Nano-sized cerium-titanium pyrophosphates Ce1-xTixP2O7 （with x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.0） were obtained by grinding a mixture of Ce（SO4）2·4H2O, Ti（SO4）2, and Na4P2O7·10H2O in the presence of sur...Nano-sized cerium-titanium pyrophosphates Ce1-xTixP2O7 （with x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.0） were obtained by grinding a mixture of Ce（SO4）2·4H2O, Ti（SO4）2, and Na4P2O7·10H2O in the presence of surfactant PEG-400 at room temperature, washing the mixture with water to remove soluble inorganic salts, and drying at 100℃. The products and their calcined samples were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy （UV-vis）, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses （TG/DTA）, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that nano-sized Ce1-xTixP2O7 behave as an excellent UV-shielding material. Thereinto, the CeP2O7 has the most excellent UV-shielding effect, and the amorphous state of Ce0.8Ti0.2P2O7 can keep at a higher temperature than CeP2O7. Therefore, the stabilization of the amorphous state of the cerium pyrophosphates was carded out by doping titanium. This stabilization is a significant improvement, which enables to apply these amorphous pyrophosphates not only to cosmetics and paints, but also plastics and films.展开更多
Efficient and stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts are indispensable for industrial applications of water splitting and hydrogen production.Herein,a simple and practical method was applied to fabricate(Mo,Fe)P2O7@...Efficient and stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts are indispensable for industrial applications of water splitting and hydrogen production.Herein,a simple and practical method was applied to fabricate(Mo,Fe)P2O7@NF electrocatalyst by directly growing Mo/Fe bimetallic pyrophosphate derived from Prussian blue analogues on three-dimensional porous current collector.In alkaline media,the developed material possesses good hydrophilic features and exhibits best-in-class oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performances.Surprisingly,the(Mo,Fe)P_(2)O_(7)@NF only requires overpotentials of 250 and 290 mV to deliver 100 and 600 mA cm^(-2)in 1 mol L^(-1)KOH,respectively.Furthermore,the(Mo,Fe)P_(2)O_(7)@NF shows outstanding performances in alkaline salty water and 1 mol L^(-1)high purity KOH.A worthwhile pathway is provided to combine bimetallic pyrophosphate with commercial Ni foam to form robust electrocatalysts for stable electrocatalytic OER,which has a positive impact on both hydrogen energy application and environmental restoration.展开更多
Water-soluble organic matter(WSOM)significantly influences the transport of metals and organic contaminants in soils,yet the interaction specifics with antimony(Sb)remain largely unexplored.Antimony is of particular e...Water-soluble organic matter(WSOM)significantly influences the transport of metals and organic contaminants in soils,yet the interaction specifics with antimony(Sb)remain largely unexplored.Antimony is of particular environmental concern due to its toxic properties and harmful effects on ecosystems and human health.Employing a three-step fractionation method with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),this study aimed to isolate and analyze humic acids(HA),PVP-non adsorbed fulvic acids(FAA),and PVP-adsorbed fulvic acids(FAB)from WSOM in soil spiked with Sb and incubated for 18 months.These fractions underwent chemical analysis for carbon(C),nitrogen(N),total organic carbon(TOC),and Sb,complemented by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic characterization.The study revealed that HA wasmore aliphatic,with Sb predominantly associating with the fulvic acid(FA)fraction,accounting for 97%of Sb in extracts.Specifically,the FAA subfraction held substantial portions of total carbon(TC),total nitrogen(TN),total organic carbon(TOC),and Sb.Correlations between Sb concentrations and TN,TC,and TOC were significant.Extraction methods showed NaOH and Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7) outperformed HCl and deionised water in extracting TC,TN,and TOC,with higher Sb concentrations found in Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7) and NaOH extracts.This underscores the role of Fe/Al-SOM complexes in Sb soil availability.The results revealed that FAA subfraction accounted for 76%,64%and 94%of TN,TOC and Sb,respectively.Therefore,this research highlights the FAA fraction’s central role,predominantly comprising non-humic substances like amines,in the availability of C,N,and Sb in Sb-impacted soils.The findings offer insights for environmental management and remediation strategies.展开更多
The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementati...The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.展开更多
This study analyzed and predicted following aspects of isopentenyl py- rophosphate isomerases （IPIs） of five north medicinal plants using bioinformatics methods and tools： physical and chemical properties, hydropho...This study analyzed and predicted following aspects of isopentenyl py- rophosphate isomerases （IPIs） of five north medicinal plants using bioinformatics methods and tools： physical and chemical properties, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, trans-membrane domain, secondary structure, subcellular localization and so on. The results showed that： there was no notable difference among the physical and chem- ical properties of IPIs of the five north medicinal plants; the IPIs were mainly hy- drophilic; the IPIs were mainly located in chloroplasts by subcellular localization; serine phosphorylation sites were the most; the secondary structures mainly consist- ed of c^-helixes and random coils; no signal peptide existed, indicating that the pro- tein IPI was non-secreted protein; no trans-membrane domain existed; and one functional domain was shown, Le., Nudix Hydrolase Superfamily. This study is of great significance to research on IPI gene functions, deep research on north medic- inal plants, improvement of efficacy of north medicinal plants and rational develop- ment and utilization of medicinal plant resources.展开更多
Bismuth-promoted （1% and 3%） vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared by refluxing Bi（NO3）4.5H2O and VOPO4.2H2O in isobutanol. The incorporation of Bi into the catalysts lattice increased the surface area and...Bismuth-promoted （1% and 3%） vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared by refluxing Bi（NO3）4.5H2O and VOPO4.2H2O in isobutanol. The incorporation of Bi into the catalysts lattice increased the surface area and lowered the overall V oxidation state. Profiles of temperature programmed reduction （TPR） in H2 show a significant shift of the maxima of major reduction peaks to lower temperatures for the Bi-promoted catalysts. A new peak was also observed at the low temperature region for the catalyst with 3% of Bi dopant. The addition of Bi also increased the total amount of oxygen removed from the catalysts. The reduction pattern and reactivity information provide fundamental insight into the catalytic properties of the catalysts. Bi-promoted catalysts were found to be highly active （71% and 81% conversion for 1% and 3% Bi promoted catalysts, respectively, at 703 K）, as compared to the unpromoted material （47% conversion）. The higher activity of the Bi-promoted catalysts is due to that these catalysts possess highly active and labile lattice oxygen. The better catalytic performance can also be attributed to the larger surface area.展开更多
