Ports are crucial to the economy of many nations;thus, numerous studies have been conducted on port efficiency and productivity. This study analyses the efficiency and productivity of some major global ports namely, P...Ports are crucial to the economy of many nations;thus, numerous studies have been conducted on port efficiency and productivity. This study analyses the efficiency and productivity of some major global ports namely, Port of Singapore, Rotterdam, Antwerp and Durban. The main objectives of this study are to determine the level of operational efficiency of the mentioned ports, measure and evaluate the ports’ productivity changes and lastly to investigate the factors influencing the productivity changes of the ports studied. To achieve these objectives, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA-BCC) model was used to determine the technical and operational efficiencies of the ports and Malmquist productivity index was employed to calculate the various productivity levels. The results of the study can guide stakeholders to formulate their operational strategies for port efficiency and productivity. The study also has policy suggestions that are uniquely targeted to Africa’s issues and potential.展开更多
Bangladesh’s principal grain,rice,is essential to the nation’s agricultural economy and food security.In light of the obstacles and possibilities for increasing domestic output,this study looks at Bangladesh’s food...Bangladesh’s principal grain,rice,is essential to the nation’s agricultural economy and food security.In light of the obstacles and possibilities for increasing domestic output,this study looks at Bangladesh’s food productivity and degree of self-sufficiency in rice production.Even though the nation has made significant progress in rice production,problems including population growth,land degradation,climate change,and poor infrastructure still have an impact on total productivity.To examine the trajectory of Bangladesh’s agricultural sector from 1973 to 2023 through the following economic lenses:agricultural input use,GDP contribution,employment rate,trade trends,critical development indicators,and domestic rice demand and production.The data were chosen based on their accessibility,geographical context,relevance to the study’s aims,and time constraints.According to this study,rice production increased from 9.9 million tons in 1973 to 39.1 million tons in 2023,demonstrating the nation’s continuous efforts to increase agricultural output to satisfy rising market demand.展开更多
Burundi faces major agricultural constraints, including land fragmentation, soil erosion, limited access to inputs, inadequate infrastructure and demographic pressures that exacerbate food insecurity. In order to addr...Burundi faces major agricultural constraints, including land fragmentation, soil erosion, limited access to inputs, inadequate infrastructure and demographic pressures that exacerbate food insecurity. In order to address the multiple challenges faced by farmers in rural areas, a study on improving agricultural productivity and food security in Burundi through optimized land use and diversified farming practices in agroforestry systems has been carried out. The study area is the communes of Giheta and Rutegama, all located in Burundi’s humid plateau livelihood zone, and involved 164 households grouped in coffee growing cooperatives supervised by the cooperative consortium COCOCA. The study uses a mathematical programming model to determine optimal crop selection based on factors such as production costs, yields and market demand. The findings of the study revealed significant insights into the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sampled population. Notably, 98.8% of respondents were engaged in agriculture, confirming the predominantly agricultural nature of Burundi. The results indicated that maize is the most important crop, occupying 33.9% of the average total cultivated area, followed by cassava at 26.5% and bananas at 19.4%. Together, these three crops accounted for a substantial portion of the total cultivated area, highlighting their significance in local agriculture. Beans and potatoes also play a role, occupying 14.4% and smaller areas, respectively. In terms of profitability, the study provides a detailed analysis of profit margins by crop. Bananas emerges as the most profitable crop, with a profit margin of 97.3%, followed closely by cassava at 96.1% and rice at 90.5%. These crops not only offered substantial yields relative to their production costs but also benefited from strong market demand. Other crops, such as beans (71.3%), coffee (70.3%), and vegetables (54.5%), also demonstrated considerable profitability, although they occupied smaller cultivated areas. Conversely, crops like pigeon peas (4.1%), potatoes (7.6%), and sweet potatoes (7.6%) exhibited the lowest profit margins, which may discourage farmers from investing in them unless other incentives, such as ecological benefits or local consumption needs, are present. Regarding the results, we therefore recommend to promote policies supporting agroforestry, improve market access and develop infrastructure to exploit these benefits.展开更多
The symbiotic relationships between trees and different mycorrhizal fungi affect the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships within forest communities,particularly across different strata from the understorey...The symbiotic relationships between trees and different mycorrhizal fungi affect the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships within forest communities,particularly across different strata from the understorey to the overstorey.However,current research on this relationship has not yet reached a definitive conclusion.In this study,we used regression analyses and structural equation modelling based on a 9-ha mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forest plot to explore the effects of different types of mycorrhizal fungi(arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)fungi)on the relationship between tree species diversity and productivity.The study found that the dominance and productivity of AM species increased in the understorey with increasing soil nutrients,whereas the productivity of EM species declined despite increasing diversity.In the overstorey,the productivity of AM species continued to increase with increasing soil nutrients,while that of EM species decreased due to increased competition.As for diversity-productivity relationships(DPRs),in the understorey,both AM and EM tree species demonstrated a positive DPR,suggesting the presence of the niche complementarity effect.In the overstorey,AM species continue to exhibit positive DPR due to their competitive advantage in nutrient-rich environments.In contrast,EM species exhibit negative DPR due to increased competition or less efficient resource use.Additionally,slope influenced forest productivity indirectly by altering the accumulation and distribution of soil nutrients,thereby affecting species distribution and growth conditions.This indirect effect highlights the potential negative impact of slope on soil nutrients within forest ecosystems,as well as its influence on the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions.The study reveals how AM and EM trees influence forest productivity through distinct adaptability and competitive strategies across different forest strata,with a particular emphasis on the strata-dependent effects of mycorrhizal association on DPRs.This finding offers a new perspective on how mycorrhizal types modulate the complex relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions across various strata in temperate forests.展开更多
Selecting an appropriate planting density is an effective way to improve crop water productivity(WPC).However, there is a lack of research on the balance between evapotranspiration(ET) partitioning, water consumption,...Selecting an appropriate planting density is an effective way to improve crop water productivity(WPC).However, there is a lack of research on the balance between evapotranspiration(ET) partitioning, water consumption, and grain production under different summer maize planting densities. To close this knowledge gap, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the North China Plain(NCP) to reveal the effects of different planting densities(HD: 100,000 plants ha^(-1);MD: 78,000 plants ha^(-1);LD:56,000 plants ha^(-1)) on ET partitioning, grain yield, and water productivity of summer maize. The water-heat-carbon-nitrogen simulator(WHCNS) model was employed to calculate ET partitioning and perform scenario simulation after calibration and validation. The results showed that compared to the LD treatment, ET of the summer maize and grain yield in the MD and HD treatments significantly increased. Model simulations showed that the ratio of evaporation to ET ranged from 25.6% to 30.7%and reduced as increasing planting densities. Increasing planting density enhanced total transpiration of summer maize more than 20 mm, comparing to LD treatment, and the most significant differences between various planting densities appeared at the mid-growth stage(August 1 to 31). Scenario simulations indicated that grain yield and WPCof summer maize were consistently higher in wet and normal years compared to drought years, exhibiting a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing planting density. The highest grain yield and WPCof summer maize were observed at a planting density of approximately 80,000 plants ha^(-1). The results provide theoretical support for selecting a summer maize planting density and effectively utilizing agricultural water in the NCP.展开更多
