A new species of tapejarid pterosaur, Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a nearly complete skull and postcranial skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, Chi...A new species of tapejarid pterosaur, Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a nearly complete skull and postcranial skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, China. Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is characterized by a hatchet-shaped rectangular process on the premaxilla, whose short axis is perpendicular to the anterior margin of the premaxillae. Except for this process, other characters of the skull such as the breadth of the snout between the anterior margin of the nasoantorbital fenestra and the anterior margin of the premaxilla are similar to that of Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus and a second Chinese tapejarid, Sinopterus, share several unique cranial characters in common with Tapejara and these three genera appear to be more closely related to each other than to other azhdarchoids. The Chinese tapejarids （Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus） have relatively elongate skulls and weakly developed cranial crests and seem to be less derived than Tapejara, with its shorter, deeper skull and large cranial crest. Tupuxuarids （Tupuxuara and Thalassodromeus） have often been associated with tapejarids in the family Tapejaridae, but this relationship is controversial because some phylogenetic analyses have supported the pairing of tupuxuarids with Azhdarchidae. We propose that Tapejaridae be restricted to Tapejara, Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus.展开更多
A new anurognathid pterosaur specimen from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Qinglong, northern Hebie Province is described. The new specimen is referred to Dendrorhynchoides, based on the general morphology...A new anurognathid pterosaur specimen from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Qinglong, northern Hebie Province is described. The new specimen is referred to Dendrorhynchoides, based on the general morphology of the skeleton, but it represents a new species, named here as Dendrorhynchoides mutoudengensis sp. nov.. It is characterized by the presence of short, robust and straight teeth, and bearing wing metacarpal approximately 40% of the length of humerus. The new specimen provides further osteological information for anurognathid pterosaurs, especially the presence of a relatively elongate tail.展开更多
Phylogenetic analyses of early pterosaur species are relatively new and contradictory. However, they imply a similar evolutionary history for early pterosaurs： a large divergence of all major early groups of pterosau...Phylogenetic analyses of early pterosaur species are relatively new and contradictory. However, they imply a similar evolutionary history for early pterosaurs： a large divergence of all major early groups of pterosaurs before the first named pterosaur species appeared in the fossil record. This large, unsampled divergence may be a record of the initial adaptive radiation of the pterosaurs, but a recent comprehensive phylogenetic analysis reconstructs named Triassic pterosaur species grouped together in a monophyletic clade with all other major groups diverging later. Ten patterns that characterize adaptive radiations put forward by Gavrilets and Losos （2009） are assessed for congruence with the comprehensive phylogeny and two previous phylogenies to determine which are consistent with our notions of an adaptive radiation. Of the eight patterns that can be applied to pterosaurs, only six vary between pterosaur phylogenies. Of these six patterns, all apply to the three phylogenies with varying amounts of support. For many patterns, however, the comprehensive phylogeny has a greater magnitude, shorter time span, or is the only topology within which they can be assessed. Pterosaurs are characterized by an adaptive radiation no matter which phylogeny is considered, but congruence with the fossil record increases the support and information content of a phylogeny by reducing the time and area within which to reconstruct evolutionary history.展开更多
A new pterosaur Archaeoistiodactylus linglongtaensis gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on an incomplete skeleton with a partial skull and lower jaw. The new taxon is characterized by circular tooth sockets of anterior...A new pterosaur Archaeoistiodactylus linglongtaensis gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on an incomplete skeleton with a partial skull and lower jaw. The new taxon is characterized by circular tooth sockets of anterior mandibular teeth,the anterior teeth of the upper jaw bearing posteriorly directed crowns,a relatively short metacarpus,and wing phalanges 2 and 3 and the tibia subequal in length. It possesses some plesiomorphic characters such as short metacarpals and circular tooth sockets. The pointed jaw tip present in the new taxon indicates that the expanded jaw tips of later istiodactylids are a derived character state,and the new taxon represents the first istiodactylus-like pterosaur found from the pre-Late Jurassic deposits,which provides a key role in our understanding the origin and evolution of the known istiodactylid pterosaurs. Archaeoistiodactylus is regarded as the ancestor form of the known istiodactylid pterosaur.展开更多