A novel synthesis of LiFePO4/C from Fe2O3 with no extra carbon or carbon-containing reductant was introduced： Fe2O3 （＋NH4H2PO4）→Fe2P2O7（＋Li2CO3＋glucose）→LiFePO4/C. X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, Fourier trans...A novel synthesis of LiFePO4/C from Fe2O3 with no extra carbon or carbon-containing reductant was introduced： Fe2O3 （＋NH4H2PO4）→Fe2P2O7（＋Li2CO3＋glucose）→LiFePO4/C. X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were utilized to characterize relevant products obtained in the synthetic procedure. The reaction of Fe2P2O7 and Li2CO3 was investigated by thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis （TGA-DTA）. Fe2O3 is completely reduced to Fe2P2O7 by NH4H2PO4 at 700 ℃ and Fe2P2O7 fully reacts with Li2CO3 to form LiFePO4 in the temperature range of 663.4-890 ℃. The primary particles of LiFePO4/C samples prepared at 670, 700 and 750 ℃ respectively exhibit uniform morphology and narrow size distribution, 0.5-3 μm for those obtained at 670 and 700 ℃ and 0.5-5 μm for those obtained at 750 ℃. LiFePO4/C （carbon content of 5.49%, mass fraction） made at 670 ℃ shows an appreciable average capacity of 153.2 mA·h/g at 0.1C in the first 50 cycles.展开更多
Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vacc...Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vaccination.In this study,we proposed a biomimetic antitumor nanovaccine based on biocompatible nanocarriers and tumor cell membrane antigens.Briefly,endogenous calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules with possible immune potentiating effect are designed and engineered,both as delivery vehicles and adjuvants.Then,these nanocarriers are coated with lipids and B16-OVA tumor cell membranes,so the biomembrane proteins can serve as tumor-specific antigens.It was found that calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules themselves were compatible and possessed adjuvant effect,while membrane proteins including tumor associated antigen were transferred onto the nanocarriers.It was demonstrated that such a biomimetic nanovaccine could be well endocytosed by dendritic cells,promote their maturation and antigen-presentation,facilitate lymph retention,and trigger obvious immune response.It was confirmed that the biomimetic vaccine could induce strong T-cell response,exhibit excellent tumor therapy and prophylactic effects,and simultaneously possess nice biocompatibility.In general,the present investigation might provide insights for the further design and application of antitumor vaccines.展开更多
A 9-month incubation experiment using composted and non-composted amendments derived from vine pruning waste and sewage sludge was carried out to study the effects of the nature and stability of organic amendments on ...A 9-month incubation experiment using composted and non-composted amendments derived from vine pruning waste and sewage sludge was carried out to study the effects of the nature and stability of organic amendments on the structural composition of organic matter (OM) in a semi-arid soil.The changes of soil OM,both in the whole soil and in the extractable carbon with pyrophosphate,were evaluated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography and chemical analyses.By the end of the experiment,the soils amended with pruning waste exhibited less organic carbon loss than those receiving sewage sludge.The non-composted residues increased the aliphatic-pyrolytic products of the OM,both in the whole soil and also in the pyrophosphate extract,with the products derived from peptides and proteins being significantly higher.After 9 months,in the soils amended with pruning waste the relative abundance of phenolic-pyrolytic products derived from phenolic compounds,lignin and proteins in the whole soil tended to increase more than those in the soils amended with sewage sludge.However,the extractable OM with pyrophosphate in the soils amended with composted residues tended to have higher contents of these phenolic-pyrolytic products than that in non-composted ones.Thus,despite the stability of pruning waste,the composting of this material promoted the incorporation of phenolic compounds to the soil OM.The pyrolytic indices (furfural/pyrrole and aliphatic/aromatic ratios) showed the diminution of aliphatic compounds and the increase of aromatic compounds,indicating the stabilization of the OM in the amended soils after 9 months.In conclusion,the changes of soil OM depend on the nature and stability of the organic amendments,with composted vine pruning waste favouring humification.展开更多
Terpenoids are the largest family of natural products.They are made from the building block isoprene pyrophosphate(IPP),and their bioproduction using engineered cell factories has received a great deal of attention.To...Terpenoids are the largest family of natural products.They are made from the building block isoprene pyrophosphate(IPP),and their bioproduction using engineered cell factories has received a great deal of attention.To date,the insufficient metabolic supply of IPP remains a great challenge for the efficient synthesis of terpenoids.In this work,we discover that the imbalanced metabolic flux distribution between the central metabolism and the IPP supply hinders IPP accumulation in Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis).Therefore,we remodel the IPP metabolism using a series of genetically encoded two-input-multioutput(TIMO)circuits that are responsive to pyruvate or/and malonyl-CoA,resulting in an IPP pool that is significantly increased by up to four-fold.As a proof-of-concept validation,we design an IPP metabolism remodeling strategy to improve the production of three valuable terpenoids,including menaquinone-7(MK-7,4.1-fold),lycopene(9-fold),andβ-carotene(0.9-fold).In particular,the titer of MK-7 in a 50-L bioreactor reached 1549.6 mg·L^(-1),representing the highest titer reported so far.Thus,we propose a TIMO genetic circuits-assisted IPP metabolism remodeling framework that can be generally used for the synergistic fine-tuning of complicated metabolic modules to achieve the efficient bioproduction of terpenoids.展开更多
A rational regulation of the solar water splitting reaction pathway by adjusting the surface composition and phase structure of catalysts is a substantial approach to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics and impr...A rational regulation of the solar water splitting reaction pathway by adjusting the surface composition and phase structure of catalysts is a substantial approach to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics and improve the energy conversion efficiency.In this study,we demonstrate a nanocrystalline iron pyrophosphate(Fe_(4)(P_(2)O_(7))_(3),FePy)-regulated hybrid overlayer with amorphous iron phosphate(FePO_(4),FePi)on the surface of metal oxide nanostructure with boosted photoelectrochemical(PEC)water oxidation.By manipulating the facile electrochemical surface treatment followed by the phosphating process,nanocrystalline FePy is localized in the FePi amorphous overlayer to form a heterogeneous hybrid structure.The FePy-regulated hybrid overlayer(FePy@FePi)results in significantly enhanced PEC performance with long-term durability.Compared with the homogeneous FePi amorphous overlayer,FePy@FePi can improve the charge transfer efficiency more significantly,from 60% of FePi to 79%of FePy@FePi.Our density-functional theory calculations reveal that the coexistence of FePi and FePy phases on the surface of metal oxide results in much better oxygen evolution reaction kinetics,where the FePi was found to have a typical down-hill reaction for the conversion from OH*to O_(2),while FePy has a low free energy for the formation of OH*.展开更多
