Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.He...Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.Herein,we report an effective strategy to activate the visible-light photoactivity of chromiumimplanted TiO_(2) via the incorporation of oxygen vacancies.The chromium-doped TiO_(2) activated by oxygen vacancies(Cr-TiO_(2)-vac)exhibited an incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency(IPCE)of~6.8%at450 nm,which is one of the best values reported for metal-doped TiO_(2).Moreover,Cr-TiO_(2)-vac showed no obvious photocurrent decay after 100 h under visible-light illumination.展开更多
Effects of La, N, and P doping on the structural, electronic and optical properties of TiO_2 synthesized from TiCl_4 hydrolysis via a microwave-hydrothermal process were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission...Effects of La, N, and P doping on the structural, electronic and optical properties of TiO_2 synthesized from TiCl_4 hydrolysis via a microwave-hydrothermal process were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N_2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy, photoelectrochemical measurements, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the presence of La in the tri-doped TiO_2 played a predominant role in inhibiting the recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes. The existence of the substitutional N, interstitial N, and oxygen vacancies in TiO_2 lattices led to the band gap narrowing. It was P-doping rather than La or N doping that played a key role in inhibiting both anatase-to-rutile phase transformation and crystal growth, in stabilizing the mesoporous textural properties, and in increasing the content of surface bridging hydroxyl. Moreover, the tri-doping significantly enhanced the surface Ti^（4＋）-O^（2-）-Ti^（4＋）-O^（-·） species. All above-mentioned factors cooperated to result in the enhanced photoactivity of the tri-doped TiO_2. As a result, it exhibited the highest photoactivity towards the degradation of 4-chlorophenol（4-CP） under visible-light irradiation among all samples, which was much superior to commercial P25 TiO_2.展开更多
Photosensitizer （photosan）-encapsulated micelles were prepared by self-assembly of Photosan with two amphiphilic polysaccharide derivatives, including the cholesteryl conjugated sodium alginate derivative （CSAD） a...Photosensitizer （photosan）-encapsulated micelles were prepared by self-assembly of Photosan with two amphiphilic polysaccharide derivatives, including the cholesteryl conjugated sodium alginate derivative （CSAD） and the deoxycholic acid group conjugated chitosan derivative （DA-Chit）. The results of UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the hydrogen bonding strength dominated the micelle formation. Methyl viologen was used as a model quencher of photosan. Using the steady-state fluorescence technology, the quenching constants were determined to be 2.05, 1.88 and 0.30 L/mmol for the free photosan, the photosan-CSAD micelle and the photosan-DA-Chit micelle, respectively. This suggested that photosan was protected from quenching of methyl viologen by the polysaccharide micelles. In addition, the protection effect of the photosan-DA-Chit micelle was significantly stronger than that of the photosan-CSAD micelle. The photosan-DA-Chit micelle is thus anticipated for protection of photoactivity of photosan during the blood circulation process in vivo.展开更多
The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffractio...The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal and thermogravimetric(DTA–TG)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)method,ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV–vis DRS),and photoluminescence(PL).The XRD and DTA–TG results expose that the YFAg–TS catalyst is a mixed phase consisting of anatase,rutile,and chlorargyrite,which is beneficial to improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO_(2).The SEM,TEM,and BET results disclose that the YFAg–TS film has smaller nanoparticles,higher specific surface area,and narrower pore size compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The XRD and TEM results exhibit that a part of yttrium can enter the TiO_(2)lattice to induce lattice distortion.The XPS results confirm the presence of Y^(3+)state in the YFAg–TS sample,and Y^(3+)ions can act as the trapping site of electrons to expedite the separation of electrons and holes.The UV–vis DRS results reveal that the YFAg–TS film has an obvious absorption edge shift and a narrower bandgap(2.70 eV)compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The PL results show that the YFAg–TS film has the highest photogenerated electrons and holes separation efficiency and charges transfer efficiency among all samples.The photocatalytic activity of the YFAg–TS was assessed by monitoring the degradation of methyl green and formaldehyde solution.The results manifest that the YFAg–TS film has high stability and excellent photocatalytic performance.The possible synergistic photocatalytic mechanism of YFAg–TS films has been discussed in this paper.展开更多
An effective structural codoping approach is proposed to modify the photoelectrochemical （PEC） properties of anatase TiO2 by being doped with nonmetal （N or/and C） and transition metal （Re） elements. The electro...An effective structural codoping approach is proposed to modify the photoelectrochemical （PEC） properties of anatase TiO2 by being doped with nonmetal （N or/and C） and transition metal （Re） elements. The electronic structures and for- mation energies of different doped systems are investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory. We find that （C, Re） doped TiO2, with a low formation energy and a large binding energy, reduces the band gap to a large extent, thus it could contribute to the significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity in the visible-light region. It should be pointed out that, to be successful, the proper proportion of the dopants C and Re should be controlled, so that reasonable PEC properties can be achieved.展开更多
A novel reactive metallophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine)aminophthalocyanine (Zn-TDTAPc), was prepared and immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) by covalent bonding to o...A novel reactive metallophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine)aminophthalocyanine (Zn-TDTAPc), was prepared and immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) by covalent bonding to obtain a thermosensitive polymer (Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm). Compared with zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine (Zn-TAPc), Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm exhibits excellent solubility in water and in most organic solvents. Furthermore, it has a special thermosensitive property in water and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is 34.1°C. It was found that both dissolved and precipitated Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm present high photoactivity evidenced by the experiment of photocatalytic degradation of 1, 3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) in the presence of Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm. These properties suggest that it can be used potentially in photodynamic therapy (PDT).展开更多
