Single event effects of 1-T structure programmable read-only memory(PROM) devices fabricated with a 130-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductorbased thin/thick gate oxide anti-fuse process were investigated using h...Single event effects of 1-T structure programmable read-only memory(PROM) devices fabricated with a 130-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductorbased thin/thick gate oxide anti-fuse process were investigated using heavy ions and a picosecond pulsed laser. The cross sections of a single event upset(SEU) for radiationhardened PROMs were measured using a linear energy transfer(LET) ranging from 9.2 to 95.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1).The result indicated that the LET threshold for a dynamic bit upset was ～ 9 MeV cm^2mg^(-1), which was lower than the threshold of ～ 20 MeV cm^2mg^(-1) for an address counter upset owing to the additional triple modular redundancy structure present in the latch. In addition, a slight hard error was observed in the anti-fuse structure when employing209 Bi ions with extremely high LET values(～ 91.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1)) and large ion fluence(～ 1×10~8 ions cm^(-2)). To identify the detailed sensitive position of a SEU in PROMs, a pulsed laser with a 5-μm beam spot was used to scan the entire surface of the device.This revealed that the upset occurred in the peripheral circuits of the internal power source and I/O pairs rather than in the internal latches and buffers. This was subsequently confirmed by a ^(181)Ta experiment. Based on the experimental data and a rectangular parallelepiped model of the sensitive volume, the space error rates for the used PROMs were calculated using the CRèME-96 prediction tool. The results showed that this type of PROM was suitable for specific space applications, even in the geosynchronous orbit.展开更多
1T anti-fuse PROM fabricated by 0.13m silicon epitaxial process has a fast-read speed and a high storage density[1].8 and 16 MeVbit PROMs were irradiated by swift heavy ions for single event effect(SEE)evaluation at t...1T anti-fuse PROM fabricated by 0.13m silicon epitaxial process has a fast-read speed and a high storage density[1].8 and 16 MeVbit PROMs were irradiated by swift heavy ions for single event effect(SEE)evaluation at the terminal TR5 of the HIRFL.Testing results revealed that the PROMs have strong capacity to resist single event latch-up(SEL),because of anti-fuse mechanism and guard ring structures.No SEL phenomenon occurred during the testing.Additionally,Weibull function,as given below,was used to fit heavy-ion single event upset(SEU)cross-section statistics.展开更多
Patient reported outcome measures(PROMs)provide a valuable means of measuring outcomes subjectively from a patient's perspective,facilitating the assessment of service quality across healthcare providers,and assis...Patient reported outcome measures(PROMs)provide a valuable means of measuring outcomes subjectively from a patient's perspective,facilitating the assessment of service quality across healthcare providers,and assisting patients and clinicians in shared decision making.The primary aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise all historic studies evaluating patient reported quality of life,in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstones.The secondary aim was to perform a quality assessment of cholecystectomy-specific PROM-validation studies.A literature review was performed in PubMed,Google ScholarTM,the Cochrane Library,Medline,CINAHL,EMBASE and PsychINFO databases up to September 2017.Study characteristics,PROM-specific details and a bias assessment were summarised for non-validation studies.A COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments(COSMIN)analysis was performed to assess the methodological quality of identified PROM-validation studies.Fifty one studies were found to evaluate health-related quality of life(HRQoL)after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Although 94.1%of these studies included PROMs as a primary outcome measure,<20%provided level 1 evidence through randomised controlled trials(RCTs).There was significant variation in the selection and reporting of PROMs,with no studies declaring patient involvement in PROM selection,and 88.2%of studies failing to document the management of missing data points,or non-returned surveys(33.3%).In the 6 PROM-validation studies identified,only 5 psychometric properties were evaluated,the findings of which were limited due to the small number of studies.This systematic review identifies a lack in consistency of study design and PRO reporting in clinical trials.Whilst an increasing number of studies are being performed to evaluate PROs,a lack of adherence to existing PRO administration and reporting guidelines is continuing to negatively affect study quality.We recommend that future clinical trials utilizing PROs should adhere to established comprehensive guidelines as described.展开更多
