The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer...The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.展开更多
Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their micro...Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.展开更多
The issues of fossil energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by the excessive consumption of conventional fossil fuels necessitates the exploration of renewable and clean energy sources such as hydrogen,whi...The issues of fossil energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by the excessive consumption of conventional fossil fuels necessitates the exploration of renewable and clean energy sources such as hydrogen,which is viable alternative to traditional energy sources in view of its high energy density and nonpolluting nature.In this regard,photocatalytic technology powered by inexhaustible solar energy is an ideal hydrogen production method.The recently developed copper-and zinc-based multinary metal sulfide(MMS)semiconductor photocatalysts exhibit the advantages of suitable bandgap,wide light-harvesting range,and flexible elemental composition,thus possessing great potential for achieving considerable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)performance.Despite great progress has been achieved,the current photocatalysts still cannot meet the commercial application demands,which highlights the mechanisms understanding and optimization strategies for efficient PHE.Herein,the basic mechanisms of PHE,and effective optimization strategies are firstly introduced.Afterwards,the research process and the performance of copper-and zinc-based MMS photocatalysts,are thoroughly reviewed.Finally,the unresolved issues,and challenges hindering the achievement of overall water splitting have been discussed.展开更多
The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most po...The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.展开更多
A novel nitrogen-doped graphene(NG)supporting magnetic nanoparticles(Fe and Fe_(3)C)was synthesized from g-C_(3)N_(4)and Fe(C_(5)H_(5))_(2).When used as a photocatalyst exposed to visible light,the material was excell...A novel nitrogen-doped graphene(NG)supporting magnetic nanoparticles(Fe and Fe_(3)C)was synthesized from g-C_(3)N_(4)and Fe(C_(5)H_(5))_(2).When used as a photocatalyst exposed to visible light,the material was excellent in degrading tetracycline(TC)in aqueous solutions.Scanning electron microscopy indicated that it had a folded sheet structure,with numerous nanoparticles observed on graphene sheets.Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of significant defects in the material,which suppressed the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.The performance and degradation mechanism of the photocatalyst was verified using a series of optical and electrochemical experiments and theoretical calculations.The degradation efficiency of the catalyst for TC was as high as 97.1%in 120 min under visible light irradiation,which is superior to other reported catalysts.A mechanism study showed that TC is rapidly degraded into CO_(2),H_(2)O and other small inorganic molecules,with holes(h^(+))serving as the primary driving force.The catalyst had an outstanding stability and reusability,and could be easily recovered using an external magnetic field.展开更多
The nano-MOF-303 synthesized by microwave method exhibited efficient adsorption capacity(232 mg/g)toward Ag^(+),in which the adsorption behaviors were fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Freundlich isoth...The nano-MOF-303 synthesized by microwave method exhibited efficient adsorption capacity(232 mg/g)toward Ag^(+),in which the adsorption behaviors were fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model.The outstanding Ag^(+)sorption ability of nano-MOF-303 could be contributed to electrostatic interactions,weak coordination interaction of Ag-N,and Ag Cl precipitates originating from the stored Cl^(-)in nano-MOF-303.Besides the adsorbent regeneration,the formed Ag/Ag Cl onto nano-MOF-303 could produce Ag/Ag Cl/MOF-303 as a photocatalyst for sulfamethoxazole degradation under visible light.In this work,both the adsorption and photocatalysis mechanisms were clarified,which might provide insight to develop more effective adsorbents for mining the critical resource from the wastewater.展开更多
The development of efficient green energy technology is imperative in the face of energy crises and environmental concerns.Photocatalysis,which utilizes solar energy for processes such as carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) reduct...The development of efficient green energy technology is imperative in the face of energy crises and environmental concerns.Photocatalysis,which utilizes solar energy for processes such as carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) reduction,organic pollutants degradation,and hydrogen(H_(2)) production through water splitting,is a promising approach.The key to high-efficiency photocatalysis lies in the design of superior photocatalysts.Graphene quantum dots(GQDs) have sparked significant interest in photocatalysis due to their exceptional up conversion photoluminescence(UCPL),strong light-capturing capability,and unique photoinduced charge transfer properties.However,their standalone use is limited by stability and activity.By integrating GQDs into composite photocatalysts,the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs is enhanced,boosting photocatalytic performance.This review provides the first overview and summary of the preparation methods of GQDs in photocatalysts,encompassing top-down and bottom-up strategy.Subsequently,a pioneering detailed summary was made on the applications of GQDs-semiconductor composites(metal organic frameworks,CdS,and bismuth-based oxides,etc.) in photocatalytic reactions such as CO_(2) reduction,organic pollutant degradation,and H_(2) generation.Furthermore,the corresponding representative examples and mechanisms are also elaborated and discussed respectively.Finally,the challenges and prospects for GQDs-based photocatalysts in the field of photocatalysis are proposed.This review provides inspiration and guidance for the development of efficient GQDs-based photocatalysts.展开更多
The photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT)process has been extensively investigated,however,the recovery of photocatalysts has remained a persistent challenge in the field.In light of this issue,a novel ap...The photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT)process has been extensively investigated,however,the recovery of photocatalysts has remained a persistent challenge in the field.In light of this issue,a novel approach involving the development of iron-based ionic liquids as photocatalysts has been pursued for the first time,with the goal of simultaneously facilitating the LMCT process and addressing the issue of photocatalyst recovery.Remarkably,the iron-based ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate(C_(4)mim-Fe Cl_(4))demonstrates exceptional recyclability and stability for the photocatalytic hydroacylation of olefins.This study will pave the way for new approaches to photocatalytic organic synthesis using ionic liquids as recyclable photocatalysts.展开更多
