Background： Large-scale muscle tissue engineering remains a major challenge. An axial vascular pedicle and perfusion bioreactor are necessary for the development and maintenance of large-scale engineered muscle to en...Background： Large-scale muscle tissue engineering remains a major challenge. An axial vascular pedicle and perfusion bioreactor are necessary for the development and maintenance of large-scale engineered muscle to ensure circulation within the construct. We aimed to develop a novel experimental model of a large-scale engineered muscle flap from an existing rat groin fat flap. Methods： A fat flap based on the superficial interior epigastric vascular pedicle was excised from rats and placed into a perfusion bioreactor. The flaps were kept in the bioreactor for up to 7 weeks, and transdifferentiation of adipose to muscle tissue could have taken place. This system enabled myogenic-differentiation medium flow through the bioreactor at constant pH and oxygen concentration. Assessment of viability was pertbrmed by an immunofluorescence assay, histological staining, a calcein-based live/dead test, and through determination of RNA quantity and quality after 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks. Results： Immunofluorescence staining showed that smooth muscle around vessels was still intact without signs of necrosis or atrophy. The visual assessment of viability by the calcein-based live/dead test revealed viability of the rat adipose tissue preserved in the bioreactor system with permanent perfusion. RNA samples from different experimental conditions were quantified by spectrophotometry, and intact bands of 18S and 28S rRNA were detected by gel electrophoresis, indicating that degradation of RNA was minimal. Conclusions： Flow perfusion maintains the long-term viability of a rat groin engineered muscle flap in vitro, and a large-scale vascularized muscle could be engineered in a perfusion bioreactor.展开更多
Objective: To study the effect of rhubarb on gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow perfussion. Methods: State of GI blood flow perfussion in critically illed patients was estimated by intramural pH (pHi) of GI to observe t...Objective: To study the effect of rhubarb on gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow perfussion. Methods: State of GI blood flow perfussion in critically illed patients was estimated by intramural pH (pHi) of GI to observe the clinical effect of rhubarb on it, and experimental study was performed in hemorrhagic shocked rats. Results: Clinical study showed pHi level in septic patients was much lower than that in the control, whereas rhubarb could obviously elevate it (P<0.001). The clinical effective rate of rhubarb in treating stress ulcer caused hemorrhage was 73%. Animal study showed that though the shocked rats were resuscitated completely, their GI blood flow perfussion was much lower than that in the control. Rhubarb could significantly improve the blood perfusion of mucous membrane of GI and mesenterium (P<0.01) in shocked or normal rats. Conclusion: Rhubarb could improve the GI blood perfussion in critical illness and shocked rats.展开更多
Background Recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial flow in nonculprit arteries, which has been assumed to be normal, was slowed in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. However, the imp...Background Recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial flow in nonculprit arteries, which has been assumed to be normal, was slowed in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. However, the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of primary PCI on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI and correlated clinical factors. Methods A total of 117 patients with anterior wall STEMI, the culprit artery being the left anterior descending artery （LAD）, undergoing primary PCI （the study group） and 100 patients with normal coronary angiography （the control group） were enrolled. To observe the differences of corrected TIMI frame count （cTFC） and myocardial blush grade （MBG） before and after primary PCI in both culprit and nonculprit arteries, the left circumflex coronary artery （LCX）, cTFC and MBG in the LAD and LCX were measured in the study group and control group. The study group was divided into three groups; refiow in the culprit artery group （the R group）, no reflow in culprit artery group （the NR group）, and no reflow in both the culprit artery and nonculprit artery group （the NRB group） according to MBG grade. The level of serum C-reactive protein （CRP）, catecholamine, and fibroblast growth factor-21 （FGF21）were assayed. The clinical and angiographic characteristics were also analyzed. Results cTFC （28.1±24.3 vs. 20.3±19.3, P 〈0.05） and MBG in the LCX were different in the study group compared to the control group before primary PCI. cTFC （25.2±22.3 vs. 28.1±24.3, P 〈0.05） and the MBG level in the LCX were improved after successful primary PCI, but were not recovered to the normal level. Patients with no reflow in the culprit artery had a higher incidence of no-reflow in the nonculprit artery （78% vs. 19%, P 〈0.0001）, and the levels of CRP （（3.29±1.31） mg/dl vs. （2.51±1.14） mg/dl vs. （2.93±1.07） mg/dl, P 〈0.05, respectively）, catecholamine （（epinephrine （693.48±89.78） pg/ml vs. （398.12±93.28） pg/ml vs. （562.54±96.22） pg/ml, P 〈0.0001, respectively）, and norepinephrine （（7012.43±932.47） pg/ml vs. （4012.34±814.16） pg/ml vs. （5549.03＋912.65） pg/ml, P 〈0.0001, respectively））in the NRB group were higher than those in the R group and NR group. The level of FGF21 （（0.299±0.093） ng/ml vs. （0.612±0.071） ng/ml vs. （0.428±0.074） ng/ml, P 〈0.0001 respectively） in the NRB group was lower than that in the R group and NR group. Conclusions The blood perfusion in the nonculprit artery may be impaired in patients with STEMI. Although nonculprit artery perfusion may be improved after successful primary PCI, it is still lower than that in the control group, and may be involved in inflammation and spasms.展开更多
Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion v...Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion velocity monitoring in minimally invasive surgery.However,conventional endoscopic LSCI uses a lowcoherence laser illumination scheme,leading to restricted angles of illumination,compromised laser coherence,uneven laser illumination distribution,and low coupling efficiency,all of which degrade the quality of LSCI in the endoscope.In this paper,we propose that conical fiber(CF)-coupled high-coherence laser can be used to achieve large-angle,high-coherence,high-uniformity,and high coupling efficiency laser illumination in the endoscope.Additionally,we establish an effective model for calculating the divergence angle of CFs.Through phantom and animal experiments,we reveal that laser illumination based on CF markedly enhances endoscopic LSCI performance.This technology broadens the imaging field of view,enhances the signal-to-noise ratio,enables more sensitive detection of minute blood flow changes,expands the detectable flow range,and improves signal-to-background ratio of endoscopic LSCI.Our findings suggest that CF-based laser illumination stands as a highly promising advancement in endoscopic LSCI.展开更多
The analytical solutions of non-Fourier Pennes and Chen Holmes equations are obtained using the Laplace transformation and particular solution method in the present paper. As an application, the effects of the thermal...The analytical solutions of non-Fourier Pennes and Chen Holmes equations are obtained using the Laplace transformation and particular solution method in the present paper. As an application, the effects of the thermal relaxation time % the blood perfusion wb, and the blood flow velocity v on the biological skin and inner tissue temperature T are stxldied in detail The results obtained in this study provide a good alternative method to study the bio-heat and a biophysical insight into the understanding of the heat transfer in the biotissue.展开更多
文摘Background： Large-scale muscle tissue engineering remains a major challenge. An axial vascular pedicle and perfusion bioreactor are necessary for the development and maintenance of large-scale engineered muscle to ensure circulation within the construct. We aimed to develop a novel experimental model of a large-scale engineered muscle flap from an existing rat groin fat flap. Methods： A fat flap based on the superficial interior epigastric vascular pedicle was excised from rats and placed into a perfusion bioreactor. The flaps were kept in the bioreactor for up to 7 weeks, and transdifferentiation of adipose to muscle tissue could have taken place. This system enabled myogenic-differentiation medium flow through the bioreactor at constant pH and oxygen concentration. Assessment of viability was pertbrmed by an immunofluorescence assay, histological staining, a calcein-based live/dead test, and through determination of RNA quantity and quality after 1, 3, 5, and 7 weeks. Results： Immunofluorescence staining showed that smooth muscle around vessels was still intact without signs of necrosis or atrophy. The visual assessment of viability by the calcein-based live/dead test revealed viability of the rat adipose tissue preserved in the bioreactor system with permanent perfusion. RNA samples from different experimental conditions were quantified by spectrophotometry, and intact bands of 18S and 28S rRNA were detected by gel electrophoresis, indicating that degradation of RNA was minimal. Conclusions： Flow perfusion maintains the long-term viability of a rat groin engineered muscle flap in vitro, and a large-scale vascularized muscle could be engineered in a perfusion bioreactor.
文摘Objective: To study the effect of rhubarb on gastrointestinal (GI) blood flow perfussion. Methods: State of GI blood flow perfussion in critically illed patients was estimated by intramural pH (pHi) of GI to observe the clinical effect of rhubarb on it, and experimental study was performed in hemorrhagic shocked rats. Results: Clinical study showed pHi level in septic patients was much lower than that in the control, whereas rhubarb could obviously elevate it (P<0.001). The clinical effective rate of rhubarb in treating stress ulcer caused hemorrhage was 73%. Animal study showed that though the shocked rats were resuscitated completely, their GI blood flow perfussion was much lower than that in the control. Rhubarb could significantly improve the blood perfusion of mucous membrane of GI and mesenterium (P<0.01) in shocked or normal rats. Conclusion: Rhubarb could improve the GI blood perfussion in critical illness and shocked rats.
