The gut microbiota and it’s metabolism are vital targets of probiotics regulating high fat-diet(HFD)induced hyperlipidemia,which can relieve the pressure caused by the striking growth of sub-health people.Pediococcus...The gut microbiota and it’s metabolism are vital targets of probiotics regulating high fat-diet(HFD)induced hyperlipidemia,which can relieve the pressure caused by the striking growth of sub-health people.Pediococcus pentosaceus PP04(PP04)could colonize in intestine to regulate gut microbiota and it’s metabolites directly,the rebalanced intestinal flora mediated by PP04 could facilitate the secretion of short chain fatty acids to control body weight gain,PP04 intervention also changed bile acid(BA)profiles and enhanced the ileal concentrations of antagonists including tauro-α/β-muricholic acid sodium salt and ursodeoxycholic acid to inhibit intestinal farnesoid X receptor/fibroblast growth factor 15(FXR/FGF15)signaling coupled with the activation of hepatic FXR/small heterodimer partners signaling,which accelerated the hepatic BA de novo synthesis and excretion with feces to eliminate HFD caused hyperlipemia effectively.This study provided important evidence regarding PP04 as dietary supplement to relieve hyperlipidemia by influencing BA enterohepatic circulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intestinal dysbiosis has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease(ALD), which includes changes in the microbiota composition and bacterial overgrowth, but an effective mi...BACKGROUND Intestinal dysbiosis has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease(ALD), which includes changes in the microbiota composition and bacterial overgrowth, but an effective microbe-based therapy is lacking. Pediococcus pentosaceus(P. pentosaceus) CGMCC 7049 is a newly isolated strain of probiotic that has been shown to be resistant to ethanol and bile salts. However, further studies are needed to determine whether P. pentosaceus exerts a protective effect on ALD and to elucidate the potential mechanism.AIM To evaluate the protective effect of the probiotic P. pentosaceus on ethanol-induced liver injury in mice.METHODS A new ethanol-resistant strain of P. pentosaceus CGMCC 7049 was isolated from healthy adults in our laboratory. The chronic plus binge model of experimental ALD was established to evaluate the protective effects. Twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: The control group received a pairfed control diet and oral gavage with sterile phosphate buffered saline, the EtOH group received a ten-day Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 5% ethanol and oral gavage with phosphate buffered saline, and the P. pentosaceus group received a 5% ethanol Lieber-DeCarli diet but was treated with P. pentosaceus. One dose of isocaloric maltose dextrin or ethanol was administered by oral gavage on day 11, and the mice were sacrificed nine hours later. Blood and tissue samples(liver and gut) were harvested to evaluate gut barrier function and liver injury-related parameters. Fresh cecal contents were collected, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to measure short-chain fatty acid(SCFA) concentrations, and the microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.RESULTS The P. pentosaceus treatment improved ethanol-induced liver injury, with lower alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase and triglyceride levels and decreased neutrophil infiltration. These changes were accompanied by decreased levels of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-5, tumor necrosis factor-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, keratinocyte-derived protein chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Ethanol feeding resulted in intestinal dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption, increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic Escherichia and Staphylococcus, and the depletion of SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Clostridium. In contrast, P. pentosaceus administration increased the microbial diversity, restored the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Prevotella, Clostridium and Akkermansia and increased propionic acid and butyric acid production by modifying SCFA-producing bacteria. Furthermore, the levels of the tight junction protein ZO-1, mucin proteins(mucin [MUC]-1, MUC-2 and MUC-4) and the antimicrobial peptide Reg3β were increased after probiotic supplementation.CONCLUSION Based on these results, the new strain of P. pentosaceus alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury by reversing gut microbiota dysbiosis, regulating intestinal SCFA metabolism, improving intestinal barrier function, and reducing circulating levels of endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Thus, this strain is a potential probiotic treatment for ALD.展开更多
Direct-fed microbials（DFM）, generally regarded as safe status, are successfully used in improving rumen ecology, gastro-intestinal health, feed efficiency, milk production and growth rate in ruminants. On the other ...Direct-fed microbials（DFM）, generally regarded as safe status, are successfully used in improving rumen ecology, gastro-intestinal health, feed efficiency, milk production and growth rate in ruminants. On the other hand, methanogenesis in rumen, which accounts for a significant loss of ruminant energy and increased greenhouse gas in environment, is of great concern, therefore, use of DFM for improving productivity without compromising the animal health and ecological sustainability is encouraged. The present study was conducted to investigate the methane reducing potential of bacteriocinogenic strain Pediococcus pentosaceus-34. Since, the culture showed no hemolysis on blood agar and DNase activity, hence, it was considered to be avirulent in nature, a prerequisite for any DFM. The culture also showed tolerance to pH 5.0 for 24 h with 0.5% organic acid mixture, whereas when given a shock for 2 h at different p H and organic acids concentrations, it showed growth at pH 3.0 and 4.0 with 0.1 and 1.0% organic acids, respectively, as having good animal probiotics attributes. The total gas production was significantly（P〈0.05） higher in live pedicoccal culture（LPC） and dead pedicoccal culture（DPC） both with wheat straw, when compared to the control. In sugarcane bagasse, gas production was significantly lower（P〈0.05） with LPC compared to the control and DPC both. Methane was reduced by the inclusion of LPC in sugarcane bagasse（0.07 mL CH4 mg–1 dry matter digestibility） with no effect on other rumen fermentation parameters. However, with wheat straw and LPC total gas, in vitro dry matter digestibility, total volatile fatty acids increased significantly but no reduction in methane production was observed in comparison to the control. Therefore, further research is warranted in this direction, if the bacteriocinogenic strains can be used as DFM for ruminants to improve the ruminant productivity.展开更多
Objective: To examine the survivability and stability of probiotic strains in presence and absence of pharmaceutical excipients for a long period of time at(4 ± 1)℃.Methods: The survival rates of probiotic strai...Objective: To examine the survivability and stability of probiotic strains in presence and absence of pharmaceutical excipients for a long period of time at(4 ± 1)℃.Methods: The survival rates of probiotic strains, Pediococcus pentosaceus GS4(MTCC12683)(NCBI HM044322), GS17(NCBI KJ608061) and Lactobacillus gasseri(ATCC 19992), were evaluated. Probiotic strains were lyophilized individually and in combination of excipients(sorbitol, ascorbic acid, fructose and skim milk). The preparation was monitored for 120 d storing at(4 ± 1)℃. During storage, all the preparations were evaluated for viability and stability of probiotic properties like lactic acid production, antimicrobial effect, water activity, and adherence to epithelial cells.Results: Sorbitol, ascorbic acid and skim milk favoured the viability of freeze-dried cells and sustained probiotic properties during storage. Without excipients(control group),strains showed percentage of survivability not more than 70% while strains with excipients survived for 73%–93% for a long period of time.Conclusions: Commonly used excipients can be considered as a vehicle for delivering active principle in probiotic formulation and for sustaining the viability and stability of probiotic strains for a period of 120 d.展开更多