辽宁北票义县组中的翼龙个体中等大小,尾短,具腹肋,前肢粗壮,桡、尺骨长于翼掌骨,后肢跖骨极细长,第Ⅴ趾退化但未消失等特征,表明它应为翼手龙亚目早期类型中一个新的属种——杨氏东方翼龙(Eosipterus yangi gen.et sp.nov.)。这是辽西...辽宁北票义县组中的翼龙个体中等大小,尾短,具腹肋,前肢粗壮,桡、尺骨长于翼掌骨,后肢跖骨极细长,第Ⅴ趾退化但未消失等特征,表明它应为翼手龙亚目早期类型中一个新的属种——杨氏东方翼龙(Eosipterus yangi gen.et sp.nov.)。这是辽西翼龙类化石的首次发现,为进一步确定热河动物群的性质、地质时代,以及研究古地理古环境等提供了新资料。展开更多
Based on a nearly complete skeleton with skull from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, a new ornithocheirid pterosaur: Boreopterus cuiae gen. et sp. nov. is erected. Boreopterus cuiae is different from other p...Based on a nearly complete skeleton with skull from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, a new ornithocheirid pterosaur: Boreopterus cuiae gen. et sp. nov. is erected. Boreopterus cuiae is different from other pterosaurs preserved with skulls known from the western liaoning Province and its neighboring areas. This new pterosaur has more and larger teeth than those in other ornithocheirids. Its anterior nine pairs of teeth are larger than other teeth. The fourth pair of upper and lower teeth are slightly larger than the third pair. Overall, Boreopterus cuiae shows much small range of tooth size variation than Anhanguera piscator and Coloborhynchus robustus. The new taxon shares with other ornithocherids in having a relatively large size of the third and fourth pairs of teeth.展开更多
A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur, Changchengopterus pani gen. et sp. nov., is erected, on the basis of a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. The new taxon is distinguished by relatively short extensions of t...A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur, Changchengopterus pani gen. et sp. nov., is erected, on the basis of a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. The new taxon is distinguished by relatively short extensions of the prezygapophyses, postzygapophyses and haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae; a humerus that has a subtriangular deltopectoral crest; limb elements that decrease in length in the following order： ulna〉 wing-phalange 2 〉 wing-phalange 3 = wing-phalange l〉humerus 〉tibia〉femur〉wing-metacarpal. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Changchengopterus is a basal member of rhamphorhynchoids, and more closely related to Dorygnathus than to other rhamphorhychoids. The geological age of the Changchengopterus -bearing sediments is no latter than the end of the Late Jurassic and it is possible Middle Jurassic.展开更多
The pterosaur from the Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, ischaracterized by the medium-sized individual, short tail, presence of the gastralia, strongforelimbs, radius and ulna longer than wing-metacarpa...The pterosaur from the Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, ischaracterized by the medium-sized individual, short tail, presence of the gastralia, strongforelimbs, radius and ulna longer than wing-metacarpal, extremely narrow and elongatemetatarsals, degenerated and small phalanx V of hindlimb and so on. It must be a new genusand species, Eosipterus yangi gen. et sp. nov., in the early groups of the SuborderPterodactyloidea. This is the first record of pterosaurs found in Liaoning Province. The fossilprovides new evidence for further determining the nature and geological time of the JeholFauna and for studying the palaeogeography and palaeoenvironment.展开更多
Pangupterus liui gen. et sp. nov. from the Jiufotang Formation of Sihedang, Lingyuan City, Liaoning Province is erected based on a nearly complete lower jaw. It is characterized by having a total of 36 slender curved ...Pangupterus liui gen. et sp. nov. from the Jiufotang Formation of Sihedang, Lingyuan City, Liaoning Province is erected based on a nearly complete lower jaw. It is characterized by having a total of 36 slender curved teeth with sharp tips, forming a distinct fish-grabbing mechanism; the teeth are well-spaced and are circular in section; the length ratio of the mandibular symphysis to the whole jaw is 20%; and the ratio of the tooth root width to tooth length is 12%. Toothed pterosaurs make up about 56.3% of the pterosaur assemblage from the Jiufotang Formation, which indicates that toothed forms played a key role in the ecosystem.展开更多
Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from sev...Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from several individuals. The fossil-bearing bed is assigned to the lacustrine Leza Formation （eastern Cameros Basin, NW margin of the Iberian Range）. This unit is regarded as either Berriasian-Valanginian or Barremian-Aptian. Prejanopterus curvirostris （specific name emended） was originally diagnosed on the basis of several characters of which the most significant was a lateral curvature of the rostrum. Re-examination of the holotype （rostrum） and paratype （partial rostrum with teeth） indicates that there is no genuine sideways bend of the preserved premaxilla-maxilla segments, but a slight dorsal curvature. Prejanopterus is characterized by a unique combination of characters： an emended diagnosis is provided. In contrast with previous estimates, the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much （if ever） in excess of 2 m. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Prejanopterus is a basal pterodactyloid positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus- Gallodactylus. Prejanopterus represents the first evidence of Pterodactylidae in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.展开更多
In the years since the first description of a pterosaur specimen in 1784, pterosaur research has inevitably advanced considerably. However the last decade has arguably seen a much greater increase in our knowledge tha...In the years since the first description of a pterosaur specimen in 1784, pterosaur research has inevitably advanced considerably. However the last decade has arguably seen a much greater increase in our knowledge than the preceding two centuries. Since the turn of the new millennium, more than 40 new pterosaur genera and species have been described and whole new clades have been discovered, in addition to much new data being developed on pterosaur anatomy, functional morphology, palaeobiology, systematics, ecology and more. We are perhaps at the start of a golden age of pterosaur research and much as the dinosaurs underwent a revolution in the 1970s through to the early 1990s, now the Pterosauria are taking their turn. There is also a new and wider interest in pterosaur work as it attracts both more researchers and greater public interest. Pterosaurs appear to be an increasingly popular aspect of paleontology in popular culture and of interest to the media, both mainstream and digital.展开更多
The pterosaur collection at the Natural History Museum is of great historical importance. Most of the material is figured or cited, and several specimens are types or casts of types. Pterosaurs from UK localities are ...The pterosaur collection at the Natural History Museum is of great historical importance. Most of the material is figured or cited, and several specimens are types or casts of types. Pterosaurs from UK localities are well represented, but foreign material is also present as original specimens and as high quality casts. The entire collection has been recorded in a database and curatorial improvements have been made, which has improved physical and virtual access to the collection. Although many of the specimens were collected as long ago as the early 1800s, they are still useful today. A full list of Natural History Museum pterosaur specimens is published, for the first time since 1888.展开更多
A new dsungaripterid pterosaur,Ordosipterus planignathus gen.et sp.nov.,is established on the incomplete articulated lower jaws from the Lower Cretaceous Luohandong Formation in Otog Qi,Ordos Region,Inner Mongolia,Chi...A new dsungaripterid pterosaur,Ordosipterus planignathus gen.et sp.nov.,is established on the incomplete articulated lower jaws from the Lower Cretaceous Luohandong Formation in Otog Qi,Ordos Region,Inner Mongolia,China.It differs from other dsungaripterids mainly by having broad and low dentary at and just behind the mandibular symphysis,flat dentary dorsal plane forming the distinct lateral ridge with the curved dentary lateral side,and lower alveoli arranged along the dentary dorsolateral margin with wide spacing that increases from rostral to caudal.It represents the first diagnostic pterosaur from the Ordos Region in Inner Mongolia,and further enlarges the geographical distribution of the family Dsungaripteridae from northwestern China(together with western Mongolia)to central North China.展开更多
Pterosaur bones are for the first time reported from the Tremp Syncline （Spain） and the southern Pyrenees. They come from the Torrebilles-2 site （Isona, Lleida Province） in the upper Maastrichtian part of the Trem...Pterosaur bones are for the first time reported from the Tremp Syncline （Spain） and the southern Pyrenees. They come from the Torrebilles-2 site （Isona, Lleida Province） in the upper Maastrichtian part of the Tremp Formation, which falls within the C29r magnetochron. Fragmentary long bones are referred to the Pterosauria based on their cortical thinness, micro-architecture, and histological features. They belong to very large to possibly giant individuals. The most complete specimen is possibly a partial right femur. The review of the Maastrichtian pterosaur record shows that only a few specimens can be referred to the C29r （which contains the K/Pg boundary）. The identification of fragmentary remains could improve our knowledge about the abundance and distribution of these flying sauropsids just before the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.展开更多