Grassland is a key component of the ecosystem in the Qinghai Lake Basin,China.Understanding the effects of climate change and human activities on grassland productivity significantly improves ecological conservation a...Grassland is a key component of the ecosystem in the Qinghai Lake Basin,China.Understanding the effects of climate change and human activities on grassland productivity significantly improves ecological conservation and promotes sustainable vegetation growth in this area.Based on the net primary productivity(NPP)products of MOD17A3HGF(a moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)product that provides annual NPP at 500 m resolution)and meteorological data,we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of grassland NPP and its interaction with climate factors in the Qinghai Lake Basin from 2001 to 2022 via partial correlation and trend analysis methods.We also used the deflecting trend residual method and scenario analysis method to quantitatively assess the relative contributions of climatic factors and human activities to grassland NPP.The results revealed that:(1)during the past 22 a,grassland NPP increased considerably,with a gradient change from the northwest to the southeast of the study area;(2)sunshine duration,precipitation,and temperature positively influenced grassland NPP,with sunshine duration exerting a stronger effect on grassland NPP than precipitation and temperature;and(3)98.47%of the grassland in the study area was restored,with an average contribution of 65.00%from human activities and 35.00%from climatic alterations.Compared with climate change,human-induced factors had a greater effect on grassland NPP in this area.The results of the study not only provide important scientific support for ecological restoration and sustainable development of the basin but also offer new ideas for research on similar ecologically fragile areas.展开更多
Integrating sprinkler with deficit irrigation system is a new approach to improve crop water productivity and ensure water and food security in arid areas of India.This study undertook a field experiment of sprinkler-...Integrating sprinkler with deficit irrigation system is a new approach to improve crop water productivity and ensure water and food security in arid areas of India.This study undertook a field experiment of sprinkler-irrigated cumin(variety GC-4)with a mini-lysimeter setup at an experimental research farm in Jodhpur,India during 2019-2022.Four irrigation treatments T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),and T4 were designed at irrigation water/cumulative pan evaporation(IW/CPE)of 1.0,0.8,0.6,and 0.4,respectively,with three replications.Daily actual crop evapotranspiration(ETc)was recorded and weekly soil moisture was monitored over the crop growth period.Quantities of applied water and drainage from mini-lysimeters were also measured at every irrigation event.Yield of cumin was recorded at crop maturity.Furthermore,change in farmer's net income from 1-hm2 land was computed based on the cost of applying irrigation water and considering yield variations among the treatments.Results indicated the highest mean seasonal actual ETc(371.7 mm)and cumin yield(952.47 kg/hm2)under T_(1)(with full irrigation).Under T_(2),T_(3),and T4,the seasonal actual ETc decreased by 10.4%,27.6%,and 41.3%,respectively,while yield declined by 5.0%,28.4%,and 50.8%,respectively,as compared to the values under T_(1).Furthermore,crop water productivity of 0.272(±0.068)kg/m3 under T_(2)was found relatively higher in comparison to other irrigation treatments,indicating that T_(2)can achieve improved water productivity of cumin in arid areas at an optimum level of deficit irrigation.The results of cost-economics indicated that positive change in farmer's net income from 1-hm2 land was 108.82 USD under T_(2),while T_(3)and T4 showed net losses of 5.33 and 209.67 USD,respectively.Moreover,value of yield response factor and ratio of relative yield reductions to relative ETc deficits were found to be less than 1.00 under T_(2)(0.48),and more than 1.00 under T_(3)(1.07)and T4(1.23).This finding further supports that T_(2)shows the optimized level of deficit irrigation that saves 20.0%of water with sacrificing 5.0%yield in the arid areas of India.Findings of this study provide useful strategies to save irrigation water,bring additional area under irrigation,and improve crop water productivity in India and other similar arid areas in the world.展开更多
In the new era,the impact of emerging productive forces has permeated every sector of industry.As the core production factor of these forces,data plays a pivotal role in industrial transformation and social developmen...In the new era,the impact of emerging productive forces has permeated every sector of industry.As the core production factor of these forces,data plays a pivotal role in industrial transformation and social development.Consequently,many domestic universities have introduced majors or courses related to big data.Among these,the Big Data Management and Applications major stands out for its interdisciplinary approach and emphasis on practical skills.However,as an emerging field,it has not yet accumulated a robust foundation in teaching theory and practice.Current instructional practices face issues such as unclear training objectives,inconsistent teaching methods and course content,insufficient integration of practical components,and a shortage of qualified faculty-factors that hinder both the development of the major and the overall quality of education.Taking the statistics course within the Big Data Management and Applications major as an example,this paper examines the challenges faced by statistics education in the context of emerging productive forces and proposes corresponding improvement measures.By introducing innovative teaching concepts and strategies,the teaching system for professional courses is optimized,and authentic classroom scenarios are recreated through illustrative examples.Questionnaire surveys and statistical analyses of data collected before and after the teaching reforms indicate that the curriculum changes effectively enhance instructional outcomes,promote the development of the major,and improve the quality of talent cultivation.展开更多
Drought significantly constrains vegetation growth and reduces terrestrial carbon sinks.Currently,the spatiotemporal patterns and mechanisms of the differential impacts of soil and meteorological droughts on vegetatio...Drought significantly constrains vegetation growth and reduces terrestrial carbon sinks.Currently,the spatiotemporal patterns and mechanisms of the differential impacts of soil and meteorological droughts on vegetation productivity remain inadequately understood.In this study,we analyzed soil moisture(SM),vapor pressure deficit(VPD),and gross primary productivity(GPP)to investigate their spatiotemporal patterns and the combined effects on GPP over China.The results revealed that:(1)Soil drought and meteorological drought generally exhibited temporally synchronous trends across China.(2)GPP was predominantly affected by the combined and synchronous effects of both SM and VPD,although their effects displayed directional variability differences in certain regions.(3)SM demonstrated a greater relative importance on GPP than VPD across more than half of the regions in China,whereas deciduous broadleaf forests were the only vegetation type primarily affected by VPD.(4)Under the lag effects,both SM and VPD exhibited bidirectional Granger causality with GPP,with the interaction between VPD and GPP proving more pronounced than that of SM.Our research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms through which SM and VPD influence GPP,contributing to improved predictions vegetation productivity and implementing ecological restoration.展开更多
