The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sust...The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sustainable management of P resources essential for ensuring global food security.This study was designed to reduce mineral P inputs through management practices.A field experiment comprising a wheat-maize rotation system was conducted in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province,China from 2018-2023.The eight treatments included CK(without P),FP(conventional P application);RP(recommended P);RP80(20% reduction in RP);SRP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping);ARP80(20% reduction in RP with ammonium sulfate instead of urea);SARP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea);and SARP60(40% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea).Crop yield,P uptake,and P fertilizer use efficiency were measured during harvest and throughout the entire period of the study.At the end of the experiment,P fractions were estimated using the Tiessen-Moir P classification method.The results revealed that the grain yields of all the treatments except for RP80 were significantly increased compared to CK,with increases of 14.9-28.8%.Furthermore,agronomic efficiency,apparent P use efficiency,P recovery rate,and partial factor productivity were significantly improved for the treatments that received 20% less P with straw wrapping.Moreover,the enhancement measures significantly increased labile and moderately labile P in the soil.Therefore,straw wrapping with ammonium sulfate instead of urea is one of the most effective ways to reduce mineral P inputs while increasing the efficiency of P in wheat-maize rotation systems.展开更多
Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and ...Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus during the soil formation process of phosphogypsum(PG)remains unknown.This study explores the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus in enhanced PG under the participation of fungal microorganisms through different application amounts of exogenous organic matter and culture time.Results show that application of exogenous organic matter led to varying degrees of increase in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration and humification extent in the soil-like substrate.Additionally,the relative abundance of protein-like component C3 exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by decline over time.The contents of available phosphorus(AP),microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP),and active phosphorus pools(Active-P)in the soil-like substrate are all enhanced overall.Furthermore,a significant correlation exists between DOC and AP as well as MBP.This suggests that DOM is a crucial factor in enhancing the phosphorus availability of the soil-like substrate.The enrichment of known phosphate-solubilizing fungi in culturing favors the decomposition,activation and utilization of hard-to-mineralize phosphorus components in the soil-like substrate.These findings help understand DOM’s biogeochemical behavior and offer insights into PG utilization and the sustainable development of China’s phosphorus industry.展开更多
Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents ...Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents a novel perovskite oxide that exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and superior durability for toluene combustion at reduced temperatures.This improvement is achieved by phosphorus doping at the B-site of LaCoO_(3-δ)(LC)perovskite oxide,followed by post-synthesis acid etching for a proper time.The resulting catalyst demonstrates increased specific surface area,higher total pore volume,and enhanced oxygen vacancy concentration both in the bulk and on the surface.Additionally,the activity of surface lattice oxygen species is significantly improved,leading to enhanced catalytic performance in toluene combustion.Notably,the optimized catalyst shows an exceptionally low activation energy(E_(a))of 49.3 kJ mol^(-1),with a T90 reduction of over 214℃compared to the phosphorus doped LC and 190℃compared to pristine LC.Phosphorus doping plays a main role in significantly improving the long-term durability,particularly in the presence of CO_(2)and H_(2)O,while acid etching boosts the catalytic activity.This work introduces a rational and innovative strategy for optimizing VOC oxidation by improving the structure and surface chemical states of perovskite catalysts.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for primary production and frequently acts as a limiting factor in estuaries.The Changjiang River Estuary,recognized as one of the largest estuaries globally,has experienced signi...Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for primary production and frequently acts as a limiting factor in estuaries.The Changjiang River Estuary,recognized as one of the largest estuaries globally,has experienced significant changes in nutrient dynamics due to anthropogenic activities.The recent reduction in P loading from the Changjiang River may have significant implications for the dynamics of dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)within this estuarine system.Based on DIP data collected in 2017,2019,and 2023,combined with historical datasets,we aim to identify the drivers of DIP concentration changes in the Changjiang Estuary under the change in river inputs.The results indicate significant spatiotemporal variations in the distribution of DIP in the Changjiang Estuary,with the highest average concentration in winter.DIP exhibits non-conservative behavior along the salinity gradient,primarily influenced by biological utilization.Long-term DIP variations can be divided into three stages:a low-concentration period(1984–1987),a significant increase(1987–2014),and a decline(since 2015),with a current decreasing trend of 0.024μmol/(L·yr)(R^(2)=0.97,P<0.05).A discernible trend of P depletion in estuarine environments is observed,attributed to diminished riverine load and enhanced phytoplankton fixation.The reduction,and in some cases depletion,of DIP in the Changjiang Estuary has significantly altered the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio.The recent changes in total phosphorus(TP)compositions in the Changjiang Estuary are also attributed to a decrease in riverine input.Ongoing terrestrial nutrient management may further lower DIP concentrations,potentially impacting the estuarine ecosystem.展开更多
The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed ...The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed assembly approach for controllable synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous polypyrrole(PPy)nanospheres,which allows for the shape-preserving conversion into N-doped carbon with regular mesoscopic pore and high surface area,thus affording a high dispersion of red phosphorus during melt impregnation process due to the available diffusion apertures and strong molecular chemical anchoring.Moreover,the theoretical calculations further revealed that positively polarized pyridine N atoms in N-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres can empower comprehensive regulation of red phosphorus adsorption by strong chemical binding.Benefitting from the above advantages,the resultant red phosphorus host for sodium-ion batteries delivered an outstanding reversible capacity of 856 mAh/g with a capacity fading rate of only 0.025%per cycle during 1000 cycles at 1.0 A/g.This work provides an effective approach based on monomicelle-directed assembly engineering of carbon-based phosphorus hosts for advanced energy conversion and storage systems.展开更多
Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for ...Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method.The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus(P^(83.4)As_(0.6),CSD-2408761)was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus,where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus(As/P)atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12.The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus,switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus.The effective electron mass along the<010>direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m_(0)by arsenic substitution,resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).The field effect transistor built with P_(83.4)As_(0.6)nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility(137.06 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),61.2 nm),even under ambient conditions for 5 h,much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets(4.07 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),73.3 nm).This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors,giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.展开更多
Nanoscale red phosphorus(NRP)was synthesized via a phosphorus-amine dissolution method and immobilized onto mesoporous silica nanospheres(MSNs)to obtain hybrid NRP@MSN particles with improved dispersion stability.Epox...Nanoscale red phosphorus(NRP)was synthesized via a phosphorus-amine dissolution method and immobilized onto mesoporous silica nanospheres(MSNs)to obtain hybrid NRP@MSN particles with improved dispersion stability.Epoxy resin(EP)composites containing 2 wt%fillers were prepared to evaluate their thermal and flame-retardant behaviors.Compared with EP,the NRP@MSNs/EP composite significantly enhanced fire safety,resulting in a 52.8%reduction in the peak heat release rate,a 13.9%decrease in total smoke production,and a 165%increase in char yield.Mechanical testing revealed a notable toughening effect under impact loading.The improved flame retardancy originates from the combined nano-barrier effect of MSNs and the catalytic charring and radical-quenching functions of NRP.This work demonstrates an efficient strategy for stabilizing NRP and highlights its strong potential as an environmentally friendly flame retardant for EP systems.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms gove...Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms governing P loss in texturally diverse alkaline soils remain unclear.This study investigated P leaching dynamics and transport parameters across four alkaline soil textures(silty clay,clay loam,loam,sandy loam)using a one-dimensional convective-diffusion equation(CDE)based on column experiments.Results indicated that phosphorus leaching kinetics were predominantly governed by diffusion transport,evidenced by low Peclet numbers(P_(e))(ranged from 0.02 to 0.31)across varying textures and initial P concentrations(C_(0)).Comparative analysis of transport parameters revealed significant textural effects on dispersion coefficient(D),retardation factor(R),pore water velocity(V),P_(e),and diffusion coefficient(λ)(F>523.42,p<0.001).Among these,only D,P_(e) andλexhibited substantial differences in response to variations in C_(0)(F>89.47,p<0.001).Saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s))(R^(2)=62.9%,p<0.01)and total pore area(A)(R^(2)=12.4%,p<0.01)emerged as primary regulators of P leaching.Enhanced clay content increased total pore area while reducing average pore diameter,concurrently decreasing pore water velocity and saturated infiltration rates.These textural modifications amplified diffusive P transport within soil matrices.The findings provide mechanistic insights into texturedependent P mobility in alkaline environments,informing targeted strategies for agricultural phosphorus management.展开更多
Urine consists of approximately 95%water,3.5%organic matter,and 1.5%inorganic salts.Membrane distillation(MD)offers a potential approach for urine resource utilization.To some extent,it reduces the loss of nitrogen an...Urine consists of approximately 95%water,3.5%organic matter,and 1.5%inorganic salts.Membrane distillation(MD)offers a potential approach for urine resource utilization.To some extent,it reduces the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus resources.However,MD is also accompanied by problems such as high membrane cost,membrane fouling and membrane wetting.In light of these issues,this study employs polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)as the separation layer and polypropylene(PP)as the support layer to make a distillation membrane.The feasibility and efficiency of the PTFE-PP membrane in intercepting and recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from source-separated urine were investigated.Results obtained through 14 days of continuous operation demonstrated that the recovery rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were 95%and 99%,respectively.The dissolved organic carbon recovery rate was 95%,and urea as well as the macromolecular organic matter in dissolved organic matter were significantly intercepted.The phosphorus content in the permeate was 0.022 mg/L,which met theⅡclass standard of China’s surface water and the basic water use standard of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.This finding reduces the pressure on sewage treatment plants.PTFE-PP distillation membrane has important potential in recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from urine and alleviating global water shortage.展开更多
The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly import...The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.展开更多
Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(P...Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(Pi)in soil through their roots.Pi,which is usually sequestered in soils,is not easily absorbed by plants and represses plant growth.Plants have developed a series of mechanisms to cope with P deficiency.Moreover,P fertilizer applications are critical for maximizing crop yield.Maize is a major cereal crop cultivated worldwide.Increasing its P-use efficiency is important for optimizing maize production.Over the past two decades,considerable progresses have been achieved in studies aimed at adapting maize varieties to changes in environmental P supply.Here,we present an overview of the morphological,physiological,and molecular mechanisms involved in P acquisition,translocation,and redistribution in maize and combine the advances in Arabidopsis and rice,to better elucidate the progress of P nutrition.Additionally,we summarize the correlation between P and abiotic stress responses.Clarifying the mechanisms relevant to improving P absorption and use in maize can guide future research on sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover re...Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover remains elusive.Herein,we conducted a microcosm experiment to assess the impacts of RFC combined with(50 mg P kg^(-1)as KH2PO4)and without inorganic P addition on P fractions,P availability,and phoD-harboring bacterial community composition.The results revealed that RFC without P addition significantly improved P availability and phosphatase activity in paddy soil,while soil available P(AP),pH,and microbial biomass P(MBP)contributed to regulating P fractions.Moreover,the phoD-harboring bacterial abundance was linked to phosphatase activity,AP,total carbon(TC),and total P(TP)contents,and the ratios of TC to total nitrogen(TN)and TN to TP.We also found that the keystone taxa of phoD-harboring bacteria contributed to phosphatase production as well as organic P mineralization,thereby improving P availability.Our findings suggest that RFC without P addition is beneficial for promoting the expression of phoD-harboring bacterial functions to improve the capacity of P mineralization.Overall,our study provides insights into the responses of phoD-harboring bacterial functions for P turnover to RFC combined with and without P addition,showing the potential utilization of P resources in agricultural soil and the contribution of phosphatase activity to P acquisition in agriculture ecosystem.展开更多
