In remote areas far from the grid, wind/PV/storage generating system is relatively a good choice, whatever in resource configuration, performance or prices. For the independent hybrid power system, the output models o...In remote areas far from the grid, wind/PV/storage generating system is relatively a good choice, whatever in resource configuration, performance or prices. For the independent hybrid power system, the output models of wind turbines, photovoltaic arrays and batteries are built in this paper, and based on the objectives of the capacity configuration optimal model, constraints used in the process of capacity configuration are analyzed. These provide convenient conditions and theoretical basis for the optimal capacity configuration of independent wind/PV/storage system.展开更多
The accurate prediction of photovoltaic(PV)power generation is an important basis for hybrid grid scheduling.With the expansion of the scale of PV power plants and the popularization of distributed PV,this study propo...The accurate prediction of photovoltaic(PV)power generation is an important basis for hybrid grid scheduling.With the expansion of the scale of PV power plants and the popularization of distributed PV,this study proposes a multilayer PV power generation prediction model based on transfer learning to solve the problems of the lack of data on new PV bases and the low accuracy of PV power generation prediction.The proposed model,called DRAM,concatenates a dilated convolutional neural network(DCNN)module with a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)module,and integrates an attention mechanism.First,the processed data are input into the DCNN layer,and the dilation convolution mechanism captures the spatial features of the wide sensory field of the input data.Subsequently,the temporal characteristics between the features are extracted in the BiLSTM layer.Finally,an attention mechanism is used to strengthen the key features by assigning weights to efficiently construct the relationship between the features and output variables.In addition,the power prediction accuracy of the new PV sites was improved by transferring the pre-trained model parameters to the new PV site prediction model.In this study,the pre-training of models using data from different source domains and the correlations between these pre-trained models and the target domain were analyzed.展开更多
Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid are used for self-consumption. Any surplus production is fed into the grid and contributes to improving the voltage. Several techniques are developed to mode...Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid are used for self-consumption. Any surplus production is fed into the grid and contributes to improving the voltage. Several techniques are developed to model their connection. However, studies on methods of injecting energy production into the Low Voltage (LV) network are nowadays a problem. This paper proposes a mathematical model to determine the current to be injected and calculate each node’s voltage. The current equation is a recurrence relation with an initial condition. This initial condition is for the case of a single PV system connected to the LV grid. The equation can also be written in matrix form. Similarly, the voltage solution is a recurrence relation. It also has an initial condition for the first node. Both mathematical formulae with the proposed initial conditions are consistent and can be used for the determination of the current and voltage of the different nodes in the grid.展开更多
Renewable energy sources are gaining popularity,particularly photovoltaic energy as a clean energy source.This is evident in the advancement of scientific research aimed at improving solar cell performance.Due to the ...Renewable energy sources are gaining popularity,particularly photovoltaic energy as a clean energy source.This is evident in the advancement of scientific research aimed at improving solar cell performance.Due to the non-linear nature of the photovoltaic cell,modeling solar cells and extracting their parameters is one of the most important challenges in this discipline.As a result,the use of optimization algorithms to solve this problem is expanding and evolving at a rapid rate.In this paper,a weIghted meaN oF vectOrs algorithm(INFO)that calculates the weighted mean for a set of vectors in the search space has been applied to estimate the parameters of solar cells in an efficient and precise way.In each generation,the INFO utilizes three operations to update the vectors’locations:updating rules,vector merging,and local search.The INFO is applied to estimate the parameters of static models such as single and double diodes,as well as dynamic models such as integral and fractional models.The outcomes of all applications are examined and compared to several recent algorithms.As well as the results are evaluated through statistical analysis.The results analyzed supported the proposed algorithm’s efficiency,accuracy,and durability when compared to recent optimization algorithms.展开更多
Uttarakhand state comes under special category state where approximately 69.45% population lived in rural area under the population density with varied range of 37 to 607 persons per sq.km. Although Uttarakhand is hav...Uttarakhand state comes under special category state where approximately 69.45% population lived in rural area under the population density with varied range of 37 to 607 persons per sq.km. Although Uttarakhand is having per capita consumption of 1112.29 kWh which is higher than national average per capita consumption of 779 kWh as till date, but remote communities, villages are not able to access clean, cheep and good quality of energy due to uneven terrain, lack of proper transmission & distribution lines [1]. 