With the rapid development of new quality productivity and the in-depth advancement of digital transformation,vocational college libraries,as important supporting institutions for teaching and research,are facing the ...With the rapid development of new quality productivity and the in-depth advancement of digital transformation,vocational college libraries,as important supporting institutions for teaching and research,are facing the dual challenges of service model transformation and capacity improvement.Based on the changes in the demand for digital academic services under the background of new quality productivity,this paper systematically analyzes the current situation and problems of the digital academic service capabilities of librarians in vocational colleges,constructs a capability model including four dimensions:cognitive attitude,knowledge reserve,skill application,and communication and sharing,and proposes capability improvement strategies from aspects such as organizational incentives,professional training,service innovation,and technical support.Research shows that librarians in vocational colleges need to comprehensively enhance their digital academic service capabilities through paths such as concept renewal,skill strengthening,service transformation,and environment optimization,in order to adapt to the demands of educational reform in the era of new quality productivity.展开更多
This study aimed to model and identify the most productive cutting methods of tree plantations by comparing a forward felling technique(C)with sideways techniques outside(A and D)or inside cutting edge(B and E).Drone ...This study aimed to model and identify the most productive cutting methods of tree plantations by comparing a forward felling technique(C)with sideways techniques outside(A and D)or inside cutting edge(B and E).Drone video material of each tree was analyzed by comparing time distribution of work phases.The relation between this input data and harvester production data was analyzed by regression models.A quadratic model predicted productiv-ity precisely(R^(2)=0.95)and explained the effective-hour productivity in cutting cycle with dummy variables of har-vesting conditions.The productivity was explained by tree size and cutting cycle time,while effects of operator and harvester were eliminated by statistical analysis.In loblolly pine(Pinus taeda L.)plantations on flat terrain,cutting method B was 4.8 m3/E0h(effective working hour)more productive than method A,and 6.7 m^(3)/E0h than method C.In Sydney blue gum(Eucalyptus saligna Sm.)plantations,cutting method E was 1.8 m^(3)/E0h more productive than cut-ting method D on sloping terrain.Of the time-cycle vari-ables,time consumption of the“moving of tree”changed significantly between the cutting methods,of which the ones that used the sideways felling technique inside cutting edge were most efficient.This quadratic modeling structure can be recommended for precise studies in similar harvesting conditions.展开更多
Green technology innovation has gradually become an important driving force to promote new quality productivity.This paper constructs a quantitative index system of new quality productivity based on the three major el...Green technology innovation has gradually become an important driving force to promote new quality productivity.This paper constructs a quantitative index system of new quality productivity based on the three major elements of workers,labour objects and labour tools,and empirically analyses the impact of green technology innovation on the level of new quality productivity using spatial econometric model and VAR model.The result shows that:(1)The level of new quality productivity is not only affected by its own factors,but also by the significant spatial spillover effect between regions,especially in the case of strong geographic proximity,the interregional economic activities and resource allocation have a strong interaction and dependence.(2)The direct effect of green technology innovation is negative,mainly due to the high R&D investment and the short-term cost increase brought about by technological transformation,but its indirect effect is positive,showing that green technology has a positive effect on the new quality productivity enhancement of neighbouring regions through technology diffusion and cooperative innovation.(3)The eastern and western regions are affected by high upfront costs and transformation challenges,showing negative effects;while the central and northeastern regions benefit from policy support and industrial upgrading,showing positive effects.(4)Impulse response function analysis shows that the short-term impact of green technological innovation on new quality productivity is negative,but the long-term potential is significant,and the negative effect gradually diminishes over time.Based on this,this paper puts forward the suggestions of optimising the green innovation input structure,formulating regional differentiated policies and strengthening regional synergistic cooperation,which provide the theoretical basis and practical path for realising the green transformation and high-quality development of the economy.展开更多
The continuous innovation and widespread application of digital technology have expedited the transformation of productivity and presented an opportunity to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Digital new qualit...The continuous innovation and widespread application of digital technology have expedited the transformation of productivity and presented an opportunity to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Digital new quality productivity,characterized by the integration of advanced technologies,innovative business models,a new economic framework,and ongoing innovation,stands as a superior production factor.It plays a crucial role in fostering high-quality economic growth and leading efforts to meet the“dual carbon”objectives.Using panel data from Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2022,this study employs various econometric models to empirically examine the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission reduction.The findings reveal that:(1)There exists a significant U-shaped nonlinear relationship between digital new quality productivity and carbon emission performance,with an inflection point at 0.2750.(2)Dual objective constraints significantly moderate the relationship between digital new productivity and carbon emission performance.Setting moderate economic growth targets positively influences the effect of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance.(3)The impact of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance varies considerably based on factors such as urban location,city size,resource endowment,and specific city characteristics.It is essential to focus on nurturing digital new quality productivity,exploring the integration of balanced economic growth objectives with environmental goals,and effectively leveraging the environmental benefits derived from the advancement of digital new quality productivity tailored to local contexts.展开更多
Net primary productivity(NPP)is the net accumulation of organic matter by vegetation through photosynthesis and serves as a key indicator for exploring vegetation responses to climate change.Considering the remote and...Net primary productivity(NPP)is the net accumulation of organic matter by vegetation through photosynthesis and serves as a key indicator for exploring vegetation responses to climate change.Considering the remote and local impacts of soil heat capacities on vegetation growth through pathways of atmospheric circulation and land–atmosphere interaction,this paper develops a statistical prediction model for NPP from April to June(AMJ)across the middle-to-high latitudes of Eurasia.The model introduces two physically meaningful predictors:the snow water equivalent(SWE)from February to March(FM)over central Europe and the FM local soil temperature(ST).The positive phase of FM SWE triggers anomalous eastward-propagating Rossby waves,leading to an anomalous low-pressure system and cooling in the middle-to-high latitudes of Eurasia.This effect persists into spring through snow feedback to the atmosphere and affects subsequent NPP changes.The ST is closely related to the AMJ temperature and precipitation.With positive ST anomalies,the AMJ temperature and precipitation exhibit an east–west dipole anomaly distribution in this region.The single-factor prediction scheme using ST as the predictor is much better than using SWE as the predictor.Independent validation results from 2009 to 2014 demonstrate that the ST scheme alone has good predictive performance for the spatial distribution and interannual variability of NPP.The predictive skills of the multi-factor prediction schemes can be improved by about 13%if the ST predictor is included.The findings confirm that local ST is a predictor that must be included for NPP prediction.展开更多