Human society is currently facing significant and pressing issues in the form of serious environmental pollution and energy shortages,which have arisen owing to the rapid development of the economy and contemporary in...Human society is currently facing significant and pressing issues in the form of serious environmental pollution and energy shortages,which have arisen owing to the rapid development of the economy and contemporary industry.Photocatalysis has considerable potential as a viable technique for providing sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources.The use of lanthanide-based photocatalysts on supporting substrates has garnered significant attention over the past decade within the scope of organic pollution remediation.Owing to its unique and promising bandgap,electrical conductivity,and stability,traditional GdVO_(4)exhibits remarkable photocatalytic performance with ongoing advances and advancements.This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the modification techniques employed for GdVO_(4)-based photocatalysts,with a specific focus on their application in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.The supplied information provides a concise overview of current obstacles,limitations,advancements,mechanisms,and potential prospects for new opportunities.This review is anticipated to provide a significant reference and scientific justification for the active development of GdVO_(4)-based materials for environmental applications.展开更多
A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and c...A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and constructed via conjugative electrospinning.Dual-fields of built-in electric fields supplied by S-scheme heterostructure and piezoelectric field formed by PVDF jointly boost separation and transfer of photo-induced charges.As a case study,piezoelectric photocatalytic efficiency of[TP]//[CTP]JNs for tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)under ultrasonic united with simulated sunlight illumination is 93.35%(40 min),which is 1.39 times of the photocatalytic efficiency(light illumination only)and 5.32 times of piezoelectric catalytic efficiency(applying ultrasonic only),proving the advantages of the synergistic effect of piezoelectric catalysis and photocatalysis on contaminant degradation.The dynamic behaviors of photocatalysis and photo-generated charges are deeply revealed through fs-TA and TRPL decay spectra,and the degradation pathways of antibiotics are reasonably speculated by combining LCMS spectra with Fukui index.By the degradation ability,COMSOL simulation and DFT calculation,the structural advantage of Janus nanofibers is fully verified,and S-scheme charge transfer mechanism is confirmed by combining a series of sound ample experiments with theoretical calculations.Additionally,the construction mechanism of Janus nanofibers is proposed,and corresponding construction technique is established.展开更多
Solar-driven(or light-driven)production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water(H_(2)O)and molecular oxygen(O_(2))has recently received increasing attention as a green and sustainable alternative to conventional me...Solar-driven(or light-driven)production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water(H_(2)O)and molecular oxygen(O_(2))has recently received increasing attention as a green and sustainable alternative to conventional methods.However,the field of photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production is still in its infancy,primarily because of limited H_(2)O_(2)production efficiency.Over the past few years,a wide range of inorganic,organic,and organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts have been developed via diverse synthetic and modification strategies to increase the H_(2)O_(2)yield.Among them,organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts have shown higher H_(2)O_(2)production performance than single-component systems;at the same time,the advancements and challenges of these hybrid systems have not been comprehensively reviewed.Therefore,this review summarizes the advantages/limitations,recent progress,and potential challenges of organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2)production.First,we elucidate the superiority of the photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production over the conventional anthraquinone oxidation process.Then,we summarize the advantages and limitations of inorganic,organic,and organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts and discuss in detail the design,synthetic strategies,and photochemical properties of organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts.Finally,this review outlines the challenges and outlook for future research in this emerging area.展开更多
Photocatalysis is a crucial technique for environmental cleanup and renewable energy generation.Polymer-based photocatalysts have attracted interest due to their adaptability,adjustable chemical characteristics,and en...Photocatalysis is a crucial technique for environmental cleanup and renewable energy generation.Polymer-based photocatalysts have attracted interest due to their adaptability,adjustable chemical characteristics,and enhanced light absorption efficiency.Unlike traditional inorganic photocatalysts,we can optimize polymeric systems to enhance photocatalytic efficiency and yield significant advantages in environmental remediation and energy conversion applications.This study talks about the latest developments in polymer-based photocatalysts and how important they are for cleaning water,breaking down pollutants,and making renewable energy through processes like hydrogen production and CO_(2) reduction.These materials are proficient in degrading harmful pollutants such as organic colours,insecticides,and medications,transforming them into innocuous byproducts.Moreover,its use in solar-driven water splitting for hydrogen production and CO_(2) reduction provides a sustainable solution to global energy and environmental issues.These photocatalysts are much more effective and last longer thanks to progress in polymer chemistry,nano-structuring,and hybridization with materials like semiconductors and metal nanoparticles.The research underscores the promise of polymer photocatalysts for extensive environmental applications due to their cost-efficiency,ease of separation,and reusability.Future research endeavors seek to optimize polymeric photocatalyst systems for improved stability and performance,hence advancing sustainable solutions for critical environmental and energy challenges.展开更多