Utilizing phosphorus tailings as the raw material for foam concrete is a key approach to achieving sustainable and efficient resource utilization.During the preparation of phosphorus tailings-based foam concrete,slurr...Utilizing phosphorus tailings as the raw material for foam concrete is a key approach to achieving sustainable and efficient resource utilization.During the preparation of phosphorus tailings-based foam concrete,slurry performance is critical to the successful production.Phosphorus tailings,cement and microsilica were used to prepare foam concrete slurry in this study.A rheometer was employed as a test tool to measure the variation of linear viscoelastic zone(LVR),viscosity,and yield stress of the slurries with different cement contents.The results indicate that the phosphorus tailings-cement-microsilica slurry exhibits shear-thinning properties,which aligns well with the Herschel-Bulkley model,showing a high degree of correlation.As the cement content increases,the energy storage modulus of the slurry rises,and the LVR length shows a nonlinear trend.The LVR reaches its maximum length of 0.04%when the cement content is 6 mass%or 8 mass%.The increment of the cement content leads to a more intricate internal network structure,which hinders the reconstruction rate of the flocculated structure after high-shear deformation.展开更多
Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in China,accounting for approximately one-third of all stroke-associated deaths worldwide.Currently,thrombolysis is employed for ischemic strokes.However,due to the limite...Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in China,accounting for approximately one-third of all stroke-associated deaths worldwide.Currently,thrombolysis is employed for ischemic strokes.However,due to the limited therapeutic window of thrombolytic agents,most patients do not receive the drug at the right time.Moreover,these agents are associated with risks of hemorrhage and reperfusion damage.Herein,Angiopep-2(ANG)-black phosphorus(BP)-resveratrol(RES),a drug-loaded system,was used to deliver drugs across the blood–brain barrier(BBB).ANG-BP-RES has a uniform size,stable structure,good photothermal effect,and strong drug release ability under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation and acidic conditions.Furthermore,ANG-BP-RES can efficiently target the brain and improve BBB permeability,exerting a significant therapeutic effect against ischemic brain injury,especially after NIR irradiation.ANG-BP-RES is also biocompatible and shows minimal toxicity toward cells and tissues.This study offers novel insights into the therapeutic management of ischemic brain injury.展开更多
Exploiting non-precious metal catalysts with excellent oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)performance for energy devices is paramount essential for the green and sustainable society development.Herein,low-cost,high-perform...Exploiting non-precious metal catalysts with excellent oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)performance for energy devices is paramount essential for the green and sustainable society development.Herein,low-cost,high-performance biomass-derived ORR catalysts with an asymmetric Fe-N_(3)P configuration was prepared by a simple pyrolysis-etching technique,where carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)was used as the carbon source,urea and 1,10-phenanthroline iron complex(FePhen)as additives,and Na_(3)PO_(4)as the phosphorus dopant and a pore-forming agent.The CMC-derived FeNPC catalyst displayed a large specific area(BET:1235 m^(2)g^(-1))with atomically dispersed Fe-N_(3)P active sites,which exhibited superior ORR activity and stability in alkaline solution(E_(1/2)=0.90 V vs.RHE)and Zn-air batteries(P_(max)=149 mW cm^(-2))to commercial Pt/C catalyst(E_(1/2)=0.87 V,P_(max)=118 mW cm^(-2))under similar experimental conditions.This work provides a feasible and costeffective route toward highly efficient ORR catalysts and their application to Zn-air batteries for energy conversion.展开更多
With the objective of investigating the basis of phosphorus(P)utilization efficiency(PUE),physiological and morphological traits,two P-efficient and two P-inefficient rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)cultivars were compared...With the objective of investigating the basis of phosphorus(P)utilization efficiency(PUE),physiological and morphological traits,two P-efficient and two P-inefficient rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)cultivars were compared at the seedling stage.P-efficient cultivars showed root morphological adaptation,high P uptake activity,and greater phospholipid degradation under low P stress.Improving root morphological adaptation and reducing lipid-P allocation could allow increasing PUE in rapeseed seedlings.展开更多
The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environment...The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environmentally friendly and economical method of P recovery from municipal wastewater,providing the P source for LiFePO_(4) cathodes.The novel approach utilizes the sludge of Fe-coagulant-based chemical P removal(CPR)in wastewater treatment.After a sintering treatment with acid washing,the CPR sludge,enriched with P and Fe,transforms into purified P-Fe oxides(Fe2.1P1.0O5.6).These oxides can substitute up to 35%of the FePO_(4) reagent as precursor,producing a carbon-coated LiFePO_(4)(LiFePO_(4)/C)cathode with a specific discharge capacity of 114.9 mA·h·g^(-1)at current density of 17 mA·g^(-1)),and cycle stability of 99.2%after 100 cycles.The enhanced cycle performance of the as-prepared LiFePO_(4)/C cathode may be attributed to the incorporations of impurities(such as Ca^(2+)and Na^(+))from sludge,with improved stability of crystal structure.Unlike conventional P-fertilizers,this P recovery technology converts 100%of P in CPR sludge into the production of value-added LiFePO_(4)/C cathodes.The recovered P from municipal wastewater can meet up to 35%of the P demand in the Chinese LIBs industry,offering a cost-effective solution for addressing the pressing challenges of P scarcity.展开更多