The new quality productivity is the productivity driving high-tech,which has the ability to empower the future emerging industries with foresight.Therefore,the theoretical perspective of new quality productivity studi...The new quality productivity is the productivity driving high-tech,which has the ability to empower the future emerging industries with foresight.Therefore,the theoretical perspective of new quality productivity studies the soul and countermeasures of Chinese science and technology enterprises has far-reaching theoretical and practical significance.This study primarily focuses on the following three aspects:First,in the digital age,understanding the challenges and issues faced by traditional tech companies due to new quality productivity,exploring organizational innovation mechanisms applicable to tech enterprises to guide their development direction;Second,researching the intrinsic driving relationship between new quality productivity and the organizational innovation capabilities of tech enterprises,redefining the soul of tech enterprise organizations to enhance organizational combat effectiveness,cohesion,and vitality;Finally,using the DT provincial branch as a case study,discussing how new quality productivity shapes the soul of organizational culture in tech enterprises,enhancing organizational capabilities,strengthening internal collaboration,promoting agile,flexible,and efficient operations,and accelerating innovation,efficiency,and value creation in tech enterprises.展开更多
Smart cities,a new kind of urbanization,offer a means of achieving the condition in which environmental conservation and economic growth are mutually beneficial.As a result,it is important to think about whether and h...Smart cities,a new kind of urbanization,offer a means of achieving the condition in which environmental conservation and economic growth are mutually beneficial.As a result,it is important to think about whether and how the development of smart cities might support the high-quality growth of urban economies.Based on the panel data of 163 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009–2018,the green total factor productivity(GTFP)of each prefecture-level city is measured using the SBM-GML model,and the appropriate spatial econometric model is screened by various types of tests.The spatial effect of smart city construction on GFTP is studied,and it is concluded that the pilot cities have a significant positive spatial spillover effect.The decomposition econometric model also shows that the pilot cities have a significant positive spatial spillover effect,and it also indicating that the smart city construction can also drive the surrounding cities to jointly improve the quality of economic development.Finally,the robustness of the spatial effect of smart city policy is also verified by changing the spatial measurement model and the type of spatial weight matrix,which also shows that the results of the spatial spillover effect of smart city construction are reliable.展开更多
Firm-level productivity analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding the micro-foundations of economic growth,industrial competitiveness,and efficient resource allocation.This comprehensive review synthesizes an...Firm-level productivity analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding the micro-foundations of economic growth,industrial competitiveness,and efficient resource allocation.This comprehensive review synthesizes and critically evaluates the primary statistical and econometric methodologies employed in the measurement and analysis of productivity at the firm level.We systematically delineate the evolution from traditional parametric techniques,such as production function estimation and Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA),to non-parametric approaches,including Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)and the Malmquist Productivity Index.A significant focus is placed on addressing pervasive micro-level challenges,notably firm heterogeneity,measurement error,and endogeneity biases,which are endemic to firm-level data.The paper further explores recent methodological innovations,highlighting the integration of machine learning,quantile regression,and network analysis into the productivity research arsenal.By providing a structured guide for selecting and applying appropriate statistical tools,this review aims to equip researchers with the knowledge to conduct robust micro-level productivity analyses.Finally,we outline promising future research trajectories,emphasizing the potential of novel data sources and computational methods to deepen our understanding of productivity determinants.展开更多
Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefit...Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefits of two calibrations of the Nutrient Expert(NE)tool for rice in Sri Lanka’s Alfisols:the basic calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 1,NESL1)and the comprehensive calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 2,NESL2).NESL1 was developed by adapting the South Indian version of NE to local conditions,while NESL2 was an updated version,using three years of data from 71 farmer fields.展开更多
The development of new quality productivity has set new requirements for vocational education.Vocational colleges need to integrate ideological and political education into professional courses to cultivate high-quali...The development of new quality productivity has set new requirements for vocational education.Vocational colleges need to integrate ideological and political education into professional courses to cultivate high-quality talents with both technical capabilities and political literacy.This paper analyzes the connotation of new quality productivity and its reshaping of vocational education,explores the challenges faced by the educational mechanism of Curriculumbased Political and Ideological Education(CPIE),and proposes a“three-dimensional synergy”practical pathway.That is,to effectively promote CPIE through three dimensions:the deep integration of cases with professional content,the enhancement of teaching effects using digitization,and the optimization of the course evaluation system.It aims to provide theoretical support and practical references for the reform of ideological and political education in vocational colleges.展开更多
Studying the spatiotemporal variation and driving mechanisms of vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration(GPUA)of China is highly important for regional green and low-carbon de...Studying the spatiotemporal variation and driving mechanisms of vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration(GPUA)of China is highly important for regional green and low-carbon development.This study used the Theil-Sen trend analysis,Mann-Kendall trend test,coefficient of variation,Hurst index,and machine learning method(eXtreme Gradient Boosting and SHapley Additive exPlanations(XGBoost-SHAP))to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of NPP in the GPUA from 2001 to 2020 and reveal its response to climate change and human activities.The results found that during 2001-2020,the averageNPP in the GPUA showed a significant upward trend,with an annual growth rate of 10.84 g C/(m^(2)•a).The multi-year average NPP in the GPUA was 484.83 g C/(m^(2)•a),with higher values in the southwestern Qinling Mountains and lower values in the central and northeastern cropland and built-up areas.The average coefficient of variation of NPP in the GPUA was 0.14,indicating a relatively stable state overall,but 72.72%of the study area showed weak anti-persistence,suggesting that NPP in most areas may have declined in the short term.According to XGBoost-SHAP analyses,elevation,land use type and precipitation were identified as the main driving factors of NPP.Appropriate precipitation and higher temperatures promote NPP growth,whereas extreme climates,high population density,and nighttime lighting inhibit NPP.This study has important theoretical and practical significance for achieving regional sustainable development,offers a scientific basis for formulating effective ecological protection and restoration strategies,and promotes green,coordinated,and sustainable development in the GPUA.展开更多
文摘Ports are crucial to the economy of many nations;thus, numerous studies have been conducted on port efficiency and productivity. This study analyses the efficiency and productivity of some major global ports namely, Port of Singapore, Rotterdam, Antwerp and Durban. The main objectives of this study are to determine the level of operational efficiency of the mentioned ports, measure and evaluate the ports’ productivity changes and lastly to investigate the factors influencing the productivity changes of the ports studied. To achieve these objectives, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA-BCC) model was used to determine the technical and operational efficiencies of the ports and Malmquist productivity index was employed to calculate the various productivity levels. The results of the study can guide stakeholders to formulate their operational strategies for port efficiency and productivity. The study also has policy suggestions that are uniquely targeted to Africa’s issues and potential.