This study was performed to determine the effects of bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici strains on the immune system and intestinal flora of normal mice.Two P.acidilactici str...This study was performed to determine the effects of bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici strains on the immune system and intestinal flora of normal mice.Two P.acidilactici strains with antibacterial activity(P.acidilactici CCFM28 and CCFM18)were obtained based on the inhibition-zone assay.The produced components were identified as bacteriocins through protease treatment,pH adjustment and hydrogen peroxide treatment.Bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing P.acidilactici strains(P.acidilactici CCFM28,CCFM18 and NT17-3)caused significant changes in serum immune factors and intestinal flora of normal mice.After 14 days of intervention,the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly decreased,but that of Proteobacteria was significantly increased at the phylum level.At the genus level,the administration of three P.acidilactici strains resulted in the downregulation of Blautia and the upregulation of Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus.Furthermore,there were also different regulations on some probiotic strains,such as Bifidobacterium,Coprococcus and Akkermansia,which were closely related to the antibacterial ability of the bacteriocin and the type of strain.The results indicated that the intervention of different P.acidilactici strains could differently change the structure of intestinal flora in normal mice,which provided theoretical guidance for the selective use of bacteriocin-producing strains for health regulation in the future.展开更多
Two lactic acid bacteria strains (At1BEAE22 and At344E21) isolated during tchapalo production were identified on the basis of phenotypic analyses. Bacteriocins produced by these strains were tested for their antimicro...Two lactic acid bacteria strains (At1BEAE22 and At344E21) isolated during tchapalo production were identified on the basis of phenotypic analyses. Bacteriocins produced by these strains were tested for their antimicrobial activities using well diffusion agar method. Heat resistance, pH sensitivity and enzyme treatments were also analyzed. Results showed that both lactic acid bacteria strains were identified as Pediococcus acidilactici. Their bacteriocins inhibited growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii F/31, Listeria innocua ATCC 33090, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus sp, Enterococcus faecalis CIP 105042 and Enterococcus faecium ATCC 51558. These bacteriocins were heat stable at 60°C for 30 min for all indicator bacteria. However, they remained active only against Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Listeria innocua at 121°C for 60 min. Moreover, they were active in a wide range of pH (3 to 9) with a maximum activity observed at pH 5 and 6 on all indicator bacteria. But, bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici At34E21 was more stable at acidic pH than basic one. The fact that the bacteriocin was inactivated by proteinase K and α-chymotrypsin indicated its proteinaceous nature, a general characteristics of bacteriocins.展开更多
The high-temperature fermentation process of Daqu,a crucial ingredient in the production of Moutai-flavored Baijiu,is characterized by complex microbial interactions and differentiation at fermentation temperatures.Th...The high-temperature fermentation process of Daqu,a crucial ingredient in the production of Moutai-flavored Baijiu,is characterized by complex microbial interactions and differentiation at fermentation temperatures.This study is an investigation of the role that microbial cooperation and competition has in driving temperature differences during Daqu fermentation,using the results of real-time temperature monitoring,absolute quantitative amplicon sequencing,and microcalorimetry.The balanced interaction between the genera Pediococcus and Bacillus was observed to be a key factor in achieving high fermentation temperatures.The results indicated that the initial phase of fermentation is characterized by competition and niche differentiation,and that as fermentation proceeds,microbial community of the high-temperature Daqu tends to shift towards cooperation.Correlation network analysis revealed that on the 4th day of fermentation,Pediococcus and Bacillus formed distinct clusters with positive correlations within each cluster and significant negative correlation between them.The interaction and cohesion index analysis suggests that both genera play a crucial role in the high-temperature fermentation process of Daqu.Furthermore,simulated fermentation experiments confirmed that the coexistence of Pediococcus and Bacillus can enhance heat production in high-temperature environments than situations in which either genus dominates.These findings highlight the importance of the microbial community interaction in regulating fermentation temperature and provide valuable insights for optimizing the quality and consistency of Daqu fermentation products.展开更多
The genus Pediococcus plays a significant role in the fermentation of products such as fermented vegetables,meats,and dairy,contributing to flavor development,preservation,and probiotic benefits.The functional contrib...The genus Pediococcus plays a significant role in the fermentation of products such as fermented vegetables,meats,and dairy,contributing to flavor development,preservation,and probiotic benefits.The functional contributions of Pediococcus species vary,making species-level differentiation crucial for optimizing fermenta-tion processes and ensuring product quality and safety.However,their high genetic similarity makes specieslevel differentiation challenging with conventional methods,which struggle to distinguish closely related spe-cies.To overcome this,a portable quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)system integrated with a biochip was developed to simultaneously detect 10 Pediococcus species.Through bioinformatics,novel genetic markers for each species were identified.Portable qPCR demonstrated high sensitivity,detecting down to 10^(1) colony-forming units/ml for all target species,with clear Ct values and no cross-reactivity.Compared to con-ventional methods(16S rRNA gene sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry)that face limitations due to genetic homogeneity or database gaps,the portable qPCR assay offered enhanced accuracy and specificity.The 10-well biochip design allowed the rapid detection of all species in real time,completing a single run in<20 min,and was successfully applied to the on-site monitoring of various food products,providing significant benefits for quality control in different fermentation environments.This system is a reliable,field-deployable solution for microbial monitoring,addressing the limitations of traditional methods.It can improve quality control and optimize fermentation processes,ensuring safety and consistency in food production.展开更多
