Periplocin,periplocymarin and periplogenin are the main active components of Cortex Periplocae.The most cytotoxic constituent of Cortex Periplocae,periplocin is an alpha cardiac glycoside with a steroid core and an un...Periplocin,periplocymarin and periplogenin are the main active components of Cortex Periplocae.The most cytotoxic constituent of Cortex Periplocae,periplocin is an alpha cardiac glycoside with a steroid core and an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring structure.Periplocymarin is a secondary alpha cardiac glycoside,which is produced by removing one molecule of glucose from periplocin,and periplogenin is the glycosidic portion and the basic unit of periplocin and periplocymarin.These three cardiac glycosides,by virtue of their unique pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action,mediate signaling pathways,mainly the retinoblastoma and p53 signaling pathways,and regulate cell cycle proteins,thereby hindering the proliferation of cancer cells and altering the cell cycle process.These glycosides also regulate caspase proteins by mediating endogenous and exogenous pathways,thereby inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells.This minireview focuses on the inhibitory effects of periplocin,periplocymarin and periplogenin on cancer,and explores their potential antitumor mechanisms.展开更多
To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oils from the fruit of Periploca forrestii Schltr.which were collected in Guizhou province.This volatile oils were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction (SD...To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oils from the fruit of Periploca forrestii Schltr.which were collected in Guizhou province.This volatile oils were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE)and microwave assistant extraction(MAE) method,and ananlyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)method.The main chemical compounds were methyl salicylate,β-amyrin and β-amyrin acetate etc.The compounds from the volatile oils extracted with SDE and MAE are quite different.The results provide scientific proof for the further development and utilization of Periploca forrestii Schltr.展开更多
This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A g...This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A gradient of 12 water levels was established by artificially supplying the shell sand with water up to saturation and then allowing natural evapotranspiration to occur.The photo synthetic,chlorophyll fluorescence and stem sap flow parameters of P.sepium were measured under a range of water conditions.The different soil water conditions were classified according to the responses of these parameters.(1)With the increase in the relative water content(RWC)of the shell sand,the parameters of leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence and water-related physiology in P.sepium showed significant critical responses.The net photo synthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),potential water use efficiency(WUEi),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)and daily accumulation of stem sap flow all increased first and then decreased with increasing RWC,but the corresponding water conditions associated with their maximum values were not the same.An RWC of 69.40%was determined to be the optimal water condition for photosynthesis and water-related physiological activity in P.sepium.At an RWC of 36.61%,the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition in P.sepium changed from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal limitation;this was also the minimum water requirement for maintaining normal photo synthetic processes.An RWC of 50.27%resulted in the highest WUE in P.sepium,indicating that moderate drought stress increased WUE.(2)Based on the quantitative relationship between the photo synthetic parameters of P.sepium and the shell sand water gradient,the soil water availability was classified into 6 water grades.The RWC range for maintaining strong photosynthesis and high WUE in P.sepium was 63.22-69.98%.(3)Gas exchange in P.sepium was inhibited under drought and waterlogging stresses.Under these conditions,the photosynthetic electron transport chain was blocked,and the dissipation of light energy as heat increased,which ultimately led to a decline in photo synthetic productivity;moreover,transpiration and dissipation were aggravated,and water transmission and utilization processes in P.sepium were hindered.A significant negative feedback regulation mechanism in the photosynthetic and water-related physiological processes of P.sepium was observed;this mechanism allowed P.sepium growing in shell sand to be highly adaptable to water stress.展开更多
