A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard(Brassica juncea) and a field crop, winter wheat(Tr...A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard(Brassica juncea) and a field crop, winter wheat(Triticum.aestivum). Elemental sulfur(S) with different rates was carried out, they were 0(S 0), 20(S 20), 40(S 40), 80(S 80), and 160(S 160) mmol/kg respectively. Extra pots with the same rates of S but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor pH and CaCl 2-extractable heavy metal changes. The results showed that S enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and Zn from contaminated soil. Application S effectively decreased soil pH down to 1.1 as the most at the rate of S 160. The concentrations of CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn in soil and uptake of Pb and Zn by the plants were increased with soil pH decreased. A good correlation between CaCl 2-extractable Pb/Zn and soil pH was found(R 2 Pb = 0.847 and R 2 Zn = 0.991, n=25). With S application, soil CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn concentrations, concentration of Pb and Zn in plants and the amount of removal by plant uptake were significantly higher than those without S. Under the treatment of S 160, the highest CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn were observed, they were 4.23 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, 2.7 and 2.0 times as that of the control(S 0) respectively. At the highest rates of S(S 160), both Indian mustard and winter wheat reached the highest uptake of Pb and Zn. The highest Pb concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 32.8 mg/kg and 537.0 mg/kg, all 1.8 times as that of the control, and the highest Zn concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 215.5 mg/kg and 404.0 mg/kg, 2.4 and 2.0 times as that of the control respectively. The highest removals of Pb and Zn from the contaminated soil were 0.41 mg/pot and 0.31 mg/pot by Indian mustard in the treatment of S 160 through 50 days growth.展开更多
A method was developed for the rapid in situ analysis of major and trace elements and Pb isotopes in silicate glass samples that combines laser ablation quadrupole and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass s...A method was developed for the rapid in situ analysis of major and trace elements and Pb isotopes in silicate glass samples that combines laser ablation quadrupole and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（LA-Q-ICP-MS/MC-ICP-MS）. Major, trace elements, and Pb isotope ratio compositions were clearly affected by laser conditions. Using a laser spot size of 160 μm, a laser ablation frequency of 15 Hz, an energy density 18 J/cm^2, and a 1 ： 9 ratio of laser ablation aerosol to the corresponding makeup gas, we obtained accurate major and trace element contents and Pb isotope ratios. Using Ca as the internal standard element, and GSE-1G and NIST 610 as the external standards for calibration, element contents generally matched the preferred values within 15%. Higher relative errors for some elements（e.g., Cr, Ga, Ge） may have been caused by lower than recommended values in some standards. The exponential law correction method for Tl normalization, with optimum adjusted Tl ratio, was utilized to obtain Pb isotopic data with good precision and accuracy. Pb isotopic ratios of the glass reference materials were in good agreement with the reference or published values to within 2 s measurement uncertainties, and the analytical precision was better than 0.17%（e.g., ^（208）Pb/^（206）Pb）. The developed method is a simple, reliable, and accurate technique for determining major, trace elements, and Pb isotope compositions of silicate glasses and minerals within a single ablation event.展开更多
The Dongfengnanshan Cu polymetallic deposit is one representative deposit of the Tianbaoshan ore district in the Yanbian area, northeast(NE) China. There occur two types of ore bodies in this deposit, the stratiform o...The Dongfengnanshan Cu polymetallic deposit is one representative deposit of the Tianbaoshan ore district in the Yanbian area, northeast(NE) China. There occur two types of ore bodies in this deposit, the stratiform ore bodies and veintype ones, controlled by the Early Permian strata and the Late Hercynian diorite intrusion, respectively. Due to the ambiguous genetic type of the stratiform ore bodies, there has been controversy on the relationship between them and veintype ore bodies. To determine the genetic type of stratiform ore bodies, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) in situ trace elements and S–Pb isotope analysis have been carried on the sulfides in the stratiform ore bodies. Compared with that in skarn, Mississippi Valley-type(MVT), and epithermal deposits, sphalerite samples in the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit are significantly enriched in Fe, Mn, and In, while depleted in Ga, Ge, and Cd, which is similar to the sphalerite in volcanic-associated massive sulfide(VMS) deposits. Co/Ni ratio of pyrrhotites in the stratiform ore bodies is similar to that in VMS-type deposits. The concentrations of Zn and Cd of chalcopyrites are similar to those of recrystallized VMS-type deposits. These characteristics also reflect the intermediate ore-forming temperature of the stratiform ore bodies in this deposit. Sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides are similar to those of VMS-type deposits, reflecting that sulfur originated from the Permian Miaoling Formation. Lead isotope compositions indicate mixed-source for lead. Moreover, the comparison of the Dongfengnanshan stratiform ore bodies with some VMStype deposits in China and abroad, on the trace elements and S–Pb isotope characteristics of the sulfides reveals that the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit belong to the VMS-type, and have closely genetic relationship with the early Permian marine volcanic sedimentary rocks.展开更多
We performed a systematic trace and rare earth element analysis for the bedded Fe-Mn carbonate rocks related to the stratiform Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization in the Lengshuikeng ore district, Jiangxi Province, South China. T...We performed a systematic trace and rare earth element analysis for the bedded Fe-Mn carbonate rocks related to the stratiform Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization in the Lengshuikeng ore district, Jiangxi Province, South China. Three types of Fe-Mn carbonates are distinguished, namely, the massive, breccia, and vein types. Both carbonate and silicate fractions in the samples are analyzed for their trace and rare earth element concentrations using a step acid-leaching technique. Our results show that the carbonate fractions in the massive type samples have the lowest REE concentrations but pronounced positive Eu and Y anomalies with Eu/Eu＊ value from 1.3 to 6.2 and Y/Ho value from 40.1 to 59.5, and similar characteristics are also shown for the silicate fractions in the massive type samples（Eu/Eu＊=1.0-6.7, Y/Ho=20.7-55.1）. These REE characteristics are similar to those of Sedex type massive sulfide deposits worldwide, and we suggest that the massive type Fe-Mn carbonate rocks were likely formed from an exhalative volcanic-hydrothermal fluid feeding the depression basin of a volcanic lake. The high concentrations of redox-sensitive elements and ratios such as U/Th, V/Cr and V/（V＋Ni） indicate a dysoxic environment for the Fe-Mn carbonate deposition. In contrast, the breccia type and vein type Fe-Mn carbonate samples show different trace and rare earth element features from those of massive type samples, and they are more similar to the volcanic rocks and magmatic-hydrothermal fluids in the Lengshuikeng ore district and may reflect strong overprinting from volcanic and sub-volcanic magmatism related to the porphyry type mineralization in the district.展开更多
利用配有的New Wave213nm激光和ThermoFisher X Series2四极杆等离子体质谱,对年龄在158～1065Ma之间的5个标准锆石进行了U-Pb同位素和微量元素的同时测定。测定结果显示,在激光频率为10Hz,斑束直径为30μm下,91500、GJ-1、TEMORA-1、Pl...利用配有的New Wave213nm激光和ThermoFisher X Series2四极杆等离子体质谱,对年龄在158～1065Ma之间的5个标准锆石进行了U-Pb同位素和微量元素的同时测定。测定结果显示,在激光频率为10Hz,斑束直径为30μm下,91500、GJ-1、TEMORA-1、Pleovice和Qinghu标准锆石所获得的加权平均年龄分别为(1059±11)Ma(2σ,n=21),(604.4±4.7)Ma(2σ,n=25),(419.3±3.4)Ma(2σ,n=14),(338.7±2.4)Ma(2σ,n=23)和(158.9±1.7)Ma(2σ,n=18),年龄分析测定的单点相对偏差(2σ)均小于5.6%,加权平均年龄的相对偏差(2σ)均小于1.08%。5个标准锆石定年结果在误差范围内与前人报道的年龄值完全一致。在相同的测试条件下,以NIST610为外标,对上述标准锆石的微量元素进行了同时测定,Pleovice除了Nb比文献给定的值偏高外,其余微量元素和91500微量元素的测定结果都落在文献报道的范围之内,GJ-1中的Pb、Th和U落在TIMS测定值的范围之内,TEMORA-1中的Th和U落在SHRIMP测定的值之内,Qinghu中的Th和U落在SIMS测定的值之内。从5个标准锆石的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线可看出,所获得的稀土元素的相对含量也准确。展开更多
文摘A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the influence of elemental sulfur to contaminated soil on plant uptake by a heavy metal hyperaccumulator, Indian mustard(Brassica juncea) and a field crop, winter wheat(Triticum.aestivum). Elemental sulfur(S) with different rates was carried out, they were 0(S 0), 20(S 20), 40(S 40), 80(S 80), and 160(S 160) mmol/kg respectively. Extra pots with the same rates of S but without plants were used for soil sampling to monitor pH and CaCl 2-extractable heavy metal changes. The results showed that S enhanced phytoextraction of Pb and Zn from contaminated soil. Application S effectively decreased soil pH down to 1.1 as the most at the rate of S 160. The concentrations of CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn in soil and uptake of Pb and Zn by the plants were increased with soil pH decreased. A good correlation between CaCl 2-extractable Pb/Zn and soil pH was found(R 2 Pb = 0.847 and R 2 Zn = 0.991, n=25). With S