High spatial frequency laser induced periodic surface structures(HSFLs)on silicon substrates are often developed on flat surfaces at low fluences near ablation threshold of 0.1 J/cm2,seldom on microstructures or micro...High spatial frequency laser induced periodic surface structures(HSFLs)on silicon substrates are often developed on flat surfaces at low fluences near ablation threshold of 0.1 J/cm2,seldom on microstructures or microgrooves at relatively higher fluences above 1 J/cm^2.This work aims to enrich the variety of HSFLs-containing hierarchical microstructures,by femtosecond laser(pulse duration:457 fs,wavelength:1045 nm,and repetition rate:100 kHz)in liquids(water and acetone)at laser fluence of 1.7 J/cm^2.The period of Si-HSFLs in the range of 110–200 nm is independent of the scanning speeds(0.1,0.5,1 and 2 mm/s),line intervals(5,15 and 20μm)of scanning lines and scanning directions(perpendicular or parallel to light polarization direction).It is interestingly found that besides normal HSFLs whose orientations are perpendicular to the direction of light polarization,both clockwise or anticlockwise randomly tilted HSFLs with a maximal deviation angle of 50°as compared to those of normal HSFLSs are found on the microstructures with height gradients.Raman spectra and SEM characterization jointly clarify that surface melting and nanocapillary waves play important roles in the formation of Si-HSFLs.The fact that no HSFLs are produced by laser ablation in air indicates that moderate melting facilitated with ultrafast liquid cooling is beneficial for the formation of HSFLs by LALs.On the basis of our findings and previous reports,a synergistic formation mechanism for HSFLs at high fluence was proposed and discussed,including thermal melting with the concomitance of ultrafast cooling in liquids,transformation of the molten layers into ripples and nanotips by surface plasmon polaritons(SPP)and second-harmonic generation(SHG),and modulation of Si-HSFLs direction by both nanocapillary waves and the localized electric field coming from the excited large Si particles.展开更多
The early developmental period is a critical window during which brain cells mature and contribute to both brain development and later life functions.Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),recognized as a major neurotransmitte...The early developmental period is a critical window during which brain cells mature and contribute to both brain development and later life functions.Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),recognized as a major neurotransmitter,plays a crucial role in coordinating synapse formation,neuronal proliferation,and migration during this time.展开更多
Based on the thermodynamic characteristics of the summer monsoon and foe change of the lower layer wind fields, the relation between the early summer flood periods of southern China, Including the first flood period o...Based on the thermodynamic characteristics of the summer monsoon and foe change of the lower layer wind fields, the relation between the early summer flood periods of southern China, Including the first flood period of South China and the plum rains period of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the activities of the summer monsoon is analysed. The establishment processes of the summer monsoon circulation of East Asia are investigated. It is shown that the beginning and ending of the flood periods are exactly in accordance with the arrival and departure of the fore boundary of the summer monsoon. The establishment process of the circulation from the very beginning of the arrival of the monsoon to the time of great prosperity of development are not the same for each year. They can be classified into four categories. Each category may have four or three stages. Besides, the structure of the summer monsoon regime of East Asia is not unitary. There exist four types of structure model of the monsoon regime of East Asia.展开更多
This paper proposes a printed log-periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) for ultra wide bandwidth (UWB) applications. The antenna comprises of cascading four U shaped elements of different line lengths with balun circuit to i...This paper proposes a printed log-periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) for ultra wide bandwidth (UWB) applications. The antenna comprises of cascading four U shaped elements of different line lengths with balun circuit to improve the antenna impedance matching. The proposed antenna dimensions are 50 × 50 mm2 with FR4 substrate thickness 0.8 mm. Full-wave EM solver HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) is used for modeling the proposed antenna. The pulse distortion is verified by the measured the proposed antenna performance with virtually steady group delay. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed antenna exhibits good impedance matching, stable radiation patterns throughout the whole operating frequency bands, acceptable gain and stable group delay over the entire operating band. An UWB extended from 1.85 GHz to 11 GHz is obtained, and the average antenna gain is about 5.5 dBi over the operating band with peak gain around 6.5 dBi and 70% average radiation efficiency.展开更多
Several buried paleo-channels are located on the continental shelf of the western Yellow Sea. Research on the paleochannels is significant for both theoretical studies and practical applications. In this paper, we ana...Several buried paleo-channels are located on the continental shelf of the western Yellow Sea. Research on the paleochannels is significant for both theoretical studies and practical applications. In this paper, we analyse and discuss the mineralogy of sediments in a core(SYS-0803) recovered from a buried paleo-channel on the continental shelf of the western Yellow Sea. The aim is to determine the provenance of sediments that fill the paleo-channel. The heavy mineral assemblage of sediments in the core consists of schistose minerals, common hornblende, epidote, and ilmenite. The light mineral assemblage consists of plagioclase, quartz, lithic fragments, and K-feldspar. Analysis of the compositional maturity of the sand fraction revealed a quartz/feldspar ratio of < 1. A relatively high percentage of smectite is recorded throughout the entire paleo-channel fill, with the greatest percentage in the middle to lower parts. The detrital mineral assemblage and clay mineral content indicate that the paleo-channel sediments were sourced mainly from the Huanghe River during the last glacial period.展开更多
