The complexity of coupled risks,which refer to the compounded effects of interacting uncertainties across multiple interdependent objectives,is inherent to cities functioning as dynamic,interdependent systems.A disrup...The complexity of coupled risks,which refer to the compounded effects of interacting uncertainties across multiple interdependent objectives,is inherent to cities functioning as dynamic,interdependent systems.A disruption in one domain ripples across various urban systems,often with unforeseen consequences.Central to this complexity are people,whose behaviors,needs,and vulnerabilities shape risk evolution and response effectiveness.Realizing cities as complex systems centered on human needs and behaviors is essential to understanding the complexities of coupled urban risks.This paper adopts a complex systems perspective to examine the intricacies of coupled urban risks,emphasizing the critical role of human decisions and behavior in shaping these dynamics.We focus on two key dimensions:cascading hazards in urban environments and cascading failures across interdependent exposed systems in cities.Existing risk assessment models often fail to capture the complexity of these processes,particularly when factoring in human decision-making.To tackle these challenges,we advocate for a standardized taxonomy of cascading hazards,urban components,and their interactions.At its core is a people-centric perspective,emphasizing the bidirectional interactions between people and the systems that serve them.Building on this foundation,we argue the need for an integrated,people-centric risk assessment framework that evaluates event impacts in relation to the hierarchical needs of people and incorporates their preparedness and response capacities.By leveraging real-time data,advanced simulations,and innovative validation methods,this framework aims to enhance the accuracy of coupled urban risk modeling.To effectively manage coupled urban risks,cities can draw from proven strategies in real complex systems.However,given the escalating uncertainties and complexities associated with climate change,prioritizing people-centric strategies is crucial.This approach will empower cities to build resilience not only against known hazards but also against evolving and unforeseen challenges in an increasingly uncertain world.展开更多
The reuse of industrial heritage sites has become increasingly prevalent in the context of hosting mega-events.This paper aims to investigate this trend,specifcally in the context of Olympic Games or World Expos,and i...The reuse of industrial heritage sites has become increasingly prevalent in the context of hosting mega-events.This paper aims to investigate this trend,specifcally in the context of Olympic Games or World Expos,and its impact on urban regeneration strategies.It introduces a methodological tool,namely,the relationship matrix,to identify key factors from‘best practices’criteria for managing industrial sites and planning mega-event legacies.We use this matrix to address two research objectives,namely,to determine the role of industrial heritage reuse in mega-event urban projects and to evaluate whether this creates a favourable environment for place-making.This matrix enables us to compare and analyse the Shanghai 2010 World Expo and the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games as illustrative case studies.While guidelines and strategies for mega-events and industrial heritage have evolved towards a proactive people-centred approach,our fndings still reveal a bias towards material renewal in dominant discourses during the planning phase.This bias often overlooks or even excludes the memories and experiences of local communities.展开更多
The pace of urbanisation,with the increase in the number of metropolitan areas,has been paralleled with the heritage discourse of past generations that valorises monuments in isolation,and has pushed the appreci...The pace of urbanisation,with the increase in the number of metropolitan areas,has been paralleled with the heritage discourse of past generations that valorises monuments in isolation,and has pushed the appreciation of urban heritage to a grim corner in the face of development.Since the turn of the millennium there are international efforts to reverse this trend by placing culture and people-centred approaches into the heritage discourse in order to allow inclusive policies that see culture and cultural heritage as an asset and driving force for sustainable urban development.As one of such instruments,the UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape,as an integrated management model,is considered in this article to have potentials to bridge existing divides to achieve sustainable urban development.With this belief,the paper looks into the future,with supporting arguments that come from discussions as a result of the WHITRAP International Expert Meeting on the Implementation of the HUL approach which took place in 2018,Shanghai,China.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71821001,72371109,72071088,72074089,and 51938004)Strategic Study Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering(2022-JB-02)Project of Interdisciplinary Research Support Program in Huazhong University of Science and Technology(2023-32)。
文摘The complexity of coupled risks,which refer to the compounded effects of interacting uncertainties across multiple interdependent objectives,is inherent to cities functioning as dynamic,interdependent systems.A disruption in one domain ripples across various urban systems,often with unforeseen consequences.Central to this complexity are people,whose behaviors,needs,and vulnerabilities shape risk evolution and response effectiveness.Realizing cities as complex systems centered on human needs and behaviors is essential to understanding the complexities of coupled urban risks.This paper adopts a complex systems perspective to examine the intricacies of coupled urban risks,emphasizing the critical role of human decisions and behavior in shaping these dynamics.We focus on two key dimensions:cascading hazards in urban environments and cascading failures across interdependent exposed systems in cities.Existing risk assessment models often fail to capture the complexity of these processes,particularly when factoring in human decision-making.To tackle these challenges,we advocate for a standardized taxonomy of cascading hazards,urban components,and their interactions.At its core is a people-centric perspective,emphasizing the bidirectional interactions between people and the systems that serve them.Building on this foundation,we argue the need for an integrated,people-centric risk assessment framework that evaluates event impacts in relation to the hierarchical needs of people and incorporates their preparedness and response capacities.By leveraging real-time data,advanced simulations,and innovative validation methods,this framework aims to enhance the accuracy of coupled urban risk modeling.To effectively manage coupled urban risks,cities can draw from proven strategies in real complex systems.However,given the escalating uncertainties and complexities associated with climate change,prioritizing people-centric strategies is crucial.This approach will empower cities to build resilience not only against known hazards but also against evolving and unforeseen challenges in an increasingly uncertain world.
基金Funding for data collection in this project comes from a Swiss National Science Foundation Grant in Social Sciences and Humanities.
文摘The reuse of industrial heritage sites has become increasingly prevalent in the context of hosting mega-events.This paper aims to investigate this trend,specifcally in the context of Olympic Games or World Expos,and its impact on urban regeneration strategies.It introduces a methodological tool,namely,the relationship matrix,to identify key factors from‘best practices’criteria for managing industrial sites and planning mega-event legacies.We use this matrix to address two research objectives,namely,to determine the role of industrial heritage reuse in mega-event urban projects and to evaluate whether this creates a favourable environment for place-making.This matrix enables us to compare and analyse the Shanghai 2010 World Expo and the London 2012 Summer Olympic Games as illustrative case studies.While guidelines and strategies for mega-events and industrial heritage have evolved towards a proactive people-centred approach,our fndings still reveal a bias towards material renewal in dominant discourses during the planning phase.This bias often overlooks or even excludes the memories and experiences of local communities.
文摘The pace of urbanisation,with the increase in the number of metropolitan areas,has been paralleled with the heritage discourse of past generations that valorises monuments in isolation,and has pushed the appreciation of urban heritage to a grim corner in the face of development.Since the turn of the millennium there are international efforts to reverse this trend by placing culture and people-centred approaches into the heritage discourse in order to allow inclusive policies that see culture and cultural heritage as an asset and driving force for sustainable urban development.As one of such instruments,the UNESCO Recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape,as an integrated management model,is considered in this article to have potentials to bridge existing divides to achieve sustainable urban development.With this belief,the paper looks into the future,with supporting arguments that come from discussions as a result of the WHITRAP International Expert Meeting on the Implementation of the HUL approach which took place in 2018,Shanghai,China.