Silicon nanowires （SiNWs） have been widely studied as light harvesting antennas in photocatalysts due to their ability to absorb broad-spectrum solar radiation, but they are typically limited by poor photoelectroche...Silicon nanowires （SiNWs） have been widely studied as light harvesting antennas in photocatalysts due to their ability to absorb broad-spectrum solar radiation, but they are typically limited by poor photoelectrochemical stability. Here, we report the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-SiNW （rGO-SiNW） heterostructures to achieve greatly improved photocatalytic activity and stability. The SiNWs were synthesized through a metal-assisted electroless etching process and functionalized with reduced graphene oxide （rGO） flakes through a chemical absorption process. Here, the rGO not only functions as a physical protection layer to isolate the SiNWs from the harsh electrochemical environment but also serves as a charge mediator to facilitate the charge separation and transport processes. Furthermore, the rGO may also function as a redox catalyst to ensure efficient utilization of photo-carriers for the desired chemical reactions. Photocatalytic dye degradation studies show that the photoactivity of the heterostructures can be significantly enhanced with an initial activation process and maintained without apparent decay over repeated reaction cycles. Electrochemical and photo- electrochemical studies indicate that the enhanced photoactivity and photostability can be attributed to the more efficient separation of photoexcited charge carriers in SiNWs and the reduced self-oxidation of the surface of the SiNWs during the photocatalytic dye degradation process. The ability to significantly improve the photocatalytic activity and stability in rGO-SiNW heterostructures can not only lead to more opportunities for the application of silicon-based photocatalysts/ photoelectrodes for solar energy harvesting but also provide new insights into the stabilization of other unstable photocatalytic展开更多
A zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(methacryloyl moiety)aminophthalocyanine (MeZnAPc) (with a double bond) was synthesized by the reaction between zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine (ZnTAPc) and methacry...A zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(methacryloyl moiety)aminophthalocyanine (MeZnAPc) (with a double bond) was synthesized by the reaction between zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine (ZnTAPc) and methacryloyl chloride. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was employed as the polymerization technique to obtain a novel pH-responsive poly- meric photosensitizer (PEGIlo-b-P(DPA,rco-MeZnAPcm)) by copolymerizing of methoxypolyethylene glycols (MPEG) (as reducing agent), 2-(isopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DPA) and MeZnAPc. This photosensitizer was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, ~H NMR, etc. The results indicated that the photosensitizer presented the well pH-responsive be- havior around the pH range 6.0-6.5 and the high photoactivity to 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). The result of photoca- talysis oxidation of L-tryptophan (L-Try) suggested that zinc phthalocyanine could present high photoactivity due to its disper- sivity at pH 5.5 without formation of micelles, and its photoactivity decreased dramatically at pH 7.4 due to wrapping ZnTAPc into the micelles. Therefore, the novel pH-responsive polymeric photosensitizer has better application prospects in the field of photodynamic therapy.展开更多
Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these...Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.展开更多
Metal nanoclusters with well-defined atomic structures offer significant promise in the field of catalysis due to their sub-nanometer size and tunable organic-inorganic hybrid structural features.Herein,we successfull...Metal nanoclusters with well-defined atomic structures offer significant promise in the field of catalysis due to their sub-nanometer size and tunable organic-inorganic hybrid structural features.Herein,we successfully synthesized an 11-core copper(Ⅰ)-alkynyl nanocluster(Cu11),which is stabilized by alkynyl ligands derived from a photosensitive rhodamine dye molecule.Notably,this Cu11cluster exhibited excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity(8.13 mmol g-1h-1)even in the absence of a mediator and noble metal co-catalyst.Furthermore,when Cu11clusters were loaded onto the surface of TiO_(2)nanosheets,the resultant Cu11@TiO_(2)nanocomposites exhibited a significant enhancement in hydrogen evolution efficiency,which is 60 times higher than that of pure TiO_(2)nanosheets.The incorporation of Cu11clusters within the Cu11@TiO_(2)effectively inhibits the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,thereby accelerating the charge separation and migration in the composite material.This work introduces a novel perspective for designing highly active copper cluster-based photocatalysts.展开更多
A photocatalyst composed of TiO 2 nanotube arrays（TNTs） and octahedral Cu2 O nanoparticles was fabricated,and its performance in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under visible and simulated solar irradiation was ...A photocatalyst composed of TiO 2 nanotube arrays（TNTs） and octahedral Cu2 O nanoparticles was fabricated,and its performance in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under visible and simulated solar irradiation was studied. The average nanotube diameter and length was 100 nm and 5 μm,respectively. The different amount of octahedral Cu2 O modified TNTs were obtained by varying electrochemical deposition time. TNTs modified with an optimized amount of Cu2 O nanoparticles exhibited high efficiency in the photocatalysis,and the predominant hydrocarbon product was methane. The methane yield increased with increasing Cu2 O content of the catalyst up to a certain deposition time,and decreased with further increase in Cu2 O deposition time. Insufficient deposition time（5 min） resulted in a small amount of Cu2 O nanoparticles on the TNTs,leading to the disadvantage of harvesting light. However,excess deposition time（45 min） gave rise to entire TNT surface being most covered with Cu2 O nanoparticles with large sizes,inconvenient for the transport of photo-generated carriers. The highest methane yield under simulated solar and visible light irradiation was observed for the catalysts prepared at a Cu2 O deposition time of 15 and 30 min respectively. The morphology,crystallization,photoresponse and electrochemical properties of the catalyst were characterized to understand the mechanism of its high photocatalytic activity. The TNT structure provided abundant active sites for the adsorption of reactants,and promoted the transport of photogenerated carriers that improved charge separation. Modifying the TNTs with octahedral Cu2 O nanoparticles promoted light absorption,and prevented the hydrocarbon product from oxidation. These factors provided the Cu2O-modified TNT photocatalyst with high efficiency in the reduction of CO2,without requiring co-catalysts or sacrificial agents.展开更多
