the resulting powders were investigated for the first time.Phase-pure and homogeneous powders with irregular morphologies were obtained at a calcination temperature of 1200℃.As the Ta content increased,the interlayer distance along the c-axis increased by up to 0.14%.Additionally,the optical bandgap values increased from 3.32 to 3.59 eV.The energy band positions were estimated from the Mott–Schottky measurements.BaNb_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(x=0)exhibited the lowest conduction band edge position(-0.14 V vs.the normal hydrogen electrode,NHE),which is located above the water reduction potential(0.0 V vs.NHE).In comparison,BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(x=2.0)exhibited the highest conduction band edge position(-0.29 V vs.NHE),comparable to that of TiO_(2).The photocatalytic activity for hydrogen produced from splitting water was measured under ultraviolet light irradiation.Notably,BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)exhibited the highest activity(7.3μmol/h),which was 15 and 10 times larger than BaNb_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(0.5μmol/h)and nano-TiO_(2)(0.7μmol/h),respectively.The activity of BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)increased to 24.4μmol/h after deposition of the NiO_(x)co-catalyst(1 wt.%),which remained stable during continuous operation(~35 h).展开更多
This study ingeniously synthesized a novel CdS/NiS hollow nanoflower sphere(HNS)using a one-step method to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.Compared to conventional preparation methods,this approach...This study ingeniously synthesized a novel CdS/NiS hollow nanoflower sphere(HNS)using a one-step method to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.Compared to conventional preparation methods,this approach features seamlessly interfaced contact that facilitates efficient electron transfer across the interface.The internal hollow structure allows for multiple light reflections,maximizing light absorption,while the exterior shell and inner surfaces simultaneously offer active sites for reactions.The modification with non-noble metal NiS enables the extraction of electrons from CdS to the NiS surface,achieving rapid charge separation.Furthermore,adsorption-free energy calculations reveal that the NiS surface is more conducive to photocatalytic hydrogen generation,providing additional reaction active sites.The results demonstrate a hydrogen production rate of 2.18 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)for CdS/NiS HNS,which is 9.48 times greater than that of pristine CdS.This work presents a novel approach for synthesizing seamlessly interfaced contacts between photocatalysts and cocatalysts,offering new insight into efficient one-step synthesis for enhanced photocatalytic performance.展开更多
Due to the intrinsically flexible skeletons,loose aggregation and disorder packing of organic materials,organic photovoltaic nanoparticle(OPV-NP) encounters inferior exciton dissociation and charge recombination,espec...Due to the intrinsically flexible skeletons,loose aggregation and disorder packing of organic materials,organic photovoltaic nanoparticle(OPV-NP) encounters inferior exciton dissociation and charge recombination,especially poor operational stability when applied in photocatalytic hydrogen production.To alleviate these shortages,two new acceptors were constructed by boosting 2-cantilever XZ-1 to 4-cantilever XZ-2 and 6-cantilever XZ-3,thus greatly extending the conjugated plane towards two-dimensionality.Consequently,the decreased reorganization energies,weaker exciton binding,prolonged exciton lifetimes and more ordered molecular packings were observed for 6-cantilever XZ-3,further affording an excellent hydrogen yielding rate(184.68 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)).For the PM6:XZ-3 system,the hydrogen production rate was maintained at 106.1% at 40 h compared to the first 10 h of the photocatalytic hydrogenation rate.By unveiling a clear relationship of molecular spatial size-dependent photocatalytic performance,our work paves a new avenue for improving both photocatalytic activity and stability of OPV-NPs synergistically.展开更多
N-doped titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))hollow nanospheres with abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully synthesized by coupling urea treatment and annealing in an N_(2)atmosphere.The pristine TiO_(2)hollow nanospheres ex...N-doped titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))hollow nanospheres with abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully synthesized by coupling urea treatment and annealing in an N_(2)atmosphere.The pristine TiO_(2)hollow nanospheres exhibit a shallow donor level for electron trapping,while the urea treatment generates a N 2p acceptor level for hole trapping.After annealing in N2,the sufficient Natoms generate abundant oxygen vacancies for trapping electrons,resulting in further improved charge separation efficiency.The N-doped TiO,exhibits the highest Hz evolution rate,reaching 2867μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is six times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)hollow nanospheres.The introduction of oxygen vacancies by interstitial N provides a promising way to improve the photocatalysis activity of photocatalysts.展开更多
Photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen production using solar energy through semiconductor photocatalysts are deemed to be a powerful approach for solving environmental and energy crisis.However,the biggest challenge...Photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen production using solar energy through semiconductor photocatalysts are deemed to be a powerful approach for solving environmental and energy crisis.However,the biggest challenge in photocatalysis is the efficient separation of photo-induced carriers.To this end,we report that the mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles are anchored on highly conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene co-catalyst by electrostatic self-assembly strategy.The constructed mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composites display that the mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the surface of layer structured Ti_(3)C_(2)nanosheets.More importantly,the as-obtained mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composites reveal the significantly enhanced light absorption performance,photo-induced carriers separation and transfer ability,thus boosting the photocatalytic activity.The photocatalytic methyl orange degradation efficiency of mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composite with an optimized Ti_(3)C_(2)content(3 wt%)can reach 99.6%within 40 min.The capture experiments of active species confirm that the·O_(2)-and·OH play major role in photocatalytic degradation process.Furthermore,the optimized mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composite also shows an excellent photocatalytic H2 production rate of 218.85μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),resulting in a 5.6 times activity as compared with the pristine mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles.This study demonstrates that the MXene family materials can be applied as highly efficient noble-metal-free co-catalysts in the field of photocatalysis.展开更多
Photocatalytic hydrogen production is considered a promising approach to generating clean sustainable energy.However,the conventional co-catalyst(e.g.,Pt)used in photocatalytic hydrogen production is high-cost and dif...Photocatalytic hydrogen production is considered a promising approach to generating clean sustainable energy.However,the conventional co-catalyst(e.g.,Pt)used in photocatalytic hydrogen production is high-cost and difficult to obtain.Here,we designed and prepared a ternary nanocomposite MXene@Au@Cd S,which can be used in the field of efficient and excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production.The MXene@Au@Cd S has a hydrogen production rate of 17,070.43μmol g^-1h^-1(tested for 2 h),which is 1.85 times that of pure Cd S nanomaterials.The improved hydrogen production performance of the MXene@Au@Cd S is attributed to:(i)MXene provides more active adsorption sites and reaction centers for Au and Cd S nanoparticles;(ii)the synergistic effect of Au’s strong surface plasmon resonance expands the optical response range of Cd S.Therefore,this work solves the problem of the solid connection between the surface functional groups of photocatalyst,and achieves rapid interface charge transfer and long-term stability during the hydrogen production.展开更多
Carbon nitride-based photocatalysts hold an enormous potential in producing hydrogen.A strategy to simultaneously create isotype heterojunctions and active sites in highly-crystallized carbon nitride is anticipated to...Carbon nitride-based photocatalysts hold an enormous potential in producing hydrogen.A strategy to simultaneously create isotype heterojunctions and active sites in highly-crystallized carbon nitride is anticipated to significantly boost the photocatalytic activity,but is yet to be realized.Herein,we find that cobalt salt added in the ionothermal synthesis can promote the phase transition of heptazine-based crystalline carbon nitride(CCN)to triazine-based poly(triazine imide)(PTI),rendering the creation of singleatom cobalt coordinated isotype CCN/PTI heterojunction.Co-CCN/PTI exhibits an appreciable apparent quantum yield of 20.88%at 425 nm for photocatalytic hydrogen production with a rate achieving3538μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)(λ>420 nm),which is 4.8 times that of CCN and 27.6 times that of PTI.The high photocatalytic activity is attributed to the Type II isotype highly-crystallized CCN/PTI heterojunction for promoting charge carrier migration,and the single-atom Co sites for accelerating surface oxidation reaction.展开更多