This paper posits that the observed resonance with 28 GeV at the LHC is the pseudoscalar top-bottom quark-antiquark composite which has the calculated mass of 27.9 GeV derived from the periodic table of elementary par...This paper posits that the observed resonance with 28 GeV at the LHC is the pseudoscalar top-bottom quark-antiquark composite which has the calculated mass of 27.9 GeV derived from the periodic table of elementary particles. The calculated mass is for the mass of?. In the periodic table of elementary particles, t quark (13.2 GeV) in the pseudoscalar top-bottom quark-antiquark composite is only a part of full t quark (175.4 GeV), so pseudoscalar?(26.4 GeV) cannot exist independently, and can exist only in the top-bottom quark-antiquark composite. As shown in the observation at the LHC, the resonance with 28 GeV weakens significantly at the higher energy collision (13 TeV), because at the higher collision energy, low-mass pseudoscalar? in the composite likely becomes independent full high-mass vector? moving out of the composite. The periodic table of elementary particles is based on the seven mass dimensional orbitals derived from the seven extra dimensions of 11 spacetime dimensional membrane. The calculated masses of hadrons are in excellent agreement with the observed masses of hadrons by using only five known constants. For examples, the calculated masses of proton, neutron, pion (π±), and pion (±0) are 938.261, 939.425, 139.540, and 134.982 MeV in excellent agreement with the observed 938.272, 939.565, 139.570, and 134.977MeV, respectively with 0.0006%, 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.004%, respectively for the difference between the calculated and observed mass. The calculated masses of the Higgs bosons as the intermediate vector boson composites are in excellent agreements with the observed masses. In conclusion, the calculated masses of the top-bottom quark-antiquark composite (27.9 GeV), hadrons, and the Higgs bosons by the periodic table of elementary particles are in excellent agreement with the observed masses of resonance with 28 GeV at the LHC, hadrons, and the Higgs bosons, respectively.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction in the treatment of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.Methods:80 p...Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction in the treatment of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.Methods:80 patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM were randomly divided into control group and intervention group.The control group was treated with 1 mg of estazolam tablets at 9 PM every night;while the intervention group was given common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction based on the estazolam tablets.After 2 weeks of treatment and after 2 weeks of withdrawal,the improvement in sleep was observed.Results:After 2 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the intervention group(97.5%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.0%).The difference was statistically significant.After 2 weeks of withdrawal,the intervention group still had an effective rate of 87.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(55.0%).Conclusion:common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction can improve the short-term and long-term sleep quality of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.展开更多
This paper posits that the upward-going ANITA events are derived from the cosmic ray of the baryonic-dark matter (BDM) Higgs boson. In the extended standard model (ESM) for baryonic matter and dark matter, the spontan...This paper posits that the upward-going ANITA events are derived from the cosmic ray of the baryonic-dark matter (BDM) Higgs boson. In the extended standard model (ESM) for baryonic matter and dark matter, the spontaneous symmetry breaking through the Higgs mechanism for the symmetrical massless baryonic matter left-handed neutrinos and massless dark matter right-handed neutrinos produced massless baryonic matter left-handed neutrinos, sterile massive dark matter neutrinos, and the BDM Higgs boson. The BDM Higgs boson is the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the high-mass dark matter neutrino. During the passage through the high-density part of the Earth, the BDM Higgs boson is transformed into the oscillating BDM Higgs boson between the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the high-mass dark matter neutrino and the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the low-mass dark matter neutrino. The oscillating BDM Higgs boson decays into the high-mass tau neutrino with the extra energy and the low-mass dark matter neutrino (27 eV) in the low-density water-ice layer of the Earth. The high-mass tau neutrino is converted into ultra-high-energy tau neutrino which decays into tau lepton through the charged-current interactions, and tau lepton emerges from the surface of ice. Based on the periodic table of elementary particles, the calculated value for the high-mass tau neutrino with the extra energy is 0.47 EeV in good agreement with the observed 0.56 and 0.6 EeV. The periodic table of elementary particles for baryonic matter, dark matter, and gravity is based on the seven principal mass dimensional orbitals for stable baryonic matter leptons (electron and left-handed neutrinos), gauge bosons, gravity, and dark matter and the seven auxiliary mass dimensional orbitals for unstable leptons (muon and tau) and quarks, and calculates accurately the masses of all elementary particles and the cosmic rays by using only five known constants.展开更多
Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However...Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However, the atmospheric environment in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and Fenwei Plain is still severe, and especially during the heating period heavy pollution occurs frequently, which has become the focus and difficulty of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and is also the weakest link of China s air pollution control at present. How to alleviate air pollution, how to win the battle of pollution prevention and control, how to hold the fruits of the blue sky defense war, energy consumption is key.展开更多