The present levels of CO_(2)emission in the atmosphere require the development of technologies to achieve carbon neutrality using inexpensive processes.Conversion of CO_(2)into cyclic carbonates is one of the solution...The present levels of CO_(2)emission in the atmosphere require the development of technologies to achieve carbon neutrality using inexpensive processes.Conversion of CO_(2)into cyclic carbonates is one of the solutions to this problem.Here,we synthesized a ZnV_(2)O_(6)/Bi_(2)WO_(6)nanocomposite and catalyzed the cycloaddition of CO_(2)to epoxides for the green synthesis of cyclic carbonates under visible light irradiation.The present nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited up to 96%yield of cyclic carbonates.The photocatalyst was found to be efficient for photocatalytic cycloaddition reactions,and the recovered photocatalyst showed stability in up to five consecutive photocatalytic experiments.The current methodology of cyclic carbonate production is a significant step toward the mitigation of atmospheric CO_(2)and can work well with the development of nanocomposite photocatalysts.展开更多
CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrali...CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality'goals.Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to produce liquid fuels is of great significance for both CO_(2)reduction and storage/transportation of high-value chemicals.However,so far,there is no relevant literature to summarize photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion to obtain liquid products.Based on the thermodynamic examination of the catalytic process and basic principles guiding the design of the photocatalysts,this review summarized photocatalysts for the CO_(2)conversion into four liquid products:formic acid,methanol,acetic acid and ethanol.Based on this,strategic development goals are outlined,and innovative strategies are proposed to enhance the efficiency and product selectivity of photocatalysts in converting CO_(2)into liquid products.This review will serve as a valuable reference for CO_(2)photo conversion into liquid products.展开更多
In recent years,the development of wafer-level GaN nanowires photocatalyst loaded onto silicon substrates has progressed rapidly depending on its simplicity of instrumentation,collection and separation from the water....In recent years,the development of wafer-level GaN nanowires photocatalyst loaded onto silicon substrates has progressed rapidly depending on its simplicity of instrumentation,collection and separation from the water.Accordingly,the wafer-level GaN-based nanowires(GaN NWs)photocatalyst can be a fabulous candidate for the application in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(PHER)and provides a novel route to address the environmental and energy crisis.Herein,a range of innovative strategies to improve the performance of GaN NWs photocatalyst are systematically summarized.Then,the solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency,the characteristics of GaN NWs system,the cost of the origin material required,as well as the stability,activity and the corrosion resistance to seawater are discussed in detail as some of the essential conditions for advancing its large-scale industry-friendly application.Last but not least,we provide the potential application of this system for splitting seawater to produce hydrogen and point out the direction for overcoming the barriers to future industrial-scale implementation.展开更多
Storing solar energy in battery systems is crucial to achieving a green and sustainable society.However,the efficient development of photo-enhanced zinc-air batteries(ZABs)is limited by the rapid recombination of phot...Storing solar energy in battery systems is crucial to achieving a green and sustainable society.However,the efficient development of photo-enhanced zinc-air batteries(ZABs)is limited by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers on the photocathode.In this work,the visible-light-driven CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst with unique petal-like layer structure was designed and developed,which can be used as air electrode for visible-light-driven ZABs.The superior performance of ZABs assembled by CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)was mainly attributed to the successful construction of Schottky heterojunction between g-C_(3)N_(4)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs),which accelerates the transfer of electrons from g-C_(3)N_(4)to CoS_(2)/CuS cocatalysts,improves the carrier separation ability,and extends the carrier lifetime.Thereinto,the visible-driven ZABs assembled by CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst has a power density of 588.90 mW cm^(-2) and a charge-discharge cycle of 643 h under visible light irradiation,which is the highest performance ever reported for photo-enhanced ZABs.More importantly,the charge-discharge voltage drop of ZABs was only 0.54 V under visible light irradiation,which is significantly lower than the voltage drop(0.94 V)in the dark.This study provides a new idea for designing efficient and stable visible-light-driven ZABs cathode catalysts.展开更多
Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),an environmentally friendly chemical with high value,is extensively used in industrial production and daily life.However,the traditional anthraquinone method for H_(2)O_(2) production is ...Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),an environmentally friendly chemical with high value,is extensively used in industrial production and daily life.However,the traditional anthraquinone method for H_(2)O_(2) production is associated with a highly energy-consuming and heavily polluting process.Solor-driven photocatalytic evolution of H_(2)O_(2) is a promising,eco-friendly,and energy-efficient strategy that holds great potential to substitute the traditional approach.Here,a ternary photocatalyst,NiS/CdS/Halloysite nanotubes(NiS/CdS/HNTs)is designed and prepared with an earth-abundant clay mineral HNTs as the support and NiS as a co-catalyst.The pivotal roles of HNTs and NiS in the photocatalytic process are elucidated by experiments and theoretical calculations.HNTs serve as the carrier,which allows CdS to be uniformly dispersed onto its surface as small particles,increasing effective contact with H_(2)O and O_(2) for H_(2)O_(2) formation.Simultaneously,it resulted in the formation of a Schottky junction between NiS and CdS,which not only favors photogenerated charges separating efficiently but also provides a unidirectional path to transfer electrons.Consequently,the optimized NiS/CdS/HNTs composite demonstrates an H_(2)O_(2) evolution rate of 380.5μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) without adding any sacrificial agent or extra O_(2),nearly 5.0 times that of pure CdS.This work suggests a feasible idea for designing and developing highly active and low-cost solar energy catalytic composite materials.展开更多
