Mangrove ecosystems support biodiversity,protect coastal areas,and provide sustainable livelihoods.However,they face significant threats from deforestation and unsustainable land use practices.This study examines the ...Mangrove ecosystems support biodiversity,protect coastal areas,and provide sustainable livelihoods.However,they face significant threats from deforestation and unsustainable land use practices.This study examines the viability of the payments for ecosystem services(PES)programs in promoting sustainable mangrove tourism in Tongke-Tongke Village,Sinjai District,South SulawesiProvince,Indonesia.We collected data through household surveys,semi-structured stakeholder interviews,and tourist questionnaires to evaluate the economic value of mangrove tourism and tourists’willingness to pay(WTP)for conservation.Analytical methods included quantitative descriptive analysis,thematic analysis,travel cost analysis,and contingent valuationmethod.The results indicatedstrong community support,with 70.00% of respondents acknowledging sustainable mangrove tourism’s economic,environmental,and cultural benefits.Economic estimates revealedthat mangrove tourism generated 943.00 USD/(hm^(2)·a),while tourists’WTP for conservation rangedfrom 0.21 to 0.56 USD/(person×month),contributing approximately 11.39 USD/(hm^(2)·a).Despite challenges such as inadequate infrastructure,socioeconomic disparities,and land privatization,this study advocates for integrating the PES programs,enhancing governance frameworks,and fostering local community engagement to ensure equitable benefit distribution and maximize the potential of mangrove tourism.These strategies aim to bolster conservation efforts,improve local livelihoods,and strengthen the resilience of mangroveecosystems.展开更多
This study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine how the social support received by teachers is associated with their work pay fairness perception in relation to their job satisfaction and job performance...This study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine how the social support received by teachers is associated with their work pay fairness perception in relation to their job satisfaction and job performance.Data were collected from 2411 preschool teachers in China(female=98.01%;mean age=29.12 years,SD=6.28 years).These data were analyzed using structural equation modelling,bootstrapping and latent moderate structural equations.The results indicated that teachers’perception of pay fairness is directly associated with self-rated job performance.Additionally,pay fairness perceptions have an indirect effect on higher job performance through job satisfaction.The social support that teachers perceive moderates the relationship between pay fairness perception and job satisfaction:the more social support teachers receive,the weaker the impact of pay fairness perception on job satisfaction.Thesefindings suggest that teachers’perception of pay fairness is related to their sense of quality of work life,as indicated by their job satisfaction and performance.展开更多
This study examines the transformative impact of Apple Pay on urban landscapes and socioeconomic frameworks,with a particular focus on spending patterns and retail dynamics in metropolitan areas.By evaluating the adop...This study examines the transformative impact of Apple Pay on urban landscapes and socioeconomic frameworks,with a particular focus on spending patterns and retail dynamics in metropolitan areas.By evaluating the adoption levels,the technological support,and the social impact of Apple Pay,the study shows that the service is both a catalyst for the development of digital payment and a sign of an increasing social gap.Although it has rapidly transformed Retail Enterprises and supported the construction of smart cities,especially in major world cities such as New York,London,and Tokyo,the work has brought out notable digital divides.Although Apple Pay,with more than 75%of iPhone users and 9,000 banks in 60 world areas and regions,has impacts that are not the same across urban populations,the study shows that while large format retailers have effectively adopted Apple Pay for value-added services to consumers and enhanced payment efficiency,small businesses encounter significant barriers in implementation.Additionally,the technology leverages smartphone usage and banking relationships,which does not address considerable urban population demographics and deeper issues of technology exclusion and inequality in the contemporary city.Such results call for attaining a just society’s technological advancement for efficiencies while still catering to all groups of urban dwellers.展开更多