The leaf nitrogen(N)to phosphorus(P)ratio(N:P)is a critical indicator of nutrient dynamics and ecosystem function.Investigating temporal variations in leaf N:P can provide valuable insights into how plants adapt to en...The leaf nitrogen(N)to phosphorus(P)ratio(N:P)is a critical indicator of nutrient dynamics and ecosystem function.Investigating temporal variations in leaf N:P can provide valuable insights into how plants adapt to environmental changes and nutrient availability.However,limited research has been conducted on long-term temporal leaf N:P variation over a range of temperature zones.Using long-term monitoring data from the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN),we investigated temporal changes in leaf N and P stoichiometry for 50 dominant tree species from 10 typical forest sites across temperate and subtropical regions,and identified the underlying mechanisms driving these changes.For both regions combined,leaf P concentration of the 50 dominant tree species decreased(20.6%),whereas leaf N:P increased(52.0%)from 2005 to 2020.Leaf P decreased and leaf N:P increased in 67% and 69% of the tree species,respectively.The leaf N:P increase was primarily driven by the tree species in eastern subtropical forests,where global change factors and soil nutrients explained 68% of leaf N:P variation.The P limitation exhibited by tree species in eastern subtropical forest ecosystems intensified over time,and elevated temperature and CO_(2) levels,coupled with decreased soil available P concentrations,appear to be the main factors driving long-term leaf N:P increases in these forests.Investigating long-term variations in soil nutrients together with global change factors will improve our understanding of the nutrient status of forest ecosystems in the context of global change and will support effective forest ecosystem management.展开更多
Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers ha...Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers has become pervasive in agriculture.Nonetheless,the escalating prices of chemical fertilizers,coupled with new European regulations prohibiting the use of P fertilizers containing cadmium,have highlighted the urgency to identify environmentally friendly products and practices for P fertilization in agricultural soils.This comprehensive review delves into the current landscape of P fertilization from agricultural,political,and economic standpoints.We recognize the potential of microbes in mobilizing P,but emphasize the necessity for more robust research to establish their effectiveness in promoting plant P uptake under real-world conditions.Additionally,we explore the role of agricultural conservation practices,such as optimal tillage,diversified cropping systems,and increased organic carbon input,in conserving P.Furthermore,this review contemplates forthcoming innovations in research.These innovations encompass the development of enhanced formulations for biofertilizers and the undertaking of more comprehensive studies within the realm of conservation agriculture.All these endeavors collectively hold the potential to augment P accessibility to plants in a sustainable manner,thereby advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity.展开更多
Designing advanced electrocatalysts with high methanol tolerance in the oxygen reduction reaction process is crucial for the sustainable implementation of direct methanol fuel cells.Herein,we present a Pt/C catalyst m...Designing advanced electrocatalysts with high methanol tolerance in the oxygen reduction reaction process is crucial for the sustainable implementation of direct methanol fuel cells.Herein,we present a Pt/C catalyst modified with black phosphorus(BP)nanodots(BPNDs-Pt/C)by using a facile ultrasonic mixing method.Experimental and computational investigations reveal that the electron transfer from BP to Pt leads to weak adsorption of hydroxyl groups on the Pt surface.As a result,the BPNDs-Pt/C catalyst exhibits efficient activity and anti-methanol ability for cathodic oxygen reduction electrocatalysis in an acidic medium.Additionally,it demonstrates high activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in an alternative alkaline system with cation exchange membrane and eliminable methanol penetration.This work highlights the feasibility of using non-metallic elements to regulate the electronic structure and surface properties of Pt-based nanomaterials.Furthermore,the designed BPNDs-Pt/C electrocatalyst,with controllable ORR performance,can be applied across various scenarios based on demand.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1900300 and 2017YFD0200205)the Agricultural Key-scientific and Core-technological Project of Shaanxi Province,China(2024NYGG011)。
文摘The continuous supply of phosphorus(P)is indispensable in crop production.However,P resources are non-renewable,and environmental concerns like eutrophication associated with its loss from agroecosystems make the sustainable management of P resources essential for ensuring global food security.This study was designed to reduce mineral P inputs through management practices.A field experiment comprising a wheat-maize rotation system was conducted in the Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province,China from 2018-2023.The eight treatments included CK(without P),FP(conventional P application);RP(recommended P);RP80(20% reduction in RP);SRP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping);ARP80(20% reduction in RP with ammonium sulfate instead of urea);SARP80(20% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea);and SARP60(40% reduction in RP with straw wrapping and ammonium sulfate instead of urea).Crop yield,P uptake,and P fertilizer use efficiency were measured during harvest and throughout the entire period of the study.At the end of the experiment,P fractions were estimated using the Tiessen-Moir P classification method.The results revealed that the grain yields of all the treatments except for RP80 were significantly increased compared to CK,with increases of 14.9-28.8%.Furthermore,agronomic efficiency,apparent P use efficiency,P recovery rate,and partial factor productivity were significantly improved for the treatments that received 20% less P with straw wrapping.Moreover,the enhancement measures significantly increased labile and moderately labile P in the soil.Therefore,straw wrapping with ammonium sulfate instead of urea is one of the most effective ways to reduce mineral P inputs while increasing the efficiency of P in wheat-maize rotation systems.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Program of Yunnan(No.202402AG0500103)the Industrial Innovation Talent Project of Yunnan(No.XDYC-CYCX-2023007)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3709100).
文摘Exogenous organic input impacts soil phosphorus transformation.Meanwhile,dissolved organic matter(DOM)is crucial for biogeochemical functions.Nevertheless,the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus during the soil formation process of phosphogypsum(PG)remains unknown.This study explores the interaction between the structural composition of DOM and phosphorus in enhanced PG under the participation of fungal microorganisms through different application amounts of exogenous organic matter and culture time.Results show that application of exogenous organic matter led to varying degrees of increase in dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration and humification extent in the soil-like substrate.Additionally,the relative abundance of protein-like component C3 exhibited a trend of initial increase followed by decline over time.The contents of available phosphorus(AP),microbial biomass phosphorus(MBP),and active phosphorus pools(Active-P)in the soil-like substrate are all enhanced overall.Furthermore,a significant correlation exists between DOC and AP as well as MBP.This suggests that DOM is a crucial factor in enhancing the phosphorus availability of the soil-like substrate.The enrichment of known phosphate-solubilizing fungi in culturing favors the decomposition,activation and utilization of hard-to-mineralize phosphorus components in the soil-like substrate.These findings help understand DOM’s biogeochemical behavior and offer insights into PG utilization and the sustainable development of China’s phosphorus industry.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Project No.2018YFB1502903).