文摘Bangladesh’s principal grain,rice,is essential to the nation’s agricultural economy and food security.In light of the obstacles and possibilities for increasing domestic output,this study looks at Bangladesh’s food productivity and degree of self-sufficiency in rice production.Even though the nation has made significant progress in rice production,problems including population growth,land degradation,climate change,and poor infrastructure still have an impact on total productivity.To examine the trajectory of Bangladesh’s agricultural sector from 1973 to 2023 through the following economic lenses:agricultural input use,GDP contribution,employment rate,trade trends,critical development indicators,and domestic rice demand and production.The data were chosen based on their accessibility,geographical context,relevance to the study’s aims,and time constraints.According to this study,rice production increased from 9.9 million tons in 1973 to 39.1 million tons in 2023,demonstrating the nation’s continuous efforts to increase agricultural output to satisfy rising market demand.
文摘Burundi faces major agricultural constraints, including land fragmentation, soil erosion, limited access to inputs, inadequate infrastructure and demographic pressures that exacerbate food insecurity. In order to address the multiple challenges faced by farmers in rural areas, a study on improving agricultural productivity and food security in Burundi through optimized land use and diversified farming practices in agroforestry systems has been carried out. The study area is the communes of Giheta and Rutegama, all located in Burundi’s humid plateau livelihood zone, and involved 164 households grouped in coffee growing cooperatives supervised by the cooperative consortium COCOCA. The study uses a mathematical programming model to determine optimal crop selection based on factors such as production costs, yields and market demand. The findings of the study revealed significant insights into the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of the sampled population. Notably, 98.8% of respondents were engaged in agriculture, confirming the predominantly agricultural nature of Burundi. The results indicated that maize is the most important crop, occupying 33.9% of the average total cultivated area, followed by cassava at 26.5% and bananas at 19.4%. Together, these three crops accounted for a substantial portion of the total cultivated area, highlighting their significance in local agriculture. Beans and potatoes also play a role, occupying 14.4% and smaller areas, respectively. In terms of profitability, the study provides a detailed analysis of profit margins by crop. Bananas emerges as the most profitable crop, with a profit margin of 97.3%, followed closely by cassava at 96.1% and rice at 90.5%. These crops not only offered substantial yields relative to their production costs but also benefited from strong market demand. Other crops, such as beans (71.3%), coffee (70.3%), and vegetables (54.5%), also demonstrated considerable profitability, although they occupied smaller cultivated areas. Conversely, crops like pigeon peas (4.1%), potatoes (7.6%), and sweet potatoes (7.6%) exhibited the lowest profit margins, which may discourage farmers from investing in them unless other incentives, such as ecological benefits or local consumption needs, are present. Regarding the results, we therefore recommend to promote policies supporting agroforestry, improve market access and develop infrastructure to exploit these benefits.
基金financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(No.TD2023C006)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572022DS13).
文摘The symbiotic relationships between trees and different mycorrhizal fungi affect the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships within forest communities,particularly across different strata from the understorey to the overstorey.However,current research on this relationship has not yet reached a definitive conclusion.In this study,we used regression analyses and structural equation modelling based on a 9-ha mixed broadleaved-Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis)forest plot to explore the effects of different types of mycorrhizal fungi(arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)and ectomycorrhizal(EM)fungi)on the relationship between tree species diversity and productivity.The study found that the dominance and productivity of AM species increased in the understorey with increasing soil nutrients,whereas the productivity of EM species declined despite increasing diversity.In the overstorey,the productivity of AM species continued to increase with increasing soil nutrients,while that of EM species decreased due to increased competition.As for diversity-productivity relationships(DPRs),in the understorey,both AM and EM tree species demonstrated a positive DPR,suggesting the presence of the niche complementarity effect.In the overstorey,AM species continue to exhibit positive DPR due to their competitive advantage in nutrient-rich environments.In contrast,EM species exhibit negative DPR due to increased competition or less efficient resource use.Additionally,slope influenced forest productivity indirectly by altering the accumulation and distribution of soil nutrients,thereby affecting species distribution and growth conditions.This indirect effect highlights the potential negative impact of slope on soil nutrients within forest ecosystems,as well as its influence on the relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions.The study reveals how AM and EM trees influence forest productivity through distinct adaptability and competitive strategies across different forest strata,with a particular emphasis on the strata-dependent effects of mycorrhizal association on DPRs.This finding offers a new perspective on how mycorrhizal types modulate the complex relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functions across various strata in temperate forests.