100% villages are electrified under the RGGVY scheme as per the Ministry of Power Government of India, but due to poor loading of transformer, lack of grid infrastructure and natural calamities, remote house owners are not able to get good quality of power thus affect the livelihood and source of income generation in various means [2]. As Uttarakhand state having future plans to be make state energy sufficient and energy access to all by year 2016-2017, so major ground level initiative have been taken by Government of Uttarakhand. The government of Uttarakhand has incorporated innovative business model to provide good quality of power with non-conventional energy source. Under the initiative invlovement of local people and village level, panchayats have ownership and responsibility to operate these clean energy business model to improve livelihood in remote hilly places of Uttarakhand. Under this analysis, five different type of community models are categorized as Community 1, Community 2, Community 3, Standalone 1 & Standalone 2 for rural &remote communities based on number of unclustered households with the distance covered between 200 m to 20 km, and electrical loads i.e. lighting, fan, mobile chargers, television along with time of day energy consumption patterns. These community models are for remote hilly location where grid integration and distribution lines are not feasible to built due to hilly terrain, low soil strength and huge expenses for expanding power cables for supplying good quality power. The preliminary studies and simulations has been done in HOMER tool by considering the various composite source of power, i.e. Solar PV with battery bank, Solar PV with battery Bank & Generator, and Solar PV along with DG. These three hybrid source of power generation with Solar PV as base source under five different community models, the techno-commercial feasibility has been analyzed in terms of load sharing proposition with Solar PV and battery, DG, Energy production through PV, load consumption per year, Excess and unmet energy monitoring, battery sizing to meet the load during nights, DG operation when the solar energy not available due to weather condition and non availability of sunshine in night. Financial feasibility has been examined in terms of levelized cost of energy, cost summary and O&M cost per year of three integrated sources of energy generation with Solar PV under each community model. Solar PV power plant , which is the best renewable source of energy to cater energy access issue in remote hilly places. The Uttarakhand receives good amout of daily average radiation level of 5.14 - 5.50 kWh/m2/day. Financial feasible community models for different hilly region based on their energy consumption need to be implemented with the help of local community by providing ownership to local people, panchayat, for it not only caters energy access issue but also provides clean, cheep, uninterruptable energy and improves livelihood standard to locals by engaging them into operation maintenance and tariff or rent collection. The study shows that Solar PV power plant with battery bank is the optimal solution considering life cycle cost of hybrid system. It is feasible due to low operation and maintenance cost, price declination of battery and Solar PV module, battery prices at time of replacement.展开更多
A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV indus...A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV industry is an ASTM E2848. ASTM E2848-13, 2023 test method provides measurement and analysis procedures for determining the capacity of a specific photovoltaic system built in a particular place and in operation under natural sunlight. This test method is mainly used for acceptance testing of newly installed photovoltaic systems, reporting of DC or AC system performance, and monitoring of photovoltaic system performance. The purpose of the PV Capacity Test and modeled energy test is to verify that the integrated system formed from all components of the PV Project has a production capacity that achieves the Guaranteed Capacity and the Guaranteed modeled AEP under measured weather conditions that occur when each PV Capacity Test is conducted. In this paper, we will be discussing ASTM E2848 PV Capacity test plan purpose and scope, methodology, Selection of reporting conditions (RC), data requirements, calculation of results, reporting, challenges, acceptance criteria on pass/fail test results, Cure period, and Sole remedy for EPC contractors for bifacial irradiance.展开更多
文摘In remote areas far from the grid, wind/PV/storage generating system is relatively a good choice, whatever in resource configuration, performance or prices. For the independent hybrid power system, the output models of wind turbines, photovoltaic arrays and batteries are built in this paper, and based on the objectives of the capacity configuration optimal model, constraints used in the process of capacity configuration are analyzed. These provide convenient conditions and theoretical basis for the optimal capacity configuration of independent wind/PV/storage system.
基金Science and Technology Project of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co.,Ltd Research on Distributed Photovoltaic Fine Power Prediction Technology for Day-Ahead Scheduling,5229NX230007.
文摘The accurate prediction of photovoltaic(PV)power generation is an important basis for hybrid grid scheduling.With the expansion of the scale of PV power plants and the popularization of distributed PV,this study proposes a multilayer PV power generation prediction model based on transfer learning to solve the problems of the lack of data on new PV bases and the low accuracy of PV power generation prediction.The proposed model,called DRAM,concatenates a dilated convolutional neural network(DCNN)module with a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)module,and integrates an attention mechanism.First,the processed data are input into the DCNN layer,and the dilation convolution mechanism captures the spatial features of the wide sensory field of the input data.Subsequently,the temporal characteristics between the features are extracted in the BiLSTM layer.Finally,an attention mechanism is used to strengthen the key features by assigning weights to efficiently construct the relationship between the features and output variables.In addition,the power prediction accuracy of the new PV sites was improved by transferring the pre-trained model parameters to the new PV site prediction model.In this study,the pre-training of models using data from different source domains and the correlations between these pre-trained models and the target domain were analyzed.
文摘Residential photovoltaic (PV) systems connected to the grid are used for self-consumption. Any surplus production is fed into the grid and contributes to improving the voltage. Several techniques are developed to model their connection. However, studies on methods of injecting energy production into the Low Voltage (LV) network are nowadays a problem. This paper proposes a mathematical model to determine the current to be injected and calculate each node’s voltage. The current equation is a recurrence relation with an initial condition. This initial condition is for the case of a single PV system connected to the LV grid. The equation can also be written in matrix form. Similarly, the voltage solution is a recurrence relation. It also has an initial condition for the first node. Both mathematical formulae with the proposed initial conditions are consistent and can be used for the determination of the current and voltage of the different nodes in the grid.