A possible mechanism for boosting the visible-light photoactivities of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)nanosheets for CO2 reduction via coupling with the electron donor Co-metal-organic framework(MOF)is proposed in th...A possible mechanism for boosting the visible-light photoactivities of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)nanosheets for CO2 reduction via coupling with the electron donor Co-metal-organic framework(MOF)is proposed in this study.Specifically,Co-MOF as an electron donor is capable of transferring the photogenerated electrons in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)to the conduction band of g-C3N4 to facilitate charge separation.As expected,the prepared Co-MOF/g-C3N4 nanocomposites display excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction activities.The CO production rate of 6.75μmol g–1 h–1 and CH4 evolution rate of 5.47μmol g–1 h–1 are obtained,which are approximately 2 times those obtained with the original g-C3N4 under the same conditions.Based on a series of analyses,it is shown that the introduction of Co-MOF not only broadens the range of visible-light absorption but also enhances the charge separation,which improves the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 to a higher level.In particular,the hydroxyl radical(·OH)experiment was operated under 590 nm(single-wavelength)irradiation,which further proved that the photogenerated electrons in the LUMO of Co-MOF can successfully migrate to g-C3N4.This work may provide an important strategy for the design of highly efficient g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.展开更多
ZnTi-layered double hydroxides（LDHs） with varying Zn/Ti ratio have been synthesized by coprecipitation of zinc and titanium salts from homogeneous solution.The obtained ZnTi-LDHs possess high crystallinity and hiera...ZnTi-layered double hydroxides（LDHs） with varying Zn/Ti ratio have been synthesized by coprecipitation of zinc and titanium salts from homogeneous solution.The obtained ZnTi-LDHs possess high crystallinity and hierarchical structure with improved UV-absorbance property.The UV-vis spectra show that the UV absorbing properties of ZnTi-LDHs is stronger and broader than both MgAl-LDH and ZnAl-LDH due to the existence of Ti.Moreover,the UV absorption property increased with the content of Ti,which can be ascribed to the decrease in the band gap energy,as clearly confirmed by density functional theory calculations.When irradiated by UV rays,the property of the samples with generated free radicals（OH^·and O2^·） was evaluated by means of electron spin resonance（EPR）.ZnTi-LDHs generated a relatively lower active radicals in contrast with TiO2 and ZnO,which implied an increased safety used as sunscreens.Therefore,this work provides a detailed understanding of UV shielding properties of ZnTiLDHs which was unrevealed previously,and demonstrates the expansive application prospects of ZnTiLDHs in the field of sunscreens.展开更多
In this paper, we demonstrated that the charge-transfer resistance of photoanode can be calculated through the analysis of its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the photoelectrocatalytic degradation rat...In this paper, we demonstrated that the charge-transfer resistance of photoanode can be calculated through the analysis of its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the photoelectrocatalytic degradation rate of aniline was inversely proportional to the value of charge-transfer resistance of photoelectrodes prepared by thermally oxidation on titanium. The value of charge-transfer resistance is smaller, the higher its photoelectro-activity is.展开更多
Acrylate-terminated poly（lactic acid）（DPLA） was synthesized by polycondensation, using lactic acid, polyalcohol and acrylic acid as the raw materials. The prepolymer products in each process were characterized by ...Acrylate-terminated poly（lactic acid）（DPLA） was synthesized by polycondensation, using lactic acid, polyalcohol and acrylic acid as the raw materials. The prepolymer products in each process were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, GPC and DSC. DPLAs were then formulated with reactive diluent and diphenyl ketone as photoinitiator and photopolymerized into film（FPLA）. Thermal stability and degradation properties of the UV curing PLA film were studied. The results showed that the structures of prepolymer and the performances of the film could be adjusted by changing the types and content of the branching agent polyalcohol. After crosslinking modification, the degradation rate of FPLA was reduced and FPLA had better thermal stability than the pure PLA.展开更多
Ordered titanium dioxide nanotubes （TiOaNTs） modified with indium tin oxide （ITO） films were obtained via magnetron sputtering, in which ITO plate was used as a target, onto the as-anodized titania support followe...Ordered titanium dioxide nanotubes （TiOaNTs） modified with indium tin oxide （ITO） films were obtained via magnetron sputtering, in which ITO plate was used as a target, onto the as-anodized titania support followed by the calcination process. The morphology of fabricated material with deposited oxide was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopies were utilized to characterize crystalline phase and optical properties of prepared samples, whereas X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allowed determining the binding energy of present elements. In the case of titanium, three various oxidation states were identified and also the presence of indium and tin was confirmed. The electrochemical test carried out when the sample was exposed to light allows for selection of the most photoactive material. The highest photocurrent was registered when only 5-nm ITO layer was sputtered, and it equals 256 and 133 μA cm^-2 for the electrode material immersed in 0.5 M KOH and K2SO4 electrolytes, respectively, that is accordingly 3.5 and 4.4 times higher than the one observed for pristine titania. Furthermore, ITO-modified titania exhibits excellent photostability upon prolonged illumination that is of key importance for possible application in light-driven processes.展开更多