With the objectives of enhancing the stability,optical properties and visible-light photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts,we modified oxygen vacancy-rich zinc oxide（Vo-ZnO） with graphitic carbon nitride（g-C3N4...With the objectives of enhancing the stability,optical properties and visible-light photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts,we modified oxygen vacancy-rich zinc oxide（Vo-ZnO） with graphitic carbon nitride（g-C3N4）. The resulting g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalysts showed higher visible-light photocatalytic activity than pure Vo-ZnO and g-C3N4. The hybrid photocatalyst with a g-C3N4 content of 1 wt% exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation activity under visible-light irradiation（λ≥ 400 nm）. In addition,the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO photocatalyst was not deactivated after five cycles of methyl orange degradation,indicating that it is stable under light irradiation. Finally,a Z-scheme mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability of the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalyst was proposed. The fast charge separation and transport within the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalyst were attributed as the origins of its enhanced photocatalytic performance.展开更多
A stable PNIPAM/Fe_3O_4/g-C_3N_4 composite photocatalyst was designed and prepared by a thermal photoinitiation technology.The structure and properties of the materials were characterized and the composite photocataly...A stable PNIPAM/Fe_3O_4/g-C_3N_4 composite photocatalyst was designed and prepared by a thermal photoinitiation technology.The structure and properties of the materials were characterized and the composite photocatalyst was found to show good stability for tetracycline degradation.The sample not only retained the magnetic properties of Fe_3O_4,allowing it to be recycled,but its photocatalytic properties could also be changed by controlling the temperature of the reaction system.The degradation intermediate products of tetracycline were further investigated by MS.This work provides a new facile strategy for the development of intelligent and recyclable photocatalytic materials.展开更多
Ag3PO4 is found to be a highly efficient photocatalyst and receives great attention. The high activity of the photocatalyst is credited to the intrinsic electronic structure. The morphology control and nano-composite ...Ag3PO4 is found to be a highly efficient photocatalyst and receives great attention. The high activity of the photocatalyst is credited to the intrinsic electronic structure. The morphology control and nano-composite fabrication are used to improve the performance and practicability. This paper reviews the structure, properties and some theoretical aspects of Ag3PO4 single crystal. Also, the major strategies, namely the morphology control and hetero-nanostructure construction, as ways to improve the performance of Ag3PO4-based photocatalysts, are summarized with the aid of some typical instances.展开更多
文摘The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications,including drug delivery,tissue engineering,cancer therapy,and bioimaging.Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms,which serve as a benchmark for researchers.However,reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task.It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically.By utilizing light energy,these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions,leading to targeted drug release,enhanced tissue regeneration,and precise imaging of biological structures.In this context,addressing the stability,long-term performance,scalability,and costeffectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications.While challenges such as complexity and stability persist,their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research.The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research,highlighting the advancements,current challenges,advantages,limitations,and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22077099,22171223 and 22307102)the Innovation Capability Support Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-CX-TD-75 and 2022KJXX-32)+5 种基金the Technology Innovation Leading Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023KXJ-209 and 2024QCYKXJ-142)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(Nos.2023-JC-YB-141 and 2022JQ-151)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(No.2024GH-ZDXM-22)Young Talent Fund of Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(No.SWYY202206)the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(Nos.22JHZ010 and 22JHQ080)the Yan’an City Science and Technology Project(No.2022SLZDCY-002).
文摘Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) provide great prospective in the photodegradation of pollutants. Nevertheless, the poor separation and recovery hamper their pilot-or industrial-scare applications because of their microcrystalline features. Herein, this challenge can be tackled by integrating Cu-MOFs into an alginate substrate to offer environmentally friendly, sustainable, facile separation, and high-performance MOF-based hydrogel photocatalysis platforms. The CuⅡ-MOF 1 and CuⅠ-MOF 2 were initially synthesized through a direct diffusion and single-crystal to single-crystal(SCSC) transformation method, respectively,and after the immobilization into alginate, more effective pollutant decontamination was achieved via the synergistic effect of the adsorption feature of hydrogel and in situ photodegradation of Cu-MOFs.Specifically, Cu-MOF-alginate composites present an improved and nearly completed Cr(Ⅵ) elimination at a short time of 15–25 min. Additionally, the congo red(CR) decolorization can be effectively enhanced in the presence of Cr(Ⅵ), and 1-alginate showed superior simultaneous decontamination efficiency of CR and Cr(Ⅵ) with 99% and 78%, respectively. Furthermore, Cu-MOF-alginate composites can maintain a high pollutant removal after over 10 continuous cycles(95% for Cr(Ⅵ) after 14 runs, and 90% for CR after 10runs). Moreover, the Cr(Ⅵ)/CR degradation mechanism for Cu-MOF-alginate composite was investigated.