The skin serves as a crucial barrier against environmental threats,safeguarding against toxins,UV radiation,and pathogens while preventing fluid loss.This study aimed to investigate the reparative effects of Pediococc...The skin serves as a crucial barrier against environmental threats,safeguarding against toxins,UV radiation,and pathogens while preventing fluid loss.This study aimed to investigate the reparative effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus CCFM1402 on the skin barrier and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.Our findings demonstrated that the postbiotic component of CCFM1402 significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of key barrier functional proteins(FLG,LOR,and IVL)and structural proteins(ZO-1,CLDN,and OCCLUDIN)in an SDS-injured HaCaT cell model.Additionally,oral administration of CCFM1402 enhanced skin barrier repair by increasing protein levels and reducing inflammatory responses in a DNFB-induced skin barrier disruption mouse model.Notably,CCFM1402 improved functional protein expression and immune response via the AHR-OVOL1 pathway and OX40 receptor regulation.These results provide valuable insights into probiotic and postbiotic therapies for skin health,underscoring the potential of P.pentosaceus CCFM1402 as a therapeutic agent for skin barrier repair.展开更多
Maternal health plays a crucial role in fetal neurodevelopment,with high-fat diet(HFD)consumption before or during pregnancy known to induce neurodevelopmental and behavioral abnormalities in offspring.In this study,w...Maternal health plays a crucial role in fetal neurodevelopment,with high-fat diet(HFD)consumption before or during pregnancy known to induce neurodevelopmental and behavioral abnormalities in offspring.In this study,we assessed whether supplementation with Pediococcus acidilactici CCFM1344(10^(9) CFU/day,oral gavage)during pregnancy in C57BL/6J mice could serve as an effective strategy to counteract neurodevelopmental impairments in offspring induced by maternal HFD.Female mice(8 weeks old)were used for breeding,and both male and female offspring were included in the analyses.16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that CCFM1344 significantly modulated the maternal gut microbiota composition,reduced the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes(F/B)ratio,and enriched beneficial genera Alloprevotella and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group.Behavioral assessments,including the open field and three-chamber social interaction tests,demonstrated that CCFM1344 effectively ameliorated hyperactivity and social deficits in juvenile offspring,with these behavioral changes showing partial normalization in adulthood.Gut microbiota analysis of the juvenile offspring indicated that CCFM1344 significantly affected microbial diversity and improved ecological stability.In mothers,fecal metabolomics and serum cytokine profiling showed that CCFM1344 intervention regulated key metabolites,including taurine and Lhistidine,and modulated inflammatory markers such as TNF-α,IFN-γ,and IL-10.In addition,transcriptomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses of neonatal brain tissue revealed that CCFM1344 reversed the abnormal expression of genes associated with neuroinflammation and myelination—including Gfap,Mmp9,Il-1β,and Mobp—with these changes normalizing by adulthood.In conclusion,pregnancy-specific administration of CCFM1344 modulated the maternal gut microbiota and immunometabolic environment,alleviating HFDinduced impairments in early brain development and behavior in offspring.These findings highlight the critical importance of probiotic interventions during pregnancy in supporting neurodevelopmental health in the next generation.展开更多
Pediococcus acidilactici has demonstrated promising potential as a psychobiotic with positive effects on gut health and depressive behaviors.Prior research has found that the relative levels of lactate in the intestin...Pediococcus acidilactici has demonstrated promising potential as a psychobiotic with positive effects on gut health and depressive behaviors.Prior research has found that the relative levels of lactate in the intestines of both depressed patients and mice are different from normal levels.In this study,we established a chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model to compare the effects of high-lactate-producing P.acidilactici strain CCFM1344 and low-lactate-producing strain FSDLZ42M3 on depressive symptoms.Our experimental results showed that after four weeks of intervention,CCFM1344 significantly alleviated anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS.Furthermore,CCFM1344 restored serum LPS levels,as well as the abnormally elevated LPS receptor protein and downstream pro-inflammatory cytokine genes expression in the hippocampus.Conversely,FSDLZ42M3 did not exhibit these effects.Notably,CCFM1344 was found to inhibit the abnormal activation of microglia for the first time.Additionally,16S rDNA V3-V4 sequencing and untargeted metabolomics assays revealed that CCFM1344 intervention improved gut microbiota dysbiosis.Specifically,it increased the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and regulated the aberrant intestinal metabolites in mice.These findings expand the potential applications of P.acidilactici as a probiotic and provide theoretical guidance for using CCFM1344 to prevent,alleviate,and treat neurological dysfunction.展开更多
The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining host defense and homeostasis through complex cellular and molecular interactions.This study evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of the paraprobiotic Pediococcu...The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining host defense and homeostasis through complex cellular and molecular interactions.This study evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of the paraprobiotic Pediococcus acidilactici SY23 in combination with chondroitin sulfate(CS)on RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.Co-treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and upregulated the production of nitric oxide(NO)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)compared to individual treatments.In addition,phagocytic activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were markedly elevated.Co-treatment also induced substantial increases in the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).The observed immunostimulatory responses were linked to the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling cascades,as demonstrated by elevated phosphorylation levels of p65,ERK,JNK,and p38.Furthermore,the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)was markedly upregulated following co-treatment.These findings demonstrate that paraprobiotic P.acidilactici SY23,in combination with CS,promotes macrophage-mediated immune activation via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.This suggests potential applicability of the formulation as a safe and effective immunomodulatory agent in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals.展开更多