基金supported in part by the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China (2023CXGC010703)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300905-01)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (ZR2021MC123)。
文摘Selecting an appropriate planting density is an effective way to improve crop water productivity(WPC).However, there is a lack of research on the balance between evapotranspiration(ET) partitioning, water consumption, and grain production under different summer maize planting densities. To close this knowledge gap, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the North China Plain(NCP) to reveal the effects of different planting densities(HD: 100,000 plants ha^(-1);MD: 78,000 plants ha^(-1);LD:56,000 plants ha^(-1)) on ET partitioning, grain yield, and water productivity of summer maize. The water-heat-carbon-nitrogen simulator(WHCNS) model was employed to calculate ET partitioning and perform scenario simulation after calibration and validation. The results showed that compared to the LD treatment, ET of the summer maize and grain yield in the MD and HD treatments significantly increased. Model simulations showed that the ratio of evaporation to ET ranged from 25.6% to 30.7%and reduced as increasing planting densities. Increasing planting density enhanced total transpiration of summer maize more than 20 mm, comparing to LD treatment, and the most significant differences between various planting densities appeared at the mid-growth stage(August 1 to 31). Scenario simulations indicated that grain yield and WPCof summer maize were consistently higher in wet and normal years compared to drought years, exhibiting a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing with increasing planting density. The highest grain yield and WPCof summer maize were observed at a planting density of approximately 80,000 plants ha^(-1). The results provide theoretical support for selecting a summer maize planting density and effectively utilizing agricultural water in the NCP.
基金financially supported by the Lanzhou Youth Science and Technology Talent Innovation Project(2023-QN-2)the Gansu Haizhi Plan Project(GSHZJH 12-2025-04)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC0507404)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20100101)。
文摘Grassland is a key component of the ecosystem in the Qinghai Lake Basin,China.Understanding the effects of climate change and human activities on grassland productivity significantly improves ecological conservation and promotes sustainable vegetation growth in this area.Based on the net primary productivity(NPP)products of MOD17A3HGF(a moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)product that provides annual NPP at 500 m resolution)and meteorological data,we analyzed the spatial and temporal evolution of grassland NPP and its interaction with climate factors in the Qinghai Lake Basin from 2001 to 2022 via partial correlation and trend analysis methods.We also used the deflecting trend residual method and scenario analysis method to quantitatively assess the relative contributions of climatic factors and human activities to grassland NPP.The results revealed that:(1)during the past 22 a,grassland NPP increased considerably,with a gradient change from the northwest to the southeast of the study area;(2)sunshine duration,precipitation,and temperature positively influenced grassland NPP,with sunshine duration exerting a stronger effect on grassland NPP than precipitation and temperature;and(3)98.47%of the grassland in the study area was restored,with an average contribution of 65.00%from human activities and 35.00%from climatic alterations.Compared with climate change,human-induced factors had a greater effect on grassland NPP in this area.The results of the study not only provide important scientific support for ecological restoration and sustainable development of the basin but also offer new ideas for research on similar ecologically fragile areas.
文摘Integrating sprinkler with deficit irrigation system is a new approach to improve crop water productivity and ensure water and food security in arid areas of India.This study undertook a field experiment of sprinkler-irrigated cumin(variety GC-4)with a mini-lysimeter setup at an experimental research farm in Jodhpur,India during 2019-2022.Four irrigation treatments T_(1),T_(2),T_(3),and T4 were designed at irrigation water/cumulative pan evaporation(IW/CPE)of 1.0,0.8,0.6,and 0.4,respectively,with three replications.Daily actual crop evapotranspiration(ETc)was recorded and weekly soil moisture was monitored over the crop growth period.Quantities of applied water and drainage from mini-lysimeters were also measured at every irrigation event.Yield of cumin was recorded at crop maturity.Furthermore,change in farmer's net income from 1-hm2 land was computed based on the cost of applying irrigation water and considering yield variations among the treatments.Results indicated the highest mean seasonal actual ETc(371.7 mm)and cumin yield(952.47 kg/hm2)under T_(1)(with full irrigation).Under T_(2),T_(3),and T4,the seasonal actual ETc decreased by 10.4%,27.6%,and 41.3%,respectively,while yield declined by 5.0%,28.4%,and 50.8%,respectively,as compared to the values under T_(1).Furthermore,crop water productivity of 0.272(±0.068)kg/m3 under T_(2)was found relatively higher in comparison to other irrigation treatments,indicating that T_(2)can achieve improved water productivity of cumin in arid areas at an optimum level of deficit irrigation.The results of cost-economics indicated that positive change in farmer's net income from 1-hm2 land was 108.82 USD under T_(2),while T_(3)and T4 showed net losses of 5.33 and 209.67 USD,respectively.Moreover,value of yield response factor and ratio of relative yield reductions to relative ETc deficits were found to be less than 1.00 under T_(2)(0.48),and more than 1.00 under T_(3)(1.07)and T4(1.23).This finding further supports that T_(2)shows the optimized level of deficit irrigation that saves 20.0%of water with sacrificing 5.0%yield in the arid areas of India.Findings of this study provide useful strategies to save irrigation water,bring additional area under irrigation,and improve crop water productivity in India and other similar arid areas in the world.
文摘In the new era,the impact of emerging productive forces has permeated every sector of industry.As the core production factor of these forces,data plays a pivotal role in industrial transformation and social development.Consequently,many domestic universities have introduced majors or courses related to big data.Among these,the Big Data Management and Applications major stands out for its interdisciplinary approach and emphasis on practical skills.However,as an emerging field,it has not yet accumulated a robust foundation in teaching theory and practice.Current instructional practices face issues such as unclear training objectives,inconsistent teaching methods and course content,insufficient integration of practical components,and a shortage of qualified faculty-factors that hinder both the development of the major and the overall quality of education.Taking the statistics course within the Big Data Management and Applications major as an example,this paper examines the challenges faced by statistics education in the context of emerging productive forces and proposes corresponding improvement measures.By introducing innovative teaching concepts and strategies,the teaching system for professional courses is optimized,and authentic classroom scenarios are recreated through illustrative examples.Questionnaire surveys and statistical analyses of data collected before and after the teaching reforms indicate that the curriculum changes effectively enhance instructional outcomes,promote the development of the major,and improve the quality of talent cultivation.
基金National Key Research and Development Program,No.2021xjkk0303。
文摘Drought significantly constrains vegetation growth and reduces terrestrial carbon sinks.Currently,the spatiotemporal patterns and mechanisms of the differential impacts of soil and meteorological droughts on vegetation productivity remain inadequately understood.In this study,we analyzed soil moisture(SM),vapor pressure deficit(VPD),and gross primary productivity(GPP)to investigate their spatiotemporal patterns and the combined effects on GPP over China.The results revealed that:(1)Soil drought and meteorological drought generally exhibited temporally synchronous trends across China.(2)GPP was predominantly affected by the combined and synchronous effects of both SM and VPD,although their effects displayed directional variability differences in certain regions.(3)SM demonstrated a greater relative importance on GPP than VPD across more than half of the regions in China,whereas deciduous broadleaf forests were the only vegetation type primarily affected by VPD.(4)Under the lag effects,both SM and VPD exhibited bidirectional Granger causality with GPP,with the interaction between VPD and GPP proving more pronounced than that of SM.Our research provides valuable insights into the mechanisms through which SM and VPD influence GPP,contributing to improved predictions vegetation productivity and implementing ecological restoration.