Three Bi-doped vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared via dihydrate route （VPD method）, which consisted of different preparation methods including mechanosynthesis, mechanochemical treatment, and the conventi...Three Bi-doped vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared via dihydrate route （VPD method）, which consisted of different preparation methods including mechanosynthesis, mechanochemical treatment, and the conventional reflux method. The catalysts produced by the above three methods were characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and temperature programmed reduction （TPR）. Catalytic evaluation for the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride （MA） was also carried out. The XRD patterns of all the Bi-doped catalysts showed the main peaks of pyrophosphate phase. Lower intensity peaks were observed for the mechanochemically treated Bi-doped catalyst （VPDBiMill） with two additional small peaks corresponding to the presence of a small amount of V5＋ phase. The TPR profiles showed that the highest amount of active oxygen species, i.e, V4＋–O- pair, responsible for n-butane activation, was removed from VPDBiMill. Furthermore, from the catalytic test results, the graph of selectivity to MA as a function of the conversion of n-butane demonstrated that VPDBiMill was the most selective catalyst. This suggests that the mechanochemical treatment of vanadium phosphate catalyst （VPDBiMill） is a potential method to improve the catalytic properties for the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride.展开更多
A polarographic catalytic wave of cobalt in the substrate solution (pH=8.5) of diacetyldioxime potassium pyrophosphate ammonium chloride was studied and a new method for rapid determination of trace cobalt in complex ...A polarographic catalytic wave of cobalt in the substrate solution (pH=8.5) of diacetyldioxime potassium pyrophosphate ammonium chloride was studied and a new method for rapid determination of trace cobalt in complex zinc electrolyte solution was developed. The results show that there is a very sensitive catalytic wave of cobalt at 1.23 V. At least three hundred thousand fold Zn 2+ does not affect the determination of cobalt. The method is easy to operate and rapid, and when the signal to noise rate equals 2, the detection limit is 6×10 -9 mol·L -1 . A good linear relationship exists between the concentration of cobalt within 0.001 ～3.0 μg·mL -1 and the peak current. The method has successfully been used in the determination of trace cobalt in complex solution of the workshop for electrolyzing zinc.展开更多
Methyl methacrylate(MMA) and vinyl acetate(VAc) were grafted onto corn starch with manganic pyrophosphate{[Mn(H 2P 2O 7) 3] 3-} as the initiator and water as the reaction medium. The influences of reaction condit...Methyl methacrylate(MMA) and vinyl acetate(VAc) were grafted onto corn starch with manganic pyrophosphate{[Mn(H 2P 2O 7) 3] 3-} as the initiator and water as the reaction medium. The influences of reaction conditions, including pH value, initiator concentration, monomer concentration and its composition, on percent grafting and grafting efficiency were investigated. The graft copolymer was characterized by means of IR spectroscopy, scanning electron micrograph(SEM) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The biodegradation experiment showed that the degradation of corn starch-g-poly(MMA-co-VAc) was mainly from starch. However, after poly VAc in the side chain was transformed into poly vinyl alcohol(PVA), both starch and the grafted side chain could be degraded completely.展开更多
In a rotary kiln process for phosphoric acid production,the reaction between gaseous phosphorus pentoxide（P2O5）and phosphate ore and silica contained in feed balls（the so-called P2O5＂absorption＂）not only reduces...In a rotary kiln process for phosphoric acid production,the reaction between gaseous phosphorus pentoxide（P2O5）and phosphate ore and silica contained in feed balls（the so-called P2O5＂absorption＂）not only reduces phosphorous recovery but also generates a large amount of low melting-point side products.The products may give rise to formation of kiln ring,which interferes with kiln operation performance.In this study,the reactions of gaseous P2O5with solid calcium phosphate（Ca3（PO4）2）,silica（SiO2）and their mixture,respectively,were investigated via combined chemical analysis and various characterizations comprised of X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier-transform infrared（FT-IR）spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter（TG＆DSC）,and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer（SEM＆EDS）.Attentions were focused on apparent morphology,phase transformation and thermal stability of the products of the P2O5＂absorption＂at different temperatures.The results show that the temperature significantly affected the＂absorption＂.The reaction between pure Ca3（PO4）2 and P2O5 occurred at 500℃.Calcium metaphosphate（Ca（PO3）2）was the primary product at the temperatures≤900℃ with its melting point≤900℃ while calcium pyrophosphate（Ca2P2O7）was obtained over 1000℃,which has a melting point≤1200℃.The＂absorption＂by pure SiO2 started at 800℃ and the most significant reaction occurred at 1000℃ with formation of silicon pyrophosphate（SiP2O7）product of melting point≤1000℃.Using mixed Ca3（PO4）2and SiO2as raw material,the＂absorption＂by Ca3（PO4）2 was enhanced due to existence of silica.At 600–700℃,silica was inert to P2O5and thus formed a porous structure in the raw material,which accelerated diffusion of gaseous P2O5inside the mixture.At higher temperatures,the combined＂absorption＂by calcium phosphate and reaction between silicon dioxide and the＂absorption＂product calcium pyrophosphate,reinforced the＂absorption＂by the mixture.Besides,it was found that both Ca（PO3）2and SiP2O7were unstable at high temperatures and would decompose to Ca2P2O7and SiO2,respectively,at over 1000℃ and 1100℃ with the release of gaseous P2O5at the same time.展开更多
In this paper, thermoluminescence （TL） properties of rare earth Tb^3＋-doped α-Sr2P2O7 were examined after β-irradiation and photoluminescence （PL） properties of samples were examined for proper excitation. All ...In this paper, thermoluminescence （TL） properties of rare earth Tb^3＋-doped α-Sr2P2O7 were examined after β-irradiation and photoluminescence （PL） properties of samples were examined for proper excitation. All the samples were synthesized by high-temperature combustion method. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy characterization confirms the formation of pure α-phase with crystallized in orthorhombic structure of samples. The PL emission spectra of all samples exhibit characteristic green emission peaks of Tb^3＋ where the peak at 545 nm has the highest emission intensity for Tb^3＋ con- centration of 5.0 mol%. The TL glow curves of β-irradiated Tb^3＋-doped α-Sr2P2O7 phosphors were recorded at different heating rates of 2, 4, and 6 K.s^-1. TL curves of all sample exhibit combination of two peaks： peak at 420 K shifts toward higher 525 K remains unaffected temperature, while peak at with the increase in Tb^3＋ concentration as well as fading effect. The activation energy and kinetic parameters of the samples were evaluated using thermoluminescence peak shape method.展开更多