The microstructure polymer optical fibre (mPOF) inscribed long period grating (LPG) offers a wide field of application in strain sensors arena within the materials elastic limit. Flexible innovative macro fibre compos...The microstructure polymer optical fibre (mPOF) inscribed long period grating (LPG) offers a wide field of application in strain sensors arena within the materials elastic limit. Flexible innovative macro fibre composite (MFC) actuator generates electromechanical force under DC driving voltage. We propose a novel method for Bragg wavelength blue shifting through stretch tuning of mPOF LPG in axial direction under applied DC voltage on attached MFC with LPG. The grating period of mPOF LPG changes refractive index and causes blue shift of Bragg grating fibre wavelength. The shifting governs on the values of generated electromechanically strain transfer from flexible MFC to mPOF LPG and they have potential applications in strain sensor.展开更多
We apply the distributional derivative to study the existence of solutions of the second order periodic boundary value problems involving the distributional Henstock-Kurzweil integral. The distributional Henstock-Kurz...We apply the distributional derivative to study the existence of solutions of the second order periodic boundary value problems involving the distributional Henstock-Kurzweil integral. The distributional Henstock-Kurzweil integral is a general intergral, which contains the Lebesgue and Henstock-Kurzweil integrals. And the distributional derivative includes ordinary derivatives and approximate derivatives. By using the method of upper and lower solutions and a fixed point theorem, we achieve some results which are the generalizations of some previous results in the literatures.展开更多
Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been used in various surgical professions in recent years and is widely accepted by doctors. This concept not only helps patients speed up postoperative recovery, reduce the ...Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been used in various surgical professions in recent years and is widely accepted by doctors. This concept not only helps patients speed up postoperative recovery, reduce the incidence of related complications and shorten hospital stays, but also has been proved to be effective and safe in the perioperative application of gastric cancer. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of enhanced recovery after surgery in the perioperative period of advanced gastric cancer in the elderly.展开更多
The study of natural radioactivity of objects which are able to change their temporal timing feature is presented. It is of interest to compare the latest data on the activity of the Sun and the periodicity of solar n...The study of natural radioactivity of objects which are able to change their temporal timing feature is presented. It is of interest to compare the latest data on the activity of the Sun and the periodicity of solar neutrinos and the temporal characteristics of the radioactive source. That is, to conduct a search for the possible influence of external sources for radioactivity. There are cycles 5 min, 18 min and 53 min found in solar physics. The cycle of 27 days corresponds to the activity of the Sun. During of the solar activeity these temporal pulsations are lost in a strong variation of solar wind (Neugebauer, NASA). The Stanford University scientists (P. Starrek, G. Valter and M. Vitlend) have found the cycle of 28.4 days as pulsations of the solar neutrinos. Neutrinos come from the depths of the Sun and they tell about the frequency of oscillations of solar bowels. It is also seen online: Kostyantynivska L. V. Solar activity. Search experiment is better to have a known but modified experiment. Experiments on monitoring natural radioactivity and the possible influence from the Sun were previously carried out by measuring the variations of the gamma-ray sample of ore from the TransBaikal uranium deposit;the characteristics of the sample are known. The spectrum of temporal variations in the activity of the sample Zabaikalskaya radioactive ore contains peaks which coincide with the period of natural oscillations of the Sun. The capture cross section of the radioactive heavy deformed nucleus in time decay increases in many orders and is able to interact with the stream of solar neutrinos which are modulated by own oscillations of the Sun. The picks of spectrum of long-period oscillations of the Earth exceed its own contain peaks that match the value with an accuracy of 1% 3% with peaks of its own oscillations of the Sun. The mechanism of excitation of these oscillations is similar to the nature of variations in the activity of a radioactive sample of ore. These effects are included in the mechanisms of interaction of the Earth—the Sun systems and impact on seismicity;search problem of existing natural nuclear reactor inside Earth core.展开更多
Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and...Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and surrounding refractive index are optimized in a way to operate at a point called turn around point on phase matching curves of these gratings. Turn around point LPFGs are well known for their ultrahigh sensitivity to external parameters. Potential of operating LPFG at or near turn around point has been investigated by many researchers in various applications including physical parameter sensing, adulteration detection, radiation dose, etc. Since TAP LPFGs are in investigation phase therefore a lot of rigorous & efficient work in finding techniques for optimizing their potential as sensor in chemical, biochemical, structural health monitoring is still to be carried out. A brief review of work carried out in this domain till now is presented here and key findings from literature review are highlighted.展开更多