Periploca forrestii Schltr.belonging to the family of Apocynaceae,is one of the“three treasures of Miao medicine”,which was utilized by the Miao people in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,fractures an...Periploca forrestii Schltr.belonging to the family of Apocynaceae,is one of the“three treasures of Miao medicine”,which was utilized by the Miao people in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,fractures and wound.Phytochemical investigations have discovered that the main constituents of Periploca forrestii were steroids,terpenoids,flavonoids and their glycosides,flavanols,quinones and phenylpropanoids.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it possesses a wide range of biological activities,such as anti-inflammatory,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,anticancer,immunosuppressive,neuroprotective and other properties.This paper summarized the primary chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Periploca forrestii,hoping to provide a reference for its further development and utilization.展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains the sixth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Numerous Chinese herbs have been used to prevent and treat HCC.Periploca forrestii Schltr.,b...Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains the sixth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Numerous Chinese herbs have been used to prevent and treat HCC.Periploca forrestii Schltr.,belonging to the family of Asclepiadaceae,has been reported to have strong inhibitory efficacy against various types of cancer cells,but the mechanism is unclear.Hence,we utilized the compound-disease target network based on the network pharmacology analysis to find out the active ingredients from P.forrestii and the potential target proteins involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.The results showed that the most effective compounds in this plant might be caffeoylquinic acids and the most potential target might be GMP synthase[glutamine-hydrolyzing](PDB:2vxo).This study is of great significance to the further research of P.forrestii and provides a novel treatment strategy for HCC.展开更多
Objective To increase the ultimate yield of periplocin in Periploca sepium adventitious root cultures by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.Methods Firstly,the effects of nitrogen source(NH4+-NO3-) at differ...Objective To increase the ultimate yield of periplocin in Periploca sepium adventitious root cultures by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.Methods Firstly,the effects of nitrogen source(NH4+-NO3-) at different ratios and different total initial nitrogen amounts on the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in adventitious root cultures of P.sepium were investigated,and growth and production media for the two-stage culture based on the above results were established.Results The highest biomass and periplocin content were obtained in the culture medium of 15 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with NH4+-NO3-(1:2) and 30 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source.By adopting a fed-batch cultivation strategy,the dry weight adventitious root,periplocin content and yield were increased by 136%,108%,and 389%,respectively when compared with those of the control,reaching up to 8.13 g/L,157.15 μg/g,and 1277.63 μg/L,respectively.Furthermore,it was found that in the process of two-stage culture,the adventitious roots grew thicker significantly after they were transferred into production medium directly.Conclusion The ultimate yield of periplocin in P.sepium adventitious root cultures could be significantly increased by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.展开更多
Objective：To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr.（EFPF） and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying in vivo and in vitro models. Methods：The anti...Objective：To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr.（EFPF） and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying in vivo and in vitro models. Methods：The antiinflammatory effects of EFPF were evaluated using the xylene-induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema models in vivo. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to 0–800 μg/m L EFPF and the cell viability was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay. Then cells were treated with different concentrations of EFPF（100–400 μg/m L） and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide（LPS, 1 μg/m L） for 24 h. The supernatant was analyzed for nitric oxide（NO） using the Griess reagent, and the levels of inflammatory mediators and cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for prostaglandin E2（PGE2）, tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）, interleukin（IL） 6, and IL-10. The protein expressions of inducible NO synthase（i NOS）, cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）, nuclear factor κB（NF-κB）, and mitogen-activated protein kinases（MAPKs） including extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK）, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK）, and p38 MAPK were examined by Western blot. Results：Compared with the control group, EFPF significantly reduced mouse ear edema and rat paw edema rate（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Compared with the LPS group, EFPF significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and increased the IL-10 production（P〈0.05）. EFPF also significantly inhibited LPS-induced protein expressions of i NOS and COX-2, suppressed the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB-α, decreased p65 level, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion：EFPF exerted anti-inflammatory effect by reducing protein expressions of i NOS and COX-2 and the production of the inflammation factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, NO and PGE2, mainly through inhibition of LPS-mediated stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.展开更多
基金Supported by Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project of Shandong Province,China,No.M-2023131The Science and Technology Development Fund Project of the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University,China,No.XYFM202348.