In this study,α-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition activities of cell-free supernatant(CFS)of 216 lactic acid bacteria were measured to screen lactic acid bacteria resources with potential hypoglycemic functions.Si...In this study,α-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition activities of cell-free supernatant(CFS)of 216 lactic acid bacteria were measured to screen lactic acid bacteria resources with potential hypoglycemic functions.Significant inhibition activities were detected in Pediococcus acidilactici FM-Pa-JXM94,L15,GC215 and L31,and their probiotic properties were further assessed.Following the inhibitory activities onα-glucosidase andα-amylase,the viability of simulated gastric juice and adhesive ability,FM-Pa-JXM94 was screened and identified as Pediococcus acidilactici by 16S rDNA nucleotide sequencing,and the potential hypoglycemic mechanism was explored using IR-HepG2.CFS,cell-free extract(CFE)and bacterial cells of FM-Pa-JXM94 demonstrated a strong potential to induce glucose consumption,glycogen synthesis,and pyruvate kinase activity,as well as decrease phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity of IR-HepG2 cells.Additionally,RT-qPCR results showed that CFS,CFE and bacteria cells upregulated the mRNA expression of IRS1,AKT,GYS2 and PI3K genes and downregulated the mRNA expression of GSK3β,FOXO1,PEPCK and G-6-Pase genes of IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/GYS2 and PI3K/AKT/FOXO1/PEPCK-G6Pase signal pathways.These findings illustrate that the different FM-Pa-JXM94 derivatives could alleviate insulin resistance of IR-HepG2 cells from key enzyme activity and gene levels.This study showcases FM-Pa-JXM94 as a promising probiotic candidate for preparing functional foods and hypoglycemic function supplements.展开更多
Okara is produced in large quantities annually in China,but much of it is discarded due to its high content of indigestible dietary fiber(DF),contributing to significant environmental challenges.Recognizing the undere...Okara is produced in large quantities annually in China,but much of it is discarded due to its high content of indigestible dietary fiber(DF),contributing to significant environmental challenges.Recognizing the underexplored medicinal potential of DF,we developed an efficient fermentation method to enhance the bioavailability of okara fiber.In this study,Pediococcus acidilactici IFJ-1,which has strong enzymatic production capabilities and beneficial effects on gastrointestinal flora modulation,was selected to ferment okara.Results showed decreases in viscosity and particle size,optimized surface structure,improved thermal stability and hydration properties,and a significant increase in soluble DF content from 1.85%to 3.91%.To evaluate the physiological effects,hyperlipidemic mouse models were established and subjected to dietary interventions utilizing okara and fermented okara to measure changes in physicochemical parameters,gut microbiota composition,and lipid metabolism.The dietary intervention was effective,particularly in the fermented okara group,showing a 7.3%weight loss,improved blood lipids(triglycerides:‒39.8%,total cholesterol:‒12.8%,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol:‒34.2%,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol:+26.2%),and a 22.2%lower liver index.Gut microbiota analysis revealed that fermented okara positively modulated the microbial community by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria(e.g.,Bacteroidota)and reducing the abundance of obesity-associated bacteria(e.g.,Bacillota).Lipid metabolism profiling further demonstrated that fermented okara downregulated harmful lipids(e.g.,(O-acyl)-ω-hydroxy fatty acids,ceramides,and diacylglycerols)while upregulating beneficial phospholipids(e.g.,phosphatidylinositol,phosphatidylserine,phosphatidylethanolamine,lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidic acid).This study highlights a novel approach for enhancing DF utilization through fermentation,providing valuable insights into strategies for preventing obesity and metabolic diseases.展开更多
Pediococcus pentosaceus has a promising potential to improve the quality and flavor of Chinese steamed bread(CSB),but its synergistic effect with Saccharomyces cerevisiae is still unclear.In this study,P.pentosaceus w...Pediococcus pentosaceus has a promising potential to improve the quality and flavor of Chinese steamed bread(CSB),but its synergistic effect with Saccharomyces cerevisiae is still unclear.In this study,P.pentosaceus was cocultured with three S.cerevisiae isolates separately,which had different leavening ability.The times required for the fermentation of dough by 2 times the volume of S.cerevisiae isolates ACX 0089,ACX 0490 and ACX 0078 were 46,88 and 120 min,respectively.The results showed that the leavening ability of S.cerevisiae had a significant impact on the quality of CSBs.Compared other S.cerevisiae isolates,the ACX 0490 cocultured with P.pentosaceus increased the contents of bound water and free water in CSB,decreased the content of semibound water,and produced larger and regular porosity,thus endowed a greater specific volume and softer texture.A total of 36 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were found in CSBs,with alcohols accounting for the main component.The coculture of P.pentosaceus with the intermediate leavening ability of S.cerevisiae ACX 0490 produced the highest proportion of esters among all CSBs.Moreover,S.cerevisiae ACX 0490 endowed the CSB unique VOCs,including cyclodecanol,ethylacetate,and 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.The results of sensory evaluation also showed that S.cerevisiae ACX0490 cocultured CSB obtained the highest scores among all the test samples.The results provided a reference for selecting S.cerevisiae isolates with different leavening ability and the combination of P.pentosaceus to achieve the best quality and flavor of CSB.展开更多
Background:Increasing understanding on the functions of amino acids (AA) has led to new commercial applications and expansion of the worldwide markets.However,the current technologies rely heavily on non-food grade mi...Background:Increasing understanding on the functions of amino acids (AA) has led to new commercial applications and expansion of the worldwide markets.However,the current technologies rely heavily on non-food grade microorganism and chemical synthesis for the production of AA.Several studies reported that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the capability of producing AA owing to their well-established proteolytic system and amino acid biosynthesis genes.Hence,the objectives of this study were to explore the extracellular proteolytic activity of LAB isolated from various Malaysian fermented foods and their potential to produce AA extracellularly as feed supplements.Results:All the studied LAB isolates were versatile extracellular protease producers,whereby extracellular protease activities were detected from acidic to alkaline pH (pH 5,pH 6.5,pH 8) using qualitative and quantitative proteolytic assays.The highest proteolytic activity at pH 5 (15.76 U/mg) and pH 8 (19.42 U/mg) was achieved by Lactobacillus plantarum RG14,while Lactobacillus plantarum RS5 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity of 17.22 U/mg at pH 6.5.As for the results of AA production conducted in de Man,Rogosa and Sharpe medium and analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography system,all LAB isolates were capable of producing an array of AA.Generally,Pediococcus sp.showed greater ability for AA production as compared to Lactobacillus sp.Moreover,the studied LAB were able to produce a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine,lysine,threonine and tryptophan.P.pentosaceus TL-3 recorded the highest methionine and threonine productivity of 3.72 mg/L/h and 5.58 mg/L/h respectively.However,L.plantarum I-UL4 demonstrated a lysine productivity of 1.24 mg/L/h,while P.acidilactici TP-6 achieved up to 1.73 mg/L/h of tryptophan productivity.Conclusion:All the 17 studied LAB isolates possessed versatile extracellular proteolytic system and have vast capability of producing various amino acids including a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine,lysine,threonine and tryptophan.Despite AA production was strain dependent,the studied LAB isolates possessed vast potential and can be exploited further as a bio-agent or an alternative amino acids and bioactive peptide producers.展开更多
基金supported by the Jilin Province Science and Technology Plan Project(20230402032GH)the Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Project(20220508115RC).