application, soil CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn concentrations, concentration of Pb and Zn in plants and the amount of removal by plant uptake were significantly higher than those without S. Under the treatment of S 160, the highest CaCl 2-extractable Pb and Zn were observed, they were 4.23 mg/kg and 0.40 mg/kg, 2.7 and 2.0 times as that of the control(S 0) respectively. At the highest rates of S(S 160), both Indian mustard and winter wheat reached the highest uptake of Pb and Zn. The highest Pb concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 32.8 mg/kg and 537.0 mg/kg, all 1.8 times as that of the control, and the highest Zn concentrations in wheat and Indian mustard were 215.5 mg/kg and 404.0 mg/kg, 2.4 and 2.0 times as that of the control respectively. The highest removals of Pb and Zn from the contaminated soil were 0.41 mg/pot and 0.31 mg/pot by Indian mustard in the treatment of S 160 through 50 days growth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.41427804,41421002,41373004)the Beijing SHRIMP Center Open Foundation+1 种基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in China Universities (No.IRT1281)the MOST Research Foundation from the State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics,Northwest University,Xi’an,China (Nos.BJ08132-1,201210006)
文摘A method was developed for the rapid in situ analysis of major and trace elements and Pb isotopes in silicate glass samples that combines laser ablation quadrupole and multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（LA-Q-ICP-MS/MC-ICP-MS）. Major, trace elements, and Pb isotope ratio compositions were clearly affected by laser conditions. Using a laser spot size of 160 μm, a laser ablation frequency of 15 Hz, an energy density 18 J/cm^2, and a 1 ： 9 ratio of laser ablation aerosol to the corresponding makeup gas, we obtained accurate major and trace element contents and Pb isotope ratios. Using Ca as the internal standard element, and GSE-1G and NIST 610 as the external standards for calibration, element contents generally matched the preferred values within 15%. Higher relative errors for some elements（e.g., Cr, Ga, Ge） may have been caused by lower than recommended values in some standards. The exponential law correction method for Tl normalization, with optimum adjusted Tl ratio, was utilized to obtain Pb isotopic data with good precision and accuracy. Pb isotopic ratios of the glass reference materials were in good agreement with the reference or published values to within 2 s measurement uncertainties, and the analytical precision was better than 0.17%（e.g., ^（208）Pb/^（206）Pb）. The developed method is a simple, reliable, and accurate technique for determining major, trace elements, and Pb isotope compositions of silicate glasses and minerals within a single ablation event.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (No. 41772062)
文摘The Dongfengnanshan Cu polymetallic deposit is one representative deposit of the Tianbaoshan ore district in the Yanbian area, northeast(NE) China. There occur two types of ore bodies in this deposit, the stratiform ore bodies and veintype ones, controlled by the Early Permian strata and the Late Hercynian diorite intrusion, respectively. Due to the ambiguous genetic type of the stratiform ore bodies, there has been controversy on the relationship between them and veintype ore bodies. To determine the genetic type of stratiform ore bodies, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) in situ trace elements and S–Pb isotope analysis have been carried on the sulfides in the stratiform ore bodies. Compared with that in skarn, Mississippi Valley-type(MVT), and epithermal deposits, sphalerite samples in the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit are significantly enriched in Fe, Mn, and In, while depleted in Ga, Ge, and Cd, which is similar to the sphalerite in volcanic-associated massive sulfide(VMS) deposits. Co/Ni ratio of pyrrhotites in the stratiform ore bodies is similar to that in VMS-type deposits. The concentrations of Zn and Cd of chalcopyrites are similar to those of recrystallized VMS-type deposits. These characteristics also reflect the intermediate ore-forming temperature of the stratiform ore bodies in this deposit. Sulfur isotope compositions of sulfides are similar to those of VMS-type deposits, reflecting that sulfur originated from the Permian Miaoling Formation. Lead isotope compositions indicate mixed-source for lead. Moreover, the comparison of the Dongfengnanshan stratiform ore bodies with some VMStype deposits in China and abroad, on the trace elements and S–Pb isotope characteristics of the sulfides reveals that the stratiform ore bodies of the Dongfengnanshan deposit belong to the VMS-type, and have closely genetic relationship with the early Permian marine volcanic sedimentary rocks.