文摘Periplocin,periplocymarin and periplogenin are the main active components of Cortex Periplocae.The most cytotoxic constituent of Cortex Periplocae,periplocin is an alpha cardiac glycoside with a steroid core and an unsaturated five-membered lactone ring structure.Periplocymarin is a secondary alpha cardiac glycoside,which is produced by removing one molecule of glucose from periplocin,and periplogenin is the glycosidic portion and the basic unit of periplocin and periplocymarin.These three cardiac glycosides,by virtue of their unique pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action,mediate signaling pathways,mainly the retinoblastoma and p53 signaling pathways,and regulate cell cycle proteins,thereby hindering the proliferation of cancer cells and altering the cell cycle process.These glycosides also regulate caspase proteins by mediating endogenous and exogenous pathways,thereby inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells.This minireview focuses on the inhibitory effects of periplocin,periplocymarin and periplogenin on cancer,and explores their potential antitumor mechanisms.
文摘To analyze the chemical constituents of volatile oils from the fruit of Periploca forrestii Schltr.which were collected in Guizhou province.This volatile oils were extracted by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE)and microwave assistant extraction(MAE) method,and ananlyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)method.The main chemical compounds were methyl salicylate,β-amyrin and β-amyrin acetate etc.The compounds from the volatile oils extracted with SDE and MAE are quite different.The results provide scientific proof for the further development and utilization of Periploca forrestii Schltr.
基金supported by the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province(No.2019LY006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31770761)+1 种基金Open Research Fund Program of Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta(Binzhou University)(No.2020KFJJ03)the Taishan Scholars Program of Shandong ProvincemChina(No.TSQN201909152)。
文摘This study was performed to observe the effects of water on photosynthesis and water-related physiology in dominant shrubs in shell sand habitats.Four-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings were used as model species.A gradient of 12 water levels was established by artificially supplying the shell sand with water up to saturation and then allowing natural evapotranspiration to occur.The photo synthetic,chlorophyll fluorescence and stem sap flow parameters of P.sepium were measured under a range of water conditions.The different soil water conditions were classified according to the responses of these parameters.(1)With the increase in the relative water content(RWC)of the shell sand,the parameters of leaf photosynthesis,chlorophyll fluorescence and water-related physiology in P.sepium showed significant critical responses.The net photo synthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),instantaneous water use efficiency(WUE),potential water use efficiency(WUEi),maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm),actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSII)and daily accumulation of stem sap flow all increased first and then decreased with increasing RWC,but the corresponding water conditions associated with their maximum values were not the same.An RWC of 69.40%was determined to be the optimal water condition for photosynthesis and water-related physiological activity in P.sepium.At an RWC of 36.61%,the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition in P.sepium changed from stomatal limitation to nonstomatal limitation;this was also the minimum water requirement for maintaining normal photo synthetic processes.An RWC of 50.27%resulted in the highest WUE in P.sepium,indicating that moderate drought stress increased WUE.(2)Based on the quantitative relationship between the photo synthetic parameters of P.sepium and the shell sand water gradient,the soil water availability was classified into 6 water grades.The RWC range for maintaining strong photosynthesis and high WUE in P.sepium was 63.22-69.98%.(3)Gas exchange in P.sepium was inhibited under drought and waterlogging stresses.Under these conditions,the photosynthetic electron transport chain was blocked,and the dissipation of light energy as heat increased,which ultimately led to a decline in photo synthetic productivity;moreover,transpiration and dissipation were aggravated,and water transmission and utilization processes in P.sepium were hindered.A significant negative feedback regulation mechanism in the photosynthetic and water-related physiological processes of P.sepium was observed;this mechanism allowed P.sepium growing in shell sand to be highly adaptable to water stress.