文摘Perovskite oxides are highly promising catalysts for the combustion removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)due to their excellent stability,structural flexibility,and compositional versatility.This study presents a novel perovskite oxide that exhibits enhanced catalytic activity and superior durability for toluene combustion at reduced temperatures.This improvement is achieved by phosphorus doping at the B-site of LaCoO_(3-δ)(LC)perovskite oxide,followed by post-synthesis acid etching for a proper time.The resulting catalyst demonstrates increased specific surface area,higher total pore volume,and enhanced oxygen vacancy concentration both in the bulk and on the surface.Additionally,the activity of surface lattice oxygen species is significantly improved,leading to enhanced catalytic performance in toluene combustion.Notably,the optimized catalyst shows an exceptionally low activation energy(E_(a))of 49.3 kJ mol^(-1),with a T90 reduction of over 214℃compared to the phosphorus doped LC and 190℃compared to pristine LC.Phosphorus doping plays a main role in significantly improving the long-term durability,particularly in the presence of CO_(2)and H_(2)O,while acid etching boosts the catalytic activity.This work introduces a rational and innovative strategy for optimizing VOC oxidation by improving the structure and surface chemical states of perovskite catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42176048)Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project(No.QDBSH20230102100)Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.SDCX-ZG-202303054).
文摘Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for primary production and frequently acts as a limiting factor in estuaries.The Changjiang River Estuary,recognized as one of the largest estuaries globally,has experienced significant changes in nutrient dynamics due to anthropogenic activities.The recent reduction in P loading from the Changjiang River may have significant implications for the dynamics of dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)within this estuarine system.Based on DIP data collected in 2017,2019,and 2023,combined with historical datasets,we aim to identify the drivers of DIP concentration changes in the Changjiang Estuary under the change in river inputs.The results indicate significant spatiotemporal variations in the distribution of DIP in the Changjiang Estuary,with the highest average concentration in winter.DIP exhibits non-conservative behavior along the salinity gradient,primarily influenced by biological utilization.Long-term DIP variations can be divided into three stages:a low-concentration period(1984–1987),a significant increase(1987–2014),and a decline(since 2015),with a current decreasing trend of 0.024μmol/(L·yr)(R^(2)=0.97,P<0.05).A discernible trend of P depletion in estuarine environments is observed,attributed to diminished riverine load and enhanced phytoplankton fixation.The reduction,and in some cases depletion,of DIP in the Changjiang Estuary has significantly altered the nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio.The recent changes in total phosphorus(TP)compositions in the Changjiang Estuary are also attributed to a decrease in riverine input.Ongoing terrestrial nutrient management may further lower DIP concentrations,potentially impacting the estuarine ecosystem.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373208 and 61831021)the Shanghai Undergraduate Training Program on Innovation and Entrepreneurship(No.202310269131S).
文摘The intrinsic insulation and drastic volume change of the red phosphorus during the 3-electron alloying process greatly limits its widespread applications in sodium-ion batteries.Here,we report a monomicelle-directed assembly approach for controllable synthesis of monodispersed mesoporous polypyrrole(PPy)nanospheres,which allows for the shape-preserving conversion into N-doped carbon with regular mesoscopic pore and high surface area,thus affording a high dispersion of red phosphorus during melt impregnation process due to the available diffusion apertures and strong molecular chemical anchoring.Moreover,the theoretical calculations further revealed that positively polarized pyridine N atoms in N-doped mesoporous carbon nanospheres can empower comprehensive regulation of red phosphorus adsorption by strong chemical binding.Benefitting from the above advantages,the resultant red phosphorus host for sodium-ion batteries delivered an outstanding reversible capacity of 856 mAh/g with a capacity fading rate of only 0.025%per cycle during 1000 cycles at 1.0 A/g.This work provides an effective approach based on monomicelle-directed assembly engineering of carbon-based phosphorus hosts for advanced energy conversion and storage systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22175136)the State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment(Grant No.EIPE23127)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(xtr052024009,xtr052025002).
文摘Violet phosphorus,a recently explored layered elemental semiconductor,has attracted much attention due to its unique photoelectric,mechanical properties,and high hole mobility.Herein,violet arsenic phosphorus has for the first time been synthesized by a molten lead method.The crystal structure of violet arsenic phosphorus(P^(83.4)As_(0.6),CSD-2408761)was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction to have similar structure as that of violet phosphorus,where P12 is occupied by arsenic/phosphorus(As/P)atoms as mixed occupancy sites As1/P12.The arsenic substitution has been demonstrated to tune the band structure of violet phosphorus,switching p-type of violet phosphorus to high-performance n-type violet arsenic phosphorus.The effective electron mass along the<010>direction is significantly reduced from 1.792 to 0.515 m_(0)by arsenic substitution,resulting in an extremely high electron mobility of 2622.503 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).The field effect transistor built with P_(83.4)As_(0.6)nanosheets was measured to have a high electron mobility(137.06 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),61.2 nm),even under ambient conditions for 5 h,much higher than the hole mobility of violet phosphorene nanosheets(4.07 cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1),73.3 nm).This work provides a new idea for designing phosphorus-based materials for field effect transistors,giving significant potential in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22175167 and 22375195)the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Anhui Province(No.2308085J05)This work was also partially carried out at the Instruments Center for Physical Science,University of Science and Technology of China,and partially performed using the services from Scientific Compass(www.shiyanjia.com).
