Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)was reported in May 2,2008 to be the 38th legally notifiable disease in China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting and Surveillance System.In order to solve the infection,an ext...Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)was reported in May 2,2008 to be the 38th legally notifiable disease in China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting and Surveillance System.In order to solve the infection,an extensive three-level HFMD surveillance laboratory network was established.In this study,the framework of that network is assessed and the incidence of HFMD in China from 2008 to 2017 is reported using a descriptive epidemiologic method.During these 10 years,a series of techniques have been widely applied in all the network laboratories.Using information and material obtained from the network,a virus bank and database containing 18,238 viruses were established.Nationally,18,184,834 HFMD cases,including 152,436 severe cases and 3633 fatal cases,were reported in mainland of China.The average annual incidence in the population was 133.99/100,000 people,with a maximum incidence of 205.06/100,000 people in 2014.The incidence and mortality rates of HFMD were the highest in children aged 1–2 years.The numbers of reported cases fluctuated,with a high incidence observed every 2 years.An overall increase in the number of reported cases was also observed throughout the study period.Despite this,the incidence of severe cases and the mortality rate have been decreasing.High-risk regions are located in southern,eastern,and central China.Two peaks of HFMD infection cases were observed annually except for Northeast China.Different proportions of enterovirus serotypes were observed during the studied years.The predominant enterovirus varies from year to year,but the disease severity is always closely related to the specific serotype.EV-A71 is the dominant serotype associated with severe and fatal cases,with constituent ratios of 70.03%and 92.23%,respectively.The studied highly sensitive and efficient surveillance network provides information that is critical for prevention and control of the disease.It is extremely necessary and important to continuously conduct extensive virological surveillance for HFMD.展开更多
I am Na An, from the Shaanxi Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology,Xi＇an City First Hospital, Xi＇an, Shaanxi Province, China. Fungal keratitis is a severe problem in most developing countries.
目的分析骨折相关性感染(fracture related infection,FRI)患者的病原菌谱及其药物敏感性,为临床预防及治疗FRI提供参考。方法收集2018年6月至2024年6月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院收治的190例FRI患者,其中男142例,女48例;年龄15~91岁,...目的分析骨折相关性感染(fracture related infection,FRI)患者的病原菌谱及其药物敏感性,为临床预防及治疗FRI提供参考。方法收集2018年6月至2024年6月南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院收治的190例FRI患者,其中男142例,女48例;年龄15~91岁,平均(52.29±14.65)岁。对FRI患者深部组织分泌物进行病原菌培养及药敏试验,对阳性结果进行统计分析。结果190例患者中,培养结果阴性76例,阳性114例,阳性率60.00%。114例阳性患者中,单种感染107例,混合感染7例。检出病原菌19种(共124株),其中革兰氏染色阳性菌7种(共70株,占比56.45%),革兰氏染色阴性菌11种(共53株,占比42.74%),真菌感染1种(1株,占比0.81%)。药敏结果显示多重耐药菌(multiple resistance bacteria,MDR)29株(23.39%),其中2株肺炎克雷伯杆菌存在超广谱β-内酰胺酶(extended spectrum beta-lactamases,ESBLs)耐药机制。结论本研究纳入的FRI患者以单一病原菌感染为主,其中革兰氏阳性菌占比较大;病原菌耐药性、MDR占比与既往研究结果相似。根据药敏试验结果合理选择抗生素,减少抗生素的滥用对FRI的治疗至关重要。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Key Technologies Research and Development Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology(grant numbers:2018ZX10713002,2017ZX10104001,and 2018ZX10713001-003).
文摘Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)was reported in May 2,2008 to be the 38th legally notifiable disease in China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting and Surveillance System.In order to solve the infection,an extensive three-level HFMD surveillance laboratory network was established.In this study,the framework of that network is assessed and the incidence of HFMD in China from 2008 to 2017 is reported using a descriptive epidemiologic method.During these 10 years,a series of techniques have been widely applied in all the network laboratories.Using information and material obtained from the network,a virus bank and database containing 18,238 viruses were established.Nationally,18,184,834 HFMD cases,including 152,436 severe cases and 3633 fatal cases,were reported in mainland of China.The average annual incidence in the population was 133.99/100,000 people,with a maximum incidence of 205.06/100,000 people in 2014.The incidence and mortality rates of HFMD were the highest in children aged 1–2 years.The numbers of reported cases fluctuated,with a high incidence observed every 2 years.An overall increase in the number of reported cases was also observed throughout the study period.Despite this,the incidence of severe cases and the mortality rate have been decreasing.High-risk regions are located in southern,eastern,and central China.Two peaks of HFMD infection cases were observed annually except for Northeast China.Different proportions of enterovirus serotypes were observed during the studied years.The predominant enterovirus varies from year to year,but the disease severity is always closely related to the specific serotype.EV-A71 is the dominant serotype associated with severe and fatal cases,with constituent ratios of 70.03%and 92.23%,respectively.The studied highly sensitive and efficient surveillance network provides information that is critical for prevention and control of the disease.It is extremely necessary and important to continuously conduct extensive virological surveillance for HFMD.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Planning Project of Xi'an[No.SF09023(3)]
文摘I am Na An, from the Shaanxi Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology,Xi＇an City First Hospital, Xi＇an, Shaanxi Province, China. Fungal keratitis is a severe problem in most developing countries.