基金China Transportation Education Research Society Educational Science Research Topic“Research on Improving the Quality of Part-time Teachers in Transportation Vocational Colleges under the Background of New Quality Productivity”(JT2024YB245)。
文摘With the rapid development of new quality productivity and the in-depth advancement of digital transformation,vocational college libraries,as important supporting institutions for teaching and research,are facing the dual challenges of service model transformation and capacity improvement.Based on the changes in the demand for digital academic services under the background of new quality productivity,this paper systematically analyzes the current situation and problems of the digital academic service capabilities of librarians in vocational colleges,constructs a capability model including four dimensions:cognitive attitude,knowledge reserve,skill application,and communication and sharing,and proposes capability improvement strategies from aspects such as organizational incentives,professional training,service innovation,and technical support.Research shows that librarians in vocational colleges need to comprehensively enhance their digital academic service capabilities through paths such as concept renewal,skill strengthening,service transformation,and environment optimization,in order to adapt to the demands of educational reform in the era of new quality productivity.
文摘This study aimed to model and identify the most productive cutting methods of tree plantations by comparing a forward felling technique(C)with sideways techniques outside(A and D)or inside cutting edge(B and E).Drone video material of each tree was analyzed by comparing time distribution of work phases.The relation between this input data and harvester production data was analyzed by regression models.A quadratic model predicted productiv-ity precisely(R^(2)=0.95)and explained the effective-hour productivity in cutting cycle with dummy variables of har-vesting conditions.The productivity was explained by tree size and cutting cycle time,while effects of operator and harvester were eliminated by statistical analysis.In loblolly pine(Pinus taeda L.)plantations on flat terrain,cutting method B was 4.8 m3/E0h(effective working hour)more productive than method A,and 6.7 m^(3)/E0h than method C.In Sydney blue gum(Eucalyptus saligna Sm.)plantations,cutting method E was 1.8 m^(3)/E0h more productive than cut-ting method D on sloping terrain.Of the time-cycle vari-ables,time consumption of the“moving of tree”changed significantly between the cutting methods,of which the ones that used the sideways felling technique inside cutting edge were most efficient.This quadratic modeling structure can be recommended for precise studies in similar harvesting conditions.
基金supported by the project of Non-Tax Revenue of Yunnan Provincial Department of Finance(Grant No.FSYJ202119).
文摘Green technology innovation has gradually become an important driving force to promote new quality productivity.This paper constructs a quantitative index system of new quality productivity based on the three major elements of workers,labour objects and labour tools,and empirically analyses the impact of green technology innovation on the level of new quality productivity using spatial econometric model and VAR model.The result shows that:(1)The level of new quality productivity is not only affected by its own factors,but also by the significant spatial spillover effect between regions,especially in the case of strong geographic proximity,the interregional economic activities and resource allocation have a strong interaction and dependence.(2)The direct effect of green technology innovation is negative,mainly due to the high R&D investment and the short-term cost increase brought about by technological transformation,but its indirect effect is positive,showing that green technology has a positive effect on the new quality productivity enhancement of neighbouring regions through technology diffusion and cooperative innovation.(3)The eastern and western regions are affected by high upfront costs and transformation challenges,showing negative effects;while the central and northeastern regions benefit from policy support and industrial upgrading,showing positive effects.(4)Impulse response function analysis shows that the short-term impact of green technological innovation on new quality productivity is negative,but the long-term potential is significant,and the negative effect gradually diminishes over time.Based on this,this paper puts forward the suggestions of optimising the green innovation input structure,formulating regional differentiated policies and strengthening regional synergistic cooperation,which provide the theoretical basis and practical path for realising the green transformation and high-quality development of the economy.
文摘The continuous innovation and widespread application of digital technology have expedited the transformation of productivity and presented an opportunity to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.Digital new quality productivity,characterized by the integration of advanced technologies,innovative business models,a new economic framework,and ongoing innovation,stands as a superior production factor.It plays a crucial role in fostering high-quality economic growth and leading efforts to meet the“dual carbon”objectives.Using panel data from Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2022,this study employs various econometric models to empirically examine the impact and underlying mechanisms of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission reduction.The findings reveal that:(1)There exists a significant U-shaped nonlinear relationship between digital new quality productivity and carbon emission performance,with an inflection point at 0.2750.(2)Dual objective constraints significantly moderate the relationship between digital new productivity and carbon emission performance.Setting moderate economic growth targets positively influences the effect of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance.(3)The impact of digital new quality productivity on carbon emission performance varies considerably based on factors such as urban location,city size,resource endowment,and specific city characteristics.It is essential to focus on nurturing digital new quality productivity,exploring the integration of balanced economic growth objectives with environmental goals,and effectively leveraging the environmental benefits derived from the advancement of digital new quality productivity tailored to local contexts.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 42075115 and 41991285]the Joint Open Project of KLME&CIC-FEMD[grant number KLME201901]。
文摘Net primary productivity(NPP)is the net accumulation of organic matter by vegetation through photosynthesis and serves as a key indicator for exploring vegetation responses to climate change.Considering the remote and local impacts of soil heat capacities on vegetation growth through pathways of atmospheric circulation and land–atmosphere interaction,this paper develops a statistical prediction model for NPP from April to June(AMJ)across the middle-to-high latitudes of Eurasia.The model introduces two physically meaningful predictors:the snow water equivalent(SWE)from February to March(FM)over central Europe and the FM local soil temperature(ST).The positive phase of FM SWE triggers anomalous eastward-propagating Rossby waves,leading to an anomalous low-pressure system and cooling in the middle-to-high latitudes of Eurasia.This effect persists into spring through snow feedback to the atmosphere and affects subsequent NPP changes.The ST is closely related to the AMJ temperature and precipitation.With positive ST anomalies,the AMJ temperature and precipitation exhibit an east–west dipole anomaly distribution in this region.The single-factor prediction scheme using ST as the predictor is much better than using SWE as the predictor.Independent validation results from 2009 to 2014 demonstrate that the ST scheme alone has good predictive performance for the spatial distribution and interannual variability of NPP.The predictive skills of the multi-factor prediction schemes can be improved by about 13%if the ST predictor is included.The findings confirm that local ST is a predictor that must be included for NPP prediction.
