Paraffin deposition is a severe global problem during crude oil production and transportation.To inhibit the formation of paraffin deposits,the commonly used methods are mechanical cleaning,coating the pipe to provide...Paraffin deposition is a severe global problem during crude oil production and transportation.To inhibit the formation of paraffin deposits,the commonly used methods are mechanical cleaning,coating the pipe to provide a smooth surface and reduce paraffin adhesion,electric heating,ultrasonic and microbial treatments,the use of paraffin inhibitors,etc.Pipeline coatings not only have the advantages of simple preparation and broad applications,but also maintain a long-term efficient and stable effect.In recent years,important progress has been made in research on pipe coatings for mitigating and preventing paraffin deposition.Several novel superhydrophilic organogel coatings with low surface energy were successfully prepared by bionic design.This paper reviews different types of coatings for inhibiting wax deposition in the petroleum industry.The research prospects and directions of this rapidly developing field are also briefly discussed.展开更多
Aiming at the paraffin-deposition problem of a beam well, the automatic paraffin-controlling device is designed by making use of ratchet-pallet mechanism, cam mechanism and modern designing method. The device has four...Aiming at the paraffin-deposition problem of a beam well, the automatic paraffin-controlling device is designed by making use of ratchet-pallet mechanism, cam mechanism and modern designing method. The device has four main functions： paraffin-controlling, paraffin removal, centralizing the pumping rod, and improving the safety of well tubing. This device integrates the advantages of the paraffin control, such as strong magnetic paraffin controlling and mechanical paraffin-cutting. Theoretical analysis shows that this device has fine working reliability. It turns out to be a new device which can solve the paraffin-deposition problem of a beam well economically and efficiently.展开更多
Polyurethane coated urea slow/controlled release fertilizer was prepared based on urea granules, isocyanate, polyols and paraffin. Isocyanate reacted with polyols to synthesize the polyurethane skin layer on urea gran...Polyurethane coated urea slow/controlled release fertilizer was prepared based on urea granules, isocyanate, polyols and paraffin. Isocyanate reacted with polyols to synthesize the polyurethane skin layer on urea granules surface. Paraffin serves as a lubricant during syntheses of polyurethane skin layers. The structure and nutrient release characteristics of the polyurethane skin layers were investigated by FTIR, SEM and TG. Urea nitrogen slow-release behavior of the polyurethane coated urea was tested. The experimental results indicated that compact and dense polyurethane skin layers with a thickness of 10-15 lam were formed on urea surface, the urea nitrogen slow-release time can reach 40-50 days. Paraffin proves to play a key role in inhibiting water to penetrate into urea, but excessive addition would decrease the polyurethane crosslinking density.展开更多
文摘Paraffin deposition is a severe global problem during crude oil production and transportation.To inhibit the formation of paraffin deposits,the commonly used methods are mechanical cleaning,coating the pipe to provide a smooth surface and reduce paraffin adhesion,electric heating,ultrasonic and microbial treatments,the use of paraffin inhibitors,etc.Pipeline coatings not only have the advantages of simple preparation and broad applications,but also maintain a long-term efficient and stable effect.In recent years,important progress has been made in research on pipe coatings for mitigating and preventing paraffin deposition.Several novel superhydrophilic organogel coatings with low surface energy were successfully prepared by bionic design.This paper reviews different types of coatings for inhibiting wax deposition in the petroleum industry.The research prospects and directions of this rapidly developing field are also briefly discussed.
文摘Aiming at the paraffin-deposition problem of a beam well, the automatic paraffin-controlling device is designed by making use of ratchet-pallet mechanism, cam mechanism and modern designing method. The device has four main functions： paraffin-controlling, paraffin removal, centralizing the pumping rod, and improving the safety of well tubing. This device integrates the advantages of the paraffin control, such as strong magnetic paraffin controlling and mechanical paraffin-cutting. Theoretical analysis shows that this device has fine working reliability. It turns out to be a new device which can solve the paraffin-deposition problem of a beam well economically and efficiently.
基金the National Key Technology R&D Program of the 11th Five-Year Period (No.2006BAD10B08)
文摘Polyurethane coated urea slow/controlled release fertilizer was prepared based on urea granules, isocyanate, polyols and paraffin. Isocyanate reacted with polyols to synthesize the polyurethane skin layer on urea granules surface. Paraffin serves as a lubricant during syntheses of polyurethane skin layers. The structure and nutrient release characteristics of the polyurethane skin layers were investigated by FTIR, SEM and TG. Urea nitrogen slow-release behavior of the polyurethane coated urea was tested. The experimental results indicated that compact and dense polyurethane skin layers with a thickness of 10-15 lam were formed on urea surface, the urea nitrogen slow-release time can reach 40-50 days. Paraffin proves to play a key role in inhibiting water to penetrate into urea, but excessive addition would decrease the polyurethane crosslinking density.