文摘Periploca forrestii Schltr.belonging to the family of Apocynaceae,is one of the“three treasures of Miao medicine”,which was utilized by the Miao people in China for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,fractures and wound.Phytochemical investigations have discovered that the main constituents of Periploca forrestii were steroids,terpenoids,flavonoids and their glycosides,flavanols,quinones and phenylpropanoids.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that it possesses a wide range of biological activities,such as anti-inflammatory,anti-rheumatoid arthritis,anticancer,immunosuppressive,neuroprotective and other properties.This paper summarized the primary chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Periploca forrestii,hoping to provide a reference for its further development and utilization.
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)remains the sixth most common malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer death worldwide.Numerous Chinese herbs have been used to prevent and treat HCC.Periploca forrestii Schltr.,belonging to the family of Asclepiadaceae,has been reported to have strong inhibitory efficacy against various types of cancer cells,but the mechanism is unclear.Hence,we utilized the compound-disease target network based on the network pharmacology analysis to find out the active ingredients from P.forrestii and the potential target proteins involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.The results showed that the most effective compounds in this plant might be caffeoylquinic acids and the most potential target might be GMP synthase[glutamine-hydrolyzing](PDB:2vxo).This study is of great significance to the further research of P.forrestii and provides a novel treatment strategy for HCC.
文摘Objective To increase the ultimate yield of periplocin in Periploca sepium adventitious root cultures by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.Methods Firstly,the effects of nitrogen source(NH4+-NO3-) at different ratios and different total initial nitrogen amounts on the accumulation of biomass and secondary metabolites in adventitious root cultures of P.sepium were investigated,and growth and production media for the two-stage culture based on the above results were established.Results The highest biomass and periplocin content were obtained in the culture medium of 15 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with NH4+-NO3-(1:2) and 30 mmol/L total nitrogen amount with nitrate as the sole nitrogen source.By adopting a fed-batch cultivation strategy,the dry weight adventitious root,periplocin content and yield were increased by 136%,108%,and 389%,respectively when compared with those of the control,reaching up to 8.13 g/L,157.15 μg/g,and 1277.63 μg/L,respectively.Furthermore,it was found that in the process of two-stage culture,the adventitious roots grew thicker significantly after they were transferred into production medium directly.Conclusion The ultimate yield of periplocin in P.sepium adventitious root cultures could be significantly increased by a two-stage culture based on nitrogen source.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81460641,No.81660691)
文摘Objective：To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanol fraction of Periploca forrestii Schltr.（EFPF） and to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying in vivo and in vitro models. Methods：The antiinflammatory effects of EFPF were evaluated using the xylene-induced mouse ear edema and carrageenan-induced rat paw edema models in vivo. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to 0–800 μg/m L EFPF and the cell viability was determined by 3-（4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide（MTT） assay. Then cells were treated with different concentrations of EFPF（100–400 μg/m L） and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide（LPS, 1 μg/m L） for 24 h. The supernatant was analyzed for nitric oxide（NO） using the Griess reagent, and the levels of inflammatory mediators and cytokines were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for prostaglandin E2（PGE2）, tumor necrosis factor α（TNF-α）, interleukin（IL） 6, and IL-10. The protein expressions of inducible NO synthase（i NOS）, cyclooxygenase-2（COX-2）, nuclear factor κB（NF-κB）, and mitogen-activated protein kinases（MAPKs） including extracellular signal-regulated kinase（ERK）, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK）, and p38 MAPK were examined by Western blot. Results：Compared with the control group, EFPF significantly reduced mouse ear edema and rat paw edema rate（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Compared with the LPS group, EFPF significantly inhibited the LPS-stimulated production of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）, and increased the IL-10 production（P〈0.05）. EFPF also significantly inhibited LPS-induced protein expressions of i NOS and COX-2, suppressed the phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-κB-α, decreased p65 level, and inhibited the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2 and JNK（P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. Conclusion：EFPF exerted anti-inflammatory effect by reducing protein expressions of i NOS and COX-2 and the production of the inflammation factors, including TNF-α, IL-6, NO and PGE2, mainly through inhibition of LPS-mediated stimulation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