in a modern,fast-paced world so tuned in to technology,a bittersweet yearning for a simpler time is no strange sensation.Even though the latest gadgets in many ways improve our lives,our constant digital distractions ...in a modern,fast-paced world so tuned in to technology,a bittersweet yearning for a simpler time is no strange sensation.Even though the latest gadgets in many ways improve our lives,our constant digital distractions can push us to long for ail age before iPhones served as an extension of ourselves and LCD-lit screens a main source of entertainment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegra...BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegration and enhances implant stability.However,there is a lack of evidence in the literature on the use of this material in patients with femoral neck fracture.AIM To evaluate the short-term clinical-functional and radiographic outcomes in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA)with Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cup implants.METHODS The study included 104 patients with medial femoral neck fractures who underwent THA between January 2020 and December 2020 with the Delta TT acetabular cup(Lima Corporate,Villanova di San Daniele del Friuli,Italy).The mean age of the patients was 69.57±10.16 years(range:36-85 years).The followup period ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 4 years.Three questionnaires(Harris Hip Score,Oxford Hip Score,and EQ5D)were administered along with radiographic evaluations.Statistical methods included the Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance for comparisons(with significance set at 0.05),and the Kaplan-Meier curve for prosthetic implant survival.RESULTS The mean follow-up was 41.5 months.The Harris Hip Score(HHS)showed a mean increase of 2.74 points(mean HHS 88.52 at 6 months postoperatively and mean HHS 91.26 at the last follow-up)with statistical significance.Similarly,the Oxford Hip Score demonstrated a statistically significant difference between follow-up groups.However,the EQ5D did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups(preoperative,6-month follow-up,and last follow-up).Revision surgery was required in 6 patients.According to Moore's criteria,96%of the acetabular components were radiographically stable and well-integrated at the last follow-up.The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a 96%survival rate.CONCLUSION The clinical and radiographic results obtained in the short to medium term confirm the excellent performance of the Delta TT acetabular cup in terms of osseointegration,providing an optimal solution both for young patients with high functional recovery demands and for fragile patients requiring optimal stability of the acetabular component to reduce the risk of implant failure.展开更多
从运行日志挖掘业务流程模型的流程挖掘方法研究方兴未艾,然而,复杂多变的运行环境使流程日志也不可避免地呈现出多样性.传统的流程挖掘算法各有其适用对象,因此,如何挑选适合多样性流程日志的流程挖掘算法成为了一项挑战.提出一种适用...从运行日志挖掘业务流程模型的流程挖掘方法研究方兴未艾,然而,复杂多变的运行环境使流程日志也不可避免地呈现出多样性.传统的流程挖掘算法各有其适用对象,因此,如何挑选适合多样性流程日志的流程挖掘算法成为了一项挑战.提出一种适用于多样性环境的业务流程挖掘方法 So Fi(survival of fittest integrator).该方法基于领域知识对日志进行分类,使用多种现有的挖掘算法对每一类子日志产生一组流程模型作为遗传算法的初始种群,借助遗传算法的优化能力,从中整合得到高质量的业务流程模型.针对模拟日志和某通信公司真实日志的实验结果表明:相对于任何单一的挖掘算法,So Fi产生的流程模型具有更高的综合质量,即重现度、精确度、通用性和简单性.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11690041,11805244,and 11675233)the Opening Project of Science and Technology on Reliability Physics and Application Technology of the Electronic Component Laboratory(No.ZHD 201604)
文摘Single event effects of 1-T structure programmable read-only memory(PROM) devices fabricated with a 130-nm complementary metal oxide semiconductorbased thin/thick gate oxide anti-fuse process were investigated using heavy ions and a picosecond pulsed laser. The cross sections of a single event upset(SEU) for radiationhardened PROMs were measured using a linear energy transfer(LET) ranging from 9.2 to 95.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1).The result indicated that the LET threshold for a dynamic bit upset was ～ 9 MeV cm^2mg^(-1), which was lower than the threshold of ～ 20 MeV cm^2mg^(-1) for an address counter upset owing to the additional triple modular redundancy structure present in the latch. In addition, a slight hard error was observed in the anti-fuse structure when employing209 Bi ions with extremely high LET values(～ 91.6 MeV cm^2mg^(-1)) and large ion fluence(～ 1×10~8 ions cm^(-2)). To identify the detailed sensitive position of a SEU in PROMs, a pulsed laser with a 5-μm beam spot was used to scan the entire surface of the device.This revealed that the upset occurred in the peripheral circuits of the internal power source and I/O pairs rather than in the internal latches and buffers. This was subsequently confirmed by a ^(181)Ta experiment. Based on the experimental data and a rectangular parallelepiped model of the sensitive volume, the space error rates for the used PROMs were calculated using the CRèME-96 prediction tool. The results showed that this type of PROM was suitable for specific space applications, even in the geosynchronous orbit.
文摘1T anti-fuse PROM fabricated by 0.13m silicon epitaxial process has a fast-read speed and a high storage density[1].8 and 16 MeVbit PROMs were irradiated by swift heavy ions for single event effect(SEE)evaluation at the terminal TR5 of the HIRFL.Testing results revealed that the PROMs have strong capacity to resist single event latch-up(SEL),because of anti-fuse mechanism and guard ring structures.No SEL phenomenon occurred during the testing.Additionally,Weibull function,as given below,was used to fit heavy-ion single event upset(SEU)cross-section statistics.
