The size of pores or the grille spacing of water–sediment separation structures directly affects their regulation effect on the debris flow performance.A suitable pore size or grille spacing can effectively improve t...The size of pores or the grille spacing of water–sediment separation structures directly affects their regulation effect on the debris flow performance.A suitable pore size or grille spacing can effectively improve the water–sediment separation ability of the structure.The new funnel-type grating water–sediment separation structure(FGWSS)combines vertical and horizontal structures and provides a satisfactory water–sediment separation effect.However,the regulation effect of the grille spacing of the structure on the debris flow performance has not been studied.The regulation effect of the structure grille spacing on the debris flow performance is studied through a flume test,and the optimal structure grille spacing is obtained.An empirical equation of the relationship between the relative grille spacing of the structure and the sediment separation rate is established.Finally,the influence of the water–sediment separation structure on the regulation effect of debris flows is examined from two aspects:external factors(properties of debris flows)and internal factors(structural factors).The experimental results show that the gradation characteristics of solid particles in debris flows constitute a key factor affecting the regulation effect of the structure on the debris flow performance.The optimum grille spacing of the FGWSS matches the particle size corresponding to the material distribution curves d85~d90 of the debris flow.The total separation rate of debris flow particles is related to the grille spacing of the structure and the content of coarse and fine particles in the debris flow.展开更多
This study preliminarily investigates the structure-activity relationships of novel [5,6]-fused ring energetic materials derived from the 6-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol [3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine 2-oxide(ICM-103) skeleton, empha...This study preliminarily investigates the structure-activity relationships of novel [5,6]-fused ring energetic materials derived from the 6-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol [3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine 2-oxide(ICM-103) skeleton, emphasizing the role of functional group substitution in tailoring key properties such as detonation performance and mechanical sensitivity. Strategic incorporation of nitrogen-rich substituents(e.g., hydrazine, guanidine) into the 1,2,3-triazine 2-oxide framework yielded compounds with diverse performance characteristics. Notably, compound 2 demonstrates energy performance(D = 8916 m·s^(-1) and P = 36.80 GPa) comparable to RDX, yet with lower mechanical sensitivity(IS = 37 J). Theoretical calculations show that the properties of the substituents themselves and their coupling with the molecular skeleton jointly determine the key properties of the target molecules. This study provides a framework for the customized design of energetic materials by linking the chemical properties of substituents with the performance parameters of target molecules. These findings highlight the potential of local molecular structural modification driven by structure-activity relationship analysis in promoting the development of next-generation energetic materials and lay a solid foundation for future research in this field.展开更多
With unique physicochemical properties and biological effects,magnetic nanomaterials(MNMs)play a crucial role in the biomedical field.In particular,magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs)are approved by the United S...With unique physicochemical properties and biological effects,magnetic nanomaterials(MNMs)play a crucial role in the biomedical field.In particular,magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs)are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for clinical applications at present due to their low toxicity,biocompatibility,and biodegradability.Despite the unarguable effectiveness,massive space for improving such materials'performance still needs to be filled.Recently,many efforts have been devoted to improving the preparation methods based on the materials'biosafety.Besides,researchers have successfully.regulated the performance of magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)by changing their sizes,morphologies,compositions;or by.aggregating as-synthesized MNPs in an orderly arrangement to meet various clinical requirements.The rise of cloud computing and artificial intelligence techniques provides novel ways for fast material characterization,automated data analysis,and mechanism demonstration.In this review,we summarized the studies that focused on the preparation routes and performance regulations of high-quality MNPs,and their special properties applied in biomedical detection,diagnosis,and treatment.At the same time,the future.development of MNMs was also discussed.展开更多
