Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts ...Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts between developers and local stakeholders,increasing development costs.A qualitative multicase study was conducted in this study to analyze the land transaction trajectories of China's OIPs.Four OIPs were selected to reveal the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of institutional arrangements,governance mechanisms,and enterprise heterogeneity.The findings indicate that in host countries with insufficient institutional development,local governments are more inclined to directly engage in OIP land acquisition.High-level intergovernmental mechanisms facilitate land acquisition processes,although their efficacy depends largely on administrative power allocation across parks in host countries.The results also indicate that enterprise characteristics significantly influence land acquisition,where microscale private enterprises lacking political connections often employ low-cost,bottom-up strategies by leveraging international experience.In summary,policy-makers in developing countries should prioritize enhancing OIP governance to mitigate transaction costs,promote diversified land supply,and optimize land allocation.By depicting China's OIP land acquisition processes,this study deepens the academic understanding of OIP governance in developing countries and related international land transactions,offering practical OIP management insights for governments in both host and parent countries.展开更多
The acceleration of global urbanization has caused habitat loss,fragmentation,and decrease of habitat quality,often leading to a decline in biodiversity.However,most previous urbanization studies focused on taxonomic ...The acceleration of global urbanization has caused habitat loss,fragmentation,and decrease of habitat quality,often leading to a decline in biodiversity.However,most previous urbanization studies focused on taxonomic diversity,with relatively less research on functional and phylogenetic diversity.In this study,we examined the phylogenetic and functional diversity and underlying influencing factors of bird communities in 37 urban parks in Nanjing,China.We conducted a systematic survey of bird communities in Nanjing urban parks and selected six park characteristics that are generally considered to affect bird diversity.Model selection based on corrected Akaike Information Criterion(AICc)and model averaging showed that park area,habitat diversity and building index(a proxy for the degree of urbanization)were significant factors affecting avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in Nanjing urban parks.Specifically,habitat diversity and park area were positively correlated with bird diversity,while the building index was negatively correlated with bird diversity.Moreover,the phylogenetic and functional structures of urban bird communities exhibited a clustered pattern,indicating that environmental filtering might play a role in shaping community composition.In addition,building index had certain impact on the construction of bird phylogenetic communities in urban parks.Our results suggest that expanding park areas,increasing habitat diversity and reducing building indexes may be effective measures to increase the avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in our system.展开更多
Living in a city often means dealing with noise,pollution and a hectic schedule.Parks offer a necessary relaxation from the urban chaos,providing a peaceful environment where individuals can relax and connect with nat...Living in a city often means dealing with noise,pollution and a hectic schedule.Parks offer a necessary relaxation from the urban chaos,providing a peaceful environment where individuals can relax and connect with nature.These green spaces are essential for promoting a balanced and healthy lifestyle among city residents.展开更多
Steam power systems(SPSs)in industrial parks are the typical utility systems for heat and electricity supply.In SPSs,electricity is generated by steam turbines,and steam is generally produced and supplied at multiple ...Steam power systems(SPSs)in industrial parks are the typical utility systems for heat and electricity supply.In SPSs,electricity is generated by steam turbines,and steam is generally produced and supplied at multiple levels to serve the heat demands of consumers with different temperature grades,so that energy is utilized in cascade.While a large number of steam levels enhances energy utilization efficiency,it also tends to cause a complex steam pipeline network in the industrial park.In practice,a moderate number of steam levels is always adopted in SPSs,leading to temperature mismatches between heat supply and demand for some consumers.This study proposes a distributed steam turbine system(DSTS)consisting of main steam turbines on the energy supply side and auxiliary steam turbines on the energy consumption side,aiming to balance the heat production costs,the distance-related costs,and the electricity generation of SPSs in industrial parks.A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is established for the optimization of SPSs,with the objective of minimizing the total annual cost(TAC).The optimal number of steam levels and the optimal configuration of DSTS for an industrial park can be determined by solving the model.A case study demonstrates that the TAC of the SPS is reduced by 220.6×10^(3)USD(2.21%)through the arrangement of auxiliary steam turbines.The sub-optimal number of steam levels and a non-optimal operating condition slightly increase the TAC by 0.46%and 0.28%,respectively.The sensitivity analysis indicates that the optimal number of steam levels tends to decrease from 3 to 2 as electricity price declines.展开更多