基金This research is funded by Prince Sattam BinAbdulaziz University,Grant Number IF-PSAU-2021/01/18921.
文摘Renewable energy sources are gaining popularity,particularly photovoltaic energy as a clean energy source.This is evident in the advancement of scientific research aimed at improving solar cell performance.Due to the non-linear nature of the photovoltaic cell,modeling solar cells and extracting their parameters is one of the most important challenges in this discipline.As a result,the use of optimization algorithms to solve this problem is expanding and evolving at a rapid rate.In this paper,a weIghted meaN oF vectOrs algorithm(INFO)that calculates the weighted mean for a set of vectors in the search space has been applied to estimate the parameters of solar cells in an efficient and precise way.In each generation,the INFO utilizes three operations to update the vectors’locations:updating rules,vector merging,and local search.The INFO is applied to estimate the parameters of static models such as single and double diodes,as well as dynamic models such as integral and fractional models.The outcomes of all applications are examined and compared to several recent algorithms.As well as the results are evaluated through statistical analysis.The results analyzed supported the proposed algorithm’s efficiency,accuracy,and durability when compared to recent optimization algorithms.
文摘Uttarakhand state comes under special category state where approximately 69.45% population lived in rural area under the population density with varied range of 37 to 607 persons per sq.km. Although Uttarakhand is having per capita consumption of 1112.29 kWh which is higher than national average per capita consumption of 779 kWh as till date, but remote communities, villages are not able to access clean, cheep and good quality of energy due to uneven terrain, lack of proper transmission & distribution lines [1]. 100% villages are electrified under the RGGVY scheme as per the Ministry of Power Government of India, but due to poor loading of transformer, lack of grid infrastructure and natural calamities, remote house owners are not able to get good quality of power thus affect the livelihood and source of income generation in various means [2]. As Uttarakhand state having future plans to be make state energy sufficient and energy access to all by year 2016-2017, so major ground level initiative have been taken by Government of Uttarakhand. The government of Uttarakhand has incorporated innovative business model to provide good quality of power with non-conventional energy source. Under the initiative invlovement of local people and village level, panchayats have ownership and responsibility to operate these clean energy business model to improve livelihood in remote hilly places of Uttarakhand. Under this analysis, five different type of community models are categorized as Community 1, Community 2, Community 3, Standalone 1 & Standalone 2 for rural &remote communities based on number of unclustered households with the distance covered between 200 m to 20 km, and electrical loads i.e. lighting, fan, mobile chargers, television along with time of day energy consumption patterns. These community models are for remote hilly location where grid integration and distribution lines are not feasible to built due to hilly terrain, low soil strength and huge expenses for expanding power cables for supplying good quality power. The preliminary studies and simulations has been done in HOMER tool by considering the various composite source of power, i.e. Solar PV with battery bank, Solar PV with battery Bank & Generator, and Solar PV along with DG. These three hybrid source of power generation with Solar PV as base source under five different community models, the techno-commercial feasibility has been analyzed in terms of load sharing proposition with Solar PV and battery, DG, Energy production through PV, load consumption per year, Excess and unmet energy monitoring, battery sizing to meet the load during nights, DG operation when the solar energy not available due to weather condition and non availability of sunshine in night. Financial feasibility has been examined in terms of levelized cost of energy, cost summary and O&M cost per year of three integrated sources of energy generation with Solar PV under each community model. Solar PV power plant , which is the best renewable source of energy to cater energy access issue in remote hilly places. The Uttarakhand receives good amout of daily average radiation level of 5.14 - 5.50 kWh/m2/day. Financial feasible community models for different hilly region based on their energy consumption need to be implemented with the help of local community by providing ownership to local people, panchayat, for it not only caters energy access issue but also provides clean, cheep, uninterruptable energy and improves livelihood standard to locals by engaging them into operation maintenance and tariff or rent collection. The study shows that Solar PV power plant with battery bank is the optimal solution considering life cycle cost of hybrid system. It is feasible due to low operation and maintenance cost, price declination of battery and Solar PV module, battery prices at time of replacement.
文摘A variety of test methodologies are commonly used to assess if a photovoltaic system can perform in line with expectations generated by a computer simulation. One of the commonly used methodologies across the PV industry is an ASTM E2848. ASTM E2848-13, 2023 test method provides measurement and analysis procedures for determining the capacity of a specific photovoltaic system built in a particular place and in operation under natural sunlight. This test method is mainly used for acceptance testing of newly installed photovoltaic systems, reporting of DC or AC system performance, and monitoring of photovoltaic system performance. The purpose of the PV Capacity Test and modeled energy test is to verify that the integrated system formed from all components of the PV Project has a production capacity that achieves the Guaranteed Capacity and the Guaranteed modeled AEP under measured weather conditions that occur when each PV Capacity Test is conducted. In this paper, we will be discussing ASTM E2848 PV Capacity test plan purpose and scope, methodology, Selection of reporting conditions (RC), data requirements, calculation of results, reporting, challenges, acceptance criteria on pass/fail test results, Cure period, and Sole remedy for EPC contractors for bifacial irradiance.