Driven by the global energy structure transformation,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have become a research hotspot due to their advantages of abundant resources,low cost,safety,and environmental protection.However,t...Driven by the global energy structure transformation,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have become a research hotspot due to their advantages of abundant resources,low cost,safety,and environmental protection.However,the unstable structure of cathodes,the dendrite growth and side reactions of Zn anode,and low ion conduction efficiency have seriously hindered the industrialization process of AZIBs.Metalorganic frameworks(MOFs)have the advantages of a large specific surface area,adjustable porosity,and multi-metal active sites,which provide a new strategy to overcome these difficulties.Therefore,a comprehensive review of the application advantages and mechanism of original MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs is of great significance to promote the development of this field.This article firstly describes the various structural types of original MOFs and points out their characteristics.Subsequently,we discuss the specific applications of MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs,such as cathodes,anode protective layers,separators,and electrolytes,and analyze the advantages and mechanisms of various materials in enhancing battery performance.Finally,the problems existing in the application of original MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs are illustrated,and the future research directions are prospected to provide theoretical guidance for the design of high-performance AZIBs.展开更多
Integration of graphene in silicon-based micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS/NEMS)marries the robustness of silicon-based materials with the exceptional physical properties of graphene,drastically enhancing the ...Integration of graphene in silicon-based micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS/NEMS)marries the robustness of silicon-based materials with the exceptional physical properties of graphene,drastically enhancing the system’s regulation performance which now is key for many advanced applications in nanotechnology.Here,we experimentally demonstrate and theoretically analyze a powerful on-chip integration principle consisting of a hybrid graphene/silicon nitride membrane with metallic leads on top that enables an extremely large static and dynamic parameter regulation.When a static voltage is applied to the leads of the integrated structure,a spatially confined localized electrothermomechanical(ETM)effect results in ultra-wide frequency tuning,deformation(buckling transition)and regulation of the mechanical properties.Moreover,by injecting an alternating voltage to the leads,we can excite the resonator vibrating even far beyond its linear regime without a complex and space consuming actuation system.Our results prove that the scheme provides a compact integrated system possessing mechanical robustness,high controllability,and fast response.It not only expands the limit of the application range of MEMS/NEMS devices,but also enables the further miniaturization of the device.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42027806 and 42041006)。
文摘The size of pores or the grille spacing of water–sediment separation structures directly affects their regulation effect on the debris flow performance.A suitable pore size or grille spacing can effectively improve the water–sediment separation ability of the structure.The new funnel-type grating water–sediment separation structure(FGWSS)combines vertical and horizontal structures and provides a satisfactory water–sediment separation effect.However,the regulation effect of the grille spacing of the structure on the debris flow performance has not been studied.The regulation effect of the structure grille spacing on the debris flow performance is studied through a flume test,and the optimal structure grille spacing is obtained.An empirical equation of the relationship between the relative grille spacing of the structure and the sediment separation rate is established.Finally,the influence of the water–sediment separation structure on the regulation effect of debris flows is examined from two aspects:external factors(properties of debris flows)and internal factors(structural factors).The experimental results show that the gradation characteristics of solid particles in debris flows constitute a key factor affecting the regulation effect of the structure on the debris flow performance.The optimum grille spacing of the FGWSS matches the particle size corresponding to the material distribution curves d85~d90 of the debris flow.The total separation rate of debris flow particles is related to the grille spacing of the structure and the content of coarse and fine particles in the debris flow.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.22375190)。
文摘This study preliminarily investigates the structure-activity relationships of novel [5,6]-fused ring energetic materials derived from the 6-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol [3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine 2-oxide(ICM-103) skeleton, emphasizing the role of functional group substitution in tailoring key properties such as detonation performance and mechanical sensitivity. Strategic incorporation of nitrogen-rich substituents(e.g., hydrazine, guanidine) into the 1,2,3-triazine 2-oxide framework yielded compounds with diverse performance characteristics. Notably, compound 2 demonstrates energy performance(D = 8916 m·s^(-1) and P = 36.80 GPa) comparable to RDX, yet with lower mechanical sensitivity(IS = 37 J). Theoretical calculations show that the properties of the substituents themselves and their coupling with the molecular skeleton jointly determine the key properties of the target molecules. This study provides a framework for the customized design of energetic materials by linking the chemical properties of substituents with the performance parameters of target molecules. These findings highlight the potential of local molecular structural modification driven by structure-activity relationship analysis in promoting the development of next-generation energetic materials and lay a solid foundation for future research in this field.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFA0104302)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51832001,61821002,and 31800843)。
