Background: Depression and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are associated with persistent stress and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. The former can be measured by pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) of the sternu...Background: Depression and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are associated with persistent stress and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. The former can be measured by pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) of the sternum, and the latter by the PPS and systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to a tilt table test (TTT). Beta-blocker treatment reduces the efferent beta-adrenergic ANS function, and thus, the physiological stress response. Objective: To test the effect of beta-blockers on changes in depression score in patients with IHD, as well as the influence on persistent stress and ANS dysfunction. Methods: Three months of non-pharmacological intervention aiming at reducing PPS and depression score in patients with stable IHD. Beta-blocker users (N = 102) were compared with non-users (N = 75), with respect to signs of depression measured by the Major Depressive Inventory questionnaire (MDI), resting PPS, and PPS and SBP response to TTT. Results: MDI score decreased 30% in non-users (p = 0.005) compared to 4% (p > 0.1) among users (between-group p = 0.003;effect size = 0.4). Resting PPS decreased in both the groups. Among most vulnerable patients with MDI ≥ 15, reductions in MDI score and resting PPS score correlated in non-users, only (r = 0.69, p = 0.007). Reduction in resting PPS correlated with an increase in PPS and SBP response to TTT. Conclusions: Stress intervention in patients with IHD was anti-depressive in non-users, only. Similarly, the association between the reduction in depression, reduction in persistent stress, and restoration of ANS dysfunction was only seen in non-users, suggesting a central role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the association between these factors.展开更多
Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has becom...Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has become prevalent.Specifically,active sleep deprivation(ASD),resulting from extended use of smartphones and other recreational activities,has risen as a global health issue.Clinical research has underscored a strong correlation between chronic pain and inadequate sleep[2].The relationship between pain and sleep is reciprocal:pain disturbs sleep,while poor sleep quality,in turn,reduces pain tolerance and exacerbates spontaneous pain sensations[3].While these interplays are well-documented in cases of passive sleep deprivation(PSD)associated with external pressures or illnesses,understanding how and which regions of the brain collaborate to recalibrate the intricate neural circuitry governing pain perception during ASD remains a crucial yet unresolved frontier.展开更多
Exercise produces a decrease in pain sensitivity via an effect called exercise-induced hypoalgesia(EIH).Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),acting on similar analgesic mechanisms as EIH,represents a potentia...Exercise produces a decrease in pain sensitivity via an effect called exercise-induced hypoalgesia(EIH).Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),acting on similar analgesic mechanisms as EIH,represents a potential complementary intervention that may amplify the effects of exercise on pain.This study aimed to explore if anodal tDCS could enhance the effect of exercise on pain compared to exercise alone.A total of 35 healthy participants aged 19–37 years completed a familiarisation session followed by two separate sessions where active and sham tDCS was applied in a randomised cross-over design.The familiarisation session involved familiarisation to the pain assessment and exercise tasks,while the subsequent tDCS sessions involved pain sensitivity assessment,exercise and either anodal tDCS or sham tDCS.tDCS doses were applied at 2 mA over the primary motor cortex for 10 min,with the reference electrode placed over the contralateral supraorbital area.The exercise task involved a sustained isometric grip strength contraction at 35%of maximal voluntary contraction(MVC)until volitional exhaustion.Pain sensitivity was evaluated as pressure pain threshold before tDCS,after tDCS,and after exercise.Across both tDCS conditions,pain threshold was higher after exercise when compared to pre-and post-tDCS measurement.This increase in pain threshold did not differ between active and sham tDCS conditions.Our findings suggest that the hypoalgesic effects of active anodal tDCS over the motor cortex prior to exercise are no greater than the effects of sham tDCS prior to exercise.展开更多
Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effec...Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effects,and focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation showed an anti-neuroinflammatory effect in spinal cord injury rat models.Here,we speculated that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation might induce an anti-inflammatory effect to alleviate neuropathic pain by upregulating calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta(CaMKKβ)/adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/suppressor of cytokine signaling-3(SOCS3)signaling in microglia.Experiments have found that non-invasive focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation effectively alleviates mechanical allodynia and spinal neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain induced by chronic sciatic nerve ligation.Further research found that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation upregulated the expression of SOCS3 in spinal microglia,which subsequently inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation in rats with neuropathic pain,thereby suppressing neuroinflammation.The upregulation of SOCS3 by repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation may be achieved through the activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway in microglia.The results suggested that focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation inhibits spinal neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain by activating the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SOCS3 signaling pathway in spinal microglia.This mechanism provides an effective noninvasive treatment for neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury.展开更多
Objective:To study the clinical effect of Carisolv minimally invasive gel in the treatment of pediatric dental caries and its effect on pain.Methods:The research subjects of this paper were 113 cases of pediatric cari...Objective:To study the clinical effect of Carisolv minimally invasive gel in the treatment of pediatric dental caries and its effect on pain.Methods:The research subjects of this paper were 113 cases of pediatric caries admitted to the hospital from April 2021 to April 2023,which were divided into two groups by the randomized table method.The control group(n=56)received the traditional dental drilling treatment method,and the observation group(n=57)applied Carisolv minimally invasive gel for treatment.The pain sensitivity and clinical efficacy as well as the emotions and adherence of the children were compared between the two groups.Results:The emotional score(ES)of children in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the Frankl Adherence Scale score was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05;the pain sensitivity of children in the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the total clinical efficacy rate of children in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Carisolv minimally invasive gel has considerable efficacy in the treatment of pediatric caries,and it can alleviate pain and improve children’s emotional state and adherence to the program.Thus,it is suitable for wide clinical applications.展开更多
文摘Background: Depression and ischemic heart disease (IHD) are associated with persistent stress and autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. The former can be measured by pressure pain sensitivity (PPS) of the sternum, and the latter by the PPS and systolic blood pressure (SBP) response to a tilt table test (TTT). Beta-blocker treatment reduces the efferent beta-adrenergic ANS function, and thus, the physiological stress response. Objective: To test the effect of beta-blockers on changes in depression score in patients with IHD, as well as the influence on persistent stress and ANS dysfunction. Methods: Three months of non-pharmacological intervention aiming at reducing PPS and depression score in patients with stable IHD. Beta-blocker users (N = 102) were compared with non-users (N = 75), with respect to signs of depression measured by the Major Depressive Inventory questionnaire (MDI), resting PPS, and PPS and SBP response to TTT. Results: MDI score decreased 30% in non-users (p = 0.005) compared to 4% (p > 0.1) among users (between-group p = 0.003;effect size = 0.4). Resting PPS decreased in both the groups. Among most vulnerable patients with MDI ≥ 15, reductions in MDI score and resting PPS score correlated in non-users, only (r = 0.69, p = 0.007). Reduction in resting PPS correlated with an increase in PPS and SBP response to TTT. Conclusions: Stress intervention in patients with IHD was anti-depressive in non-users, only. Similarly, the association between the reduction in depression, reduction in persistent stress, and restoration of ANS dysfunction was only seen in non-users, suggesting a central role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the association between these factors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20418).