文摘Nanoscale red phosphorus(NRP)was synthesized via a phosphorus-amine dissolution method and immobilized onto mesoporous silica nanospheres(MSNs)to obtain hybrid NRP@MSN particles with improved dispersion stability.Epoxy resin(EP)composites containing 2 wt%fillers were prepared to evaluate their thermal and flame-retardant behaviors.Compared with EP,the NRP@MSNs/EP composite significantly enhanced fire safety,resulting in a 52.8%reduction in the peak heat release rate,a 13.9%decrease in total smoke production,and a 165%increase in char yield.Mechanical testing revealed a notable toughening effect under impact loading.The improved flame retardancy originates from the combined nano-barrier effect of MSNs and the catalytic charring and radical-quenching functions of NRP.This work demonstrates an efficient strategy for stabilizing NRP and highlights its strong potential as an environmentally friendly flame retardant for EP systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42077067,42277329)the Projects of Talents Recruitment of GDUPT(No.XJ2005000301)。
文摘Phosphorus(P)leaching in alkaline soils,exacerbated by excessive fertilizer application,represents a significant pathway for P loss.While soil pore structure and texture critically regulate P transport,mechanisms governing P loss in texturally diverse alkaline soils remain unclear.This study investigated P leaching dynamics and transport parameters across four alkaline soil textures(silty clay,clay loam,loam,sandy loam)using a one-dimensional convective-diffusion equation(CDE)based on column experiments.Results indicated that phosphorus leaching kinetics were predominantly governed by diffusion transport,evidenced by low Peclet numbers(P_(e))(ranged from 0.02 to 0.31)across varying textures and initial P concentrations(C_(0)).Comparative analysis of transport parameters revealed significant textural effects on dispersion coefficient(D),retardation factor(R),pore water velocity(V),P_(e),and diffusion coefficient(λ)(F>523.42,p<0.001).Among these,only D,P_(e) andλexhibited substantial differences in response to variations in C_(0)(F>89.47,p<0.001).Saturated hydraulic conductivity(K_(s))(R^(2)=62.9%,p<0.01)and total pore area(A)(R^(2)=12.4%,p<0.01)emerged as primary regulators of P leaching.Enhanced clay content increased total pore area while reducing average pore diameter,concurrently decreasing pore water velocity and saturated infiltration rates.These textural modifications amplified diffusive P transport within soil matrices.The findings provide mechanistic insights into texturedependent P mobility in alkaline environments,informing targeted strategies for agricultural phosphorus management.
基金supported by the Joint Research Program for Ecological Conservation and High Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin(No.2022-YRUC-01-0203).
文摘Urine consists of approximately 95%water,3.5%organic matter,and 1.5%inorganic salts.Membrane distillation(MD)offers a potential approach for urine resource utilization.To some extent,it reduces the loss of nitrogen and phosphorus resources.However,MD is also accompanied by problems such as high membrane cost,membrane fouling and membrane wetting.In light of these issues,this study employs polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE)as the separation layer and polypropylene(PP)as the support layer to make a distillation membrane.The feasibility and efficiency of the PTFE-PP membrane in intercepting and recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from source-separated urine were investigated.Results obtained through 14 days of continuous operation demonstrated that the recovery rates of nitrogen and phosphorus were 95%and 99%,respectively.The dissolved organic carbon recovery rate was 95%,and urea as well as the macromolecular organic matter in dissolved organic matter were significantly intercepted.The phosphorus content in the permeate was 0.022 mg/L,which met theⅡclass standard of China’s surface water and the basic water use standard of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.This finding reduces the pressure on sewage treatment plants.PTFE-PP distillation membrane has important potential in recovering nitrogen and phosphorus from urine and alleviating global water shortage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2024QE450,ZR2024QB302 and ZR2024QB004)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202211249)Research Program of Qilu Institute of Technology(Nos.QIT 23TP019,QIT23TP010 and QIT24NN007)。
文摘The large volume expansion and rapid capacity attenuation of tin-based electrodes are the main factors limiting their commercial application.The reasonable design of electrode material structure is particularly important for improving its electrochemical performance.Herein,phosphorus-modified graphene encapsulated Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)nanoparticles composite(P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO)with crystalline-amorphous heterostructure has been successfully designed and prepared.The design of crystalline-amorphous structure has largely enhanced the active sites,and the construction of a graphene encapsulation structure has greatly alleviated volume expansion.Notably,P-Sn_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)@RGO obtained an excellent high-rate longterm cycling performance for lithium-ion batteries anode,reaching a high specific capacity of 970 m Ah/g at 1.0 A/g after 1450 cycles.This work demonstrates that restructuring the electrode material's structure and phase through phosphorus modification can effectively improve the electrochemical performance of tin-based electrode materials.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1000500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370272,31970273,and 31921001).
文摘Phosphorus(P)is an essential nutrient for crop growth,making it important for maintaining food security as the global population continues to increase.Plants acquire P primarily via the uptake of inorganic phosphate(Pi)in soil through their roots.Pi,which is usually sequestered in soils,is not easily absorbed by plants and represses plant growth.Plants have developed a series of mechanisms to cope with P deficiency.Moreover,P fertilizer applications are critical for maximizing crop yield.Maize is a major cereal crop cultivated worldwide.Increasing its P-use efficiency is important for optimizing maize production.Over the past two decades,considerable progresses have been achieved in studies aimed at adapting maize varieties to changes in environmental P supply.Here,we present an overview of the morphological,physiological,and molecular mechanisms involved in P acquisition,translocation,and redistribution in maize and combine the advances in Arabidopsis and rice,to better elucidate the progress of P nutrition.Additionally,we summarize the correlation between P and abiotic stress responses.Clarifying the mechanisms relevant to improving P absorption and use in maize can guide future research on sustainable agriculture.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province,China(No.2021B0202030002)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(No.2019B030301007)+2 种基金the Guangdong Provincial Special Project of Rural Revitalization Strategy,China(No.(2021)12)the Joint Team Project of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,China(No.NT2021010)the Innovation Team Construction Project of Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Systems of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022KJ105).