The study aims to reveal phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AAnPB） and their relatives,anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AnAnPB） and nonphototrophi...The study aims to reveal phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AAnPB） and their relatives,anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AnAnPB） and nonphototrophic bacteria（NPB,which had high homology of 16S rDNA gene with AAnPB and fell into the same genus）,and validate reliability and usefulness of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase（FPPS） gene for the phylogenetic determination.FPPS genes with our modified primers and 16S rDNA genes with general primers,were amplified and sequenced or retrieved from GenBank database.In contrast to 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic tree,AAnPB were grouped into two clusters and one branch alone with no intermingling with NPB and AnAnPB in the tree constructed on FPPS.One branch of AAnPB,in both trees,was located closer to outgroup species than AnAnPB,which implicated that some AAnPB would be diverged earlier in FPPS evolutionary history than AnAnPB and NPB.Some AAnPB and NPB were closer located in both trees and this suggested that they were the closer relatives than AnAnPB.Combination codon usage in FPPS with phylogenetic analysis,the results indicates that FPPS gene and 16S rRNA gene have similar evolutionary pattern but the former seems to be more reliable and useful in determining the phylogenic and evolutionary relationship between AAnPB and their relatives.This is the first attempt to use a molecular marker beside 16S rRNA gene for studying the phylogeny of AAnPB,and the study may also be helpful in understanding the evolutionary relationship among phototrophic microbes and the trends of photosynthetic genes transfer.展开更多
Sesquiterpenoids play an import role in the direct or indirect defense of plants.Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthases(FPSs)catalyze the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate,which is a key precursor of farnesol and(E)-β...Sesquiterpenoids play an import role in the direct or indirect defense of plants.Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthases(FPSs)catalyze the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate,which is a key precursor of farnesol and(E)-β-farnesene.In the current study,two FPS genes in Gossypium hirsutum,GhFPS1 and GhFPS2,were heterologously cloned and functionally characterized in a greenhouse setting.The open reading frames for full-length GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were each 1029 nucleotides,and encoded two proteins of 342 amino acids with molecular weights of 39.4 kDa.The deduced amino acid sequences of GhFPS1–2 showed high identity to FPSs of other plants.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were highly expressed in G.hirsutum leaves,and were upregulated in methyl jasmonate(MeJA)-,methyl salicylate(MeSA)-and aphid infestation-treated cotton plants.The recombinant proteins of either GhFPS1 or GhFPS2 plus calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase could convert geranyl diphosphate(GPP)or isopentenyl diphosphate(IPP)to one major product,farnesol.Moreover,in electrophysiological response and Y-tube olfactometer assays,farnesol showed obvious attractiveness to female Aphidius gifuensis,which is an important parasitic wasp of aphids.Our findings suggest that two GhFPSs are involved in farnesol biosynthesis and they play a crucial role in indirect defense of cotton against aphid infestation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease(CPPD),or pseudogout,is an inflammatory arthritis common among elderly patients,but rarely seen in patients under the age of 40.In the rare cases presented ...BACKGROUND Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease(CPPD),or pseudogout,is an inflammatory arthritis common among elderly patients,but rarely seen in patients under the age of 40.In the rare cases presented of young patients with CPPD,genetic predisposition or related metabolic conditions were almost always identified.CASE SUMMARY The authors report the case of a 9-year-old boy with no past medical history who presented with acute knee pain and swelling after a cat scratch injury 5 d prior.Synovial fluid analysis identified calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals.Further MRI analysis identified osteomyelitis and a small soft tissue abscess.CONCLUSION This case presents the extremely rare diagnostic finding of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in a previously healthy pediatric patient.The presence of osteomyelitis presents a unique insight into the pathogenesis of these crystals in pediatric patients.More research needs to be done on the role of CPPD in pediatric arthritis and joint infection.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation and ulceration,representing a significant predisposition to colorectal cancer.Recent advances in single-cell RNA se...BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation and ulceration,representing a significant predisposition to colorectal cancer.Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology offer a promising avenue for dissecting the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures driving UC pathology.AIM To utilize scRNA-seq technology to dissect the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures that underlie UC pathology.METHODS In this research,we integrated and analyzed the scRNA-seq data from UC patients.Moreover,we conducted mRNA and protein level assays as well as pathology-related staining tests on clinical patient samples.RESULTS In this study,we identified the sustained upregulation of inflammatory response pathways during UC progression,characterized the features of damaged endothelial cells in colitis.Furthermore,we uncovered the downregulation of phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase(LHPP)has a negative correlation with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.Significant downregulation of LHPP in UC patient tissues and plasma suggests that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC.This paper highlights the importance of LHPP as a potential key target in UC and unveils its potential role in inflammation regulation.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC,emphasizing its importance as a potential key target in UC and unveiling its role in inflammation regulation.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Sci-ence Foundation of Guangxi Province, China (No. 0640009)
文摘Nano-sized cerium-titanium pyrophosphates Ce1-xTixP2O7 （with x = 0, 0.2, 0.5, 0.7, 0.9, and 1.0） were obtained by grinding a mixture of Ce（SO4）2·4H2O, Ti（SO4）2, and Na4P2O7·10H2O in the presence of surfactant PEG-400 at room temperature, washing the mixture with water to remove soluble inorganic salts, and drying at 100℃. The products and their calcined samples were characterized using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy （UV-vis）, thermogravimetry and differential thermal analyses （TG/DTA）, X-ray powder diffraction （XRD）, and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The results show that nano-sized Ce1-xTixP2O7 behave as an excellent UV-shielding material. Thereinto, the CeP2O7 has the most excellent UV-shielding effect, and the amorphous state of Ce0.8Ti0.2P2O7 can keep at a higher temperature than CeP2O7. Therefore, the stabilization of the amorphous state of the cerium pyrophosphates was carded out by doping titanium. This stabilization is a significant improvement, which enables to apply these amorphous pyrophosphates not only to cosmetics and paints, but also plastics and films.