文摘Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has become prevalent.Specifically,active sleep deprivation(ASD),resulting from extended use of smartphones and other recreational activities,has risen as a global health issue.Clinical research has underscored a strong correlation between chronic pain and inadequate sleep[2].The relationship between pain and sleep is reciprocal:pain disturbs sleep,while poor sleep quality,in turn,reduces pain tolerance and exacerbates spontaneous pain sensations[3].While these interplays are well-documented in cases of passive sleep deprivation(PSD)associated with external pressures or illnesses,understanding how and which regions of the brain collaborate to recalibrate the intricate neural circuitry governing pain perception during ASD remains a crucial yet unresolved frontier.
文摘Exercise produces a decrease in pain sensitivity via an effect called exercise-induced hypoalgesia(EIH).Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS),acting on similar analgesic mechanisms as EIH,represents a potential complementary intervention that may amplify the effects of exercise on pain.This study aimed to explore if anodal tDCS could enhance the effect of exercise on pain compared to exercise alone.A total of 35 healthy participants aged 19–37 years completed a familiarisation session followed by two separate sessions where active and sham tDCS was applied in a randomised cross-over design.The familiarisation session involved familiarisation to the pain assessment and exercise tasks,while the subsequent tDCS sessions involved pain sensitivity assessment,exercise and either anodal tDCS or sham tDCS.tDCS doses were applied at 2 mA over the primary motor cortex for 10 min,with the reference electrode placed over the contralateral supraorbital area.The exercise task involved a sustained isometric grip strength contraction at 35%of maximal voluntary contraction(MVC)until volitional exhaustion.Pain sensitivity was evaluated as pressure pain threshold before tDCS,after tDCS,and after exercise.Across both tDCS conditions,pain threshold was higher after exercise when compared to pre-and post-tDCS measurement.This increase in pain threshold did not differ between active and sham tDCS conditions.Our findings suggest that the hypoalgesic effects of active anodal tDCS over the motor cortex prior to exercise are no greater than the effects of sham tDCS prior to exercise.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82302877(to QW),82172541(to TW)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,No.2023JJ30549(to QW)Clinical Medical Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department,No.2021SK51815(to QW).
文摘Current treatments for neuropathic pain are suboptimal,necessitating the search for more effective therapeutics.Our previous study showed that inhibition of neuroinflammation in the spinal cord induced analgesic effects,and focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation showed an anti-neuroinflammatory effect in spinal cord injury rat models.Here,we speculated that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation might induce an anti-inflammatory effect to alleviate neuropathic pain by upregulating calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase beta(CaMKKβ)/adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)/suppressor of cytokine signaling-3(SOCS3)signaling in microglia.Experiments have found that non-invasive focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation effectively alleviates mechanical allodynia and spinal neuroinflammation in rats with neuropathic pain induced by chronic sciatic nerve ligation.Further research found that repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation upregulated the expression of SOCS3 in spinal microglia,which subsequently inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and nuclear factor-kappa B p65 nuclear translocation in rats with neuropathic pain,thereby suppressing neuroinflammation.The upregulation of SOCS3 by repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation may be achieved through the activation of the CaMKKβ/AMPK signaling pathway in microglia.The results suggested that focal repetitive trans-spinal magnetic stimulation inhibits spinal neuroinflammation and alleviates neuropathic pain by activating the CaMKKβ/AMPK/SOCS3 signaling pathway in spinal microglia.This mechanism provides an effective noninvasive treatment for neuropathic pain caused by peripheral nerve injury.
文摘Objective:To study the clinical effect of Carisolv minimally invasive gel in the treatment of pediatric dental caries and its effect on pain.Methods:The research subjects of this paper were 113 cases of pediatric caries admitted to the hospital from April 2021 to April 2023,which were divided into two groups by the randomized table method.The control group(n=56)received the traditional dental drilling treatment method,and the observation group(n=57)applied Carisolv minimally invasive gel for treatment.The pain sensitivity and clinical efficacy as well as the emotions and adherence of the children were compared between the two groups.Results:The emotional score(ES)of children in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,and the Frankl Adherence Scale score was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05;the pain sensitivity of children in the observation group was better than that of the control group,and the total clinical efficacy rate of children in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,P<0.05.Conclusion:Carisolv minimally invasive gel has considerable efficacy in the treatment of pediatric caries,and it can alleviate pain and improve children’s emotional state and adherence to the program.Thus,it is suitable for wide clinical applications.