Ferrocenium monocations as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerization suffer from a limitation of low absorption and low reactivity under high-pressure Hg lamp. Here, a ferrocenium dication salt, biphenyl bis [...Ferrocenium monocations as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerization suffer from a limitation of low absorption and low reactivity under high-pressure Hg lamp. Here, a ferrocenium dication salt, biphenyl bis [π-cyclopentadienyl）iron] hexafluorophosphate （[bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was synthesized by the ligand exchange reaction between ferrocene and biphenyl. The chemical structure was characterized with FTIR and ^1HNMR. The separation of ferrocenium monocation cyclopentadien-iron-biphenyl hexafluorophosphate （[Cp-Fe-biphenyl] PF6） and dication [bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was carried out by column chromatography. The photoactivity of initiating photopolyinerization of epoxide ER14221 was studied as a cationic photoinitiator. [Bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 can efficiently absorb radiation above 300nm and its photoactivity is higher than that of its monocation.展开更多
Evidence for the long period of a sustainable function of a thermoplastic gel electrolyte (TPGE) consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/I<sub>2</sub>/I<span style="color:#4f4f4f;"><sup>...Evidence for the long period of a sustainable function of a thermoplastic gel electrolyte (TPGE) consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/I<sub>2</sub>/I<span style="color:#4f4f4f;"><sup>-</sup></span> in propylene carbonate (PC) was recorded. The studied photoactive assembly consists of PBTH/FTO/TPGE I<sub>2</sub>/I<span style="color:#4f4f4f;"><sup>-</sup></span>/Platinized FTO. The study showed that the assembly regenerates the expected photoelectrochemical (PEC) quantities such as photocurrent, and other dielectric properties with infrequent use through an elapsed period of 18 months. The behavior of PBTh/occluded with CdS was mentored during this period and showed a similar result. PEC studies indicated the presence of p-p type hole accumulations interface, evident from the initial sharp rise in photocurrent. The change of open circuit potential (d<i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>) indicates that the shortest electron lifetime is 100 ms. The behavioral outcome of the assemblies within the period of study refracts stability of the electrode and the long life cycle of the electrolyte.展开更多
Photocatalyst is the most widespread method in advanced oxidation technologies,but due to the photoinduced electron combine easily with hole and the wavele ngth of adsorption is limited which will affect some practica...Photocatalyst is the most widespread method in advanced oxidation technologies,but due to the photoinduced electron combine easily with hole and the wavele ngth of adsorption is limited which will affect some practical applications.Carbon quantum dots(CQDs)is non-toxic and harmless green materials,it has the ability to improve the photocatalytic effect which is attributed to its good electrical and optical properties.Their up-conversion effect,photosensitization and electrical conductivity are assistants which help promote the photocatalytic effect in environmental applications.The key mechanisms of CQDs to improve photocatalysis can be roughly divided into three categories:1)Up-conversion effect conve rts the incident light into the emitted light with high ene rgy to solve the problem which is the light absorption range;2)CQDs act as a photosensitizer instead of valence band to provide electrons to the conduction band of semiconductor;3)CQD s can be used as the internal or external electronic conductor in materials to alleviate the trend of electron and hole separation.However,CQDs and CQDs-based photocatalysts have different views to solve environmental problems,so it is necessary to integrate different views.Therefore,this review is mainly aimed at the recent researches about the preparation processes of CQD,CQD s-based photocatalysts,and their ability to remove environmental pollutants,with a special emphasis on the mechanism for depredating pollutants.Furthermore,this paper analyzes and discusses the prospects and challenges of CQDs in the environmental field.展开更多
Three diamine monomers with different derivatives of imidazole heterocyclic ring, aryl ethers and electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups in the backbone were synthesized and used in polycodensation reaction with ...Three diamine monomers with different derivatives of imidazole heterocyclic ring, aryl ethers and electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups in the backbone were synthesized and used in polycodensation reaction with various aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids for preparation of a series of novel polyamides （PAs）. The PAs were obtained in high yields and possessed inherent viscosities in the range of 0.26-0.75 dL/g. All of the polymers were amorphous in nature, showed outstanding solubility and could be easily dissolved in amide-type polar aprotic solvents. They showed good thermal stability with glass transition temperatures between 162-302 ℃. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that all polymers were stable, with 10% weight loss recorded above 421 ℃in N2 atmospheres. All the PAs presented fluorescence upon irradiation with ultraviolet light and thus showed promise for applications in electroluminescent devices. The monomers and PAs were also screened for antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1867215,11722543,11875211,U1932134)the Suzhou Key Industrial Technology Innovation Project(SYG201828)+2 种基金the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2019CFA036)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042020kf0211)the financial support from the National Science Foundation(U.S.)under grant no.DMR-2003563。
文摘Although computational studies have demonstrated that metal ion doping can effectively narrow the bandgap of TiO_(2),the visible-light photoactivity of metal-doped TiO_(2) photoanodes is still far from satisfactory.Herein,we report an effective strategy to activate the visible-light photoactivity of chromiumimplanted TiO_(2) via the incorporation of oxygen vacancies.The chromium-doped TiO_(2) activated by oxygen vacancies(Cr-TiO_(2)-vac)exhibited an incident photon-to-electron conversion efficiency(IPCE)of~6.8%at450 nm,which is one of the best values reported for metal-doped TiO_(2).Moreover,Cr-TiO_(2)-vac showed no obvious photocurrent decay after 100 h under visible-light illumination.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(E201323)the Science and Technology Research Program of Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province(12531213)