With the simultaneous growth of cultural heritage activation and urban renewal needs,urban heritage parks are increasingly becoming important carriers for the integrated development of historical heritage protection a...With the simultaneous growth of cultural heritage activation and urban renewal needs,urban heritage parks are increasingly becoming important carriers for the integrated development of historical heritage protection and public space utilization.This article focuses on the construction of measurement dimensions of tourist experience value in urban heritage parks.Based on the theoretical frameworks of flow theory and experience value theory,combined with literature analysis and UGC text mining,it initially constructs an emotional,cultural,and functional three-dimensional index system.Through text analysis of 970 online reviews of Chongqing Kaifa Heritage Park,social value is identified as a potential new dimension.Subsequently,this article adopts exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods to verify the structural validity and reliability of the evaluation model with four dimensions and eighteen indicators,confirming that tourist experience value consists of four dimensions:emotional,cultural,functional,and social.The research not only fills the empirical research gap on social interaction value in cultural heritage tourism spaces,but also provides a quantifiable evaluation tool and evidence-based basis for the operation,management,and experience optimization of heritage parks,which has certain theoretical innovation significance and practical guidance value.展开更多
This paper examines World Geopark in South Korea as a case study.It begins by outlining the geological and tectonic background of the Korean Peninsula,whose basement consists of Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks.These...This paper examines World Geopark in South Korea as a case study.It begins by outlining the geological and tectonic background of the Korean Peninsula,whose basement consists of Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks.These rocks form three continental blocks and constitute a rich geological foundation shaped by multi-stage evolution.The distribution and characteristics of global geoparks are then analyzed.As of 2025,South Korea is home to seven UNESCO Global Geoparks(designated between 2010 and 2025),which feature diverse landforms such as volcanic,sedimentary,and structural formations,with some sites also encompassing cultural relics.Finally,the study highlights that 25 of South Korea's national parks have not yet applied for geopark status and thus hold significant potential.Due to differing evaluation criteria between UNESCO Global Geoparks and South Korea's national parks,future applications involving multiple parks could expand the scale of geoparks,providing valuable insights for geoscience research and park development across East Asia.展开更多
This article reviews the construction process of National Wetland Parks,the ecological effects of blue-green spaces,and their significance in wetland park development.It explores the functions of wetland parks in biod...This article reviews the construction process of National Wetland Parks,the ecological effects of blue-green spaces,and their significance in wetland park development.It explores the functions of wetland parks in biodiversity conservation,water purification,climate regulation,and other ecological functions.Finally,it proposes of enhancing the protection and management of wetland parks,in the hope of promoting the full realization of their ecological benefits and ensure sustainable development.展开更多
On April 12,a 200-kilogram shipment of fresh coconuts departed from Jakarta,Indonesia,bound for Changle Airport in Fuzhou,southeast China’s Fujian Province.After customs inspection,the coconuts were promptly transpor...On April 12,a 200-kilogram shipment of fresh coconuts departed from Jakarta,Indonesia,bound for Changle Airport in Fuzhou,southeast China’s Fujian Province.After customs inspection,the coconuts were promptly transported to the Yuanhong Investment Zone,the Chinese side of the China-Indonesia“Two Countries,Twin Parks”project.展开更多
With the development of smart cities and smart technologies,parks,as functional units of the city,are facing smart transformation.The development of smart parks can help address challenges of technology integration wi...With the development of smart cities and smart technologies,parks,as functional units of the city,are facing smart transformation.The development of smart parks can help address challenges of technology integration within urban spaces and serve as testbeds for exploring smart city planning and governance models.Information models facilitate the effective integration of technology into space.Building Information Modeling(BIM)and City Information Modeling(CIM)have been widely used in urban construction.However,the existing information models have limitations in the application of the park,so it is necessary to develop an information model suitable for the park.This paper first traces the evolution of park smart transformation,reviews the global landscape of smart park development,and identifies key trends and persistent challenges.Addressing the particularities of parks,the concept of Park Information Modeling(PIM)is proposed.PIM leverages smart technologies such as artificial intelligence,digital twins,and collaborative sensing to help form a‘space-technology-system’smart structure,enabling systematic management of diverse park spaces,addressing the deficiency in park-level information models,and aiming to achieve scale articulation between BIM and CIM.Finally,through a detailed top-level design application case study of the Nanjing Smart Education Park in China,this paper illustrates the translation process of the PIM concept into practice,showcasing its potential to provide smart management tools for park managers and enhance services for park stakeholders,although further empirical validation is required.展开更多