基金This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873198)the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council(EPSRC,EP/V027433/1)the Royal Society(RGSyR1y211080)。
文摘Efficient and stable oxygen evolution electrocatalysts are indispensable for industrial applications of water splitting and hydrogen production.Herein,a simple and practical method was applied to fabricate(Mo,Fe)P2O7@NF electrocatalyst by directly growing Mo/Fe bimetallic pyrophosphate derived from Prussian blue analogues on three-dimensional porous current collector.In alkaline media,the developed material possesses good hydrophilic features and exhibits best-in-class oxygen evolution reaction(OER)performances.Surprisingly,the(Mo,Fe)P_(2)O_(7)@NF only requires overpotentials of 250 and 290 mV to deliver 100 and 600 mA cm^(-2)in 1 mol L^(-1)KOH,respectively.Furthermore,the(Mo,Fe)P_(2)O_(7)@NF shows outstanding performances in alkaline salty water and 1 mol L^(-1)high purity KOH.A worthwhile pathway is provided to combine bimetallic pyrophosphate with commercial Ni foam to form robust electrocatalysts for stable electrocatalytic OER,which has a positive impact on both hydrogen energy application and environmental restoration.
基金financial support provided by the University of New England,Australia for conducting this research。
文摘Water-soluble organic matter(WSOM)significantly influences the transport of metals and organic contaminants in soils,yet the interaction specifics with antimony(Sb)remain largely unexplored.Antimony is of particular environmental concern due to its toxic properties and harmful effects on ecosystems and human health.Employing a three-step fractionation method with polyvinylpyrrolidone(PVP),this study aimed to isolate and analyze humic acids(HA),PVP-non adsorbed fulvic acids(FAA),and PVP-adsorbed fulvic acids(FAB)from WSOM in soil spiked with Sb and incubated for 18 months.These fractions underwent chemical analysis for carbon(C),nitrogen(N),total organic carbon(TOC),and Sb,complemented by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopic characterization.The study revealed that HA wasmore aliphatic,with Sb predominantly associating with the fulvic acid(FA)fraction,accounting for 97%of Sb in extracts.Specifically,the FAA subfraction held substantial portions of total carbon(TC),total nitrogen(TN),total organic carbon(TOC),and Sb.Correlations between Sb concentrations and TN,TC,and TOC were significant.Extraction methods showed NaOH and Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7) outperformed HCl and deionised water in extracting TC,TN,and TOC,with higher Sb concentrations found in Na_(4)P_(2)O_(7) and NaOH extracts.This underscores the role of Fe/Al-SOM complexes in Sb soil availability.The results revealed that FAA subfraction accounted for 76%,64%and 94%of TN,TOC and Sb,respectively.Therefore,this research highlights the FAA fraction’s central role,predominantly comprising non-humic substances like amines,in the availability of C,N,and Sb in Sb-impacted soils.The findings offer insights for environmental management and remediation strategies.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001676)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(CAST)(2022QNRC001).
文摘The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia(IDA)remains high in infants,resulting in growth retardation,neurodevelopmental impairment,immunodeficiency and other irreversible injuries.Efficient and safe iron supplementation for infants has been the goal of recent research.This study aims to investigate the effect of encapsulated ferric pyrophosphate(FePP)on intestinal inflammation and gut microbiota in IDA suckling rats.Newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were gavaged with low and high doses of FePP and FeSO4(2 and 10 mg Fe/kg BW,respectively)during postnatal days 2-14,while the Ctrl group was gavaged with saline.Results showed that FePP supplementation was as effective as FeSO4 in promoting growth,alleviating anemia and restoring body iron levels.Both low and high doses of FePP could significantly down-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines in the colon to the level similar to that in the Ctrl group(P>0.05).However,the high dose of FeSO4 did not show a down-regulation effect.Compared with the Ctrl group,IDA caused a disturbance of gut microbiota composition in suckling rats,and FePP could restore this dysbiosis.Besides,FePP was more beneficial than FeSO4 in increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Akkermansia.Spearman’s correlation analysis showed a correlation between gut microbiota and biochemical indicators such as iron status,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression,and oxidative stress level.Overall,these findings suggested that FePP could effectively improve IDA,and is more effective than FeSO4 in alleviating intestinal inflammation and regulating gut microbiota,which provides a basis for the application of new iron fortificant in infant formula.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Mudanjiang(G2015d1974)Funding Project of Training of Famous Teachers in Mudanjiang Normal University(2014QNGG1805)~~
文摘This study analyzed and predicted following aspects of isopentenyl py- rophosphate isomerases （IPIs） of five north medicinal plants using bioinformatics methods and tools： physical and chemical properties, hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, trans-membrane domain, secondary structure, subcellular localization and so on. The results showed that： there was no notable difference among the physical and chem- ical properties of IPIs of the five north medicinal plants; the IPIs were mainly hy- drophilic; the IPIs were mainly located in chloroplasts by subcellular localization; serine phosphorylation sites were the most; the secondary structures mainly consist- ed of c^-helixes and random coils; no signal peptide existed, indicating that the pro- tein IPI was non-secreted protein; no trans-membrane domain existed; and one functional domain was shown, Le., Nudix Hydrolase Superfamily. This study is of great significance to research on IPI gene functions, deep research on north medic- inal plants, improvement of efficacy of north medicinal plants and rational develop- ment and utilization of medicinal plant resources.