文摘The issues of fossil energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by the excessive consumption of conventional fossil fuels necessitates the exploration of renewable and clean energy sources such as hydrogen,which is viable alternative to traditional energy sources in view of its high energy density and nonpolluting nature.In this regard,photocatalytic technology powered by inexhaustible solar energy is an ideal hydrogen production method.The recently developed copper-and zinc-based multinary metal sulfide(MMS)semiconductor photocatalysts exhibit the advantages of suitable bandgap,wide light-harvesting range,and flexible elemental composition,thus possessing great potential for achieving considerable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution(PHE)performance.Despite great progress has been achieved,the current photocatalysts still cannot meet the commercial application demands,which highlights the mechanisms understanding and optimization strategies for efficient PHE.Herein,the basic mechanisms of PHE,and effective optimization strategies are firstly introduced.Afterwards,the research process and the performance of copper-and zinc-based MMS photocatalysts,are thoroughly reviewed.Finally,the unresolved issues,and challenges hindering the achievement of overall water splitting have been discussed.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of ShanDong(Nos.ZR2023QD152 and ZR2021MD002).
文摘The application of photocatalytic technology in algae killing is limited by the non-floatability and difficulty in recycling of the photocatalysts.Loading photocatalyst on magnetic or floatable carriers is the most popular method for overcoming the above inadequacies.In this work,a CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalyst with adjustable suspended depth(include floating)and flexible assembly is designed,which is less prone to dislodgement due to in situ synthesis and has a wider range of applicability than previously reported photocatalysts.The photocatalytic removal of Microcystis aeruginosa revealed that the suspended depth and distribution format of the CdZnS/TiO_(2) membrane photocatalysts have striking effects on the photocatalytic removal performance of Microcystis aeruginosa,the photocatalytic removal efficiency of CdZnS/TiO_(2)-2 membrane photocatalysts for Microcystis aeruginosa could reach to 98.6%in 60 min when the photocatalysts assembled in the form of 3×3 arrays suspended at a depth of 2 cm from the liquid surface.A tiny amount of TiO_(2) loading allows the formation of Z-Scheme heterojunction,resulting in accelerating the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers,preserving the photogenerated electrons and holes with stronger reduction and oxidation ability and inhabiting the photo-corrosion of CdZnS.
文摘A novel nitrogen-doped graphene(NG)supporting magnetic nanoparticles(Fe and Fe_(3)C)was synthesized from g-C_(3)N_(4)and Fe(C_(5)H_(5))_(2).When used as a photocatalyst exposed to visible light,the material was excellent in degrading tetracycline(TC)in aqueous solutions.Scanning electron microscopy indicated that it had a folded sheet structure,with numerous nanoparticles observed on graphene sheets.Raman spectroscopy confirmed the presence of significant defects in the material,which suppressed the recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.The performance and degradation mechanism of the photocatalyst was verified using a series of optical and electrochemical experiments and theoretical calculations.The degradation efficiency of the catalyst for TC was as high as 97.1%in 120 min under visible light irradiation,which is superior to other reported catalysts.A mechanism study showed that TC is rapidly degraded into CO_(2),H_(2)O and other small inorganic molecules,with holes(h^(+))serving as the primary driving force.The catalyst had an outstanding stability and reusability,and could be easily recovered using an external magnetic field.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22176012,51878023)BUCEA Post Graduate Innovation Project(No.PG2023057)BUCEA Doctor Graduate Scientific Research Ability Improvement Project(No.DG2024022)。
文摘The nano-MOF-303 synthesized by microwave method exhibited efficient adsorption capacity(232 mg/g)toward Ag^(+),in which the adsorption behaviors were fitted by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and the Freundlich isotherm model.The outstanding Ag^(+)sorption ability of nano-MOF-303 could be contributed to electrostatic interactions,weak coordination interaction of Ag-N,and Ag Cl precipitates originating from the stored Cl^(-)in nano-MOF-303.Besides the adsorbent regeneration,the formed Ag/Ag Cl onto nano-MOF-303 could produce Ag/Ag Cl/MOF-303 as a photocatalyst for sulfamethoxazole degradation under visible light.In this work,both the adsorption and photocatalysis mechanisms were clarified,which might provide insight to develop more effective adsorbents for mining the critical resource from the wastewater.