基金Philosophy and Social Science Planning Projects in Yunnan Province,No.QN202428China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2024M752918。
文摘Foreign-funded overseas industrial parks(OIPs)are crucial for attracting foreign investment and promoting globalization in developing countries.However,large-scale land acquisition for these parks generates conflicts between developers and local stakeholders,increasing development costs.A qualitative multicase study was conducted in this study to analyze the land transaction trajectories of China's OIPs.Four OIPs were selected to reveal the underlying mechanisms from the perspectives of institutional arrangements,governance mechanisms,and enterprise heterogeneity.The findings indicate that in host countries with insufficient institutional development,local governments are more inclined to directly engage in OIP land acquisition.High-level intergovernmental mechanisms facilitate land acquisition processes,although their efficacy depends largely on administrative power allocation across parks in host countries.The results also indicate that enterprise characteristics significantly influence land acquisition,where microscale private enterprises lacking political connections often employ low-cost,bottom-up strategies by leveraging international experience.In summary,policy-makers in developing countries should prioritize enhancing OIP governance to mitigate transaction costs,promote diversified land supply,and optimize land allocation.By depicting China's OIP land acquisition processes,this study deepens the academic understanding of OIP governance in developing countries and related international land transactions,offering practical OIP management insights for governments in both host and parent countries.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32271734)。
文摘The acceleration of global urbanization has caused habitat loss,fragmentation,and decrease of habitat quality,often leading to a decline in biodiversity.However,most previous urbanization studies focused on taxonomic diversity,with relatively less research on functional and phylogenetic diversity.In this study,we examined the phylogenetic and functional diversity and underlying influencing factors of bird communities in 37 urban parks in Nanjing,China.We conducted a systematic survey of bird communities in Nanjing urban parks and selected six park characteristics that are generally considered to affect bird diversity.Model selection based on corrected Akaike Information Criterion(AICc)and model averaging showed that park area,habitat diversity and building index(a proxy for the degree of urbanization)were significant factors affecting avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in Nanjing urban parks.Specifically,habitat diversity and park area were positively correlated with bird diversity,while the building index was negatively correlated with bird diversity.Moreover,the phylogenetic and functional structures of urban bird communities exhibited a clustered pattern,indicating that environmental filtering might play a role in shaping community composition.In addition,building index had certain impact on the construction of bird phylogenetic communities in urban parks.Our results suggest that expanding park areas,increasing habitat diversity and reducing building indexes may be effective measures to increase the avian phylogenetic and functional diversity in our system.
文摘Living in a city often means dealing with noise,pollution and a hectic schedule.Parks offer a necessary relaxation from the urban chaos,providing a peaceful environment where individuals can relax and connect with nature.These green spaces are essential for promoting a balanced and healthy lifestyle among city residents.
基金Financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant(22393954 and 22078358)is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Steam power systems(SPSs)in industrial parks are the typical utility systems for heat and electricity supply.In SPSs,electricity is generated by steam turbines,and steam is generally produced and supplied at multiple levels to serve the heat demands of consumers with different temperature grades,so that energy is utilized in cascade.While a large number of steam levels enhances energy utilization efficiency,it also tends to cause a complex steam pipeline network in the industrial park.In practice,a moderate number of steam levels is always adopted in SPSs,leading to temperature mismatches between heat supply and demand for some consumers.This study proposes a distributed steam turbine system(DSTS)consisting of main steam turbines on the energy supply side and auxiliary steam turbines on the energy consumption side,aiming to balance the heat production costs,the distance-related costs,and the electricity generation of SPSs in industrial parks.A mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is established for the optimization of SPSs,with the objective of minimizing the total annual cost(TAC).The optimal number of steam levels and the optimal configuration of DSTS for an industrial park can be determined by solving the model.A case study demonstrates that the TAC of the SPS is reduced by 220.6×10^(3)USD(2.21%)through the arrangement of auxiliary steam turbines.The sub-optimal number of steam levels and a non-optimal operating condition slightly increase the TAC by 0.46%and 0.28%,respectively.The sensitivity analysis indicates that the optimal number of steam levels tends to decrease from 3 to 2 as electricity price declines.