In this paper,we report our attempts to raise the efficiency of liquid reduction method when using high specific surface area TiO2(HSTiO2)by doping Au.Characterization of Au-HSTiO2 was conducted via XRD,UV-vis,SEM,and...In this paper,we report our attempts to raise the efficiency of liquid reduction method when using high specific surface area TiO2(HSTiO2)by doping Au.Characterization of Au-HSTiO2 was conducted via XRD,UV-vis,SEM,and photocurrent intensity.The experimental results show that Au-HSTiO2 exhibits prominently higher photocatalytic hydrogen production than TiO2 and HSTiO2.Enhanced photosynthetic hydrogen production ability of Au-HSTiO2 should be attributed to the presence of abundant surface active sites of HSTiO2,remarkably extending electronic holes in Au doping.This study provides a promising photosynthetic material for hydrogen production.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.2217121922222112,and 22301238)Xi’an Association for Science and Technology Youth Talent Support Program(No.20240345)。
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a promising method for sustainable fuel production,but the efficiency of metal-organic complexes(MOCs)as photocatalysts is often limited by their poor light absorption,rapid exciton recombination,and aggregation.To address these challenges,we encapsulated Ptbased MOCs within porphyrin-based metallacages,which not only prevent the aggregation of catalysts but also enable effective electron transfer from the photosensitive metallacages to the photocatalysts.The structures of the host-vip complexes were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,and one complex achieved a hydrogen generation rate of 19,786.5μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which was among the highest values in metallacage-based photocatalytic systems.Femtosecond transient absorption and DFT calculations revealed that the enhanced performance is due to efficient photoinduced electron transfer from the porphyrin units to the Pt catalytic centers.This work demonstrates a new approach to integrating photosensitizers and photocatalysts via host-vip complexation,offering an effective pathway to improve photocatalytic hydrogen production.
文摘Correction to:Rare Met.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-021-01815-z In the original publication,Fig.5 was published with few mistakes.The correct version of Fig.5 is given in this correction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52372063,62204246 and 52401244)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(Grant No.2023QNRC001)+1 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20233001,GZC20233006)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2024M753526)。
文摘Efficient photocatalytic water splitting can be significantly enhanced through the careful design of S-scheme heterostructures,which play a pivotal role in optimizing performance.Herein,we report the construction of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS S-scheme heterojunctions under ambient conditions,based on a sonochemical strategy.This structure is facilitated by the well-matched interface between the(007)plane of layered ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and the(101)plane of CdS,leading to a threshold optical response of 2.12 eV,which optimally aligns with visible light absorption.As a proof of concept,the resulting ZnIn_(2)S_(4)/CdS catalysts demonstrate a remarkable improvement in photocatalytic H_(2) evolution,achieving a rate of 5678.2μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)under visible light irradiation(λ>400 nm).This rate is approximately 10 times higher than that of pristine ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanosheets(NSs)and about 4.6 times higher than that of CdS nanoparticles(NPs),surpassing the performance of most ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-based photocatalysts reported to date.Moreover,they deliver a robust photocatalytic performance during long-term operation of up to 60 h,showing their potential for use in practical applications.Based on the theoretical calculation and experimental results,it is verified that the movements of electrons and holes in the opposite direction could be induced by the disparity in the work function and the internal electric field within the interfaces,thus facilitating the construction of S-scheme heterojunctions,which fundamentally suppresses carrier recombination while minimizing photocorrosion of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)toward enhanced photocatalytic behaviors.