基金financial support provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22262024)research start-up funding from Changzhou University(No.ZMF23020031)+1 种基金the technical support from the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology,Jiangxi Province Academic and Technical Leader of Major Disciplines(No.20232BCJ22008)Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(No.20232ACB204007)。
文摘The development of efficient green energy technology is imperative in the face of energy crises and environmental concerns.Photocatalysis,which utilizes solar energy for processes such as carbon dioxide(CO_(2)) reduction,organic pollutants degradation,and hydrogen(H_(2)) production through water splitting,is a promising approach.The key to high-efficiency photocatalysis lies in the design of superior photocatalysts.Graphene quantum dots(GQDs) have sparked significant interest in photocatalysis due to their exceptional up conversion photoluminescence(UCPL),strong light-capturing capability,and unique photoinduced charge transfer properties.However,their standalone use is limited by stability and activity.By integrating GQDs into composite photocatalysts,the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs is enhanced,boosting photocatalytic performance.This review provides the first overview and summary of the preparation methods of GQDs in photocatalysts,encompassing top-down and bottom-up strategy.Subsequently,a pioneering detailed summary was made on the applications of GQDs-semiconductor composites(metal organic frameworks,CdS,and bismuth-based oxides,etc.) in photocatalytic reactions such as CO_(2) reduction,organic pollutant degradation,and H_(2) generation.Furthermore,the corresponding representative examples and mechanisms are also elaborated and discussed respectively.Finally,the challenges and prospects for GQDs-based photocatalysts in the field of photocatalysis are proposed.This review provides inspiration and guidance for the development of efficient GQDs-based photocatalysts.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22071222,22171249)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Nos.232300421363,242300420526)+2 种基金Key Research Projects of Universities in Henan Province(No.23A180010)Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(No.23HASTIT003)Science and Technology Research and Development Plan Joint Fund of Henan Province(No.242301420006)。
文摘The photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT)process has been extensively investigated,however,the recovery of photocatalysts has remained a persistent challenge in the field.In light of this issue,a novel approach involving the development of iron-based ionic liquids as photocatalysts has been pursued for the first time,with the goal of simultaneously facilitating the LMCT process and addressing the issue of photocatalyst recovery.Remarkably,the iron-based ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate(C_(4)mim-Fe Cl_(4))demonstrates exceptional recyclability and stability for the photocatalytic hydroacylation of olefins.This study will pave the way for new approaches to photocatalytic organic synthesis using ionic liquids as recyclable photocatalysts.
文摘Human society is currently facing significant and pressing issues in the form of serious environmental pollution and energy shortages,which have arisen owing to the rapid development of the economy and contemporary industry.Photocatalysis has considerable potential as a viable technique for providing sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources.The use of lanthanide-based photocatalysts on supporting substrates has garnered significant attention over the past decade within the scope of organic pollution remediation.Owing to its unique and promising bandgap,electrical conductivity,and stability,traditional GdVO_(4)exhibits remarkable photocatalytic performance with ongoing advances and advancements.This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the modification techniques employed for GdVO_(4)-based photocatalysts,with a specific focus on their application in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants.The supplied information provides a concise overview of current obstacles,limitations,advancements,mechanisms,and potential prospects for new opportunities.This review is anticipated to provide a significant reference and scientific justification for the active development of GdVO_(4)-based materials for environmental applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52173155)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province(Nos.YDZJ202101ZYTS130,YDZJ202101ZYTS059)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(Nos.cstc2021jcyj-msxmX1076,cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0798).
文摘A self-standing dual-electric field synergistic[TiO_(2)/polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)]//[g-C3 N4 tube/PVDF]Janus nanofibres(named as[TP]//[CTP]JNs)S-scheme heterostructure piezoelectric photocatalyst is designed and constructed via conjugative electrospinning.Dual-fields of built-in electric fields supplied by S-scheme heterostructure and piezoelectric field formed by PVDF jointly boost separation and transfer of photo-induced charges.As a case study,piezoelectric photocatalytic efficiency of[TP]//[CTP]JNs for tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH)under ultrasonic united with simulated sunlight illumination is 93.35%(40 min),which is 1.39 times of the photocatalytic efficiency(light illumination only)and 5.32 times of piezoelectric catalytic efficiency(applying ultrasonic only),proving the advantages of the synergistic effect of piezoelectric catalysis and photocatalysis on contaminant degradation.The dynamic behaviors of photocatalysis and photo-generated charges are deeply revealed through fs-TA and TRPL decay spectra,and the degradation pathways of antibiotics are reasonably speculated by combining LCMS spectra with Fukui index.By the degradation ability,COMSOL simulation and DFT calculation,the structural advantage of Janus nanofibers is fully verified,and S-scheme charge transfer mechanism is confirmed by combining a series of sound ample experiments with theoretical calculations.Additionally,the construction mechanism of Janus nanofibers is proposed,and corresponding construction technique is established.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 52170030 and 52200049)State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(Harbin Institute of Technology) (No. 2024TS28)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central UniversitiesYoung Scientist Studio of Harbin Institute of Technology
文摘Solar-driven(or light-driven)production of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))from water(H_(2)O)and molecular oxygen(O_(2))has recently received increasing attention as a green and sustainable alternative to conventional methods.However,the field of photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production is still in its infancy,primarily because of limited H_(2)O_(2)production efficiency.Over the past few years,a wide range of inorganic,organic,and organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts have been developed via diverse synthetic and modification strategies to increase the H_(2)O_(2)yield.Among them,organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts have shown higher H_(2)O_(2)production performance than single-component systems;at the same time,the advancements and challenges of these hybrid systems have not been comprehensively reviewed.Therefore,this review summarizes the advantages/limitations,recent progress,and potential challenges of organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts for H_(2)O_(2)production.First,we elucidate the superiority of the photocatalytic H_(2)O_(2)production over the conventional anthraquinone oxidation process.Then,we summarize the advantages and limitations of inorganic,organic,and organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts and discuss in detail the design,synthetic strategies,and photochemical properties of organic-inorganic hybrid photocatalysts.Finally,this review outlines the challenges and outlook for future research in this emerging area.