文摘Bismuth-promoted （1% and 3%） vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared by refluxing Bi（NO3）4.5H2O and VOPO4.2H2O in isobutanol. The incorporation of Bi into the catalysts lattice increased the surface area and lowered the overall V oxidation state. Profiles of temperature programmed reduction （TPR） in H2 show a significant shift of the maxima of major reduction peaks to lower temperatures for the Bi-promoted catalysts. A new peak was also observed at the low temperature region for the catalyst with 3% of Bi dopant. The addition of Bi also increased the total amount of oxygen removed from the catalysts. The reduction pattern and reactivity information provide fundamental insight into the catalytic properties of the catalysts. Bi-promoted catalysts were found to be highly active （71% and 81% conversion for 1% and 3% Bi promoted catalysts, respectively, at 703 K）, as compared to the unpromoted material （47% conversion）. The higher activity of the Bi-promoted catalysts is due to that these catalysts possess highly active and labile lattice oxygen. The better catalytic performance can also be attributed to the larger surface area.
基金Project(2010ZC051)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province,ChinaProject(2009-041)supported by Analysis and Testing Foundation from Kunming University of Science and Technology,ChinaProject(14118245)supported by the Starting Research Fund from Kunming University of Science and Technology,China
文摘A novel synthesis of LiFePO4/C from Fe2O3 with no extra carbon or carbon-containing reductant was introduced： Fe2O3 （＋NH4H2PO4）→Fe2P2O7（＋Li2CO3＋glucose）→LiFePO4/C. X-ray diffractometry （XRD）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM） were utilized to characterize relevant products obtained in the synthetic procedure. The reaction of Fe2P2O7 and Li2CO3 was investigated by thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis （TGA-DTA）. Fe2O3 is completely reduced to Fe2P2O7 by NH4H2PO4 at 700 ℃ and Fe2P2O7 fully reacts with Li2CO3 to form LiFePO4 in the temperature range of 663.4-890 ℃. The primary particles of LiFePO4/C samples prepared at 670, 700 and 750 ℃ respectively exhibit uniform morphology and narrow size distribution, 0.5-3 μm for those obtained at 670 and 700 ℃ and 0.5-5 μm for those obtained at 750 ℃. LiFePO4/C （carbon content of 5.49%, mass fraction） made at 670 ℃ shows an appreciable average capacity of 153.2 mA·h/g at 0.1C in the first 50 cycles.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0205600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81690264,81821004).
文摘Currently,the cancer immunotherapy has made great progress while antitumor vaccine attracts substantial attention.Still,the selection of adjuvants as well as antigens are always the most crucial issues for better vaccination.In this study,we proposed a biomimetic antitumor nanovaccine based on biocompatible nanocarriers and tumor cell membrane antigens.Briefly,endogenous calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules with possible immune potentiating effect are designed and engineered,both as delivery vehicles and adjuvants.Then,these nanocarriers are coated with lipids and B16-OVA tumor cell membranes,so the biomembrane proteins can serve as tumor-specific antigens.It was found that calcium pyrophosphate nanogranules themselves were compatible and possessed adjuvant effect,while membrane proteins including tumor associated antigen were transferred onto the nanocarriers.It was demonstrated that such a biomimetic nanovaccine could be well endocytosed by dendritic cells,promote their maturation and antigen-presentation,facilitate lymph retention,and trigger obvious immune response.It was confirmed that the biomimetic vaccine could induce strong T-cell response,exhibit excellent tumor therapy and prophylactic effects,and simultaneously possess nice biocompatibility.In general,the present investigation might provide insights for the further design and application of antitumor vaccines.
基金Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (No. CTM 2007-60061)the CSIC-I3P fellowship from the Council of Scientific Research (CSIC) of Spain
文摘A 9-month incubation experiment using composted and non-composted amendments derived from vine pruning waste and sewage sludge was carried out to study the effects of the nature and stability of organic amendments on the structural composition of organic matter (OM) in a semi-arid soil.The changes of soil OM,both in the whole soil and in the extractable carbon with pyrophosphate,were evaluated by pyrolysis-gas chromatography and chemical analyses.By the end of the experiment,the soils amended with pruning waste exhibited less organic carbon loss than those receiving sewage sludge.The non-composted residues increased the aliphatic-pyrolytic products of the OM,both in the whole soil and also in the pyrophosphate extract,with the products derived from peptides and proteins being significantly higher.After 9 months,in the soils amended with pruning waste the relative abundance of phenolic-pyrolytic products derived from phenolic compounds,lignin and proteins in the whole soil tended to increase more than those in the soils amended with sewage sludge.However,the extractable OM with pyrophosphate in the soils amended with composted residues tended to have higher contents of these phenolic-pyrolytic products than that in non-composted ones.Thus,despite the stability of pruning waste,the composting of this material promoted the incorporation of phenolic compounds to the soil OM.The pyrolytic indices (furfural/pyrrole and aliphatic/aromatic ratios) showed the diminution of aliphatic compounds and the increase of aromatic compounds,indicating the stabilization of the OM in the amended soils after 9 months.In conclusion,the changes of soil OM depend on the nature and stability of the organic amendments,with composted vine pruning waste favouring humification.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070085,32200050,31871784,and 32021005)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20221079)+4 种基金National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(BX20220136)the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent(2022ZB498)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP52019A,JUSRP121010 and JUSRP221013)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0908300)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Provence(KYCX18_1797)。
文摘Terpenoids are the largest family of natural products.They are made from the building block isoprene pyrophosphate(IPP),and their bioproduction using engineered cell factories has received a great deal of attention.To date,the insufficient metabolic supply of IPP remains a great challenge for the efficient synthesis of terpenoids.In this work,we discover that the imbalanced metabolic flux distribution between the central metabolism and the IPP supply hinders IPP accumulation in Bacillus subtilis(B.subtilis).Therefore,we remodel the IPP metabolism using a series of genetically encoded two-input-multioutput(TIMO)circuits that are responsive to pyruvate or/and malonyl-CoA,resulting in an IPP pool that is significantly increased by up to four-fold.As a proof-of-concept validation,we design an IPP metabolism remodeling strategy to improve the production of three valuable terpenoids,including menaquinone-7(MK-7,4.1-fold),lycopene(9-fold),andβ-carotene(0.9-fold).In particular,the titer of MK-7 in a 50-L bioreactor reached 1549.6 mg·L^(-1),representing the highest titer reported so far.Thus,we propose a TIMO genetic circuits-assisted IPP metabolism remodeling framework that can be generally used for the synergistic fine-tuning of complicated metabolic modules to achieve the efficient bioproduction of terpenoids.