基金Yh-is studywas supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81070227）.
文摘Background Recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial flow in nonculprit arteries, which has been assumed to be normal, was slowed in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI）. However, the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI） on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI has not been clarified. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of primary PCI on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI and correlated clinical factors. Methods A total of 117 patients with anterior wall STEMI, the culprit artery being the left anterior descending artery （LAD）, undergoing primary PCI （the study group） and 100 patients with normal coronary angiography （the control group） were enrolled. To observe the differences of corrected TIMI frame count （cTFC） and myocardial blush grade （MBG） before and after primary PCI in both culprit and nonculprit arteries, the left circumflex coronary artery （LCX）, cTFC and MBG in the LAD and LCX were measured in the study group and control group. The study group was divided into three groups; refiow in the culprit artery group （the R group）, no reflow in culprit artery group （the NR group）, and no reflow in both the culprit artery and nonculprit artery group （the NRB group） according to MBG grade. The level of serum C-reactive protein （CRP）, catecholamine, and fibroblast growth factor-21 （FGF21）were assayed. The clinical and angiographic characteristics were also analyzed. Results cTFC （28.1±24.3 vs. 20.3±19.3, P 〈0.05） and MBG in the LCX were different in the study group compared to the control group before primary PCI. cTFC （25.2±22.3 vs. 28.1±24.3, P 〈0.05） and the MBG level in the LCX were improved after successful primary PCI, but were not recovered to the normal level. Patients with no reflow in the culprit artery had a higher incidence of no-reflow in the nonculprit artery （78% vs. 19%, P 〈0.0001）, and the levels of CRP （（3.29±1.31） mg/dl vs. （2.51±1.14） mg/dl vs. （2.93±1.07） mg/dl, P 〈0.05, respectively）, catecholamine （（epinephrine （693.48±89.78） pg/ml vs. （398.12±93.28） pg/ml vs. （562.54±96.22） pg/ml, P 〈0.0001, respectively）, and norepinephrine （（7012.43±932.47） pg/ml vs. （4012.34±814.16） pg/ml vs. （5549.03＋912.65） pg/ml, P 〈0.0001, respectively））in the NRB group were higher than those in the R group and NR group. The level of FGF21 （（0.299±0.093） ng/ml vs. （0.612±0.071） ng/ml vs. （0.428±0.074） ng/ml, P 〈0.0001 respectively） in the NRB group was lower than that in the R group and NR group. Conclusions The blood perfusion in the nonculprit artery may be impaired in patients with STEMI. Although nonculprit artery perfusion may be improved after successful primary PCI, it is still lower than that in the control group, and may be involved in inflammation and spasms.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFC2400102)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62275095,82261138559,62305125,61890951,61890950)+2 种基金Hainan University Research Startup Fund(KYQD(ZR)20072,KYQD(ZR)22074)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Initiative for Innovative Medicine(2019-I2M-5-014)Innovation Fund of WNLO。
文摘Blood flow is essential for maintaining normal physiological functions of the human body.Endoscopic laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI)can achieve rapid,high-resolution,label-free,and long-term blood flow perfusion velocity monitoring in minimally invasive surgery.However,conventional endoscopic LSCI uses a lowcoherence laser illumination scheme,leading to restricted angles of illumination,compromised laser coherence,uneven laser illumination distribution,and low coupling efficiency,all of which degrade the quality of LSCI in the endoscope.In this paper,we propose that conical fiber(CF)-coupled high-coherence laser can be used to achieve large-angle,high-coherence,high-uniformity,and high coupling efficiency laser illumination in the endoscope.Additionally,we establish an effective model for calculating the divergence angle of CFs.Through phantom and animal experiments,we reveal that laser illumination based on CF markedly enhances endoscopic LSCI performance.This technology broadens the imaging field of view,enhances the signal-to-noise ratio,enables more sensitive detection of minute blood flow changes,expands the detectable flow range,and improves signal-to-background ratio of endoscopic LSCI.Our findings suggest that CF-based laser illumination stands as a highly promising advancement in endoscopic LSCI.
文摘The analytical solutions of non-Fourier Pennes and Chen Holmes equations are obtained using the Laplace transformation and particular solution method in the present paper. As an application, the effects of the thermal relaxation time % the blood perfusion wb, and the blood flow velocity v on the biological skin and inner tissue temperature T are stxldied in detail The results obtained in this study provide a good alternative method to study the bio-heat and a biophysical insight into the understanding of the heat transfer in the biotissue.