文摘Facing the dual challenges of environmental pollution and energy crisis,photocatalytic water splitting for hydrogen(H_(2))production has emerged as a promising strategy to convert solar energy into storable chemical energy.In this work,the medium-entropy metal sulfides((FeCoNi)S_(2))as cocatalysts are successfully anchored onto protonated g-C_(3)N_(4)nanosheets(HCN NSs)to fabricated(FeCo-Ni)S_(2)-HCN composite via a solvothermal method.The photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of(FeCoNi)S_(2)-HCN composite reaches 2996μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1),representing 83.22,9.16,and 1.34-fold enhancements compared to HCN(36μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)),FeS_(2)-HCN(327μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1))and(FeCo)S_(2)-HCN(2240μmol·h^(-1)·g^(-1)).The apparent quantum efficiency of(FeCoNi)S_(2)-HCN composite attains 12.29% at λ=370 nm.Comprehensive characterizations and experimental analyses reveal that the superior photocatalytic performance stems from three synergistic mechanisms:(1)The curled-edge lamellar morphology of HCN nanosheets provides a large specific surface area,which enhances light absorption,facilitates electron transfer,and promotes cocatalyst loading.(2)(FeCoNi)S_(2)as cocatalyst expands the light absorption range and capacity,accelerates the separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs,and creates abundant active sites to trap photogenerated carriers for surface hydrogen evolution reactions.(3)The synergistic interactions among multiple metallic elements(Fe,Co and Ni)further enhance surface activity,increase photogenerated carrier density,and reduce charge transport resistance,ultimately optimizing hydrogen production efficiency.
文摘Converting sustainable solar energy into hydrogen energy over semiconductor-based photocatalytic materials provides an alternative to fossil fuel consumption.However,efficient photocatalytic splitting of water to realize carbon-free hydrogen production remains a challenge.Heterojunction photocatalysts with well-defined dimensionality and perfectly matched interfaces are promising for achieving highly efficient solar-to-hydrogen conversion.Herein,we report the fabrication of a novel type of protonated graphitic carbon nitride(PCN)/Ti3C2 MXene heterojunctions with strong interfacial interactions.As expected,the two-dimensional(2D)PCN/2D Ti3C2 MXene interface heterojunction achieves a highly improved hydrogen evolution rate(2181μmol∙g‒1)in comparison with bulk g-C3N4(393μmol∙g‒1)and protonated g-C3N4(816μmol∙g‒1).The charge-regulated surfaces of PCN and the accelerated charge transport at the face-to-face 2D/2D Schottky heterojunction interface are the major contributors to the excellent hydrogen evolution performance of the composite photocatalyst.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51572253,21271165)Scientific Research Grant of Hefei Science Center of CAS (2015SRG-HSC048)Cooperation between NSFC and Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (51561135011)~~
文摘Rapid industrialization has accordingly increased the demand for energy.This has resulted in the increasingly severe energy and environmental crises.Hydrogen production,based on the photocatalytic water splitting driven by sunlight,is able to directly convert solar energy into a usable or storable energy resource,which is considered to be an ideal alternative energy source to assist in solving the energy crisis and environmental pollution.Unfortunately,the hydrogen production efficiency of single phase photocatalysts is too low to meet the practical requirements.The construction of heterostructured photocatalyst systems,which are comprised of multiple components or multiple phases,is an efficient method to facilitate the separation of electron‐hole pairs to minimize the energy‐waste,provide more electrons,enhance their redox ability,and hence improve the photocatalytic activity.We summarize the recent progress in the rational design and fabrication of nanoheterostructured photocatalysts.The heterojunction photocatalytic hydrogen generation systems can be divided into type‐I,type‐II,pn‐junction and Z‐scheme junction,according to the differences in the transfer of the photogenerated electrons and holes.Finally,a summary and some of the challenges and prospects for the future development of heterojunction photocatalytic systems are discussed.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.19ZR1403500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373054)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Science and Technology Committee(No.19DZ2270100)。