Objective Antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance have been gradually used by people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)in recent years in China.This study aimed to analyze their willingness to pa...Objective Antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance have been gradually used by people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)in recent years in China.This study aimed to analyze their willingness to pay(WTP)for antiretroviral drugs.Methods A mixed-methods study design involving a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews was conducted.A cross-sectional survey was performed to collect data on the general characteristics,economic status,antiretroviral therapy(ART)status,and WTP of PLWH in 18 Chinese cities from August 2022 to February 2023.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with WTP.Representatives of PLWH were interviewed via in-depth interviews,and the data were thematically analyzed.Results Among the 941 PLWH,271(28.80%)were willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.For basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:an educational level of senior high school or technical secondary school,having an undergraduate degree or higher,frequently working away from their hometowns,and homosexual transmission.Off-farm workers and recipients of government medical aid were more unwilling to pay.For basic medical insurance for urban employees,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:frequently working away from their hometowns;homosexual transmission;personal annual income≥100,000 CNY;and adverse events of antiretroviral drugs.The main reasons for PLWH’s WTP for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance were that the drugs had fewer adverse events and were easier to administer.The main reasons for PLWH’s unwillingness to pay were financial difficulties and privacy concerns.Conclusion Nearly one-third of PLWH are willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.In the future,PLWH with a high WTP can be guided to use these drugs.展开更多
As of January 31,2024,China had concluded mutual visa exemption agreements covering different types of passports with 157 countries,reached agreements or arrangements on simplified visa procedures with 44 countries,an...As of January 31,2024,China had concluded mutual visa exemption agreements covering different types of passports with 157 countries,reached agreements or arrangements on simplified visa procedures with 44 countries,and enjoyed comprehensive mutual visa exemptions with 23 countries including Thailand,Singapore,Maldives,and the United Arab Emirates.展开更多
In recent yea rs,t raditiona l offline supermarkets are facing big challenges,and warehouse membership superma rkets(hereinafter referred to as membership supermarkets)are quickly gaining p opu l a r it y.Ma ny t r ad...In recent yea rs,t raditiona l offline supermarkets are facing big challenges,and warehouse membership superma rkets(hereinafter referred to as membership supermarkets)are quickly gaining p opu l a r it y.Ma ny t r ad it iona l supermarkets have become membership supermarkets,and even many retail enterprises have entered this field.展开更多
CHINA’S visa-free policy keeps expanding and the country has entered a new era of welcoming visitors from an increasing global reach.By January 1,2024,China had inked mutual visa exemption agreements with 157 countri...CHINA’S visa-free policy keeps expanding and the country has entered a new era of welcoming visitors from an increasing global reach.By January 1,2024,China had inked mutual visa exemption agreements with 157 countries,simplified visa procedures with 44 countries,and enjoyed comprehensive mutual visa exemptions with 23 countries,including Thailand,Singapore,the Maldives,and the United Arab Emirates.展开更多
As cross-border trade and investment continue to grow and the geopolitical rivalry becomes ever more intense,crossborder payment becomes one of the topical issues for the BRICS countries to reform the global economic ...As cross-border trade and investment continue to grow and the geopolitical rivalry becomes ever more intense,crossborder payment becomes one of the topical issues for the BRICS countries to reform the global economic governance system.BRICS cross-border payment cooperation is directly due to the flaws in traditional cross-border payment system,namely,high cost,low efficiency,opaque transactions,high security risks and weaponization.展开更多
This study employed the Contingent Valuation Method to assess the willingness to pay of water users, as a source of financing for the sustainable development of Barobbob Watershed. The WTP study was conducted among 34...This study employed the Contingent Valuation Method to assess the willingness to pay of water users, as a source of financing for the sustainable development of Barobbob Watershed. The WTP study was conducted among 345 waters users in 19 barangays in the municipalities of Solano and Bayombong. Uncensored data revealed that 63.8% (58.84% for the adjusted) of the respondents revealed willingness to pay for improved watershed management. The mean WTP amount, estimated through a logit model, Turnbull Distributor-Free Estimator and Lower Bound Estimate, is found to be PhP39.35, PhP27.80 and PhP25.90/month/household, respectively. Respondents WTP is influenced by bid amount, age, membership in environmental organization, experience with water-related problems, civil status, house ownership, and awareness on the concept of watershed. Respondents were willing to pay because they wanted a sustainable water supply for the present and future generations. A payment scheme is possible and it could provide a sustainable flow of fund, however, the willingness percentages still needed to be increased. Community education and public awareness (CEPA) campaign is necessary to enhance the water users’ knowledge and understand about the importance and values of watersheds. Ultimately, WTP percentage and WTP amounts would increase.展开更多
基金the State University of Makassar for their financial backing of this study(SP DIPA-023.17.2.677523/2021 Revision 01).