文摘A new species of tapejarid pterosaur, Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a nearly complete skull and postcranial skeleton from the Lower Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, China. Huaxiapterus coroUatus sp. nov. is characterized by a hatchet-shaped rectangular process on the premaxilla, whose short axis is perpendicular to the anterior margin of the premaxillae. Except for this process, other characters of the skull such as the breadth of the snout between the anterior margin of the nasoantorbital fenestra and the anterior margin of the premaxilla are similar to that of Huaxiapterus jii. Huaxiapterus and a second Chinese tapejarid, Sinopterus, share several unique cranial characters in common with Tapejara and these three genera appear to be more closely related to each other than to other azhdarchoids. The Chinese tapejarids （Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus） have relatively elongate skulls and weakly developed cranial crests and seem to be less derived than Tapejara, with its shorter, deeper skull and large cranial crest. Tupuxuarids （Tupuxuara and Thalassodromeus） have often been associated with tapejarids in the family Tapejaridae, but this relationship is controversial because some phylogenetic analyses have supported the pairing of tupuxuarids with Azhdarchidae. We propose that Tapejaridae be restricted to Tapejara, Sinopterus and Huaxiapterus.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (9091400340872017)the Basic Outlay of Scientific Research Work from the Ministry of Science and Technology (2011-SYS-02)
文摘A new anurognathid pterosaur specimen from the Middle Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation of Qinglong, northern Hebie Province is described. The new specimen is referred to Dendrorhynchoides, based on the general morphology of the skeleton, but it represents a new species, named here as Dendrorhynchoides mutoudengensis sp. nov.. It is characterized by the presence of short, robust and straight teeth, and bearing wing metacarpal approximately 40% of the length of humerus. The new specimen provides further osteological information for anurognathid pterosaurs, especially the presence of a relatively elongate tail.
文摘Phylogenetic analyses of early pterosaur species are relatively new and contradictory. However, they imply a similar evolutionary history for early pterosaurs： a large divergence of all major early groups of pterosaurs before the first named pterosaur species appeared in the fossil record. This large, unsampled divergence may be a record of the initial adaptive radiation of the pterosaurs, but a recent comprehensive phylogenetic analysis reconstructs named Triassic pterosaur species grouped together in a monophyletic clade with all other major groups diverging later. Ten patterns that characterize adaptive radiations put forward by Gavrilets and Losos （2009） are assessed for congruence with the comprehensive phylogeny and two previous phylogenies to determine which are consistent with our notions of an adaptive radiation. Of the eight patterns that can be applied to pterosaurs, only six vary between pterosaur phylogenies. Of these six patterns, all apply to the three phylogenies with varying amounts of support. For many patterns, however, the comprehensive phylogeny has a greater magnitude, shorter time span, or is the only topology within which they can be assessed. Pterosaurs are characterized by an adaptive radiation no matter which phylogeny is considered, but congruence with the fossil record increases the support and information content of a phylogeny by reducing the time and area within which to reconstruct evolutionary history.
基金supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (40872017,90914003)the 973 Project (2006CB701405)+1 种基金the Basic Outlay of Scientific Research Work from the Ministry of Science and Technology (J1003 J0703)
文摘A new pterosaur Archaeoistiodactylus linglongtaensis gen. et sp. nov. is erected based on an incomplete skeleton with a partial skull and lower jaw. The new taxon is characterized by circular tooth sockets of anterior mandibular teeth,the anterior teeth of the upper jaw bearing posteriorly directed crowns,a relatively short metacarpus,and wing phalanges 2 and 3 and the tibia subequal in length. It possesses some plesiomorphic characters such as short metacarpals and circular tooth sockets. The pointed jaw tip present in the new taxon indicates that the expanded jaw tips of later istiodactylids are a derived character state,and the new taxon represents the first istiodactylus-like pterosaur found from the pre-Late Jurassic deposits,which provides a key role in our understanding the origin and evolution of the known istiodactylid pterosaurs. Archaeoistiodactylus is regarded as the ancestor form of the known istiodactylid pterosaur.