文摘The new quality productivity is the productivity driving high-tech,which has the ability to empower the future emerging industries with foresight.Therefore,the theoretical perspective of new quality productivity studies the soul and countermeasures of Chinese science and technology enterprises has far-reaching theoretical and practical significance.This study primarily focuses on the following three aspects:First,in the digital age,understanding the challenges and issues faced by traditional tech companies due to new quality productivity,exploring organizational innovation mechanisms applicable to tech enterprises to guide their development direction;Second,researching the intrinsic driving relationship between new quality productivity and the organizational innovation capabilities of tech enterprises,redefining the soul of tech enterprise organizations to enhance organizational combat effectiveness,cohesion,and vitality;Finally,using the DT provincial branch as a case study,discussing how new quality productivity shapes the soul of organizational culture in tech enterprises,enhancing organizational capabilities,strengthening internal collaboration,promoting agile,flexible,and efficient operations,and accelerating innovation,efficiency,and value creation in tech enterprises.
基金Jilin Province Social Science Project:Path Analysis and Empirical Research on Empowering Rural Industry Integration with Digital Economy in Jilin Province 2023B40Key Project of Education Science Planning in Jilin Province:Exploration of Talent Training Model for Economic Statistics Majors in Universities Based on OBE Theory-Taking Jilin Jianzhu University as an Example.ZD22028.
文摘Smart cities,a new kind of urbanization,offer a means of achieving the condition in which environmental conservation and economic growth are mutually beneficial.As a result,it is important to think about whether and how the development of smart cities might support the high-quality growth of urban economies.Based on the panel data of 163 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009–2018,the green total factor productivity(GTFP)of each prefecture-level city is measured using the SBM-GML model,and the appropriate spatial econometric model is screened by various types of tests.The spatial effect of smart city construction on GFTP is studied,and it is concluded that the pilot cities have a significant positive spatial spillover effect.The decomposition econometric model also shows that the pilot cities have a significant positive spatial spillover effect,and it also indicating that the smart city construction can also drive the surrounding cities to jointly improve the quality of economic development.Finally,the robustness of the spatial effect of smart city policy is also verified by changing the spatial measurement model and the type of spatial weight matrix,which also shows that the results of the spatial spillover effect of smart city construction are reliable.
文摘Firm-level productivity analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding the micro-foundations of economic growth,industrial competitiveness,and efficient resource allocation.This comprehensive review synthesizes and critically evaluates the primary statistical and econometric methodologies employed in the measurement and analysis of productivity at the firm level.We systematically delineate the evolution from traditional parametric techniques,such as production function estimation and Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA),to non-parametric approaches,including Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA)and the Malmquist Productivity Index.A significant focus is placed on addressing pervasive micro-level challenges,notably firm heterogeneity,measurement error,and endogeneity biases,which are endemic to firm-level data.The paper further explores recent methodological innovations,highlighting the integration of machine learning,quantile regression,and network analysis into the productivity research arsenal.By providing a structured guide for selecting and applying appropriate statistical tools,this review aims to equip researchers with the knowledge to conduct robust micro-level productivity analyses.Finally,we outline promising future research trajectories,emphasizing the potential of novel data sources and computational methods to deepen our understanding of productivity determinants.
基金supported by the National Research Council of Sri Lanka(Grant No.NRC TO 16-07).
文摘Decision Support Tool(DST)enables farmers to make site-specific crop management decisions;however,comprehensive calibration can be both costly and time-consuming.This study assessed the production and economic benefits of two calibrations of the Nutrient Expert(NE)tool for rice in Sri Lanka’s Alfisols:the basic calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 1,NESL1)and the comprehensive calibration(Nutrient Expert Sri Lanka 2,NESL2).NESL1 was developed by adapting the South Indian version of NE to local conditions,while NESL2 was an updated version,using three years of data from 71 farmer fields.
基金supported by the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(Project Leader:Shang Wang,Project No.ZYJYDJ2024049).
文摘The development of new quality productivity has set new requirements for vocational education.Vocational colleges need to integrate ideological and political education into professional courses to cultivate high-quality talents with both technical capabilities and political literacy.This paper analyzes the connotation of new quality productivity and its reshaping of vocational education,explores the challenges faced by the educational mechanism of Curriculumbased Political and Ideological Education(CPIE),and proposes a“three-dimensional synergy”practical pathway.That is,to effectively promote CPIE through three dimensions:the deep integration of cases with professional content,the enhancement of teaching effects using digitization,and the optimization of the course evaluation system.It aims to provide theoretical support and practical references for the reform of ideological and political education in vocational colleges.
基金funded by the Xi'an Social Science Fund(24QL38).
文摘Studying the spatiotemporal variation and driving mechanisms of vegetation net primary productivity(NPP)in the Guanzhong Plain Urban Agglomeration(GPUA)of China is highly important for regional green and low-carbon development.This study used the Theil-Sen trend analysis,Mann-Kendall trend test,coefficient of variation,Hurst index,and machine learning method(eXtreme Gradient Boosting and SHapley Additive exPlanations(XGBoost-SHAP))to analyze the spatiotemporal variation of NPP in the GPUA from 2001 to 2020 and reveal its response to climate change and human activities.The results found that during 2001-2020,the averageNPP in the GPUA showed a significant upward trend,with an annual growth rate of 10.84 g C/(m^(2)•a).The multi-year average NPP in the GPUA was 484.83 g C/(m^(2)•a),with higher values in the southwestern Qinling Mountains and lower values in the central and northeastern cropland and built-up areas.The average coefficient of variation of NPP in the GPUA was 0.14,indicating a relatively stable state overall,but 72.72%of the study area showed weak anti-persistence,suggesting that NPP in most areas may have declined in the short term.According to XGBoost-SHAP analyses,elevation,land use type and precipitation were identified as the main driving factors of NPP.Appropriate precipitation and higher temperatures promote NPP growth,whereas extreme climates,high population density,and nighttime lighting inhibit NPP.This study has important theoretical and practical significance for achieving regional sustainable development,offers a scientific basis for formulating effective ecological protection and restoration strategies,and promotes green,coordinated,and sustainable development in the GPUA.