基金supported by the National 973 Program of China (No. 2012CB416706)
文摘We performed a systematic trace and rare earth element analysis for the bedded Fe-Mn carbonate rocks related to the stratiform Ag-Pb-Zn mineralization in the Lengshuikeng ore district, Jiangxi Province, South China. Three types of Fe-Mn carbonates are distinguished, namely, the massive, breccia, and vein types. Both carbonate and silicate fractions in the samples are analyzed for their trace and rare earth element concentrations using a step acid-leaching technique. Our results show that the carbonate fractions in the massive type samples have the lowest REE concentrations but pronounced positive Eu and Y anomalies with Eu/Eu＊ value from 1.3 to 6.2 and Y/Ho value from 40.1 to 59.5, and similar characteristics are also shown for the silicate fractions in the massive type samples（Eu/Eu＊=1.0-6.7, Y/Ho=20.7-55.1）. These REE characteristics are similar to those of Sedex type massive sulfide deposits worldwide, and we suggest that the massive type Fe-Mn carbonate rocks were likely formed from an exhalative volcanic-hydrothermal fluid feeding the depression basin of a volcanic lake. The high concentrations of redox-sensitive elements and ratios such as U/Th, V/Cr and V/（V＋Ni） indicate a dysoxic environment for the Fe-Mn carbonate deposition. In contrast, the breccia type and vein type Fe-Mn carbonate samples show different trace and rare earth element features from those of massive type samples, and they are more similar to the volcanic rocks and magmatic-hydrothermal fluids in the Lengshuikeng ore district and may reflect strong overprinting from volcanic and sub-volcanic magmatism related to the porphyry type mineralization in the district.
文摘利用配有的New Wave213nm激光和ThermoFisher X Series2四极杆等离子体质谱,对年龄在158～1065Ma之间的5个标准锆石进行了U-Pb同位素和微量元素的同时测定。测定结果显示,在激光频率为10Hz,斑束直径为30μm下,91500、GJ-1、TEMORA-1、Pleovice和Qinghu标准锆石所获得的加权平均年龄分别为(1059±11)Ma(2σ,n=21),(604.4±4.7)Ma(2σ,n=25),(419.3±3.4)Ma(2σ,n=14),(338.7±2.4)Ma(2σ,n=23)和(158.9±1.7)Ma(2σ,n=18),年龄分析测定的单点相对偏差(2σ)均小于5.6%,加权平均年龄的相对偏差(2σ)均小于1.08%。5个标准锆石定年结果在误差范围内与前人报道的年龄值完全一致。在相同的测试条件下,以NIST610为外标,对上述标准锆石的微量元素进行了同时测定,Pleovice除了Nb比文献给定的值偏高外,其余微量元素和91500微量元素的测定结果都落在文献报道的范围之内,GJ-1中的Pb、Th和U落在TIMS测定值的范围之内,TEMORA-1中的Th和U落在SHRIMP测定的值之内,Qinghu中的Th和U落在SIMS测定的值之内。从5个标准锆石的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化曲线可看出,所获得的稀土元素的相对含量也准确。
