The role of the most common land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)in the Galápagos Islands as an effective seed disperser is explored in this study.A total of 5705 seeds of 32 plant species were identified from 160...The role of the most common land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)in the Galápagos Islands as an effective seed disperser is explored in this study.A total of 5705 seeds of 32 plant species were identified from 160 scats,4545 of which(80%)appeared visually undamaged.Germination trials of 849 seeds from 29 species revealed that at least 10 species remained viable after passing through the iguana’s gut,although only a small proportion of those seeds(4%)germinated.In any case,we argue that C.subcristatus exerts an important role on the 7 Galapagos islands where it occurs because of its abundance and capacity to ingest and disperse seeds at long distances.Our results strongly suggest that the Galápagos C.subcristatus plays an important role as a seed disperser of not only of native species but also some introduced plants in the Galápagos Islands.展开更多
Kurt Vonnegut constructed a post-apocalyptic fantasy in Galápagos:after the extinction effects of technology abuse,war and ecological unbalance in the Capitalocene,the old human race cannot reproduce due to the p...Kurt Vonnegut constructed a post-apocalyptic fantasy in Galápagos:after the extinction effects of technology abuse,war and ecological unbalance in the Capitalocene,the old human race cannot reproduce due to the plague,while the new human race comes to an island by“Noah's Ark”and evolves into seal-like animals,returning to nature and living in harmony with other species;it contains a profound criticism of the Anthropocene and a post-human ecological imagination of life forms.Based on the framework of subversion-reconstruction-prospect of life community,this paper explores the construction path of post-human life community.Finally,it is pointed out that the essence of this construction is the nomadic strategy of escape and the fantasy of absolute de-territorialization,but it reveals the vision and value of reconstructing the life community.展开更多
The Samoa Islands were struck by the September 2009 earthquake of Mw 8.1. We study the effect on the land level by means of GPS monitoring and on ocean level by tide-gauge records. This allows us to present a new pict...The Samoa Islands were struck by the September 2009 earthquake of Mw 8.1. We study the effect on the land level by means of GPS monitoring and on ocean level by tide-gauge records. This allows us to present a new picture of the interaction of crustal movements, gravitational adjustment and sea level changes. The land level exhibits a co-seismic uplift followed by a post-seismic crustal subsidence. The ocean level records a fall, significantly larger than the uplift and delayed by several months, followed by a significant rise, by far exceeding the crustal subsidence and delayed by several months. This indicates a significant contribution from changes in gravity (geoidal eustasy), besides relative sea level changes due to crustal movements. High amplitude, and high frequency changes in tidal range provide evidence of changes in gravity and geoidal eustasy.展开更多
Since the discovery of hydrothermal vents and chemosynthetic ecosystems at the Galápagos Rift by the deep-submergence vehicle(DSV)Alvin in 1979[1],deep-sea hydrothermal systems have been regarded as crucial porta...Since the discovery of hydrothermal vents and chemosynthetic ecosystems at the Galápagos Rift by the deep-submergence vehicle(DSV)Alvin in 1979[1],deep-sea hydrothermal systems have been regarded as crucial portals into material and energy exchanges between the Earth’s spheres and potential crucibles for unraveling the origins of life.To date,over 600 hydrothermal systems,including both active and inactive sites,have been identified globally[2].展开更多
基金This study is framed within two projects partially financed by Fundación BBVA(Spain)and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad(CGL2013-44386-P)We are also grateful to the Charles Darwin Station and Galápagos National Park(research permits nos.PC-026-09 and PC-04-11)for logistic support in this archipelago.R.H.was funded by the FCT grant IF/00441/2013(Portugal)and the Marie Curie Action CIG-321794(European Union).
文摘The role of the most common land iguana(Conolophus subcristatus)in the Galápagos Islands as an effective seed disperser is explored in this study.A total of 5705 seeds of 32 plant species were identified from 160 scats,4545 of which(80%)appeared visually undamaged.Germination trials of 849 seeds from 29 species revealed that at least 10 species remained viable after passing through the iguana’s gut,although only a small proportion of those seeds(4%)germinated.In any case,we argue that C.subcristatus exerts an important role on the 7 Galapagos islands where it occurs because of its abundance and capacity to ingest and disperse seeds at long distances.Our results strongly suggest that the Galápagos C.subcristatus plays an important role as a seed disperser of not only of native species but also some introduced plants in the Galápagos Islands.
文摘Kurt Vonnegut constructed a post-apocalyptic fantasy in Galápagos:after the extinction effects of technology abuse,war and ecological unbalance in the Capitalocene,the old human race cannot reproduce due to the plague,while the new human race comes to an island by“Noah's Ark”and evolves into seal-like animals,returning to nature and living in harmony with other species;it contains a profound criticism of the Anthropocene and a post-human ecological imagination of life forms.Based on the framework of subversion-reconstruction-prospect of life community,this paper explores the construction path of post-human life community.Finally,it is pointed out that the essence of this construction is the nomadic strategy of escape and the fantasy of absolute de-territorialization,but it reveals the vision and value of reconstructing the life community.
文摘The Samoa Islands were struck by the September 2009 earthquake of Mw 8.1. We study the effect on the land level by means of GPS monitoring and on ocean level by tide-gauge records. This allows us to present a new picture of the interaction of crustal movements, gravitational adjustment and sea level changes. The land level exhibits a co-seismic uplift followed by a post-seismic crustal subsidence. The ocean level records a fall, significantly larger than the uplift and delayed by several months, followed by a significant rise, by far exceeding the crustal subsidence and delayed by several months. This indicates a significant contribution from changes in gravity (geoidal eustasy), besides relative sea level changes due to crustal movements. High amplitude, and high frequency changes in tidal range provide evidence of changes in gravity and geoidal eustasy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42327805,92258303,and 92358301)National Natural Sceince Foundation of China Shiptime Sharing Project(42249583).
文摘Since the discovery of hydrothermal vents and chemosynthetic ecosystems at the Galápagos Rift by the deep-submergence vehicle(DSV)Alvin in 1979[1],deep-sea hydrothermal systems have been regarded as crucial portals into material and energy exchanges between the Earth’s spheres and potential crucibles for unraveling the origins of life.To date,over 600 hydrothermal systems,including both active and inactive sites,have been identified globally[2].