文摘Mangrove ecosystems support biodiversity,protect coastal areas,and provide sustainable livelihoods.However,they face significant threats from deforestation and unsustainable land use practices.This study examines the viability of the payments for ecosystem services(PES)programs in promoting sustainable mangrove tourism in Tongke-Tongke Village,Sinjai District,South SulawesiProvince,Indonesia.We collected data through household surveys,semi-structured stakeholder interviews,and tourist questionnaires to evaluate the economic value of mangrove tourism and tourists’willingness to pay(WTP)for conservation.Analytical methods included quantitative descriptive analysis,thematic analysis,travel cost analysis,and contingent valuationmethod.The results indicatedstrong community support,with 70.00% of respondents acknowledging sustainable mangrove tourism’s economic,environmental,and cultural benefits.Economic estimates revealedthat mangrove tourism generated 943.00 USD/(hm^(2)·a),while tourists’WTP for conservation rangedfrom 0.21 to 0.56 USD/(person×month),contributing approximately 11.39 USD/(hm^(2)·a).Despite challenges such as inadequate infrastructure,socioeconomic disparities,and land privatization,this study advocates for integrating the PES programs,enhancing governance frameworks,and fostering local community engagement to ensure equitable benefit distribution and maximize the potential of mangrove tourism.These strategies aim to bolster conservation efforts,improve local livelihoods,and strengthen the resilience of mangroveecosystems.
基金funded by the National Social Science Fund of China,grant number CHA200267.
文摘This study constructed a moderated mediation model to examine how the social support received by teachers is associated with their work pay fairness perception in relation to their job satisfaction and job performance.Data were collected from 2411 preschool teachers in China(female=98.01%;mean age=29.12 years,SD=6.28 years).These data were analyzed using structural equation modelling,bootstrapping and latent moderate structural equations.The results indicated that teachers’perception of pay fairness is directly associated with self-rated job performance.Additionally,pay fairness perceptions have an indirect effect on higher job performance through job satisfaction.The social support that teachers perceive moderates the relationship between pay fairness perception and job satisfaction:the more social support teachers receive,the weaker the impact of pay fairness perception on job satisfaction.Thesefindings suggest that teachers’perception of pay fairness is related to their sense of quality of work life,as indicated by their job satisfaction and performance.