基金the Medical Research Council(grant number MR/K00414X/1)ArthritisResearch UK[grant number 19891].Prita Daliya is a recipient of a Research Fellowship funded by the Royal College of Surgeons of England and EIDO Healthcare Limited.
文摘Patient reported outcome measures(PROMs)provide a valuable means of measuring outcomes subjectively from a patient's perspective,facilitating the assessment of service quality across healthcare providers,and assisting patients and clinicians in shared decision making.The primary aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise all historic studies evaluating patient reported quality of life,in adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstones.The secondary aim was to perform a quality assessment of cholecystectomy-specific PROM-validation studies.A literature review was performed in PubMed,Google ScholarTM,the Cochrane Library,Medline,CINAHL,EMBASE and PsychINFO databases up to September 2017.Study characteristics,PROM-specific details and a bias assessment were summarised for non-validation studies.A COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments(COSMIN)analysis was performed to assess the methodological quality of identified PROM-validation studies.Fifty one studies were found to evaluate health-related quality of life(HRQoL)after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Although 94.1%of these studies included PROMs as a primary outcome measure,<20%provided level 1 evidence through randomised controlled trials(RCTs).There was significant variation in the selection and reporting of PROMs,with no studies declaring patient involvement in PROM selection,and 88.2%of studies failing to document the management of missing data points,or non-returned surveys(33.3%).In the 6 PROM-validation studies identified,only 5 psychometric properties were evaluated,the findings of which were limited due to the small number of studies.This systematic review identifies a lack in consistency of study design and PRO reporting in clinical trials.Whilst an increasing number of studies are being performed to evaluate PROs,a lack of adherence to existing PRO administration and reporting guidelines is continuing to negatively affect study quality.We recommend that future clinical trials utilizing PROs should adhere to established comprehensive guidelines as described.
文摘in a modern,fast-paced world so tuned in to technology,a bittersweet yearning for a simpler time is no strange sensation.Even though the latest gadgets in many ways improve our lives,our constant digital distractions can push us to long for ail age before iPhones served as an extension of ourselves and LCD-lit screens a main source of entertainment.
文摘BACKGROUND Clinical studies using Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cups have shown promising short and medium-term results.This material,due to its macro and micro surface roughness,provides a substrate for osseointegration and enhances implant stability.However,there is a lack of evidence in the literature on the use of this material in patients with femoral neck fracture.AIM To evaluate the short-term clinical-functional and radiographic outcomes in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing total hip arthroplasty(THA)with Trabecular Titanium™acetabular cup implants.METHODS The study included 104 patients with medial femoral neck fractures who underwent THA between January 2020 and December 2020 with the Delta TT acetabular cup(Lima Corporate,Villanova di San Daniele del Friuli,Italy).The mean age of the patients was 69.57±10.16 years(range:36-85 years).The followup period ranged from a minimum of 3 to a maximum of 4 years.Three questionnaires(Harris Hip Score,Oxford Hip Score,and EQ5D)were administered along with radiographic evaluations.Statistical methods included the Student's t-test and one-way analysis of variance for comparisons(with significance set at 0.05),and the Kaplan-Meier curve for prosthetic implant survival.RESULTS The mean follow-up was 41.5 months.The Harris Hip Score(HHS)showed a mean increase of 2.74 points(mean HHS 88.52 at 6 months postoperatively and mean HHS 91.26 at the last follow-up)with statistical significance.Similarly,the Oxford Hip Score demonstrated a statistically significant difference between follow-up groups.However,the EQ5D did not show statistically significant differences among the three groups(preoperative,6-month follow-up,and last follow-up).Revision surgery was required in 6 patients.According to Moore's criteria,96%of the acetabular components were radiographically stable and well-integrated at the last follow-up.The Kaplan-Meier curve showed a 96%survival rate.CONCLUSION The clinical and radiographic results obtained in the short to medium term confirm the excellent performance of the Delta TT acetabular cup in terms of osseointegration,providing an optimal solution both for young patients with high functional recovery demands and for fragile patients requiring optimal stability of the acetabular component to reduce the risk of implant failure.
文摘从运行日志挖掘业务流程模型的流程挖掘方法研究方兴未艾,然而,复杂多变的运行环境使流程日志也不可避免地呈现出多样性.传统的流程挖掘算法各有其适用对象,因此,如何挑选适合多样性流程日志的流程挖掘算法成为了一项挑战.提出一种适用于多样性环境的业务流程挖掘方法 So Fi(survival of fittest integrator).该方法基于领域知识对日志进行分类,使用多种现有的挖掘算法对每一类子日志产生一组流程模型作为遗传算法的初始种群,借助遗传算法的优化能力,从中整合得到高质量的业务流程模型.针对模拟日志和某通信公司真实日志的实验结果表明:相对于任何单一的挖掘算法,So Fi产生的流程模型具有更高的综合质量,即重现度、精确度、通用性和简单性.