We present a numerical investigation of the propagation and the switching of ultra-short pulses (100 fs) in a two-core nonlinear coupler of photonic crystal fibers constructed with periodically modulated the non-linea...We present a numerical investigation of the propagation and the switching of ultra-short pulses (100 fs) in a two-core nonlinear coupler of photonic crystal fibers constructed with periodically modulated the non-linearity fiber (PMNL-PFC). Our simulations are taking into account different amplitude and frequency modulations of the PMNL-PFC. A coupler for coupling whose length is Lc = 1.8 cm, the transmission characteristics, the compression factor, the crosstalk (Xtalk) and extinction ratio (Xratio) levels of the first order solitons were studied for low to high pump energies considering 2Lc. By an analysis on the reference channel (channel 2), it is observed that at low modulation frequencies an increase occurs in the switching power increasing transmission efficiency. For high modulation frequencies, the transmitted energy efficiency loses. The switching pulses are stronger for low frequency and high amplitude modulation. The Xtalk is a function of the measurement made on the secondary channel (channel 1). It was observed that this unwanted high-frequency energy increases to lessen the measure of the amplitude modulation. In summary, we have demonstrated that introduction of a non-linearity profile takes the periodically modulated PMNL-PFC to strong variations at transmission efficiency, Xtalk, Xratio a function of frequency and modulation amplitude and the input power.展开更多
In this paper, we consider an almost periodic system which includes a system of the type , where k is a positive integer, aij are almost periodic in n and satisfy aij(n)≥0 for i≠j,? for 1≤j≤m. In the special case ...In this paper, we consider an almost periodic system which includes a system of the type , where k is a positive integer, aij are almost periodic in n and satisfy aij(n)≥0 for i≠j,? for 1≤j≤m. In the special case where aij(n) are constant functions, above system is a mathematical model of gas dynamics and was treated by T. Carleman and R. D. Jenks for differential systems. In the main theorem, we show that if the m X m matrix (aij(n)) is irreducible, then there exists a positive almost periodic solution which is unique and has some stability. Moreover, we can see that this result gives R. D. Jenks’ result for differential model in the case where aij(n) are constant functions. In Section 3, we consider the linear system with variable cofficients . Even in nonlinear problems, this linear system plays an important role, as their variational equations, and it is requested to determine the uniform asymptotically stability of the zero solution from the information about A(n). In order to obtain the existence of almost periodic solutions of both linear and nonlinear almost periodic discrete systems: above linear system and? for 1≤i≤m, respectively, we shall consider between certain stability properties, which are referred to as uniformly asymptotically stable, and the diagonal dominance matrix condition.展开更多
Private monochromatic solutions of the free-field equation of electro-gravimagnetic charges and currents are constructed in the differential algebra of biquaternions, which describe elementary particles as standing el...Private monochromatic solutions of the free-field equation of electro-gravimagnetic charges and currents are constructed in the differential algebra of biquaternions, which describe elementary particles as standing electro-gravimagnetic waves. The two classes of solutions of this biquaternionic wave equation have been investigated, generated by scalar potentials (pulsars) and vectorial potentials (spinors). Their asymptotic properties are considered, on the base of which they are classified into heavy (boson) and light (lepton) elementary particles. The biquaternion representation of the hydrogen atom is given. The periodic system of elements is produced, which is built on the principle of the musical structure of a simple gamma.展开更多
Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered tremendous and continuous attention in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR),due to their compelling potential in broadening the light-harvesting range,elevating t...Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered tremendous and continuous attention in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR),due to their compelling potential in broadening the light-harvesting range,elevating the charge separation/transfer efficiency,and enhancing surface reaction.Despite the surge in research and the expanding range of potential central metal candidates—including d-block,p-block,and rare metal elements,etc.—the comprehension of the structure-function relationships between the central metal and its performance remains elusive.Hence,categorized by different areas of the central metal element from periodic table,we outline the recent progress and challenges on SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.We begin by describing various synthetic strategies employed for SACs.Subsequently,a clear classification of the SACs applications in photocatalytic CO_(2)RR is provided,according to the central metal elements in different blocks of the periodic table.We also discussed how isolated metal single-atom sites from different blocks of the periodic table improve the performance of photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction from the perspective of charge separation and transfer.Finally,we end this review with some perspectives and challenges associated with SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Through this review,we aim to enrich the element diversity of SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR,reveal trends in element evolution,and propose directions for future development in this flourishing field.展开更多
The Gardner equation with a variable-coefficient from fluid dynamics and plasma physics is investigated. Different kinds of solutions including breather-type soliton and two soliton solutions are obtained using biline...The Gardner equation with a variable-coefficient from fluid dynamics and plasma physics is investigated. Different kinds of solutions including breather-type soliton and two soliton solutions are obtained using bilinear method and extended homoclinic test approach. The proposed method can also be applied to solve other types of higher dimensional integrable and non-integrable systems.展开更多