文摘Construction of metal-organic-frame works-based composite photocatalysts has attracted much attention for the reasonable band gap and high surface areas to improve the photocatalytic activity.In this study,the ternary heterojunction Pd@UiO-66-NH_(2)@ZnIn_(2)S_(4)nanocomposites were facilely prepared for the first time by a two-step method.The visible-light-promoted hydrogen production rate of 0.3%Pd@UiO-66-NH_(2)@ZnIn_(2)S_(4)reaches up to 5.26 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is evidently much higher than pure UiO-66-NH_(2),ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and binary UiO-66-NH_(2)/ZnIn_(2)S_(4)composites.Such a huge improvement in the photocatalytic performance is mainly attributed to the matched band gap of ZnIn_(2)S_(4)and UiO-66-NH_(2),and the introduction of Pd NPs into photocatalysts that broaden spectral response range and promote the photon induced charge carrier separation.This work may provide a feasible approach for the design and construction of metal-organic-frameworks-based photocatalytic materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21773031)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2018J01686)the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment(SKLPEE-2017A01 and SKLPEE-2017B02)~~
文摘TiO2@Ni(OH)2 core-shell microspheres were synthesized by a facile strategy to obtain a perfect 3D flower-like nanostructure with well-arranged Ni(OH)2 nanoflakes on the surfaces of TiO2 microspheres;this arrangement led to a six-fold enhancement in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The unique p-n type heterostructure not only promotes the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers significantly, but also offers more active sites for photocatalytic hydrogen production. A photocatalytic mechanism is proposed based on the results of electrochemical measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21573100, 21573099) the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (N-14-04)~~
文摘A series of alloyed Zn‐Cd‐S solid solutions with a cubic zinc blende structure were fabricated hydrothermally with the assistance of L‐cystine under mild conditions.The products were characterized by XRD,TEM,HRTEM,XPS,UV‐vis,and BET techniques,and the photocatalytic performance for the reduction of water to H2on the solid solutions was evaluated in the presence of S2?/SO32?as hole scavengers under visible light illumination.Among all the samples,the highest photocatalytic activity was achieved over Zn0.9Cd0.1S with a rate of4.4mmol h?1g?1,even without a co‐catalyst,which far exceeded that of CdS.Moreover,Zn0.9Cd0.1S displayed excellent anti‐photocorrosion properties during the photoreduction of water into H2.The enhancement in the photocatalytic performance was mainly attributed to the efficient charge transfer in the Zn0.9Cd0.1alloyed structure and the high surface area.This work provides a simple,cost‐effective and green technique,which can be generalized as a rational preparation route for the large‐scale fabrication of metal sulfide photocatalysts.
文摘In the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production,metal sulfides are frequently utilized,particularly Cd sulfides,which have the benefits of a narrow band gap and a sufficient band gap.Other photocatalysts are required to enhance the situation because it still has a high photogenic carrier recombination rate and has flaws like photocorrosion that need to be fixed.The best morphology combination must be chosen since,as we are all aware,the morphology of the catalyst can significantly alter its activity.To choose the best morphology,we chose maple leaf CdS and WO_(3)with various morphologies to construct the S-Scheme heterojunctions,and WO_(3)was then applied to other metal sulfides.It is concluded that granular WO_(3)–0D and CdS-F have the highest hydrogen evolution activity,which may indicate that 0D has the highest loading capacity and may play a certain supporting role for the catalyst that is easy to agglomerate,exposing more hydrogen evolution active sites to enhance hydrogen production.At the same time,the main hydrogen evolution active crystal face of the metal sulfide in the paper is(100)crystal face.When the crystal face is exposed,the metal sulfide in the paper has good hydrogen evolution activity,and the hydrogen evolution activity will be greatly reduced after the crystal face is covered.The established spatial angle between the(100)crystal face exposed by CdS-F and the(111)crystal face exposed by WO_(3)–0D is large,so the highly active crystal face and active site are preserved as much as possible.On the other hand,WO_(3)decreases the recombination rate of electron-hole pairs in metal sulfide,resulting in a greater contribution of photogenerated electrons to the hydrogen evolution reaction.The Tafel clearly demonstrates the variation of hydrogen production rate control steps.This offers some suggestions for choosing the photocatalyst’s morphological configuration.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41976036,41676069,41906034)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(Grant Nos.2019GHY112066,2019GHY112085)the Research Fund of State Key Laboratory for Marine Corrosion and Protection of Luoyang Ship Material Research Institute(LSMRI)under the contract No.KF190408。