基金Research on Evaluation and Improvement Strategies of Tourist Experience Value in Chongqing Kaifa Site Park from the Perspective of Cultural Confidence(Project No.:YKJCX2420807)。
文摘With the simultaneous growth of cultural heritage activation and urban renewal needs,urban heritage parks are increasingly becoming important carriers for the integrated development of historical heritage protection and public space utilization.This article focuses on the construction of measurement dimensions of tourist experience value in urban heritage parks.Based on the theoretical frameworks of flow theory and experience value theory,combined with literature analysis and UGC text mining,it initially constructs an emotional,cultural,and functional three-dimensional index system.Through text analysis of 970 online reviews of Chongqing Kaifa Heritage Park,social value is identified as a potential new dimension.Subsequently,this article adopts exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods to verify the structural validity and reliability of the evaluation model with four dimensions and eighteen indicators,confirming that tourist experience value consists of four dimensions:emotional,cultural,functional,and social.The research not only fills the empirical research gap on social interaction value in cultural heritage tourism spaces,but also provides a quantifiable evaluation tool and evidence-based basis for the operation,management,and experience optimization of heritage parks,which has certain theoretical innovation significance and practical guidance value.
文摘This paper examines World Geopark in South Korea as a case study.It begins by outlining the geological and tectonic background of the Korean Peninsula,whose basement consists of Archean to Paleoproterozoic rocks.These rocks form three continental blocks and constitute a rich geological foundation shaped by multi-stage evolution.The distribution and characteristics of global geoparks are then analyzed.As of 2025,South Korea is home to seven UNESCO Global Geoparks(designated between 2010 and 2025),which feature diverse landforms such as volcanic,sedimentary,and structural formations,with some sites also encompassing cultural relics.Finally,the study highlights that 25 of South Korea's national parks have not yet applied for geopark status and thus hold significant potential.Due to differing evaluation criteria between UNESCO Global Geoparks and South Korea's national parks,future applications involving multiple parks could expand the scale of geoparks,providing valuable insights for geoscience research and park development across East Asia.
基金Supported by Henan Province Key Technology Research Program(23210-2320262)Key Scientific Research Projects Program of Henan Higher Education Institutions(22B180011)+1 种基金Pingdingshan University 2023 Curriculum Ideological and Political Education Demonstration Course-Ecological EngineeringPingdingshan University Education and Teaching Reform Research Project(2021-JY55).
文摘This article reviews the construction process of National Wetland Parks,the ecological effects of blue-green spaces,and their significance in wetland park development.It explores the functions of wetland parks in biodiversity conservation,water purification,climate regulation,and other ecological functions.Finally,it proposes of enhancing the protection and management of wetland parks,in the hope of promoting the full realization of their ecological benefits and ensure sustainable development.
文摘On April 12,a 200-kilogram shipment of fresh coconuts departed from Jakarta,Indonesia,bound for Changle Airport in Fuzhou,southeast China’s Fujian Province.After customs inspection,the coconuts were promptly transported to the Yuanhong Investment Zone,the Chinese side of the China-Indonesia“Two Countries,Twin Parks”project.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42330510)。
文摘With the development of smart cities and smart technologies,parks,as functional units of the city,are facing smart transformation.The development of smart parks can help address challenges of technology integration within urban spaces and serve as testbeds for exploring smart city planning and governance models.Information models facilitate the effective integration of technology into space.Building Information Modeling(BIM)and City Information Modeling(CIM)have been widely used in urban construction.However,the existing information models have limitations in the application of the park,so it is necessary to develop an information model suitable for the park.This paper first traces the evolution of park smart transformation,reviews the global landscape of smart park development,and identifies key trends and persistent challenges.Addressing the particularities of parks,the concept of Park Information Modeling(PIM)is proposed.PIM leverages smart technologies such as artificial intelligence,digital twins,and collaborative sensing to help form a‘space-technology-system’smart structure,enabling systematic management of diverse park spaces,addressing the deficiency in park-level information models,and aiming to achieve scale articulation between BIM and CIM.Finally,through a detailed top-level design application case study of the Nanjing Smart Education Park in China,this paper illustrates the translation process of the PIM concept into practice,showcasing its potential to provide smart management tools for park managers and enhance services for park stakeholders,although further empirical validation is required.