文摘With unique physicochemical properties and biological effects,magnetic nanomaterials(MNMs)play a crucial role in the biomedical field.In particular,magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(MIONPs)are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration(FDA)for clinical applications at present due to their low toxicity,biocompatibility,and biodegradability.Despite the unarguable effectiveness,massive space for improving such materials'performance still needs to be filled.Recently,many efforts have been devoted to improving the preparation methods based on the materials'biosafety.Besides,researchers have successfully.regulated the performance of magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)by changing their sizes,morphologies,compositions;or by.aggregating as-synthesized MNPs in an orderly arrangement to meet various clinical requirements.The rise of cloud computing and artificial intelligence techniques provides novel ways for fast material characterization,automated data analysis,and mechanism demonstration.In this review,we summarized the studies that focused on the preparation routes and performance regulations of high-quality MNPs,and their special properties applied in biomedical detection,diagnosis,and treatment.At the same time,the future.development of MNMs was also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.52374301,92472104)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(no.E2024501010)+2 种基金the Shijiazhuang Basic Research Project(no.241790667A)the Performance Subsidy Fund for Key Laboratory of Dielectric and Electrolyte Functional Material Hebei Province(no.22567627H)the Key Project of 2025 China International Student Innovation Competition of Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao(no.ZD202512)。
文摘Driven by the global energy structure transformation,aqueous zinc ion batteries(AZIBs)have become a research hotspot due to their advantages of abundant resources,low cost,safety,and environmental protection.However,the unstable structure of cathodes,the dendrite growth and side reactions of Zn anode,and low ion conduction efficiency have seriously hindered the industrialization process of AZIBs.Metalorganic frameworks(MOFs)have the advantages of a large specific surface area,adjustable porosity,and multi-metal active sites,which provide a new strategy to overcome these difficulties.Therefore,a comprehensive review of the application advantages and mechanism of original MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs is of great significance to promote the development of this field.This article firstly describes the various structural types of original MOFs and points out their characteristics.Subsequently,we discuss the specific applications of MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs,such as cathodes,anode protective layers,separators,and electrolytes,and analyze the advantages and mechanisms of various materials in enhancing battery performance.Finally,the problems existing in the application of original MOFs and their derivatives in AZIBs are illustrated,and the future research directions are prospected to provide theoretical guidance for the design of high-performance AZIBs.
基金financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)through Project-ID 425217212(SFB 1432)and project 510766045the major program in digital intelligence,Shapingba,Chongqing(Grant No.20240204)the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation(WARF)via the Accelerator Program.
文摘Integration of graphene in silicon-based micro-/nanoelectromechanical systems(MEMS/NEMS)marries the robustness of silicon-based materials with the exceptional physical properties of graphene,drastically enhancing the system’s regulation performance which now is key for many advanced applications in nanotechnology.Here,we experimentally demonstrate and theoretically analyze a powerful on-chip integration principle consisting of a hybrid graphene/silicon nitride membrane with metallic leads on top that enables an extremely large static and dynamic parameter regulation.When a static voltage is applied to the leads of the integrated structure,a spatially confined localized electrothermomechanical(ETM)effect results in ultra-wide frequency tuning,deformation(buckling transition)and regulation of the mechanical properties.Moreover,by injecting an alternating voltage to the leads,we can excite the resonator vibrating even far beyond its linear regime without a complex and space consuming actuation system.Our results prove that the scheme provides a compact integrated system possessing mechanical robustness,high controllability,and fast response.It not only expands the limit of the application range of MEMS/NEMS devices,but also enables the further miniaturization of the device.