基金This study was supported by the financial support from the Korea Institute of Energy Technology Evaluation and Planning(KETEP)grant funded by the Korea government(MOTIE)(20214000000500,training program of CCUS for the green growth)This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government,Ministry of Science and ICT(MSIT)(2020M3D1A2102837).
文摘A rational regulation of the solar water splitting reaction pathway by adjusting the surface composition and phase structure of catalysts is a substantial approach to ameliorate the sluggish reaction kinetics and improve the energy conversion efficiency.In this study,we demonstrate a nanocrystalline iron pyrophosphate(Fe_(4)(P_(2)O_(7))_(3),FePy)-regulated hybrid overlayer with amorphous iron phosphate(FePO_(4),FePi)on the surface of metal oxide nanostructure with boosted photoelectrochemical(PEC)water oxidation.By manipulating the facile electrochemical surface treatment followed by the phosphating process,nanocrystalline FePy is localized in the FePi amorphous overlayer to form a heterogeneous hybrid structure.The FePy-regulated hybrid overlayer(FePy@FePi)results in significantly enhanced PEC performance with long-term durability.Compared with the homogeneous FePi amorphous overlayer,FePy@FePi can improve the charge transfer efficiency more significantly,from 60% of FePi to 79%of FePy@FePi.Our density-functional theory calculations reveal that the coexistence of FePi and FePy phases on the surface of metal oxide results in much better oxygen evolution reaction kinetics,where the FePi was found to have a typical down-hill reaction for the conversion from OH*to O_(2),while FePy has a low free energy for the formation of OH*.
文摘Three Bi-doped vanadyl pyrophosphate catalysts were prepared via dihydrate route （VPD method）, which consisted of different preparation methods including mechanosynthesis, mechanochemical treatment, and the conventional reflux method. The catalysts produced by the above three methods were characterized by x-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, and temperature programmed reduction （TPR）. Catalytic evaluation for the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride （MA） was also carried out. The XRD patterns of all the Bi-doped catalysts showed the main peaks of pyrophosphate phase. Lower intensity peaks were observed for the mechanochemically treated Bi-doped catalyst （VPDBiMill） with two additional small peaks corresponding to the presence of a small amount of V5＋ phase. The TPR profiles showed that the highest amount of active oxygen species, i.e, V4＋–O- pair, responsible for n-butane activation, was removed from VPDBiMill. Furthermore, from the catalytic test results, the graph of selectivity to MA as a function of the conversion of n-butane demonstrated that VPDBiMill was the most selective catalyst. This suggests that the mechanochemical treatment of vanadium phosphate catalyst （VPDBiMill） is a potential method to improve the catalytic properties for the partial oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride.
基金The Science and Research Foundation of Education Commission of Hunan Province!(No.98C118)
文摘A polarographic catalytic wave of cobalt in the substrate solution (pH=8.5) of diacetyldioxime potassium pyrophosphate ammonium chloride was studied and a new method for rapid determination of trace cobalt in complex zinc electrolyte solution was developed. The results show that there is a very sensitive catalytic wave of cobalt at 1.23 V. At least three hundred thousand fold Zn 2+ does not affect the determination of cobalt. The method is easy to operate and rapid, and when the signal to noise rate equals 2, the detection limit is 6×10 -9 mol·L -1 . A good linear relationship exists between the concentration of cobalt within 0.001 ～3.0 μg·mL -1 and the peak current. The method has successfully been used in the determination of trace cobalt in complex solution of the workshop for electrolyzing zinc.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.9715 0 0 10 )
文摘Methyl methacrylate(MMA) and vinyl acetate(VAc) were grafted onto corn starch with manganic pyrophosphate{[Mn(H 2P 2O 7) 3] 3-} as the initiator and water as the reaction medium. The influences of reaction conditions, including pH value, initiator concentration, monomer concentration and its composition, on percent grafting and grafting efficiency were investigated. The graft copolymer was characterized by means of IR spectroscopy, scanning electron micrograph(SEM) and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The biodegradation experiment showed that the degradation of corn starch-g-poly(MMA-co-VAc) was mainly from starch. However, after poly VAc in the side chain was transformed into poly vinyl alcohol(PVA), both starch and the grafted side chain could be degraded completely.
基金Suported by the breeding programs of Sichuan University(SCU2015C002)
文摘In a rotary kiln process for phosphoric acid production,the reaction between gaseous phosphorus pentoxide（P2O5）and phosphate ore and silica contained in feed balls（the so-called P2O5＂absorption＂）not only reduces phosphorous recovery but also generates a large amount of low melting-point side products.The products may give rise to formation of kiln ring,which interferes with kiln operation performance.In this study,the reactions of gaseous P2O5with solid calcium phosphate（Ca3（PO4）2）,silica（SiO2）and their mixture,respectively,were investigated via combined chemical analysis and various characterizations comprised of X-ray diffraction（XRD）,Fourier-transform infrared（FT-IR）spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter（TG＆DSC）,and scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer（SEM＆EDS）.Attentions were focused on apparent morphology,phase transformation and thermal stability of the products of the P2O5＂absorption＂at different temperatures.The results show that the temperature significantly affected the＂absorption＂.The reaction between pure Ca3（PO4）2 and P2O5 occurred at 500℃.Calcium metaphosphate（Ca（PO3）2）was the primary product at the temperatures≤900℃ with its melting point≤900℃ while calcium pyrophosphate（Ca2P2O7）was obtained over 1000℃,which has a melting point≤1200℃.The＂absorption＂by pure SiO2 started at 800℃ and the most significant reaction occurred at 1000℃ with formation of silicon pyrophosphate（SiP2O7）product of melting point≤1000℃.Using mixed Ca3（PO4）2and SiO2as raw material,the＂absorption＂by Ca3（PO4）2 was enhanced due to existence of silica.At 600–700℃,silica was inert to P2O5and thus formed a porous structure in the raw material,which accelerated diffusion of gaseous P2O5inside the mixture.At higher temperatures,the combined＂absorption＂by calcium phosphate and reaction between silicon dioxide and the＂absorption＂product calcium pyrophosphate,reinforced the＂absorption＂by the mixture.Besides,it was found that both Ca（PO3）2and SiP2O7were unstable at high temperatures and would decompose to Ca2P2O7and SiO2,respectively,at over 1000℃ and 1100℃ with the release of gaseous P2O5at the same time.