文摘The electron mediator can effectively improve the performance of the direct Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. However, it is still a great challenge to select cheap and efficient electron mediators and to design them into the Z-scheme photocatalytic system. In the present paper, the g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS Z-scheme photocatalyst was prepared using carbon nanotubes(CNTs) as the electron mediators, and its photocatalytic hydrogen production performance was studied. Compared with single-phase g-C_(3)N_(4),CdZnS and biphasic g-C_(3)N_(4)/CdZnS photocatalysts, the photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of the prepared g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS has been significantly enhanced. Meanwhile, g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS possesses very good photocatalytic hydrogen production stability. The enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS is attributed to the fact that CNTs, as an electron mediator,can accelerate the recombination of the photogenerated holes in the valence band of g-C_(3)N_(4) and the photogenerated electrons in the conduction band of CdZnS, which makes the g-C_(3)N_(4)/CNTs/CdZnS Zscheme photocatalyst be easier to escape the photogenerated electrons, increases the concentration of the photogenerated carriers and prolongs the lifetime of the photogenerated carriers. This work provides a theoretical basis for the further development and design of CNTs as the intermediate electron mediator of the Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst.
基金Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate,Grant/Award Number:CX20200454National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:51972178。
文摘We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets.The as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to date.Furthermore,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical applications.The formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS nanosheets.In addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Koreafunded by the Ministry of Science,ICT,and Future Planning(no.NRF2019R1A2C2002024)
文摘Layered-type metal phosphates of BaNb_(2-x)Ta_(x)P_(2)O_(11)(x=0,0.5,1.0,1.5,and 2.0)were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method.The photophysical,optical,and photocatalytic hydrogen production properties of the resulting powders were investigated for the first time.Phase-pure and homogeneous powders with irregular morphologies were obtained at a calcination temperature of 1200℃.As the Ta content increased,the interlayer distance along the c-axis increased by up to 0.14%.Additionally,the optical bandgap values increased from 3.32 to 3.59 eV.The energy band positions were estimated from the Mott–Schottky measurements.BaNb_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(x=0)exhibited the lowest conduction band edge position(-0.14 V vs.the normal hydrogen electrode,NHE),which is located above the water reduction potential(0.0 V vs.NHE).In comparison,BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(x=2.0)exhibited the highest conduction band edge position(-0.29 V vs.NHE),comparable to that of TiO_(2).The photocatalytic activity for hydrogen produced from splitting water was measured under ultraviolet light irradiation.Notably,BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)exhibited the highest activity(7.3μmol/h),which was 15 and 10 times larger than BaNb_(2)P_(2)O_(11)(0.5μmol/h)and nano-TiO_(2)(0.7μmol/h),respectively.The activity of BaTa_(2)P_(2)O_(11)increased to 24.4μmol/h after deposition of the NiO_(x)co-catalyst(1 wt.%),which remained stable during continuous operation(~35 h).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22278169 and 51973078)the Excellent Scientific Research and Innovation team of the Education Department of Anhui Province(No.2022AH010028)+2 种基金the Major projects of the Education Department of Anhui Province(No.2022AH040068)the Key Foundation of Educational Commission of Anhui Province(Nos.2022AH050396 and 2022AH050376)Anhui Provincial Quality Engineering Project(No.2022sx134).