A twist sensor with hybrid few-mode tilted fiber Bragg grating(FM-TFBG) and few-mode long period grating(FM-LPG) in fiber laser cavity is demonstrated. The FM-LPG is utilized to excite LP11 core mode. The FM-TFBG is u...A twist sensor with hybrid few-mode tilted fiber Bragg grating(FM-TFBG) and few-mode long period grating(FM-LPG) in fiber laser cavity is demonstrated. The FM-LPG is utilized to excite LP11 core mode. The FM-TFBG is used for sensing. The transverse modes at 1 553.9 nm and 1 550.5 nm are LP01 and LP21 core modes, respectively, which are coupled from forward-propagating LP11 core mode. These two excitation wavelengths have opposite variation tendencies, which participate in sensing. The twist sensitivity of 0.16 dB/° from-40° to 40° is achieved. The proposed sensor has potentially used for structure monitoring in many areas.展开更多
文摘High spatial frequency laser induced periodic surface structures(HSFLs)on silicon substrates are often developed on flat surfaces at low fluences near ablation threshold of 0.1 J/cm2,seldom on microstructures or microgrooves at relatively higher fluences above 1 J/cm^2.This work aims to enrich the variety of HSFLs-containing hierarchical microstructures,by femtosecond laser(pulse duration:457 fs,wavelength:1045 nm,and repetition rate:100 kHz)in liquids(water and acetone)at laser fluence of 1.7 J/cm^2.The period of Si-HSFLs in the range of 110–200 nm is independent of the scanning speeds(0.1,0.5,1 and 2 mm/s),line intervals(5,15 and 20μm)of scanning lines and scanning directions(perpendicular or parallel to light polarization direction).It is interestingly found that besides normal HSFLs whose orientations are perpendicular to the direction of light polarization,both clockwise or anticlockwise randomly tilted HSFLs with a maximal deviation angle of 50°as compared to those of normal HSFLSs are found on the microstructures with height gradients.Raman spectra and SEM characterization jointly clarify that surface melting and nanocapillary waves play important roles in the formation of Si-HSFLs.The fact that no HSFLs are produced by laser ablation in air indicates that moderate melting facilitated with ultrafast liquid cooling is beneficial for the formation of HSFLs by LALs.On the basis of our findings and previous reports,a synergistic formation mechanism for HSFLs at high fluence was proposed and discussed,including thermal melting with the concomitance of ultrafast cooling in liquids,transformation of the molten layers into ripples and nanotips by surface plasmon polaritons(SPP)and second-harmonic generation(SHG),and modulation of Si-HSFLs direction by both nanocapillary waves and the localized electric field coming from the excited large Si particles.
基金supported by the Center for Cognition and Sociality,Institute for Basic Science(IBS)(IBS-R001-D2)(to WK).
文摘The early developmental period is a critical window during which brain cells mature and contribute to both brain development and later life functions.Gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA),recognized as a major neurotransmitter,plays a crucial role in coordinating synapse formation,neuronal proliferation,and migration during this time.
文摘Based on the thermodynamic characteristics of the summer monsoon and foe change of the lower layer wind fields, the relation between the early summer flood periods of southern China, Including the first flood period of South China and the plum rains period of the middle-lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the activities of the summer monsoon is analysed. The establishment processes of the summer monsoon circulation of East Asia are investigated. It is shown that the beginning and ending of the flood periods are exactly in accordance with the arrival and departure of the fore boundary of the summer monsoon. The establishment process of the circulation from the very beginning of the arrival of the monsoon to the time of great prosperity of development are not the same for each year. They can be classified into four categories. Each category may have four or three stages. Besides, the structure of the summer monsoon regime of East Asia is not unitary. There exist four types of structure model of the monsoon regime of East Asia.
文摘This paper proposes a printed log-periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) for ultra wide bandwidth (UWB) applications. The antenna comprises of cascading four U shaped elements of different line lengths with balun circuit to improve the antenna impedance matching. The proposed antenna dimensions are 50 × 50 mm2 with FR4 substrate thickness 0.8 mm. Full-wave EM solver HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) is used for modeling the proposed antenna. The pulse distortion is verified by the measured the proposed antenna performance with virtually steady group delay. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed antenna exhibits good impedance matching, stable radiation patterns throughout the whole operating frequency bands, acceptable gain and stable group delay over the entire operating band. An UWB extended from 1.85 GHz to 11 GHz is obtained, and the average antenna gain is about 5.5 dBi over the operating band with peak gain around 6.5 dBi and 70% average radiation efficiency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41476051)China-ASEAN maritime cooperation fund(Comparative Study of Holocene Sedimentary Evolution of the Yangtze River Delta and the Red River Delta)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation Project(No.41606059)Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology Foundation Project(No.MRE201309)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China(No.ZR2016DL04)
文摘Several buried paleo-channels are located on the continental shelf of the western Yellow Sea. Research on the paleochannels is significant for both theoretical studies and practical applications. In this paper, we analyse and discuss the mineralogy of sediments in a core(SYS-0803) recovered from a buried paleo-channel on the continental shelf of the western Yellow Sea. The aim is to determine the provenance of sediments that fill the paleo-channel. The heavy mineral assemblage of sediments in the core consists of schistose minerals, common hornblende, epidote, and ilmenite. The light mineral assemblage consists of plagioclase, quartz, lithic fragments, and K-feldspar. Analysis of the compositional maturity of the sand fraction revealed a quartz/feldspar ratio of < 1. A relatively high percentage of smectite is recorded throughout the entire paleo-channel fill, with the greatest percentage in the middle to lower parts. The detrital mineral assemblage and clay mineral content indicate that the paleo-channel sediments were sourced mainly from the Huanghe River during the last glacial period.
