In this paper the overview of a level of study of the deformation processes on long-term petroleum field development and ecological consequences accompanying them is given. In more details these processes are consider...In this paper the overview of a level of study of the deformation processes on long-term petroleum field development and ecological consequences accompanying them is given. In more details these processes are considered for the oldest Absheron petroleum bearing region (Absheron p-la, Azerbaijan) where fields are strongly depleted and the pressure drop reaches 80% from initial values. Ecological consequences of this phenomenon are the following: development in area of petroleum fields Balakhany-Sabunchi-Ramany, Surakhany, Garachukhur, Bibi-Eybat intensive process of ground subsiding (up to 47 mm/year) and flooding, frequent incidences of curved boreholes, breaks in oil, gas, and water pipelines, and sudden kicks of water and sand, occurrence of the induced seismicity (Surakhany earthquake in 1937 with magnitude 6). With purpose of forecasting of geodynamic processes creation on petroleum production complexes of system of the environmental control is recommended.展开更多
There are rich oil and gas resources in marine carbonate strata worldwide.Although most of the oil and gas reserves discovered so far are mainly distributed in Mesozoic,Cenozoic,and upper Paleozoic strata,oil and gas ...There are rich oil and gas resources in marine carbonate strata worldwide.Although most of the oil and gas reserves discovered so far are mainly distributed in Mesozoic,Cenozoic,and upper Paleozoic strata,oil and gas exploration in the Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic（PLP）strata—the oldest marine strata—has been very limited.To more clearly understand the oil and gas formation conditions and distributions in the PLP marine carbonate strata,we analyzed and characterized the petroleum geological conditions,oil and gas reservoir types,and their distributions in thirteen giant oil and gas fields worldwide.This study reveals the main factors controlling their formation and distribution.Our analyses show that the source rocks for these giant oil and gas fields are mainly shale with a great abundance of type I–II organic matter and a high thermal evolution extent.The reservoirs are mainly gas reservoirs,and the reservoir rocks are dominated by dolomite.The reservoir types are mainly karst and reef–shoal bodies with well-developed dissolved pores and cavities,intercrystalline pores,and fractures.These reservoirs arehighly heterogeneous.The burial depth of the reservoirs is highly variable and somewhat negatively correlated to the porosity.The cap rocks are mainly thick evaporites and shales,with the thickness of the cap rocks positively correlated to the oil and gas reserves.The development of high-quality evaporite cap rock is highly favorable for oil and gas preservation.We identified four hydrocarbon generation models,and that the major source rocks have undergone a long period of burial and thermal evolution and are characterized by early and long periods of hydrocarbon generation.These giant oil and gas fields have diverse types of reservoirs and are mainly distributed in paleo-uplifts,slope zones,and platform margin reef-shoal bodies.The main factors that control their formation and distribution were identified,enabling the prediction of new favorable areas for oil and gas exploration.展开更多
文摘In this paper the overview of a level of study of the deformation processes on long-term petroleum field development and ecological consequences accompanying them is given. In more details these processes are considered for the oldest Absheron petroleum bearing region (Absheron p-la, Azerbaijan) where fields are strongly depleted and the pressure drop reaches 80% from initial values. Ecological consequences of this phenomenon are the following: development in area of petroleum fields Balakhany-Sabunchi-Ramany, Surakhany, Garachukhur, Bibi-Eybat intensive process of ground subsiding (up to 47 mm/year) and flooding, frequent incidences of curved boreholes, breaks in oil, gas, and water pipelines, and sudden kicks of water and sand, occurrence of the induced seismicity (Surakhany earthquake in 1937 with magnitude 6). With purpose of forecasting of geodynamic processes creation on petroleum production complexes of system of the environmental control is recommended.
基金sponsored by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2012CB214806)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41372144)
文摘There are rich oil and gas resources in marine carbonate strata worldwide.Although most of the oil and gas reserves discovered so far are mainly distributed in Mesozoic,Cenozoic,and upper Paleozoic strata,oil and gas exploration in the Proterozoic–Lower Paleozoic（PLP）strata—the oldest marine strata—has been very limited.To more clearly understand the oil and gas formation conditions and distributions in the PLP marine carbonate strata,we analyzed and characterized the petroleum geological conditions,oil and gas reservoir types,and their distributions in thirteen giant oil and gas fields worldwide.This study reveals the main factors controlling their formation and distribution.Our analyses show that the source rocks for these giant oil and gas fields are mainly shale with a great abundance of type I–II organic matter and a high thermal evolution extent.The reservoirs are mainly gas reservoirs,and the reservoir rocks are dominated by dolomite.The reservoir types are mainly karst and reef–shoal bodies with well-developed dissolved pores and cavities,intercrystalline pores,and fractures.These reservoirs arehighly heterogeneous.The burial depth of the reservoirs is highly variable and somewhat negatively correlated to the porosity.The cap rocks are mainly thick evaporites and shales,with the thickness of the cap rocks positively correlated to the oil and gas reserves.The development of high-quality evaporite cap rock is highly favorable for oil and gas preservation.We identified four hydrocarbon generation models,and that the major source rocks have undergone a long period of burial and thermal evolution and are characterized by early and long periods of hydrocarbon generation.These giant oil and gas fields have diverse types of reservoirs and are mainly distributed in paleo-uplifts,slope zones,and platform margin reef-shoal bodies.The main factors that control their formation and distribution were identified,enabling the prediction of new favorable areas for oil and gas exploration.