文摘The gut microbiota and it’s metabolism are vital targets of probiotics regulating high fat-diet(HFD)induced hyperlipidemia,which can relieve the pressure caused by the striking growth of sub-health people.Pediococcus pentosaceus PP04(PP04)could colonize in intestine to regulate gut microbiota and it’s metabolites directly,the rebalanced intestinal flora mediated by PP04 could facilitate the secretion of short chain fatty acids to control body weight gain,PP04 intervention also changed bile acid(BA)profiles and enhanced the ileal concentrations of antagonists including tauro-α/β-muricholic acid sodium salt and ursodeoxycholic acid to inhibit intestinal farnesoid X receptor/fibroblast growth factor 15(FXR/FGF15)signaling coupled with the activation of hepatic FXR/small heterodimer partners signaling,which accelerated the hepatic BA de novo synthesis and excretion with feces to eliminate HFD caused hyperlipemia effectively.This study provided important evidence regarding PP04 as dietary supplement to relieve hyperlipidemia by influencing BA enterohepatic circulation.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81330011,No. 81790631,No. 81570512,and No. 81790633Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81121002National Key Research and Development Program of China,No. 2018YFC2000500。
文摘BACKGROUND Intestinal dysbiosis has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease(ALD), which includes changes in the microbiota composition and bacterial overgrowth, but an effective microbe-based therapy is lacking. Pediococcus pentosaceus(P. pentosaceus) CGMCC 7049 is a newly isolated strain of probiotic that has been shown to be resistant to ethanol and bile salts. However, further studies are needed to determine whether P. pentosaceus exerts a protective effect on ALD and to elucidate the potential mechanism.AIM To evaluate the protective effect of the probiotic P. pentosaceus on ethanol-induced liver injury in mice.METHODS A new ethanol-resistant strain of P. pentosaceus CGMCC 7049 was isolated from healthy adults in our laboratory. The chronic plus binge model of experimental ALD was established to evaluate the protective effects. Twenty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: The control group received a pairfed control diet and oral gavage with sterile phosphate buffered saline, the EtOH group received a ten-day Lieber-DeCarli diet containing 5% ethanol and oral gavage with phosphate buffered saline, and the P. pentosaceus group received a 5% ethanol Lieber-DeCarli diet but was treated with P. pentosaceus. One dose of isocaloric maltose dextrin or ethanol was administered by oral gavage on day 11, and the mice were sacrificed nine hours later. Blood and tissue samples(liver and gut) were harvested to evaluate gut barrier function and liver injury-related parameters. Fresh cecal contents were collected, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was used to measure short-chain fatty acid(SCFA) concentrations, and the microbiota composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.RESULTS The P. pentosaceus treatment improved ethanol-induced liver injury, with lower alanine aminotransferase, aspartate transaminase and triglyceride levels and decreased neutrophil infiltration. These changes were accompanied by decreased levels of endotoxin and inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-5, tumor necrosis factor-α, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, keratinocyte-derived protein chemokine, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. Ethanol feeding resulted in intestinal dysbiosis and gut barrier disruption, increased relative abundance of potentially pathogenic Escherichia and Staphylococcus, and the depletion of SCFA-producing bacteria, such as Prevotella, Faecalibacterium, and Clostridium. In contrast, P. pentosaceus administration increased the microbial diversity, restored the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, Prevotella, Clostridium and Akkermansia and increased propionic acid and butyric acid production by modifying SCFA-producing bacteria. Furthermore, the levels of the tight junction protein ZO-1, mucin proteins(mucin [MUC]-1, MUC-2 and MUC-4) and the antimicrobial peptide Reg3β were increased after probiotic supplementation.CONCLUSION Based on these results, the new strain of P. pentosaceus alleviated ethanol-induced liver injury by reversing gut microbiota dysbiosis, regulating intestinal SCFA metabolism, improving intestinal barrier function, and reducing circulating levels of endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Thus, this strain is a potential probiotic treatment for ALD.
基金a part of a PhD project of Sanjay Kumar that was supported by NDRI (ICAR) fellowshipNational Initiative on Climate Resilient Agriculture, India (NICRA) for providing partial support
文摘Direct-fed microbials（DFM）, generally regarded as safe status, are successfully used in improving rumen ecology, gastro-intestinal health, feed efficiency, milk production and growth rate in ruminants. On the other hand, methanogenesis in rumen, which accounts for a significant loss of ruminant energy and increased greenhouse gas in environment, is of great concern, therefore, use of DFM for improving productivity without compromising the animal health and ecological sustainability is encouraged. The present study was conducted to investigate the methane reducing potential of bacteriocinogenic strain Pediococcus pentosaceus-34. Since, the culture showed no hemolysis on blood agar and DNase activity, hence, it was considered to be avirulent in nature, a prerequisite for any DFM. The culture also showed tolerance to pH 5.0 for 24 h with 0.5% organic acid mixture, whereas when given a shock for 2 h at different p H and organic acids concentrations, it showed growth at pH 3.0 and 4.0 with 0.1 and 1.0% organic acids, respectively, as having good animal probiotics attributes. The total gas production was significantly（P〈0.05） higher in live pedicoccal culture（LPC） and dead pedicoccal culture（DPC） both with wheat straw, when compared to the control. In sugarcane bagasse, gas production was significantly lower（P〈0.05） with LPC compared to the control and DPC both. Methane was reduced by the inclusion of LPC in sugarcane bagasse（0.07 mL CH4 mg–1 dry matter digestibility） with no effect on other rumen fermentation parameters. However, with wheat straw and LPC total gas, in vitro dry matter digestibility, total volatile fatty acids increased significantly but no reduction in methane production was observed in comparison to the control. Therefore, further research is warranted in this direction, if the bacteriocinogenic strains can be used as DFM for ruminants to improve the ruminant productivity.