文摘This paper posits that the observed resonance with 28 GeV at the LHC is the pseudoscalar top-bottom quark-antiquark composite which has the calculated mass of 27.9 GeV derived from the periodic table of elementary particles. The calculated mass is for the mass of?. In the periodic table of elementary particles, t quark (13.2 GeV) in the pseudoscalar top-bottom quark-antiquark composite is only a part of full t quark (175.4 GeV), so pseudoscalar?(26.4 GeV) cannot exist independently, and can exist only in the top-bottom quark-antiquark composite. As shown in the observation at the LHC, the resonance with 28 GeV weakens significantly at the higher energy collision (13 TeV), because at the higher collision energy, low-mass pseudoscalar? in the composite likely becomes independent full high-mass vector? moving out of the composite. The periodic table of elementary particles is based on the seven mass dimensional orbitals derived from the seven extra dimensions of 11 spacetime dimensional membrane. The calculated masses of hadrons are in excellent agreement with the observed masses of hadrons by using only five known constants. For examples, the calculated masses of proton, neutron, pion (π±), and pion (±0) are 938.261, 939.425, 139.540, and 134.982 MeV in excellent agreement with the observed 938.272, 939.565, 139.570, and 134.977MeV, respectively with 0.0006%, 0.01%, 0.02%, and 0.004%, respectively for the difference between the calculated and observed mass. The calculated masses of the Higgs bosons as the intermediate vector boson composites are in excellent agreements with the observed masses. In conclusion, the calculated masses of the top-bottom quark-antiquark composite (27.9 GeV), hadrons, and the Higgs bosons by the periodic table of elementary particles are in excellent agreement with the observed masses of resonance with 28 GeV at the LHC, hadrons, and the Higgs bosons, respectively.
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction in the treatment of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.Methods:80 patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM were randomly divided into control group and intervention group.The control group was treated with 1 mg of estazolam tablets at 9 PM every night;while the intervention group was given common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction based on the estazolam tablets.After 2 weeks of treatment and after 2 weeks of withdrawal,the improvement in sleep was observed.Results:After 2 weeks of treatment,the efficacy of the intervention group(97.5%)was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.0%).The difference was statistically significant.After 2 weeks of withdrawal,the intervention group still had an effective rate of 87.5%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(55.0%).Conclusion:common goldenrop decoction combined with ramuli cinnamomi decoction can improve the short-term and long-term sleep quality of patients with insomnia during the period of the day from 11 PM to 3 AM.
文摘This paper posits that the upward-going ANITA events are derived from the cosmic ray of the baryonic-dark matter (BDM) Higgs boson. In the extended standard model (ESM) for baryonic matter and dark matter, the spontaneous symmetry breaking through the Higgs mechanism for the symmetrical massless baryonic matter left-handed neutrinos and massless dark matter right-handed neutrinos produced massless baryonic matter left-handed neutrinos, sterile massive dark matter neutrinos, and the BDM Higgs boson. The BDM Higgs boson is the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the high-mass dark matter neutrino. During the passage through the high-density part of the Earth, the BDM Higgs boson is transformed into the oscillating BDM Higgs boson between the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the high-mass dark matter neutrino and the composite of the high-mass tau neutrino and the low-mass dark matter neutrino. The oscillating BDM Higgs boson decays into the high-mass tau neutrino with the extra energy and the low-mass dark matter neutrino (27 eV) in the low-density water-ice layer of the Earth. The high-mass tau neutrino is converted into ultra-high-energy tau neutrino which decays into tau lepton through the charged-current interactions, and tau lepton emerges from the surface of ice. Based on the periodic table of elementary particles, the calculated value for the high-mass tau neutrino with the extra energy is 0.47 EeV in good agreement with the observed 0.56 and 0.6 EeV. The periodic table of elementary particles for baryonic matter, dark matter, and gravity is based on the seven principal mass dimensional orbitals for stable baryonic matter leptons (electron and left-handed neutrinos), gauge bosons, gravity, and dark matter and the seven auxiliary mass dimensional orbitals for unstable leptons (muon and tau) and quarks, and calculates accurately the masses of all elementary particles and the cosmic rays by using only five known constants.