文摘辽宁北票义县组中的翼龙个体中等大小,尾短,具腹肋,前肢粗壮,桡、尺骨长于翼掌骨,后肢跖骨极细长,第Ⅴ趾退化但未消失等特征,表明它应为翼手龙亚目早期类型中一个新的属种——杨氏东方翼龙(Eosipterus yangi gen.et sp.nov.)。这是辽西翼龙类化石的首次发现,为进一步确定热河动物群的性质、地质时代,以及研究古地理古环境等提供了新资料。
文摘Based on a nearly complete skeleton with skull from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, a new ornithocheirid pterosaur: Boreopterus cuiae gen. et sp. nov. is erected. Boreopterus cuiae is different from other pterosaurs preserved with skulls known from the western liaoning Province and its neighboring areas. This new pterosaur has more and larger teeth than those in other ornithocheirids. Its anterior nine pairs of teeth are larger than other teeth. The fourth pair of upper and lower teeth are slightly larger than the third pair. Overall, Boreopterus cuiae shows much small range of tooth size variation than Anhanguera piscator and Coloborhynchus robustus. The new taxon shares with other ornithocherids in having a relatively large size of the third and fourth pairs of teeth.
基金supported by grants from the National Key Basic Research and Development Program(Grant 2006CB701405)the Basic Outlay of Scientific Research Work from the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China,the Natural Science Foundation of China(40872017).
文摘A new basal non-pterodactyloid pterosaur, Changchengopterus pani gen. et sp. nov., is erected, on the basis of a nearly complete postcranial skeleton. The new taxon is distinguished by relatively short extensions of the prezygapophyses, postzygapophyses and haemal arches of the caudal vertebrae; a humerus that has a subtriangular deltopectoral crest; limb elements that decrease in length in the following order： ulna〉 wing-phalange 2 〉 wing-phalange 3 = wing-phalange l〉humerus 〉tibia〉femur〉wing-metacarpal. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that Changchengopterus is a basal member of rhamphorhynchoids, and more closely related to Dorygnathus than to other rhamphorhychoids. The geological age of the Changchengopterus -bearing sediments is no latter than the end of the Late Jurassic and it is possible Middle Jurassic.
基金This study was a major science and technology project(Grant No:9501122)under the Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources.
文摘The pterosaur from the Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, ischaracterized by the medium-sized individual, short tail, presence of the gastralia, strongforelimbs, radius and ulna longer than wing-metacarpal, extremely narrow and elongatemetatarsals, degenerated and small phalanx V of hindlimb and so on. It must be a new genusand species, Eosipterus yangi gen. et sp. nov., in the early groups of the SuborderPterodactyloidea. This is the first record of pterosaurs found in Liaoning Province. The fossilprovides new evidence for further determining the nature and geological time of the JeholFauna and for studying the palaeogeography and palaeoenvironment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41272022)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for the Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences (No.JB1504) to Junchang Lü
文摘Pangupterus liui gen. et sp. nov. from the Jiufotang Formation of Sihedang, Lingyuan City, Liaoning Province is erected based on a nearly complete lower jaw. It is characterized by having a total of 36 slender curved teeth with sharp tips, forming a distinct fish-grabbing mechanism; the teeth are well-spaced and are circular in section; the length ratio of the mandibular symphysis to the whole jaw is 20%; and the ratio of the tooth root width to tooth length is 12%. Toothed pterosaurs make up about 56.3% of the pterosaur assemblage from the Jiufotang Formation, which indicates that toothed forms played a key role in the ecosystem.