文摘Effects of La, N, and P doping on the structural, electronic and optical properties of TiO_2 synthesized from TiCl_4 hydrolysis via a microwave-hydrothermal process were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, N_2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy, photoelectrochemical measurements, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The results showed that the presence of La in the tri-doped TiO_2 played a predominant role in inhibiting the recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes. The existence of the substitutional N, interstitial N, and oxygen vacancies in TiO_2 lattices led to the band gap narrowing. It was P-doping rather than La or N doping that played a key role in inhibiting both anatase-to-rutile phase transformation and crystal growth, in stabilizing the mesoporous textural properties, and in increasing the content of surface bridging hydroxyl. Moreover, the tri-doping significantly enhanced the surface Ti^（4＋）-O^（2-）-Ti^（4＋）-O^（-·） species. All above-mentioned factors cooperated to result in the enhanced photoactivity of the tri-doped TiO_2. As a result, it exhibited the highest photoactivity towards the degradation of 4-chlorophenol（4-CP） under visible-light irradiation among all samples, which was much superior to commercial P25 TiO_2.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21244005 and 20974130)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(No.2012B091100356)
文摘Photosensitizer （photosan）-encapsulated micelles were prepared by self-assembly of Photosan with two amphiphilic polysaccharide derivatives, including the cholesteryl conjugated sodium alginate derivative （CSAD） and the deoxycholic acid group conjugated chitosan derivative （DA-Chit）. The results of UV-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that the hydrogen bonding strength dominated the micelle formation. Methyl viologen was used as a model quencher of photosan. Using the steady-state fluorescence technology, the quenching constants were determined to be 2.05, 1.88 and 0.30 L/mmol for the free photosan, the photosan-CSAD micelle and the photosan-DA-Chit micelle, respectively. This suggested that photosan was protected from quenching of methyl viologen by the polysaccharide micelles. In addition, the protection effect of the photosan-DA-Chit micelle was significantly stronger than that of the photosan-CSAD micelle. The photosan-DA-Chit micelle is thus anticipated for protection of photoactivity of photosan during the blood circulation process in vivo.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2016BM30)。
文摘The Y,F,and Ag tridoped TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)composite nanocrystalline film(YFAg–TS)with prominent photocatalytic performance was prepared by the modified sol–gel method and was characterized by utilizing X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal and thermogravimetric(DTA–TG)analysis,scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),Brunauer–Emmett–Teller(BET)method,ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV–vis DRS),and photoluminescence(PL).The XRD and DTA–TG results expose that the YFAg–TS catalyst is a mixed phase consisting of anatase,rutile,and chlorargyrite,which is beneficial to improving the photocatalytic performance of TiO_(2).The SEM,TEM,and BET results disclose that the YFAg–TS film has smaller nanoparticles,higher specific surface area,and narrower pore size compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The XRD and TEM results exhibit that a part of yttrium can enter the TiO_(2)lattice to induce lattice distortion.The XPS results confirm the presence of Y^(3+)state in the YFAg–TS sample,and Y^(3+)ions can act as the trapping site of electrons to expedite the separation of electrons and holes.The UV–vis DRS results reveal that the YFAg–TS film has an obvious absorption edge shift and a narrower bandgap(2.70 eV)compared with pure TiO_(2)film.The PL results show that the YFAg–TS film has the highest photogenerated electrons and holes separation efficiency and charges transfer efficiency among all samples.The photocatalytic activity of the YFAg–TS was assessed by monitoring the degradation of methyl green and formaldehyde solution.The results manifest that the YFAg–TS film has high stability and excellent photocatalytic performance.The possible synergistic photocatalytic mechanism of YFAg–TS films has been discussed in this paper.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.11074135)
文摘An effective structural codoping approach is proposed to modify the photoelectrochemical （PEC） properties of anatase TiO2 by being doped with nonmetal （N or/and C） and transition metal （Re） elements. The electronic structures and for- mation energies of different doped systems are investigated using spin-polarized density functional theory. We find that （C, Re） doped TiO2, with a low formation energy and a large binding energy, reduces the band gap to a large extent, thus it could contribute to the significant enhancement of the photocatalytic activity in the visible-light region. It should be pointed out that, to be successful, the proper proportion of the dopants C and Re should be controlled, so that reasonable PEC properties can be achieved.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.20574061)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(Grant No.040559)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(Grant No.0654)
文摘A novel reactive metallophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine)aminophthalocyanine (Zn-TDTAPc), was prepared and immobilized on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) by covalent bonding to obtain a thermosensitive polymer (Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm). Compared with zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine (Zn-TAPc), Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm exhibits excellent solubility in water and in most organic solvents. Furthermore, it has a special thermosensitive property in water and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) is 34.1°C. It was found that both dissolved and precipitated Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm present high photoactivity evidenced by the experiment of photocatalytic degradation of 1, 3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) in the presence of Zn-TDTAPc-g-PNIPAAm. These properties suggest that it can be used potentially in photodynamic therapy (PDT).