文摘In this paper, thermoluminescence （TL） properties of rare earth Tb^3＋-doped α-Sr2P2O7 were examined after β-irradiation and photoluminescence （PL） properties of samples were examined for proper excitation. All the samples were synthesized by high-temperature combustion method. The X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy characterization confirms the formation of pure α-phase with crystallized in orthorhombic structure of samples. The PL emission spectra of all samples exhibit characteristic green emission peaks of Tb^3＋ where the peak at 545 nm has the highest emission intensity for Tb^3＋ con- centration of 5.0 mol%. The TL glow curves of β-irradiated Tb^3＋-doped α-Sr2P2O7 phosphors were recorded at different heating rates of 2, 4, and 6 K.s^-1. TL curves of all sample exhibit combination of two peaks： peak at 420 K shifts toward higher 525 K remains unaffected temperature, while peak at with the increase in Tb^3＋ concentration as well as fading effect. The activation energy and kinetic parameters of the samples were evaluated using thermoluminescence peak shape method.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 40232021 and 40576063
文摘The study aims to reveal phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship between aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AAnPB） and their relatives,anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria（AnAnPB） and nonphototrophic bacteria（NPB,which had high homology of 16S rDNA gene with AAnPB and fell into the same genus）,and validate reliability and usefulness of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase（FPPS） gene for the phylogenetic determination.FPPS genes with our modified primers and 16S rDNA genes with general primers,were amplified and sequenced or retrieved from GenBank database.In contrast to 16S rDNA gene phylogenetic tree,AAnPB were grouped into two clusters and one branch alone with no intermingling with NPB and AnAnPB in the tree constructed on FPPS.One branch of AAnPB,in both trees,was located closer to outgroup species than AnAnPB,which implicated that some AAnPB would be diverged earlier in FPPS evolutionary history than AnAnPB and NPB.Some AAnPB and NPB were closer located in both trees and this suggested that they were the closer relatives than AnAnPB.Combination codon usage in FPPS with phylogenetic analysis,the results indicates that FPPS gene and 16S rRNA gene have similar evolutionary pattern but the former seems to be more reliable and useful in determining the phylogenic and evolutionary relationship between AAnPB and their relatives.This is the first attempt to use a molecular marker beside 16S rRNA gene for studying the phylogeny of AAnPB,and the study may also be helpful in understanding the evolutionary relationship among phototrophic microbes and the trends of photosynthetic genes transfer.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772176,31672038 and 31621064)and the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFDO201900 and 2017YFD0200400).
文摘Sesquiterpenoids play an import role in the direct or indirect defense of plants.Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthases(FPSs)catalyze the biosynthesis of farnesyl pyrophosphate,which is a key precursor of farnesol and(E)-β-farnesene.In the current study,two FPS genes in Gossypium hirsutum,GhFPS1 and GhFPS2,were heterologously cloned and functionally characterized in a greenhouse setting.The open reading frames for full-length GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were each 1029 nucleotides,and encoded two proteins of 342 amino acids with molecular weights of 39.4 kDa.The deduced amino acid sequences of GhFPS1–2 showed high identity to FPSs of other plants.Quantitative real-time PCR analysis revealed that GhFPS1 and GhFPS2 were highly expressed in G.hirsutum leaves,and were upregulated in methyl jasmonate(MeJA)-,methyl salicylate(MeSA)-and aphid infestation-treated cotton plants.The recombinant proteins of either GhFPS1 or GhFPS2 plus calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase could convert geranyl diphosphate(GPP)or isopentenyl diphosphate(IPP)to one major product,farnesol.Moreover,in electrophysiological response and Y-tube olfactometer assays,farnesol showed obvious attractiveness to female Aphidius gifuensis,which is an important parasitic wasp of aphids.Our findings suggest that two GhFPSs are involved in farnesol biosynthesis and they play a crucial role in indirect defense of cotton against aphid infestation.
文摘BACKGROUND Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease(CPPD),or pseudogout,is an inflammatory arthritis common among elderly patients,but rarely seen in patients under the age of 40.In the rare cases presented of young patients with CPPD,genetic predisposition or related metabolic conditions were almost always identified.CASE SUMMARY The authors report the case of a 9-year-old boy with no past medical history who presented with acute knee pain and swelling after a cat scratch injury 5 d prior.Synovial fluid analysis identified calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals.Further MRI analysis identified osteomyelitis and a small soft tissue abscess.CONCLUSION This case presents the extremely rare diagnostic finding of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals in a previously healthy pediatric patient.The presence of osteomyelitis presents a unique insight into the pathogenesis of these crystals in pediatric patients.More research needs to be done on the role of CPPD in pediatric arthritis and joint infection.
基金Science and Technology Programme of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province,No.2023ZF114.
文摘BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis(UC)is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation and ulceration,representing a significant predisposition to colorectal cancer.Recent advances in single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology offer a promising avenue for dissecting the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures driving UC pathology.AIM To utilize scRNA-seq technology to dissect the complex cellular interactions and molecular signatures that underlie UC pathology.METHODS In this research,we integrated and analyzed the scRNA-seq data from UC patients.Moreover,we conducted mRNA and protein level assays as well as pathology-related staining tests on clinical patient samples.RESULTS In this study,we identified the sustained upregulation of inflammatory response pathways during UC progression,characterized the features of damaged endothelial cells in colitis.Furthermore,we uncovered the downregulation of phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase(LHPP)has a negative correlation with signal transducer and activator of transcription 3.Significant downregulation of LHPP in UC patient tissues and plasma suggests that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC.This paper highlights the importance of LHPP as a potential key target in UC and unveils its potential role in inflammation regulation.CONCLUSION The findings suggest that LHPP may serve as a potential therapeutic target for UC,emphasizing its importance as a potential key target in UC and unveiling its role in inflammation regulation.