文摘This study ingeniously synthesized a novel CdS/NiS hollow nanoflower sphere(HNS)using a one-step method to enhance photocatalytic hydrogen production activity.Compared to conventional preparation methods,this approach features seamlessly interfaced contact that facilitates efficient electron transfer across the interface.The internal hollow structure allows for multiple light reflections,maximizing light absorption,while the exterior shell and inner surfaces simultaneously offer active sites for reactions.The modification with non-noble metal NiS enables the extraction of electrons from CdS to the NiS surface,achieving rapid charge separation.Furthermore,adsorption-free energy calculations reveal that the NiS surface is more conducive to photocatalytic hydrogen generation,providing additional reaction active sites.The results demonstrate a hydrogen production rate of 2.18 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)for CdS/NiS HNS,which is 9.48 times greater than that of pristine CdS.This work presents a novel approach for synthesizing seamlessly interfaced contacts between photocatalysts and cocatalysts,offering new insight into efficient one-step synthesis for enhanced photocatalytic performance.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin (23JCZDJC00140)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22204119,22309090,22474089)the Program of Science and Technology Plan of the City of Tianjin (22ZYJDSS00070,24JRRCRC00040)。
文摘Due to the intrinsically flexible skeletons,loose aggregation and disorder packing of organic materials,organic photovoltaic nanoparticle(OPV-NP) encounters inferior exciton dissociation and charge recombination,especially poor operational stability when applied in photocatalytic hydrogen production.To alleviate these shortages,two new acceptors were constructed by boosting 2-cantilever XZ-1 to 4-cantilever XZ-2 and 6-cantilever XZ-3,thus greatly extending the conjugated plane towards two-dimensionality.Consequently,the decreased reorganization energies,weaker exciton binding,prolonged exciton lifetimes and more ordered molecular packings were observed for 6-cantilever XZ-3,further affording an excellent hydrogen yielding rate(184.68 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)).For the PM6:XZ-3 system,the hydrogen production rate was maintained at 106.1% at 40 h compared to the first 10 h of the photocatalytic hydrogenation rate.By unveiling a clear relationship of molecular spatial size-dependent photocatalytic performance,our work paves a new avenue for improving both photocatalytic activity and stability of OPV-NPs synergistically.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0304203)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62020106014,62175140,92165106,12104276)+3 种基金PCSIRT(IRT-17R70),111 project(D18001)the Program for the Outstanding Innovative Teams of Higher Learning Institutions of Shanxi(OIT),the Applied Basic Research Project of Shanxi ProvinceChina(201901D211191,201901D211188)the collaborative grant by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research and NSF of China(62011530047,20-53-53025 in the RFBR classification).
文摘N-doped titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))hollow nanospheres with abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully synthesized by coupling urea treatment and annealing in an N_(2)atmosphere.The pristine TiO_(2)hollow nanospheres exhibit a shallow donor level for electron trapping,while the urea treatment generates a N 2p acceptor level for hole trapping.After annealing in N2,the sufficient Natoms generate abundant oxygen vacancies for trapping electrons,resulting in further improved charge separation efficiency.The N-doped TiO,exhibits the highest Hz evolution rate,reaching 2867μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),which is six times higher than that of pristine TiO_(2)hollow nanospheres.The introduction of oxygen vacancies by interstitial N provides a promising way to improve the photocatalysis activity of photocatalysts.