基金provided by the projects CGL2010-16447/BTE,CGL2010-18851/BTE,CGL2009-12143/BTE of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (currently Ministerio de Economía y Comptetitividad,MINECO) of Spainby the research group IT-320-10 of the Gobierno Vasco/EJ (XPS)+1 种基金by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a sponsorship of renewed research stay in Germany (FK)by the protocol CN-04-226 of the Principado de Asturias/Universidad de Oviedo (JIR-O)
文摘Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from several individuals. The fossil-bearing bed is assigned to the lacustrine Leza Formation （eastern Cameros Basin, NW margin of the Iberian Range）. This unit is regarded as either Berriasian-Valanginian or Barremian-Aptian. Prejanopterus curvirostris （specific name emended） was originally diagnosed on the basis of several characters of which the most significant was a lateral curvature of the rostrum. Re-examination of the holotype （rostrum） and paratype （partial rostrum with teeth） indicates that there is no genuine sideways bend of the preserved premaxilla-maxilla segments, but a slight dorsal curvature. Prejanopterus is characterized by a unique combination of characters： an emended diagnosis is provided. In contrast with previous estimates, the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much （if ever） in excess of 2 m. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Prejanopterus is a basal pterodactyloid positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus- Gallodactylus. Prejanopterus represents the first evidence of Pterodactylidae in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.
文摘In the years since the first description of a pterosaur specimen in 1784, pterosaur research has inevitably advanced considerably. However the last decade has arguably seen a much greater increase in our knowledge than the preceding two centuries. Since the turn of the new millennium, more than 40 new pterosaur genera and species have been described and whole new clades have been discovered, in addition to much new data being developed on pterosaur anatomy, functional morphology, palaeobiology, systematics, ecology and more. We are perhaps at the start of a golden age of pterosaur research and much as the dinosaurs underwent a revolution in the 1970s through to the early 1990s, now the Pterosauria are taking their turn. There is also a new and wider interest in pterosaur work as it attracts both more researchers and greater public interest. Pterosaurs appear to be an increasingly popular aspect of paleontology in popular culture and of interest to the media, both mainstream and digital.
基金the Palaeontology Investment Fund committee for agreeing to fund my attendance at the 3rdInternational Symposium on Pterosaurs in Beijing
文摘The pterosaur collection at the Natural History Museum is of great historical importance. Most of the material is figured or cited, and several specimens are types or casts of types. Pterosaurs from UK localities are well represented, but foreign material is also present as original specimens and as high quality casts. The entire collection has been recorded in a database and curatorial improvements have been made, which has improved physical and virtual access to the collection. Although many of the specimens were collected as long ago as the early 1800s, they are still useful today. A full list of Natural History Museum pterosaur specimens is published, for the first time since 1888.
基金This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41872026,41688103)the China Geological Survey(DD20190008,DD20190602).
文摘A new dsungaripterid pterosaur,Ordosipterus planignathus gen.et sp.nov.,is established on the incomplete articulated lower jaws from the Lower Cretaceous Luohandong Formation in Otog Qi,Ordos Region,Inner Mongolia,China.It differs from other dsungaripterids mainly by having broad and low dentary at and just behind the mandibular symphysis,flat dentary dorsal plane forming the distinct lateral ridge with the curved dentary lateral side,and lower alveoli arranged along the dentary dorsolateral margin with wide spacing that increases from rostral to caudal.It represents the first diagnostic pterosaur from the Ordos Region in Inner Mongolia,and further enlarges the geographical distribution of the family Dsungaripteridae from northwestern China(together with western Mongolia)to central North China.
基金supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of the Spanish government (CGL2008-06533C03-01/02)the Departament de Cultura de la Generalitat de Catalunya
文摘Pterosaur bones are for the first time reported from the Tremp Syncline （Spain） and the southern Pyrenees. They come from the Torrebilles-2 site （Isona, Lleida Province） in the upper Maastrichtian part of the Tremp Formation, which falls within the C29r magnetochron. Fragmentary long bones are referred to the Pterosauria based on their cortical thinness, micro-architecture, and histological features. They belong to very large to possibly giant individuals. The most complete specimen is possibly a partial right femur. The review of the Maastrichtian pterosaur record shows that only a few specimens can be referred to the C29r （which contains the K/Pg boundary）. The identification of fragmentary remains could improve our knowledge about the abundance and distribution of these flying sauropsids just before the end-Cretaceous mass extinction.