文摘Rice-fish coculture(RFC)has aroused extensive concern for its contribution to food security and resource conservation,but whether it can improve soil phosphorus(P)availability and affect microbe-mediated P turnover remains elusive.Herein,we conducted a microcosm experiment to assess the impacts of RFC combined with(50 mg P kg^(-1)as KH2PO4)and without inorganic P addition on P fractions,P availability,and phoD-harboring bacterial community composition.The results revealed that RFC without P addition significantly improved P availability and phosphatase activity in paddy soil,while soil available P(AP),pH,and microbial biomass P(MBP)contributed to regulating P fractions.Moreover,the phoD-harboring bacterial abundance was linked to phosphatase activity,AP,total carbon(TC),and total P(TP)contents,and the ratios of TC to total nitrogen(TN)and TN to TP.We also found that the keystone taxa of phoD-harboring bacteria contributed to phosphatase production as well as organic P mineralization,thereby improving P availability.Our findings suggest that RFC without P addition is beneficial for promoting the expression of phoD-harboring bacterial functions to improve the capacity of P mineralization.Overall,our study provides insights into the responses of phoD-harboring bacterial functions for P turnover to RFC combined with and without P addition,showing the potential utilization of P resources in agricultural soil and the contribution of phosphatase activity to P acquisition in agriculture ecosystem.
基金Hubei Provincial Key Research Program Project(2023BCB099).
文摘Utilizing phosphorus tailings as the raw material for foam concrete is a key approach to achieving sustainable and efficient resource utilization.During the preparation of phosphorus tailings-based foam concrete,slurry performance is critical to the successful production.Phosphorus tailings,cement and microsilica were used to prepare foam concrete slurry in this study.A rheometer was employed as a test tool to measure the variation of linear viscoelastic zone(LVR),viscosity,and yield stress of the slurries with different cement contents.The results indicate that the phosphorus tailings-cement-microsilica slurry exhibits shear-thinning properties,which aligns well with the Herschel-Bulkley model,showing a high degree of correlation.As the cement content increases,the energy storage modulus of the slurry rises,and the LVR length shows a nonlinear trend.The LVR reaches its maximum length of 0.04%when the cement content is 6 mass%or 8 mass%.The increment of the cement content leads to a more intricate internal network structure,which hinders the reconstruction rate of the flocculated structure after high-shear deformation.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81960334)the Guiding Plan of Xinjiang Production Construction Corps (No. 2022ZD007)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2019TX05C343)the Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province-Regional Joint Fund-Key Projects (No. 2019B1515120043)the Project supported by the State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications (No. SKLA-2020-03)the support from Instrumental Analysis Center of Shenzhen University (Xili Campus)Instrumental Analysis Center of Shihezi University.
文摘Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death in China,accounting for approximately one-third of all stroke-associated deaths worldwide.Currently,thrombolysis is employed for ischemic strokes.However,due to the limited therapeutic window of thrombolytic agents,most patients do not receive the drug at the right time.Moreover,these agents are associated with risks of hemorrhage and reperfusion damage.Herein,Angiopep-2(ANG)-black phosphorus(BP)-resveratrol(RES),a drug-loaded system,was used to deliver drugs across the blood–brain barrier(BBB).ANG-BP-RES has a uniform size,stable structure,good photothermal effect,and strong drug release ability under near-infrared(NIR)irradiation and acidic conditions.Furthermore,ANG-BP-RES can efficiently target the brain and improve BBB permeability,exerting a significant therapeutic effect against ischemic brain injury,especially after NIR irradiation.ANG-BP-RES is also biocompatible and shows minimal toxicity toward cells and tissues.This study offers novel insights into the therapeutic management of ischemic brain injury.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21571062)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment(Eastern Scholar)at the Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning to JGL,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.222201717003)。
文摘Exploiting non-precious metal catalysts with excellent oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)performance for energy devices is paramount essential for the green and sustainable society development.Herein,low-cost,high-performance biomass-derived ORR catalysts with an asymmetric Fe-N_(3)P configuration was prepared by a simple pyrolysis-etching technique,where carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)was used as the carbon source,urea and 1,10-phenanthroline iron complex(FePhen)as additives,and Na_(3)PO_(4)as the phosphorus dopant and a pore-forming agent.The CMC-derived FeNPC catalyst displayed a large specific area(BET:1235 m^(2)g^(-1))with atomically dispersed Fe-N_(3)P active sites,which exhibited superior ORR activity and stability in alkaline solution(E_(1/2)=0.90 V vs.RHE)and Zn-air batteries(P_(max)=149 mW cm^(-2))to commercial Pt/C catalyst(E_(1/2)=0.87 V,P_(max)=118 mW cm^(-2))under similar experimental conditions.This work provides a feasible and costeffective route toward highly efficient ORR catalysts and their application to Zn-air batteries for energy conversion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFD2301200)National Nature Science Foundation of China(32172662).