基金supported by the management of VIT University for intramural research fund(RGEMS-2017)
文摘Objective: To examine the survivability and stability of probiotic strains in presence and absence of pharmaceutical excipients for a long period of time at(4 ± 1)℃.Methods: The survival rates of probiotic strains, Pediococcus pentosaceus GS4(MTCC12683)(NCBI HM044322), GS17(NCBI KJ608061) and Lactobacillus gasseri(ATCC 19992), were evaluated. Probiotic strains were lyophilized individually and in combination of excipients(sorbitol, ascorbic acid, fructose and skim milk). The preparation was monitored for 120 d storing at(4 ± 1)℃. During storage, all the preparations were evaluated for viability and stability of probiotic properties like lactic acid production, antimicrobial effect, water activity, and adherence to epithelial cells.Results: Sorbitol, ascorbic acid and skim milk favoured the viability of freeze-dried cells and sustained probiotic properties during storage. Without excipients(control group),strains showed percentage of survivability not more than 70% while strains with excipients survived for 73%–93% for a long period of time.Conclusions: Commonly used excipients can be considered as a vehicle for delivering active principle in probiotic formulation and for sustaining the viability and stability of probiotic strains for a period of 120 d.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Program(32021005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200084)+2 种基金Projects of Innovation and Development Pillar Program for Key Industries in Southern Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2018DB002)National First Class Discipline Program of Food Science and Technology(JUFSTR20180102)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘This study was performed to determine the effects of bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing Pediococcus acidilactici strains on the immune system and intestinal flora of normal mice.Two P.acidilactici strains with antibacterial activity(P.acidilactici CCFM28 and CCFM18)were obtained based on the inhibition-zone assay.The produced components were identified as bacteriocins through protease treatment,pH adjustment and hydrogen peroxide treatment.Bacteriocin-producing and non-bacteriocin-producing P.acidilactici strains(P.acidilactici CCFM28,CCFM18 and NT17-3)caused significant changes in serum immune factors and intestinal flora of normal mice.After 14 days of intervention,the relative abundance of Firmicutes was significantly decreased,but that of Proteobacteria was significantly increased at the phylum level.At the genus level,the administration of three P.acidilactici strains resulted in the downregulation of Blautia and the upregulation of Ruminococcus and Lactobacillus.Furthermore,there were also different regulations on some probiotic strains,such as Bifidobacterium,Coprococcus and Akkermansia,which were closely related to the antibacterial ability of the bacteriocin and the type of strain.The results indicated that the intervention of different P.acidilactici strains could differently change the structure of intestinal flora in normal mice,which provided theoretical guidance for the selective use of bacteriocin-producing strains for health regulation in the future.
文摘Two lactic acid bacteria strains (At1BEAE22 and At344E21) isolated during tchapalo production were identified on the basis of phenotypic analyses. Bacteriocins produced by these strains were tested for their antimicrobial activities using well diffusion agar method. Heat resistance, pH sensitivity and enzyme treatments were also analyzed. Results showed that both lactic acid bacteria strains were identified as Pediococcus acidilactici. Their bacteriocins inhibited growth of Lactobacillus delbrueckii F/31, Listeria innocua ATCC 33090, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Streptococcus sp, Enterococcus faecalis CIP 105042 and Enterococcus faecium ATCC 51558. These bacteriocins were heat stable at 60°C for 30 min for all indicator bacteria. However, they remained active only against Lactobacillus delbrueckii and Listeria innocua at 121°C for 60 min. Moreover, they were active in a wide range of pH (3 to 9) with a maximum activity observed at pH 5 and 6 on all indicator bacteria. But, bacteriocin from Pediococcus acidilactici At34E21 was more stable at acidic pH than basic one. The fact that the bacteriocin was inactivated by proteinase K and α-chymotrypsin indicated its proteinaceous nature, a general characteristics of bacteriocins.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,grant number 32021005)the Guizhou Science and Technology Support Program(grant number Qian KeHe(2022)020).
文摘The high-temperature fermentation process of Daqu,a crucial ingredient in the production of Moutai-flavored Baijiu,is characterized by complex microbial interactions and differentiation at fermentation temperatures.This study is an investigation of the role that microbial cooperation and competition has in driving temperature differences during Daqu fermentation,using the results of real-time temperature monitoring,absolute quantitative amplicon sequencing,and microcalorimetry.The balanced interaction between the genera Pediococcus and Bacillus was observed to be a key factor in achieving high fermentation temperatures.The results indicated that the initial phase of fermentation is characterized by competition and niche differentiation,and that as fermentation proceeds,microbial community of the high-temperature Daqu tends to shift towards cooperation.Correlation network analysis revealed that on the 4th day of fermentation,Pediococcus and Bacillus formed distinct clusters with positive correlations within each cluster and significant negative correlation between them.The interaction and cohesion index analysis suggests that both genera play a crucial role in the high-temperature fermentation process of Daqu.Furthermore,simulated fermentation experiments confirmed that the coexistence of Pediococcus and Bacillus can enhance heat production in high-temperature environments than situations in which either genus dominates.These findings highlight the importance of the microbial community interaction in regulating fermentation temperature and provide valuable insights for optimizing the quality and consistency of Daqu fermentation products.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(No.RS-2023-00212751).
文摘The genus Pediococcus plays a significant role in the fermentation of products such as fermented vegetables,meats,and dairy,contributing to flavor development,preservation,and probiotic benefits.The functional contributions of Pediococcus species vary,making species-level differentiation crucial for optimizing fermenta-tion processes and ensuring product quality and safety.However,their high genetic similarity makes specieslevel differentiation challenging with conventional methods,which struggle to distinguish closely related spe-cies.To overcome this,a portable quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)system integrated with a biochip was developed to simultaneously detect 10 Pediococcus species.Through bioinformatics,novel genetic markers for each species were identified.Portable qPCR demonstrated high sensitivity,detecting down to 10^(1) colony-forming units/ml for all target species,with clear Ct values and no cross-reactivity.Compared to con-ventional methods(16S rRNA gene sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry)that face limitations due to genetic homogeneity or database gaps,the portable qPCR assay offered enhanced accuracy and specificity.The 10-well biochip design allowed the rapid detection of all species in real time,completing a single run in<20 min,and was successfully applied to the on-site monitoring of various food products,providing significant benefits for quality control in different fermentation environments.This system is a reliable,field-deployable solution for microbial monitoring,addressing the limitations of traditional methods.It can improve quality control and optimize fermentation processes,ensuring safety and consistency in food production.