文摘Photocatalysis is a crucial technique for environmental cleanup and renewable energy generation.Polymer-based photocatalysts have attracted interest due to their adaptability,adjustable chemical characteristics,and enhanced light absorption efficiency.Unlike traditional inorganic photocatalysts,we can optimize polymeric systems to enhance photocatalytic efficiency and yield significant advantages in environmental remediation and energy conversion applications.This study talks about the latest developments in polymer-based photocatalysts and how important they are for cleaning water,breaking down pollutants,and making renewable energy through processes like hydrogen production and CO_(2) reduction.These materials are proficient in degrading harmful pollutants such as organic colours,insecticides,and medications,transforming them into innocuous byproducts.Moreover,its use in solar-driven water splitting for hydrogen production and CO_(2) reduction provides a sustainable solution to global energy and environmental issues.These photocatalysts are much more effective and last longer thanks to progress in polymer chemistry,nano-structuring,and hybridization with materials like semiconductors and metal nanoparticles.The research underscores the promise of polymer photocatalysts for extensive environmental applications due to their cost-efficiency,ease of separation,and reusability.Future research endeavors seek to optimize polymeric photocatalyst systems for improved stability and performance,hence advancing sustainable solutions for critical environmental and energy challenges.
基金sponsored in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21477167)the Science and Technology Research Plan Program of Henan Province(Nos.222102320328,232102210075,232102320137)the Key Science Research Program Foundation of High Education Schools of Henan Province(No.23B610010).
文摘The present levels of CO_(2)emission in the atmosphere require the development of technologies to achieve carbon neutrality using inexpensive processes.Conversion of CO_(2)into cyclic carbonates is one of the solutions to this problem.Here,we synthesized a ZnV_(2)O_(6)/Bi_(2)WO_(6)nanocomposite and catalyzed the cycloaddition of CO_(2)to epoxides for the green synthesis of cyclic carbonates under visible light irradiation.The present nanocomposite photocatalyst exhibited up to 96%yield of cyclic carbonates.The photocatalyst was found to be efficient for photocatalytic cycloaddition reactions,and the recovered photocatalyst showed stability in up to five consecutive photocatalytic experiments.The current methodology of cyclic carbonate production is a significant step toward the mitigation of atmospheric CO_(2)and can work well with the development of nanocomposite photocatalysts.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22279060 and 21975129)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20211103)+1 种基金the Start-up Funds for Scientific Research of Nanjing Forestry University(No.163101160)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.JC2019002)
文摘CO_(2)emissions are key contributors to global climate change,leading to temperature increases and sealevel rise.Converting CO_(2)into valuable products is beneficial for meeting'Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality'goals.Photocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)to produce liquid fuels is of great significance for both CO_(2)reduction and storage/transportation of high-value chemicals.However,so far,there is no relevant literature to summarize photocatalysts for CO_(2)conversion to obtain liquid products.Based on the thermodynamic examination of the catalytic process and basic principles guiding the design of the photocatalysts,this review summarized photocatalysts for the CO_(2)conversion into four liquid products:formic acid,methanol,acetic acid and ethanol.Based on this,strategic development goals are outlined,and innovative strategies are proposed to enhance the efficiency and product selectivity of photocatalysts in converting CO_(2)into liquid products.This review will serve as a valuable reference for CO_(2)photo conversion into liquid products.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51902101,22479079)Innovation Support Programme(Soft Science Research)Project Achievements of Jiangsu Province(BK20231514)+3 种基金the Youth Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2021JJ40044)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20201381)Science Foundation of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Nos.NY219144,NY221046)the National College Student Innovation and Entrepre-neurship Training Program(No.202210293083Y).
文摘In recent years,the development of wafer-level GaN nanowires photocatalyst loaded onto silicon substrates has progressed rapidly depending on its simplicity of instrumentation,collection and separation from the water.Accordingly,the wafer-level GaN-based nanowires(GaN NWs)photocatalyst can be a fabulous candidate for the application in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction(PHER)and provides a novel route to address the environmental and energy crisis.Herein,a range of innovative strategies to improve the performance of GaN NWs photocatalyst are systematically summarized.Then,the solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency,the characteristics of GaN NWs system,the cost of the origin material required,as well as the stability,activity and the corrosion resistance to seawater are discussed in detail as some of the essential conditions for advancing its large-scale industry-friendly application.Last but not least,we provide the potential application of this system for splitting seawater to produce hydrogen and point out the direction for overcoming the barriers to future industrial-scale implementation.
