We demonstrate applications of a novel setup which is used for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization at an oblique incidence point in optically denser medium by analyzing the relative fr...We demonstrate applications of a novel setup which is used for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization at an oblique incidence point in optically denser medium by analyzing the relative frequency shift of adjacent axial modes of S and P resonances of a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity (MFC). The relative phase difference at a reflection point A in an optically denser medium is inferred to be around -167.4°<span "=""> for a confocal cavity and -201.1° for a parallel cavity. Given the <i>n</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>n</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>φ</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>φ</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>λ</i></span><span "="">, and Δ, the elliptic formula tan(<i>ψ</i>)exp(<i>i</i>Δ) = <i>R<sub>p</sub></i>/<i>R<sub>s</sub></i> is used to find a solution for thickness d and refractive index </span><i>n</i><sub>2</sub><span "=""> of the thin film coated on point A, where <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> and <i>R<sub>p</sub></i> are total refractive index of <i>s</i> and<i> p</i> component of light related to two unknown values. Since it is hard to deduce an analytical solution for thickness and refractive index of the film, we firstly used exhaustion method to find the set of solution about thickness and refractive index when assumed there is no light absorption by the film and then Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find a set of solution of thickness and complex refractive index which accounts the light absorption by the film.展开更多
Purpose–Service quality is an evaluation of how well a delivered service meets customers’expectations.The purpose of this paper is to provide a reliable scale of measurement for service quality in banks.Design/metho...Purpose–Service quality is an evaluation of how well a delivered service meets customers’expectations.The purpose of this paper is to provide a reliable scale of measurement for service quality in banks.Design/methodology/approach–The SERVQUAL model was adopted based on a Banking Service Quality(BSQ)model and a two-phase multiobjective optimization model was designed.A structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scale was administered with a 93 percent response rate of 270 sample size.A total of 22 variables were considered based on the BSQ model and the significance of these variables to customers’satisfaction were investigated.Factor analysis was used to extract the most influential factors on the measure of service quality and four factors were selected namely:they deliver when promised,precision on account statements,queues that move rapidly and sufficient number of ATMs per branch.In order to determine the reliability of the multiple Likert questions in the survey,Cronbach’sαwas used indicating a scale reliability of 0.743.Moreover,multiple regression analysis was carried out on the selected factors to design an objective function for the design and evaluation of service quality model.The model design used for benchmarking was done using multiobjective genetic algorithm in MATLAB.Similarly,the model evaluation was done in a java interface using multiobjective particle swamp optimization.Findings–The evaluation results validated the designed model and showed that the factors they deliver when promised and queues that move rapidly are a more reliable scale of measurement for customer’s satisfaction than the factors precision on account statements and sufficient number of ATMs per branch.Research limitations/implications–The implication of the results is that effectiveness and assurance combined with access is a more significant factor for measuring customers’satisfaction than tangibles based on the BSQ model.Originality/value–The introduction of a two-phase optimization model for model benchmarking and evaluation as compared to ordinary factor analysis of the dimension constructs.展开更多
文摘We demonstrate applications of a novel setup which is used for measuring the relative phase difference between S and P polarization at an oblique incidence point in optically denser medium by analyzing the relative frequency shift of adjacent axial modes of S and P resonances of a monolithic folded Fabry-Perot cavity (MFC). The relative phase difference at a reflection point A in an optically denser medium is inferred to be around -167.4°<span "=""> for a confocal cavity and -201.1° for a parallel cavity. Given the <i>n</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>n</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>φ</i><sub>1</sub>, <i>φ</i><sub>3</sub>, <i>λ</i></span><span "="">, and Δ, the elliptic formula tan(<i>ψ</i>)exp(<i>i</i>Δ) = <i>R<sub>p</sub></i>/<i>R<sub>s</sub></i> is used to find a solution for thickness d and refractive index </span><i>n</i><sub>2</sub><span "=""> of the thin film coated on point A, where <i>R<sub>s</sub></i> and <i>R<sub>p</sub></i> are total refractive index of <i>s</i> and<i> p</i> component of light related to two unknown values. Since it is hard to deduce an analytical solution for thickness and refractive index of the film, we firstly used exhaustion method to find the set of solution about thickness and refractive index when assumed there is no light absorption by the film and then Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to find a set of solution of thickness and complex refractive index which accounts the light absorption by the film.
文摘Purpose–Service quality is an evaluation of how well a delivered service meets customers’expectations.The purpose of this paper is to provide a reliable scale of measurement for service quality in banks.Design/methodology/approach–The SERVQUAL model was adopted based on a Banking Service Quality(BSQ)model and a two-phase multiobjective optimization model was designed.A structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scale was administered with a 93 percent response rate of 270 sample size.A total of 22 variables were considered based on the BSQ model and the significance of these variables to customers’satisfaction were investigated.Factor analysis was used to extract the most influential factors on the measure of service quality and four factors were selected namely:they deliver when promised,precision on account statements,queues that move rapidly and sufficient number of ATMs per branch.In order to determine the reliability of the multiple Likert questions in the survey,Cronbach’sαwas used indicating a scale reliability of 0.743.Moreover,multiple regression analysis was carried out on the selected factors to design an objective function for the design and evaluation of service quality model.The model design used for benchmarking was done using multiobjective genetic algorithm in MATLAB.Similarly,the model evaluation was done in a java interface using multiobjective particle swamp optimization.Findings–The evaluation results validated the designed model and showed that the factors they deliver when promised and queues that move rapidly are a more reliable scale of measurement for customer’s satisfaction than the factors precision on account statements and sufficient number of ATMs per branch.Research limitations/implications–The implication of the results is that effectiveness and assurance combined with access is a more significant factor for measuring customers’satisfaction than tangibles based on the BSQ model.Originality/value–The introduction of a two-phase optimization model for model benchmarking and evaluation as compared to ordinary factor analysis of the dimension constructs.