文摘This study examines the transformative impact of Apple Pay on urban landscapes and socioeconomic frameworks,with a particular focus on spending patterns and retail dynamics in metropolitan areas.By evaluating the adoption levels,the technological support,and the social impact of Apple Pay,the study shows that the service is both a catalyst for the development of digital payment and a sign of an increasing social gap.Although it has rapidly transformed Retail Enterprises and supported the construction of smart cities,especially in major world cities such as New York,London,and Tokyo,the work has brought out notable digital divides.Although Apple Pay,with more than 75%of iPhone users and 9,000 banks in 60 world areas and regions,has impacts that are not the same across urban populations,the study shows that while large format retailers have effectively adopted Apple Pay for value-added services to consumers and enhanced payment efficiency,small businesses encounter significant barriers in implementation.Additionally,the technology leverages smartphone usage and banking relationships,which does not address considerable urban population demographics and deeper issues of technology exclusion and inequality in the contemporary city.Such results call for attaining a just society’s technological advancement for efficiencies while still catering to all groups of urban dwellers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[Grant No.72374186]。
文摘Objective Antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance have been gradually used by people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH)in recent years in China.This study aimed to analyze their willingness to pay(WTP)for antiretroviral drugs.Methods A mixed-methods study design involving a cross-sectional survey and in-depth interviews was conducted.A cross-sectional survey was performed to collect data on the general characteristics,economic status,antiretroviral therapy(ART)status,and WTP of PLWH in 18 Chinese cities from August 2022 to February 2023.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with WTP.Representatives of PLWH were interviewed via in-depth interviews,and the data were thematically analyzed.Results Among the 941 PLWH,271(28.80%)were willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.For basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:an educational level of senior high school or technical secondary school,having an undergraduate degree or higher,frequently working away from their hometowns,and homosexual transmission.Off-farm workers and recipients of government medical aid were more unwilling to pay.For basic medical insurance for urban employees,PLWH with the following characteristics were more willing to pay:frequently working away from their hometowns;homosexual transmission;personal annual income≥100,000 CNY;and adverse events of antiretroviral drugs.The main reasons for PLWH’s WTP for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance were that the drugs had fewer adverse events and were easier to administer.The main reasons for PLWH’s unwillingness to pay were financial difficulties and privacy concerns.Conclusion Nearly one-third of PLWH are willing to pay for antiretroviral drugs covered by medical insurance.In the future,PLWH with a high WTP can be guided to use these drugs.
文摘As of January 31,2024,China had concluded mutual visa exemption agreements covering different types of passports with 157 countries,reached agreements or arrangements on simplified visa procedures with 44 countries,and enjoyed comprehensive mutual visa exemptions with 23 countries including Thailand,Singapore,Maldives,and the United Arab Emirates.
文摘In recent yea rs,t raditiona l offline supermarkets are facing big challenges,and warehouse membership superma rkets(hereinafter referred to as membership supermarkets)are quickly gaining p opu l a r it y.Ma ny t r ad it iona l supermarkets have become membership supermarkets,and even many retail enterprises have entered this field.
文摘CHINA’S visa-free policy keeps expanding and the country has entered a new era of welcoming visitors from an increasing global reach.By January 1,2024,China had inked mutual visa exemption agreements with 157 countries,simplified visa procedures with 44 countries,and enjoyed comprehensive mutual visa exemptions with 23 countries,including Thailand,Singapore,the Maldives,and the United Arab Emirates.
文摘As cross-border trade and investment continue to grow and the geopolitical rivalry becomes ever more intense,crossborder payment becomes one of the topical issues for the BRICS countries to reform the global economic governance system.BRICS cross-border payment cooperation is directly due to the flaws in traditional cross-border payment system,namely,high cost,low efficiency,opaque transactions,high security risks and weaponization.
文摘This study employed the Contingent Valuation Method to assess the willingness to pay of water users, as a source of financing for the sustainable development of Barobbob Watershed. The WTP study was conducted among 345 waters users in 19 barangays in the municipalities of Solano and Bayombong. Uncensored data revealed that 63.8% (58.84% for the adjusted) of the respondents revealed willingness to pay for improved watershed management. The mean WTP amount, estimated through a logit model, Turnbull Distributor-Free Estimator and Lower Bound Estimate, is found to be PhP39.35, PhP27.80 and PhP25.90/month/household, respectively. Respondents WTP is influenced by bid amount, age, membership in environmental organization, experience with water-related problems, civil status, house ownership, and awareness on the concept of watershed. Respondents were willing to pay because they wanted a sustainable water supply for the present and future generations. A payment scheme is possible and it could provide a sustainable flow of fund, however, the willingness percentages still needed to be increased. Community education and public awareness (CEPA) campaign is necessary to enhance the water users’ knowledge and understand about the importance and values of watersheds. Ultimately, WTP percentage and WTP amounts would increase.