文摘Photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen production using solar energy through semiconductor photocatalysts are deemed to be a powerful approach for solving environmental and energy crisis.However,the biggest challenge in photocatalysis is the efficient separation of photo-induced carriers.To this end,we report that the mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles are anchored on highly conductive Ti_(3)C_(2)MXene co-catalyst by electrostatic self-assembly strategy.The constructed mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composites display that the mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles are uniformly distributed on the surface of layer structured Ti_(3)C_(2)nanosheets.More importantly,the as-obtained mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composites reveal the significantly enhanced light absorption performance,photo-induced carriers separation and transfer ability,thus boosting the photocatalytic activity.The photocatalytic methyl orange degradation efficiency of mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composite with an optimized Ti_(3)C_(2)content(3 wt%)can reach 99.6%within 40 min.The capture experiments of active species confirm that the·O_(2)-and·OH play major role in photocatalytic degradation process.Furthermore,the optimized mesoporous TiO_(2)/Ti_(3)C_(2)composite also shows an excellent photocatalytic H2 production rate of 218.85μmol g^(-1)h^(-1),resulting in a 5.6 times activity as compared with the pristine mesoporous TiO_(2)nanoparticles.This study demonstrates that the MXene family materials can be applied as highly efficient noble-metal-free co-catalysts in the field of photocatalysis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21872119)the Talent Engineering Training Funding Project of Hebei Province(A201905004)the Research Program of the College Science and Technology of Hebei Province(ZD2018091)。
文摘Photocatalytic hydrogen production is considered a promising approach to generating clean sustainable energy.However,the conventional co-catalyst(e.g.,Pt)used in photocatalytic hydrogen production is high-cost and difficult to obtain.Here,we designed and prepared a ternary nanocomposite MXene@Au@Cd S,which can be used in the field of efficient and excellent photocatalytic hydrogen production.The MXene@Au@Cd S has a hydrogen production rate of 17,070.43μmol g^-1h^-1(tested for 2 h),which is 1.85 times that of pure Cd S nanomaterials.The improved hydrogen production performance of the MXene@Au@Cd S is attributed to:(i)MXene provides more active adsorption sites and reaction centers for Au and Cd S nanoparticles;(ii)the synergistic effect of Au’s strong surface plasmon resonance expands the optical response range of Cd S.Therefore,this work solves the problem of the solid connection between the surface functional groups of photocatalyst,and achieves rapid interface charge transfer and long-term stability during the hydrogen production.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1502003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51961165103)supported by the National Program for Support of Top-notch Young Professionals and‘‘The Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities”。
文摘Carbon nitride-based photocatalysts hold an enormous potential in producing hydrogen.A strategy to simultaneously create isotype heterojunctions and active sites in highly-crystallized carbon nitride is anticipated to significantly boost the photocatalytic activity,but is yet to be realized.Herein,we find that cobalt salt added in the ionothermal synthesis can promote the phase transition of heptazine-based crystalline carbon nitride(CCN)to triazine-based poly(triazine imide)(PTI),rendering the creation of singleatom cobalt coordinated isotype CCN/PTI heterojunction.Co-CCN/PTI exhibits an appreciable apparent quantum yield of 20.88%at 425 nm for photocatalytic hydrogen production with a rate achieving3538μmol h^(-1)g^(-1)(λ>420 nm),which is 4.8 times that of CCN and 27.6 times that of PTI.The high photocatalytic activity is attributed to the Type II isotype highly-crystallized CCN/PTI heterojunction for promoting charge carrier migration,and the single-atom Co sites for accelerating surface oxidation reaction.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31540035,61308095,21801092,and 11904128)the Program for the Development of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Nos.20180520002JH and 20190103100JH)+1 种基金the 13th Five-Year Program for Science and Technology of Education Department of Jilin Province(Nos.JJKH20180769KJ and JJKH20180778KJ)the Graduate Innovation Project of Jilin Normal University(No.201941)。
文摘In this paper,we report our attempts to raise the efficiency of liquid reduction method when using high specific surface area TiO2(HSTiO2)by doping Au.Characterization of Au-HSTiO2 was conducted via XRD,UV-vis,SEM,and photocurrent intensity.The experimental results show that Au-HSTiO2 exhibits prominently higher photocatalytic hydrogen production than TiO2 and HSTiO2.Enhanced photosynthetic hydrogen production ability of Au-HSTiO2 should be attributed to the presence of abundant surface active sites of HSTiO2,remarkably extending electronic holes in Au doping.This study provides a promising photosynthetic material for hydrogen production.