基金supported by the Qinglan Project in Jiangsu Province,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province,and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The skin serves as a crucial barrier against environmental threats,safeguarding against toxins,UV radiation,and pathogens while preventing fluid loss.This study aimed to investigate the reparative effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus CCFM1402 on the skin barrier and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms.Our findings demonstrated that the postbiotic component of CCFM1402 significantly upregulated the mRNA expression of key barrier functional proteins(FLG,LOR,and IVL)and structural proteins(ZO-1,CLDN,and OCCLUDIN)in an SDS-injured HaCaT cell model.Additionally,oral administration of CCFM1402 enhanced skin barrier repair by increasing protein levels and reducing inflammatory responses in a DNFB-induced skin barrier disruption mouse model.Notably,CCFM1402 improved functional protein expression and immune response via the AHR-OVOL1 pathway and OX40 receptor regulation.These results provide valuable insights into probiotic and postbiotic therapies for skin health,underscoring the potential of P.pentosaceus CCFM1402 as a therapeutic agent for skin barrier repair.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201988)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2025M772993)+3 种基金the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20251966)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2025ZB158)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP123047)the Program of Collabo-rative Innovation Centre of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province.
文摘Maternal health plays a crucial role in fetal neurodevelopment,with high-fat diet(HFD)consumption before or during pregnancy known to induce neurodevelopmental and behavioral abnormalities in offspring.In this study,we assessed whether supplementation with Pediococcus acidilactici CCFM1344(10^(9) CFU/day,oral gavage)during pregnancy in C57BL/6J mice could serve as an effective strategy to counteract neurodevelopmental impairments in offspring induced by maternal HFD.Female mice(8 weeks old)were used for breeding,and both male and female offspring were included in the analyses.16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that CCFM1344 significantly modulated the maternal gut microbiota composition,reduced the Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes(F/B)ratio,and enriched beneficial genera Alloprevotella and Rikenellaceae RC9 gut group.Behavioral assessments,including the open field and three-chamber social interaction tests,demonstrated that CCFM1344 effectively ameliorated hyperactivity and social deficits in juvenile offspring,with these behavioral changes showing partial normalization in adulthood.Gut microbiota analysis of the juvenile offspring indicated that CCFM1344 significantly affected microbial diversity and improved ecological stability.In mothers,fecal metabolomics and serum cytokine profiling showed that CCFM1344 intervention regulated key metabolites,including taurine and Lhistidine,and modulated inflammatory markers such as TNF-α,IFN-γ,and IL-10.In addition,transcriptomic and quantitative real-time PCR analyses of neonatal brain tissue revealed that CCFM1344 reversed the abnormal expression of genes associated with neuroinflammation and myelination—including Gfap,Mmp9,Il-1β,and Mobp—with these changes normalizing by adulthood.In conclusion,pregnancy-specific administration of CCFM1344 modulated the maternal gut microbiota and immunometabolic environment,alleviating HFDinduced impairments in early brain development and behavior in offspring.These findings highlight the critical importance of probiotic interventions during pregnancy in supporting neurodevelopmental health in the next generation.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC2506004)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201988)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Uni-versities(JUSRP123047).
文摘Pediococcus acidilactici has demonstrated promising potential as a psychobiotic with positive effects on gut health and depressive behaviors.Prior research has found that the relative levels of lactate in the intestines of both depressed patients and mice are different from normal levels.In this study,we established a chronic unpredictable mild stress mouse model to compare the effects of high-lactate-producing P.acidilactici strain CCFM1344 and low-lactate-producing strain FSDLZ42M3 on depressive symptoms.Our experimental results showed that after four weeks of intervention,CCFM1344 significantly alleviated anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors induced by CUMS.Furthermore,CCFM1344 restored serum LPS levels,as well as the abnormally elevated LPS receptor protein and downstream pro-inflammatory cytokine genes expression in the hippocampus.Conversely,FSDLZ42M3 did not exhibit these effects.Notably,CCFM1344 was found to inhibit the abnormal activation of microglia for the first time.Additionally,16S rDNA V3-V4 sequencing and untargeted metabolomics assays revealed that CCFM1344 intervention improved gut microbiota dysbiosis.Specifically,it increased the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and regulated the aberrant intestinal metabolites in mice.These findings expand the potential applications of P.acidilactici as a probiotic and provide theoretical guidance for using CCFM1344 to prevent,alleviate,and treat neurological dysfunction.
文摘The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining host defense and homeostasis through complex cellular and molecular interactions.This study evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of the paraprobiotic Pediococcus acidilactici SY23 in combination with chondroitin sulfate(CS)on RAW 264.7 murine macrophages.Co-treatment significantly enhanced cell viability and upregulated the production of nitric oxide(NO)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)compared to individual treatments.In addition,phagocytic activity and intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels were markedly elevated.Co-treatment also induced substantial increases in the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines,including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α).The observed immunostimulatory responses were linked to the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling cascades,as demonstrated by elevated phosphorylation levels of p65,ERK,JNK,and p38.Furthermore,the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2)was markedly upregulated following co-treatment.These findings demonstrate that paraprobiotic P.acidilactici SY23,in combination with CS,promotes macrophage-mediated immune activation via the NF-κB and MAPK pathways.This suggests potential applicability of the formulation as a safe and effective immunomodulatory agent in the development of functional foods or nutraceuticals.
基金supported by Exploring and Overturning Innovation Program of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(ZX(21)1225)Key R&D Program Project of the Autonomous Region(2023B02028-2)。
文摘In this study,α-amylase andα-glucosidase inhibition activities of cell-free supernatant(CFS)of 216 lactic acid bacteria were measured to screen lactic acid bacteria resources with potential hypoglycemic functions.Significant inhibition activities were detected in Pediococcus acidilactici FM-Pa-JXM94,L15,GC215 and L31,and their probiotic properties were further assessed.Following the inhibitory activities onα-glucosidase andα-amylase,the viability of simulated gastric juice and adhesive ability,FM-Pa-JXM94 was screened and identified as Pediococcus acidilactici by 16S rDNA nucleotide sequencing,and the potential hypoglycemic mechanism was explored using IR-HepG2.CFS,cell-free extract(CFE)and bacterial cells of FM-Pa-JXM94 demonstrated a strong potential to induce glucose consumption,glycogen synthesis,and pyruvate kinase activity,as well as decrease phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity of IR-HepG2 cells.Additionally,RT-qPCR results showed that CFS,CFE and bacteria cells upregulated the mRNA expression of IRS1,AKT,GYS2 and PI3K genes and downregulated the mRNA expression of GSK3β,FOXO1,PEPCK and G-6-Pase genes of IRS-1/PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/GYS2 and PI3K/AKT/FOXO1/PEPCK-G6Pase signal pathways.These findings illustrate that the different FM-Pa-JXM94 derivatives could alleviate insulin resistance of IR-HepG2 cells from key enzyme activity and gene levels.This study showcases FM-Pa-JXM94 as a promising probiotic candidate for preparing functional foods and hypoglycemic function supplements.