文摘Silicon nanowires （SiNWs） have been widely studied as light harvesting antennas in photocatalysts due to their ability to absorb broad-spectrum solar radiation, but they are typically limited by poor photoelectrochemical stability. Here, we report the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-SiNW （rGO-SiNW） heterostructures to achieve greatly improved photocatalytic activity and stability. The SiNWs were synthesized through a metal-assisted electroless etching process and functionalized with reduced graphene oxide （rGO） flakes through a chemical absorption process. Here, the rGO not only functions as a physical protection layer to isolate the SiNWs from the harsh electrochemical environment but also serves as a charge mediator to facilitate the charge separation and transport processes. Furthermore, the rGO may also function as a redox catalyst to ensure efficient utilization of photo-carriers for the desired chemical reactions. Photocatalytic dye degradation studies show that the photoactivity of the heterostructures can be significantly enhanced with an initial activation process and maintained without apparent decay over repeated reaction cycles. Electrochemical and photo- electrochemical studies indicate that the enhanced photoactivity and photostability can be attributed to the more efficient separation of photoexcited charge carriers in SiNWs and the reduced self-oxidation of the surface of the SiNWs during the photocatalytic dye degradation process. The ability to significantly improve the photocatalytic activity and stability in rGO-SiNW heterostructures can not only lead to more opportunities for the application of silicon-based photocatalysts/ photoelectrodes for solar energy harvesting but also provide new insights into the stabilization of other unstable photocatalytic
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51133006, 51103133 & 51003096)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT0654)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Y4100094)
文摘A zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine derivative, zinc tetra(methacryloyl moiety)aminophthalocyanine (MeZnAPc) (with a double bond) was synthesized by the reaction between zinc tetraaminophthalocyanine (ZnTAPc) and methacryloyl chloride. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was employed as the polymerization technique to obtain a novel pH-responsive poly- meric photosensitizer (PEGIlo-b-P(DPA,rco-MeZnAPcm)) by copolymerizing of methoxypolyethylene glycols (MPEG) (as reducing agent), 2-(isopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DPA) and MeZnAPc. This photosensitizer was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, ~H NMR, etc. The results indicated that the photosensitizer presented the well pH-responsive be- havior around the pH range 6.0-6.5 and the high photoactivity to 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF). The result of photoca- talysis oxidation of L-tryptophan (L-Try) suggested that zinc phthalocyanine could present high photoactivity due to its disper- sivity at pH 5.5 without formation of micelles, and its photoactivity decreased dramatically at pH 7.4 due to wrapping ZnTAPc into the micelles. Therefore, the novel pH-responsive polymeric photosensitizer has better application prospects in the field of photodynamic therapy.
基金Project supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3504100,2021YFB3500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208170)+4 种基金Basic Scientific Research Expenses Program of Universities directly under Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(JY20220286)Cooperation Foundation for the Chunhui Plan Program of Ministry of Education of China(202200554)Open Project Program of Key Laboratory of Opticelectric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science,MOE(M2024-7)Open Project Program of Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Pollutant Sensitive Materials and Environmental RemediatiSon(PSMER2023008)the Open Foundation of State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control(SEMPC2023004)。
文摘Rare earth elements are highly applicable in photocatalysis due to their partially filled 4f orbitals,existing in electronic structures that facilitate the transfer of electrons during the reaction process.Among these materials,CeO_(2)has a distinctive external electronic structure(4f^(1)5d^(1)6s^(2)),abundant oxygen vacancies,and strong conversion ability of Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+),which makes it an attractive candidate in the field of photocatalysis.To broaden its practical applications in the visible region,the drawbacks of a wide band gap and a slow Ce^(4+)/Ce^(3+)cycle have been addressed through the modification of CeO_(2),thereby accelerating light absorption and self-circulation,and enhancing photocatalytic activity.This paper presents a review of the preparation of modified CeO_(2)catalysts and their application in the conversion of cerium valence state in the photocatalytic degradation of pollutants in water.Furthermore,this paper presents a summary of the most recent development and current challenges,as well as prospect for the application of modified CeO_(2)-based materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22371263 and U2004193)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.232300421225)。
文摘Metal nanoclusters with well-defined atomic structures offer significant promise in the field of catalysis due to their sub-nanometer size and tunable organic-inorganic hybrid structural features.Herein,we successfully synthesized an 11-core copper(Ⅰ)-alkynyl nanocluster(Cu11),which is stabilized by alkynyl ligands derived from a photosensitive rhodamine dye molecule.Notably,this Cu11cluster exhibited excellent photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity(8.13 mmol g-1h-1)even in the absence of a mediator and noble metal co-catalyst.Furthermore,when Cu11clusters were loaded onto the surface of TiO_(2)nanosheets,the resultant Cu11@TiO_(2)nanocomposites exhibited a significant enhancement in hydrogen evolution efficiency,which is 60 times higher than that of pure TiO_(2)nanosheets.The incorporation of Cu11clusters within the Cu11@TiO_(2)effectively inhibits the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,thereby accelerating the charge separation and migration in the composite material.This work introduces a novel perspective for designing highly active copper cluster-based photocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(2137704421573085)+5 种基金the Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2015CFA037)Wuhan Planning Project of Science and Technology(2014010101010023)Self-determined Research Funds of CCNU from the Colleges’Basic Research and Operation of MOE(CCNU15ZD007CCNU15KFY005)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015M572187)Hubei Provincial Department of Education(D20152702)~~