文摘With the objective of investigating the basis of phosphorus(P)utilization efficiency(PUE),physiological and morphological traits,two P-efficient and two P-inefficient rapeseed(Brassica napus L.)cultivars were compared at the seedling stage.P-efficient cultivars showed root morphological adaptation,high P uptake activity,and greater phospholipid degradation under low P stress.Improving root morphological adaptation and reducing lipid-P allocation could allow increasing PUE in rapeseed seedlings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52100093,52270128,and 52261135627)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515011734 and 2021B1515120068)+2 种基金the Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Council of the Shen-zhen Government(KCXFZ20211020163556020 and SGDX20230116092359002)the Research Grants Council(17210219)the Innovation and Technology Fund(ITS/242/20FP)of the Hong Kong SAR Government。
文摘The rapidly growing demand for lithium iron phosphate(LiFePO_(4))as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)has aggravated the scarcity of phosphorus(P)reserves on Earth.This study introduces an environmentally friendly and economical method of P recovery from municipal wastewater,providing the P source for LiFePO_(4) cathodes.The novel approach utilizes the sludge of Fe-coagulant-based chemical P removal(CPR)in wastewater treatment.After a sintering treatment with acid washing,the CPR sludge,enriched with P and Fe,transforms into purified P-Fe oxides(Fe2.1P1.0O5.6).These oxides can substitute up to 35%of the FePO_(4) reagent as precursor,producing a carbon-coated LiFePO_(4)(LiFePO_(4)/C)cathode with a specific discharge capacity of 114.9 mA·h·g^(-1)at current density of 17 mA·g^(-1)),and cycle stability of 99.2%after 100 cycles.The enhanced cycle performance of the as-prepared LiFePO_(4)/C cathode may be attributed to the incorporations of impurities(such as Ca^(2+)and Na^(+))from sludge,with improved stability of crystal structure.Unlike conventional P-fertilizers,this P recovery technology converts 100%of P in CPR sludge into the production of value-added LiFePO_(4)/C cathodes.The recovered P from municipal wastewater can meet up to 35%of the P demand in the Chinese LIBs industry,offering a cost-effective solution for addressing the pressing challenges of P scarcity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42030509)the Special Project on National Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation of China(No.2021FY100705).
文摘The leaf nitrogen(N)to phosphorus(P)ratio(N:P)is a critical indicator of nutrient dynamics and ecosystem function.Investigating temporal variations in leaf N:P can provide valuable insights into how plants adapt to environmental changes and nutrient availability.However,limited research has been conducted on long-term temporal leaf N:P variation over a range of temperature zones.Using long-term monitoring data from the Chinese Ecosystem Research Network(CERN),we investigated temporal changes in leaf N and P stoichiometry for 50 dominant tree species from 10 typical forest sites across temperate and subtropical regions,and identified the underlying mechanisms driving these changes.For both regions combined,leaf P concentration of the 50 dominant tree species decreased(20.6%),whereas leaf N:P increased(52.0%)from 2005 to 2020.Leaf P decreased and leaf N:P increased in 67% and 69% of the tree species,respectively.The leaf N:P increase was primarily driven by the tree species in eastern subtropical forests,where global change factors and soil nutrients explained 68% of leaf N:P variation.The P limitation exhibited by tree species in eastern subtropical forest ecosystems intensified over time,and elevated temperature and CO_(2) levels,coupled with decreased soil available P concentrations,appear to be the main factors driving long-term leaf N:P increases in these forests.Investigating long-term variations in soil nutrients together with global change factors will improve our understanding of the nutrient status of forest ecosystems in the context of global change and will support effective forest ecosystem management.
基金financed by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)(No.PID20211234690BI00)the European Joint Program EJP_Soil(TRACE-Soils)(No.862695)+1 种基金the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(RED2018-102624TMCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)the Project PREPSOIL European Union(No.101070045,HORIZON CSA)。
文摘Whilst phosphorus(P)in soil is considered to be abundant,the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1%of the overall P present.To enhance crop productivity,the utilization of mineral P fertilizers has become pervasive in agriculture.Nonetheless,the escalating prices of chemical fertilizers,coupled with new European regulations prohibiting the use of P fertilizers containing cadmium,have highlighted the urgency to identify environmentally friendly products and practices for P fertilization in agricultural soils.This comprehensive review delves into the current landscape of P fertilization from agricultural,political,and economic standpoints.We recognize the potential of microbes in mobilizing P,but emphasize the necessity for more robust research to establish their effectiveness in promoting plant P uptake under real-world conditions.Additionally,we explore the role of agricultural conservation practices,such as optimal tillage,diversified cropping systems,and increased organic carbon input,in conserving P.Furthermore,this review contemplates forthcoming innovations in research.These innovations encompass the development of enhanced formulations for biofertilizers and the undertaking of more comprehensive studies within the realm of conservation agriculture.All these endeavors collectively hold the potential to augment P accessibility to plants in a sustainable manner,thereby advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22208322)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(No.242300421230)+1 种基金the Key Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province(No.24A530009)the Special Fund for Young Teachers from Zhengzhou University(No.JC23257011).
文摘Designing advanced electrocatalysts with high methanol tolerance in the oxygen reduction reaction process is crucial for the sustainable implementation of direct methanol fuel cells.Herein,we present a Pt/C catalyst modified with black phosphorus(BP)nanodots(BPNDs-Pt/C)by using a facile ultrasonic mixing method.Experimental and computational investigations reveal that the electron transfer from BP to Pt leads to weak adsorption of hydroxyl groups on the Pt surface.As a result,the BPNDs-Pt/C catalyst exhibits efficient activity and anti-methanol ability for cathodic oxygen reduction electrocatalysis in an acidic medium.Additionally,it demonstrates high activity for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)in an alternative alkaline system with cation exchange membrane and eliminable methanol penetration.This work highlights the feasibility of using non-metallic elements to regulate the electronic structure and surface properties of Pt-based nanomaterials.Furthermore,the designed BPNDs-Pt/C electrocatalyst,with controllable ORR performance,can be applied across various scenarios based on demand.