基金Supported by Special Project for Research on Prevention and Control of Air Pollution from Fire Coal in 2018 of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China(2018A030)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41771498)
文摘Since the implementation of the Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control , all regions of China have steadily promoted the prevention and control of air pollution and achieved results continuously. However, the atmospheric environment in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and Fenwei Plain is still severe, and especially during the heating period heavy pollution occurs frequently, which has become the focus and difficulty of improving the quality of the atmospheric environment and is also the weakest link of China s air pollution control at present. How to alleviate air pollution, how to win the battle of pollution prevention and control, how to hold the fruits of the blue sky defense war, energy consumption is key.
文摘The microstructure polymer optical fibre (mPOF) inscribed long period grating (LPG) offers a wide field of application in strain sensors arena within the materials elastic limit. Flexible innovative macro fibre composite (MFC) actuator generates electromechanical force under DC driving voltage. We propose a novel method for Bragg wavelength blue shifting through stretch tuning of mPOF LPG in axial direction under applied DC voltage on attached MFC with LPG. The grating period of mPOF LPG changes refractive index and causes blue shift of Bragg grating fibre wavelength. The shifting governs on the values of generated electromechanically strain transfer from flexible MFC to mPOF LPG and they have potential applications in strain sensor.
文摘We apply the distributional derivative to study the existence of solutions of the second order periodic boundary value problems involving the distributional Henstock-Kurzweil integral. The distributional Henstock-Kurzweil integral is a general intergral, which contains the Lebesgue and Henstock-Kurzweil integrals. And the distributional derivative includes ordinary derivatives and approximate derivatives. By using the method of upper and lower solutions and a fixed point theorem, we achieve some results which are the generalizations of some previous results in the literatures.
文摘Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) has been used in various surgical professions in recent years and is widely accepted by doctors. This concept not only helps patients speed up postoperative recovery, reduce the incidence of related complications and shorten hospital stays, but also has been proved to be effective and safe in the perioperative application of gastric cancer. This article reviews the clinical application and research progress of enhanced recovery after surgery in the perioperative period of advanced gastric cancer in the elderly.
文摘The study of natural radioactivity of objects which are able to change their temporal timing feature is presented. It is of interest to compare the latest data on the activity of the Sun and the periodicity of solar neutrinos and the temporal characteristics of the radioactive source. That is, to conduct a search for the possible influence of external sources for radioactivity. There are cycles 5 min, 18 min and 53 min found in solar physics. The cycle of 27 days corresponds to the activity of the Sun. During of the solar activeity these temporal pulsations are lost in a strong variation of solar wind (Neugebauer, NASA). The Stanford University scientists (P. Starrek, G. Valter and M. Vitlend) have found the cycle of 28.4 days as pulsations of the solar neutrinos. Neutrinos come from the depths of the Sun and they tell about the frequency of oscillations of solar bowels. It is also seen online: Kostyantynivska L. V. Solar activity. Search experiment is better to have a known but modified experiment. Experiments on monitoring natural radioactivity and the possible influence from the Sun were previously carried out by measuring the variations of the gamma-ray sample of ore from the TransBaikal uranium deposit;the characteristics of the sample are known. The spectrum of temporal variations in the activity of the sample Zabaikalskaya radioactive ore contains peaks which coincide with the period of natural oscillations of the Sun. The capture cross section of the radioactive heavy deformed nucleus in time decay increases in many orders and is able to interact with the stream of solar neutrinos which are modulated by own oscillations of the Sun. The picks of spectrum of long-period oscillations of the Earth exceed its own contain peaks that match the value with an accuracy of 1% 3% with peaks of its own oscillations of the Sun. The mechanism of excitation of these oscillations is similar to the nature of variations in the activity of a radioactive sample of ore. These effects are included in the mechanisms of interaction of the Earth—the Sun systems and impact on seismicity;search problem of existing natural nuclear reactor inside Earth core.
文摘Long period fiber gratings are emerging as a potential candidate in the list of surrounding refractive index optical fiber sensors. Their sensitivity can be enhanced greatly if the grating period, fiber dimensions and surrounding refractive index are optimized in a way to operate at a point called turn around point on phase matching curves of these gratings. Turn around point LPFGs are well known for their ultrahigh sensitivity to external parameters. Potential of operating LPFG at or near turn around point has been investigated by many researchers in various applications including physical parameter sensing, adulteration detection, radiation dose, etc. Since TAP LPFGs are in investigation phase therefore a lot of rigorous & efficient work in finding techniques for optimizing their potential as sensor in chemical, biochemical, structural health monitoring is still to be carried out. A brief review of work carried out in this domain till now is presented here and key findings from literature review are highlighted.