基金supported by the Key Special Projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology(SQ2020YFF0404523)the North Anhui Soybean Advantageous Characteristic Industry Cluster Project(2023CYJQ013)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172162)the Key Genetic Technologies Research and Development Program of Hefei(2021GJ075)the Young Talents Program of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science(QNYC-202122).
文摘Okara is produced in large quantities annually in China,but much of it is discarded due to its high content of indigestible dietary fiber(DF),contributing to significant environmental challenges.Recognizing the underexplored medicinal potential of DF,we developed an efficient fermentation method to enhance the bioavailability of okara fiber.In this study,Pediococcus acidilactici IFJ-1,which has strong enzymatic production capabilities and beneficial effects on gastrointestinal flora modulation,was selected to ferment okara.Results showed decreases in viscosity and particle size,optimized surface structure,improved thermal stability and hydration properties,and a significant increase in soluble DF content from 1.85%to 3.91%.To evaluate the physiological effects,hyperlipidemic mouse models were established and subjected to dietary interventions utilizing okara and fermented okara to measure changes in physicochemical parameters,gut microbiota composition,and lipid metabolism.The dietary intervention was effective,particularly in the fermented okara group,showing a 7.3%weight loss,improved blood lipids(triglycerides:‒39.8%,total cholesterol:‒12.8%,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol:‒34.2%,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol:+26.2%),and a 22.2%lower liver index.Gut microbiota analysis revealed that fermented okara positively modulated the microbial community by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria(e.g.,Bacteroidota)and reducing the abundance of obesity-associated bacteria(e.g.,Bacillota).Lipid metabolism profiling further demonstrated that fermented okara downregulated harmful lipids(e.g.,(O-acyl)-ω-hydroxy fatty acids,ceramides,and diacylglycerols)while upregulating beneficial phospholipids(e.g.,phosphatidylinositol,phosphatidylserine,phosphatidylethanolamine,lysophosphatidylinositol and lysophosphatidic acid).This study highlights a novel approach for enhancing DF utilization through fermentation,providing valuable insights into strategies for preventing obesity and metabolic diseases.
基金funded by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100200/2021YFD2100201)the Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province(22HASTIT034)+1 种基金the Key Project of Henan Natural Science Foundation(242300421201)the Science and Technology Department of Henan Province(232103810025).
文摘Pediococcus pentosaceus has a promising potential to improve the quality and flavor of Chinese steamed bread(CSB),but its synergistic effect with Saccharomyces cerevisiae is still unclear.In this study,P.pentosaceus was cocultured with three S.cerevisiae isolates separately,which had different leavening ability.The times required for the fermentation of dough by 2 times the volume of S.cerevisiae isolates ACX 0089,ACX 0490 and ACX 0078 were 46,88 and 120 min,respectively.The results showed that the leavening ability of S.cerevisiae had a significant impact on the quality of CSBs.Compared other S.cerevisiae isolates,the ACX 0490 cocultured with P.pentosaceus increased the contents of bound water and free water in CSB,decreased the content of semibound water,and produced larger and regular porosity,thus endowed a greater specific volume and softer texture.A total of 36 volatile organic compounds(VOCs)were found in CSBs,with alcohols accounting for the main component.The coculture of P.pentosaceus with the intermediate leavening ability of S.cerevisiae ACX 0490 produced the highest proportion of esters among all CSBs.Moreover,S.cerevisiae ACX 0490 endowed the CSB unique VOCs,including cyclodecanol,ethylacetate,and 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde.The results of sensory evaluation also showed that S.cerevisiae ACX0490 cocultured CSB obtained the highest scores among all the test samples.The results provided a reference for selecting S.cerevisiae isolates with different leavening ability and the combination of P.pentosaceus to achieve the best quality and flavor of CSB.
基金The Long-Term Research Grant(LRGS)of the Ministry of Education of Malaysia supported this work
文摘Background:Increasing understanding on the functions of amino acids (AA) has led to new commercial applications and expansion of the worldwide markets.However,the current technologies rely heavily on non-food grade microorganism and chemical synthesis for the production of AA.Several studies reported that lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the capability of producing AA owing to their well-established proteolytic system and amino acid biosynthesis genes.Hence,the objectives of this study were to explore the extracellular proteolytic activity of LAB isolated from various Malaysian fermented foods and their potential to produce AA extracellularly as feed supplements.Results:All the studied LAB isolates were versatile extracellular protease producers,whereby extracellular protease activities were detected from acidic to alkaline pH (pH 5,pH 6.5,pH 8) using qualitative and quantitative proteolytic assays.The highest proteolytic activity at pH 5 (15.76 U/mg) and pH 8 (19.42 U/mg) was achieved by Lactobacillus plantarum RG14,while Lactobacillus plantarum RS5 exhibited the highest proteolytic activity of 17.22 U/mg at pH 6.5.As for the results of AA production conducted in de Man,Rogosa and Sharpe medium and analysed by high pressure liquid chromatography system,all LAB isolates were capable of producing an array of AA.Generally,Pediococcus sp.showed greater ability for AA production as compared to Lactobacillus sp.Moreover,the studied LAB were able to produce a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine,lysine,threonine and tryptophan.P.pentosaceus TL-3 recorded the highest methionine and threonine productivity of 3.72 mg/L/h and 5.58 mg/L/h respectively.However,L.plantarum I-UL4 demonstrated a lysine productivity of 1.24 mg/L/h,while P.acidilactici TP-6 achieved up to 1.73 mg/L/h of tryptophan productivity.Conclusion:All the 17 studied LAB isolates possessed versatile extracellular proteolytic system and have vast capability of producing various amino acids including a few major feed supplement AA such as methionine,lysine,threonine and tryptophan.Despite AA production was strain dependent,the studied LAB isolates possessed vast potential and can be exploited further as a bio-agent or an alternative amino acids and bioactive peptide producers.