文摘Storing solar energy in battery systems is crucial to achieving a green and sustainable society.However,the efficient development of photo-enhanced zinc-air batteries(ZABs)is limited by the rapid recombination of photogenerated carriers on the photocathode.In this work,the visible-light-driven CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst with unique petal-like layer structure was designed and developed,which can be used as air electrode for visible-light-driven ZABs.The superior performance of ZABs assembled by CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)was mainly attributed to the successful construction of Schottky heterojunction between g-C_(3)N_(4)and carbon nanotubes(CNTs),which accelerates the transfer of electrons from g-C_(3)N_(4)to CoS_(2)/CuS cocatalysts,improves the carrier separation ability,and extends the carrier lifetime.Thereinto,the visible-driven ZABs assembled by CoS_(2)/CuS@CNT-C_(3)N_(4)photocatalyst has a power density of 588.90 mW cm^(-2) and a charge-discharge cycle of 643 h under visible light irradiation,which is the highest performance ever reported for photo-enhanced ZABs.More importantly,the charge-discharge voltage drop of ZABs was only 0.54 V under visible light irradiation,which is significantly lower than the voltage drop(0.94 V)in the dark.This study provides a new idea for designing efficient and stable visible-light-driven ZABs cathode catalysts.
文摘Hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),an environmentally friendly chemical with high value,is extensively used in industrial production and daily life.However,the traditional anthraquinone method for H_(2)O_(2) production is associated with a highly energy-consuming and heavily polluting process.Solor-driven photocatalytic evolution of H_(2)O_(2) is a promising,eco-friendly,and energy-efficient strategy that holds great potential to substitute the traditional approach.Here,a ternary photocatalyst,NiS/CdS/Halloysite nanotubes(NiS/CdS/HNTs)is designed and prepared with an earth-abundant clay mineral HNTs as the support and NiS as a co-catalyst.The pivotal roles of HNTs and NiS in the photocatalytic process are elucidated by experiments and theoretical calculations.HNTs serve as the carrier,which allows CdS to be uniformly dispersed onto its surface as small particles,increasing effective contact with H_(2)O and O_(2) for H_(2)O_(2) formation.Simultaneously,it resulted in the formation of a Schottky junction between NiS and CdS,which not only favors photogenerated charges separating efficiently but also provides a unidirectional path to transfer electrons.Consequently,the optimized NiS/CdS/HNTs composite demonstrates an H_(2)O_(2) evolution rate of 380.5μmol·g^(-1)·h^(-1) without adding any sacrificial agent or extra O_(2),nearly 5.0 times that of pure CdS.This work suggests a feasible idea for designing and developing highly active and low-cost solar energy catalytic composite materials.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2011CB933700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21271165)~~
文摘With the objectives of enhancing the stability,optical properties and visible-light photocatalytic activity of photocatalysts,we modified oxygen vacancy-rich zinc oxide（Vo-ZnO） with graphitic carbon nitride（g-C3N4）. The resulting g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalysts showed higher visible-light photocatalytic activity than pure Vo-ZnO and g-C3N4. The hybrid photocatalyst with a g-C3N4 content of 1 wt% exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation activity under visible-light irradiation（λ≥ 400 nm）. In addition,the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO photocatalyst was not deactivated after five cycles of methyl orange degradation,indicating that it is stable under light irradiation. Finally,a Z-scheme mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability of the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalyst was proposed. The fast charge separation and transport within the g-C3N4/Vo-ZnO hybrid photocatalyst were attributed as the origins of its enhanced photocatalytic performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470434,21406090,21576124,21676124,21507047)the Project of Science and Technology Development Plan of Taicang(TC2015NY05)~~
文摘A stable PNIPAM/Fe_3O_4/g-C_3N_4 composite photocatalyst was designed and prepared by a thermal photoinitiation technology.The structure and properties of the materials were characterized and the composite photocatalyst was found to show good stability for tetracycline degradation.The sample not only retained the magnetic properties of Fe_3O_4,allowing it to be recycled,but its photocatalytic properties could also be changed by controlling the temperature of the reaction system.The degradation intermediate products of tetracycline were further investigated by MS.This work provides a new facile strategy for the development of intelligent and recyclable photocatalytic materials.
文摘Ag3PO4 is found to be a highly efficient photocatalyst and receives great attention. The high activity of the photocatalyst is credited to the intrinsic electronic structure. The morphology control and nano-composite fabrication are used to improve the performance and practicability. This paper reviews the structure, properties and some theoretical aspects of Ag3PO4 single crystal. Also, the major strategies, namely the morphology control and hetero-nanostructure construction, as ways to improve the performance of Ag3PO4-based photocatalysts, are summarized with the aid of some typical instances.