文摘A photocatalyst composed of TiO 2 nanotube arrays（TNTs） and octahedral Cu2 O nanoparticles was fabricated,and its performance in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 under visible and simulated solar irradiation was studied. The average nanotube diameter and length was 100 nm and 5 μm,respectively. The different amount of octahedral Cu2 O modified TNTs were obtained by varying electrochemical deposition time. TNTs modified with an optimized amount of Cu2 O nanoparticles exhibited high efficiency in the photocatalysis,and the predominant hydrocarbon product was methane. The methane yield increased with increasing Cu2 O content of the catalyst up to a certain deposition time,and decreased with further increase in Cu2 O deposition time. Insufficient deposition time（5 min） resulted in a small amount of Cu2 O nanoparticles on the TNTs,leading to the disadvantage of harvesting light. However,excess deposition time（45 min） gave rise to entire TNT surface being most covered with Cu2 O nanoparticles with large sizes,inconvenient for the transport of photo-generated carriers. The highest methane yield under simulated solar and visible light irradiation was observed for the catalysts prepared at a Cu2 O deposition time of 15 and 30 min respectively. The morphology,crystallization,photoresponse and electrochemical properties of the catalyst were characterized to understand the mechanism of its high photocatalytic activity. The TNT structure provided abundant active sites for the adsorption of reactants,and promoted the transport of photogenerated carriers that improved charge separation. Modifying the TNTs with octahedral Cu2 O nanoparticles promoted light absorption,and prevented the hydrocarbon product from oxidation. These factors provided the Cu2O-modified TNT photocatalyst with high efficiency in the reduction of CO2,without requiring co-catalysts or sacrificial agents.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21871079,21501052)the Outstanding Youth Project of Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2019B006)~~
文摘A possible mechanism for boosting the visible-light photoactivities of graphitic carbon nitride(g-C3N4)nanosheets for CO2 reduction via coupling with the electron donor Co-metal-organic framework(MOF)is proposed in this study.Specifically,Co-MOF as an electron donor is capable of transferring the photogenerated electrons in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)to the conduction band of g-C3N4 to facilitate charge separation.As expected,the prepared Co-MOF/g-C3N4 nanocomposites display excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic CO2 reduction activities.The CO production rate of 6.75μmol g–1 h–1 and CH4 evolution rate of 5.47μmol g–1 h–1 are obtained,which are approximately 2 times those obtained with the original g-C3N4 under the same conditions.Based on a series of analyses,it is shown that the introduction of Co-MOF not only broadens the range of visible-light absorption but also enhances the charge separation,which improves the photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 to a higher level.In particular,the hydroxyl radical(·OH)experiment was operated under 590 nm(single-wavelength)irradiation,which further proved that the photogenerated electrons in the LUMO of Co-MOF can successfully migrate to g-C3N4.This work may provide an important strategy for the design of highly efficient g-C3N4-based photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21301012)the Development of High-Caliber Talents Project of Beijing Municipal Institutions (No. CIT & TCD 201504009)+1 种基金China Cosmetic Collaborative Innovation Center, BTBUthe Open Research Fund Program of Beijing Key Lab of Plant Resource Research and Development, BTBU
文摘ZnTi-layered double hydroxides（LDHs） with varying Zn/Ti ratio have been synthesized by coprecipitation of zinc and titanium salts from homogeneous solution.The obtained ZnTi-LDHs possess high crystallinity and hierarchical structure with improved UV-absorbance property.The UV-vis spectra show that the UV absorbing properties of ZnTi-LDHs is stronger and broader than both MgAl-LDH and ZnAl-LDH due to the existence of Ti.Moreover,the UV absorption property increased with the content of Ti,which can be ascribed to the decrease in the band gap energy,as clearly confirmed by density functional theory calculations.When irradiated by UV rays,the property of the samples with generated free radicals（OH^·and O2^·） was evaluated by means of electron spin resonance（EPR）.ZnTi-LDHs generated a relatively lower active radicals in contrast with TiO2 and ZnO,which implied an increased safety used as sunscreens.Therefore,this work provides a detailed understanding of UV shielding properties of ZnTiLDHs which was unrevealed previously,and demonstrates the expansive application prospects of ZnTiLDHs in the field of sunscreens.
文摘In this paper, we demonstrated that the charge-transfer resistance of photoanode can be calculated through the analysis of its electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the photoelectrocatalytic degradation rate of aniline was inversely proportional to the value of charge-transfer resistance of photoelectrodes prepared by thermally oxidation on titanium. The value of charge-transfer resistance is smaller, the higher its photoelectro-activity is.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51273060,21174108)the Key Project of Hubei Provincial Department of EducationOpen Fund of Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry
文摘Acrylate-terminated poly（lactic acid）（DPLA） was synthesized by polycondensation, using lactic acid, polyalcohol and acrylic acid as the raw materials. The prepolymer products in each process were characterized by FT-IR, 1 H-NMR, GPC and DSC. DPLAs were then formulated with reactive diluent and diphenyl ketone as photoinitiator and photopolymerized into film（FPLA）. Thermal stability and degradation properties of the UV curing PLA film were studied. The results showed that the structures of prepolymer and the performances of the film could be adjusted by changing the types and content of the branching agent polyalcohol. After crosslinking modification, the degradation rate of FPLA was reduced and FPLA had better thermal stability than the pure PLA.