文摘We present a numerical investigation of the propagation and the switching of ultra-short pulses (100 fs) in a two-core nonlinear coupler of photonic crystal fibers constructed with periodically modulated the non-linearity fiber (PMNL-PFC). Our simulations are taking into account different amplitude and frequency modulations of the PMNL-PFC. A coupler for coupling whose length is Lc = 1.8 cm, the transmission characteristics, the compression factor, the crosstalk (Xtalk) and extinction ratio (Xratio) levels of the first order solitons were studied for low to high pump energies considering 2Lc. By an analysis on the reference channel (channel 2), it is observed that at low modulation frequencies an increase occurs in the switching power increasing transmission efficiency. For high modulation frequencies, the transmitted energy efficiency loses. The switching pulses are stronger for low frequency and high amplitude modulation. The Xtalk is a function of the measurement made on the secondary channel (channel 1). It was observed that this unwanted high-frequency energy increases to lessen the measure of the amplitude modulation. In summary, we have demonstrated that introduction of a non-linearity profile takes the periodically modulated PMNL-PFC to strong variations at transmission efficiency, Xtalk, Xratio a function of frequency and modulation amplitude and the input power.
文摘In this paper, we consider an almost periodic system which includes a system of the type , where k is a positive integer, aij are almost periodic in n and satisfy aij(n)≥0 for i≠j,? for 1≤j≤m. In the special case where aij(n) are constant functions, above system is a mathematical model of gas dynamics and was treated by T. Carleman and R. D. Jenks for differential systems. In the main theorem, we show that if the m X m matrix (aij(n)) is irreducible, then there exists a positive almost periodic solution which is unique and has some stability. Moreover, we can see that this result gives R. D. Jenks’ result for differential model in the case where aij(n) are constant functions. In Section 3, we consider the linear system with variable cofficients . Even in nonlinear problems, this linear system plays an important role, as their variational equations, and it is requested to determine the uniform asymptotically stability of the zero solution from the information about A(n). In order to obtain the existence of almost periodic solutions of both linear and nonlinear almost periodic discrete systems: above linear system and? for 1≤i≤m, respectively, we shall consider between certain stability properties, which are referred to as uniformly asymptotically stable, and the diagonal dominance matrix condition.
文摘Private monochromatic solutions of the free-field equation of electro-gravimagnetic charges and currents are constructed in the differential algebra of biquaternions, which describe elementary particles as standing electro-gravimagnetic waves. The two classes of solutions of this biquaternionic wave equation have been investigated, generated by scalar potentials (pulsars) and vectorial potentials (spinors). Their asymptotic properties are considered, on the base of which they are classified into heavy (boson) and light (lepton) elementary particles. The biquaternion representation of the hydrogen atom is given. The periodic system of elements is produced, which is built on the principle of the musical structure of a simple gamma.
基金financially supported by Talent Start-up Fund of Fuzhou University(No.0180-511208)Fuzhou University Testing Fund of precious apparatus(No.2023T002)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21703038 and 22072025)The financial support from State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry,Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter,Chinese Academy of Sciences is acknowledged(No.20240018).
文摘Single-atom catalysts(SACs)have garnered tremendous and continuous attention in photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RR),due to their compelling potential in broadening the light-harvesting range,elevating the charge separation/transfer efficiency,and enhancing surface reaction.Despite the surge in research and the expanding range of potential central metal candidates—including d-block,p-block,and rare metal elements,etc.—the comprehension of the structure-function relationships between the central metal and its performance remains elusive.Hence,categorized by different areas of the central metal element from periodic table,we outline the recent progress and challenges on SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR.We begin by describing various synthetic strategies employed for SACs.Subsequently,a clear classification of the SACs applications in photocatalytic CO_(2)RR is provided,according to the central metal elements in different blocks of the periodic table.We also discussed how isolated metal single-atom sites from different blocks of the periodic table improve the performance of photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction from the perspective of charge separation and transfer.Finally,we end this review with some perspectives and challenges associated with SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)reduction.Through this review,we aim to enrich the element diversity of SACs for photocatalytic CO_(2)RR,reveal trends in element evolution,and propose directions for future development in this flourishing field.
文摘The Gardner equation with a variable-coefficient from fluid dynamics and plasma physics is investigated. Different kinds of solutions including breather-type soliton and two soliton solutions are obtained using bilinear method and extended homoclinic test approach. The proposed method can also be applied to solve other types of higher dimensional integrable and non-integrable systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11674177,61775107,61835006 and 11704283)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin in China(No.16JCZDJC31000)the Scientific Research Planning and Development Project of Handan in China(No.1621203035)
文摘A twist sensor with hybrid few-mode tilted fiber Bragg grating(FM-TFBG) and few-mode long period grating(FM-LPG) in fiber laser cavity is demonstrated. The FM-LPG is utilized to excite LP11 core mode. The FM-TFBG is used for sensing. The transverse modes at 1 553.9 nm and 1 550.5 nm are LP01 and LP21 core modes, respectively, which are coupled from forward-propagating LP11 core mode. These two excitation wavelengths have opposite variation tendencies, which participate in sensing. The twist sensitivity of 0.16 dB/° from-40° to 40° is achieved. The proposed sensor has potentially used for structure monitoring in many areas.