基金financially supported by the Polish National Science Centre:Grant No.2012/07/D/ST5/02269supported by the Foundation for Polish Science (FNP)+1 种基金the financial support from Polish National Science Centre under Grant No.2015/17/D/ ST5/02571the financial support from Polish National Science Centre under Grant No.2016/23/N/ST5/02071
文摘Ordered titanium dioxide nanotubes （TiOaNTs） modified with indium tin oxide （ITO） films were obtained via magnetron sputtering, in which ITO plate was used as a target, onto the as-anodized titania support followed by the calcination process. The morphology of fabricated material with deposited oxide was investigated using scanning electron microscopy. Raman and UV-Vis spectroscopies were utilized to characterize crystalline phase and optical properties of prepared samples, whereas X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy allowed determining the binding energy of present elements. In the case of titanium, three various oxidation states were identified and also the presence of indium and tin was confirmed. The electrochemical test carried out when the sample was exposed to light allows for selection of the most photoactive material. The highest photocurrent was registered when only 5-nm ITO layer was sputtered, and it equals 256 and 133 μA cm^-2 for the electrode material immersed in 0.5 M KOH and K2SO4 electrolytes, respectively, that is accordingly 3.5 and 4.4 times higher than the one observed for pristine titania. Furthermore, ITO-modified titania exhibits excellent photostability upon prolonged illumination that is of key importance for possible application in light-driven processes.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20676012）.
文摘Ferrocenium monocations as photoinitiators for cationic photopolymerization suffer from a limitation of low absorption and low reactivity under high-pressure Hg lamp. Here, a ferrocenium dication salt, biphenyl bis [π-cyclopentadienyl）iron] hexafluorophosphate （[bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was synthesized by the ligand exchange reaction between ferrocene and biphenyl. The chemical structure was characterized with FTIR and ^1HNMR. The separation of ferrocenium monocation cyclopentadien-iron-biphenyl hexafluorophosphate （[Cp-Fe-biphenyl] PF6） and dication [bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 was carried out by column chromatography. The photoactivity of initiating photopolyinerization of epoxide ER14221 was studied as a cationic photoinitiator. [Bis（Cp-Fe）-biphenyl] （PF6）2 can efficiently absorb radiation above 300nm and its photoactivity is higher than that of its monocation.
文摘Evidence for the long period of a sustainable function of a thermoplastic gel electrolyte (TPGE) consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG)/I<sub>2</sub>/I<span style="color:#4f4f4f;"><sup>-</sup></span> in propylene carbonate (PC) was recorded. The studied photoactive assembly consists of PBTH/FTO/TPGE I<sub>2</sub>/I<span style="color:#4f4f4f;"><sup>-</sup></span>/Platinized FTO. The study showed that the assembly regenerates the expected photoelectrochemical (PEC) quantities such as photocurrent, and other dielectric properties with infrequent use through an elapsed period of 18 months. The behavior of PBTh/occluded with CdS was mentored during this period and showed a similar result. PEC studies indicated the presence of p-p type hole accumulations interface, evident from the initial sharp rise in photocurrent. The change of open circuit potential (d<i>V<sub>oc</sub></i>) indicates that the shortest electron lifetime is 100 ms. The behavioral outcome of the assemblies within the period of study refracts stability of the electrode and the long life cycle of the electrolyte.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51978201)the State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment(No.2020DX08)。
文摘Photocatalyst is the most widespread method in advanced oxidation technologies,but due to the photoinduced electron combine easily with hole and the wavele ngth of adsorption is limited which will affect some practical applications.Carbon quantum dots(CQDs)is non-toxic and harmless green materials,it has the ability to improve the photocatalytic effect which is attributed to its good electrical and optical properties.Their up-conversion effect,photosensitization and electrical conductivity are assistants which help promote the photocatalytic effect in environmental applications.The key mechanisms of CQDs to improve photocatalysis can be roughly divided into three categories:1)Up-conversion effect conve rts the incident light into the emitted light with high ene rgy to solve the problem which is the light absorption range;2)CQDs act as a photosensitizer instead of valence band to provide electrons to the conduction band of semiconductor;3)CQD s can be used as the internal or external electronic conductor in materials to alleviate the trend of electron and hole separation.However,CQDs and CQDs-based photocatalysts have different views to solve environmental problems,so it is necessary to integrate different views.Therefore,this review is mainly aimed at the recent researches about the preparation processes of CQD,CQD s-based photocatalysts,and their ability to remove environmental pollutants,with a special emphasis on the mechanism for depredating pollutants.Furthermore,this paper analyzes and discusses the prospects and challenges of CQDs in the environmental field.
基金partially financially supported by the Research Affairs Division of University of Kurdistan(UOK),Sanandaj(Iran)
文摘Three diamine monomers with different derivatives of imidazole heterocyclic ring, aryl ethers and electron withdrawing trifluoromethyl groups in the backbone were synthesized and used in polycodensation reaction with various aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylic acids for preparation of a series of novel polyamides （PAs）. The PAs were obtained in high yields and possessed inherent viscosities in the range of 0.26-0.75 dL/g. All of the polymers were amorphous in nature, showed outstanding solubility and could be easily dissolved in amide-type polar aprotic solvents. They showed good thermal stability with glass transition temperatures between 162-302 ℃. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that all polymers were stable, with 10% weight loss recorded above 421 ℃in N2 atmospheres. All the PAs presented fluorescence upon irradiation with ultraviolet light and thus showed promise for applications in electroluminescent devices. The monomers and PAs were also screened for antibacterial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria.
