To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt b...To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy quality relies heavily on adequate bowel preparation,yet traditional methods often result in suboptimal compliance.Emerging network-based monitoring systems offer promise for improving both prep...BACKGROUND Colonoscopy quality relies heavily on adequate bowel preparation,yet traditional methods often result in suboptimal compliance.Emerging network-based monitoring systems offer promise for improving both preparation quality and patient cooperation,potentially enhancing clinical outcomes.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of an intestinal network monitoring system in enhancing the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy and its impact on patient psychological and physiological responses,compliance,and adverse event rates.METHODS Between July 2019 and July 2020,800 enteroscopy patients who met the inclusion criteria in the outpatient clinic of the gastroenterology department of our hospital were randomly divided into 400 cases each in the experimental group(network monitoring group)and the control group(verbal+written preaching group),and the psychological and physiological stress response situation,colon Boston Bowel Preparation Scale,enteroscopy to blindness,arrival time to blindness,and polyp detection rate of the patients were compared before and after the intervention,compliance and adverse reactions were compared.RESULTS There was no difference in anxiety and depression scores,heart rate and systolic blood pressure between the groups before the intervention(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the patients’anxiety and depression scores were lower and lower in the study group(P<0.05);heart rate and systolic blood pressure were elevated,but lower in the test group(P<0.05).The left hemicolon,right hemicolon,transverse colon and total Boston Bowel Preparation Scale scores were lower in the test group than in the control group(P<0.05),the colonoscopy arrival rate and polyp detection rate were higher than those in the control group,and the time to arrival and time to exit the scope were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the dietary preparations,the preparations for taking medications and the total adherence scores were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 11.00%,which was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The Bowel Network Monitoring System has potential clinical promotion value in improving the quality of colonoscopic bowel preparation,which can effectively alleviate patient anxiety and depression,improve the quality of colonoscopic bowel preparation and patient compliance,and has a high degree of safety.展开更多
BACKGROUND In the field of clinical intestinal preparation,compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution(SF-PEG)is a commonly used intestinal cleaner.However,practice has shown that using only a single polyethylen...BACKGROUND In the field of clinical intestinal preparation,compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution(SF-PEG)is a commonly used intestinal cleaner.However,practice has shown that using only a single polyethylene glycol formulation often fails to achieve the desired intestinal preparation effect.Linalotide has a unique mechanism of action,which can effectively enhance the secretion of small intestinal fluid and promote intestinal peristalsis.The combination of linaclotide and SF-PEG may provide a better solution for intestinal preparation and improve the quality of intestinal cleaning.Therefore,exploring the application value and clinical efficacy of linaclotide capsules combined with SF-PEG in intestinal preparation is of great clinical significance.AIM To explore the effects of the combination of linaclotide capsules and SF-PEG,including its efficacy in intestinal preparation and patient tolerance.METHODS To investigate the differences in the effectiveness of different bowel preparation plans in colonoscopy,this article conducted a comprehensive and detailed retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who underwent colonoscopy from January 2023 to December 2023.In this study,116 patients were accurately divided into three groups based on the different intestinal preparation drugs used before colonoscopy.Among them,group A consisted of 29 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using 3 liters of SF-PEG combined with linaclotide;group B consists of 50 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using 3 liters of SF-PEG;group C consisted of 37 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using a combination of 2-liter SF-PEC and linaclotide.Subsequently,this article evaluated the quality of intestinal preparation in these three groups of patients,using the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS)as a quantitative indicator,while comparing multiple indicators such as intestinal preparation completion rate and detection of positive lesions,providing a strong basis for optimizing clinical intestinal preparation plans.RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in BBPS scores(7.75±1.23,7.69±1.14,and 7.66±1.31;P=0.240),bowel preparation completion rates(96.55%,90.00%,and 97.30%;P=0.293),adenoma detection rates(20.69%,38.00%,and 32.43%;P=0.281),polyp detection rates(34.48%,50.00%,37.84%;P=0.326),insertion time(6.03±4.34,6.12±3.60,and 5.33±2.42;P=0.584),and patient satisfaction rates(89.66%,84.00%,and 97.30%;P=0.398)among the three groups.However,statistically significant differences were observed in withdrawal time(7.45±2.91,9.02±3.54,and 6.86±2.66;P=0.027)and adverse reaction rates(6.90%,20.00%,and 2.70%;P=0.029)among the three groups.Multiple comparisons showed that group C had significantly lower withdrawal time and adverse reaction rates than group B(P=0.013,P=0.016).CONCLUSION Linaclotide capsules show a trend in improving bowel preparation quality and reducing the dosage of SF-PEG.展开更多
The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can i...The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut microbiota.Bowel preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel disease.However,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse effects.We focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.展开更多
Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,envir...Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.展开更多
The typical method for preparing the porous carbon used in supercapacitors(SCs)is time-consuming and energy-intensive.We report a fast and efficient route to synthesize and tailor the structure of porous carbon by a J...The typical method for preparing the porous carbon used in supercapacitors(SCs)is time-consuming and energy-intensive.We report a fast and efficient route to synthesize and tailor the structure of porous carbon by a Joule heating technique(JHT)using phenolic resin and precursors.During the JHT process,the time and energy needed are both significantly reduced because the precursor is heated to the target temperature at a rate of 1100 K/s,so the porous carbon is formed with the release of small molecules and the etching of the substrate by K_(2)CO_(3).JHT has a higher energy efficiency than traditional carbonization methods in a tube furnace and allows for precise control of the pyrolysis process,thus achieving better control of the material’s structure and properties.Samples obtained by JHT contain abundant pores and a large specific surface area(1652.7 m^(2)/g),which give an excellent specific capacitance of 476.0 F/g and rate capability(75.1%capacitance retention at 64.0 A/g in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte).Furthermore,in electrolytes of 17.0 mol/kg NaClO_(4)(water-in-salt)and 1.0 mol/L TEABF4/AN,the symmetric SCs have a maximum energy density of 33.3 and 50.8 Wh/kg at power densities of 220.4 and 376.4 W/kg,respectively.The cells also have good long-term stability,with a nearly 100%Coulombic efficiency,and a capacitance retention of 93.1%in a water-in-salt electrolyte after 10000 cycles,and 88.9%in an organic electrolyte after 8000 cycles.This study shows that JHT has the potential to serve as an ultra-fast method to prepare porous carbons for energy storage.展开更多
With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage techno...With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage technologies is particularly urgent.Electrochemical energy storage technologies have been widely used in multiple fields,especially supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries,as vital elements of storing renewable energy.In recent years,two-dimensional material MXene has shown great potential in energy and multiple application fields thanks to its excellent electrical properties,large specific surface area,and tunability.Based on the layered materials of MXene,researchers have successfully achieved the dual functions of energy storage and conversion by adjusting the surface terminals at the Fermi level.It is worth noting that compared with other two-dimensional materials,MXene has more active sites on the basal plane,showing excellent catalytic performance.In contrast,other two-dimensional materials have catalytic activity only at the edge sites.This article comprehensively overviews the synthesis process,structural characteristics,modification methods for MXene-based polymer materials,and their applications in electrochemical energy storage.It also briefly discusses the potential of MXene-polymer materials in electromagnetic shielding technology and sensors and looks forward to future research directions.展开更多
OBJECTIVE The emergence of evolving variants of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has fostered the need for change of newer and adaptive treatments for these infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic and persists,tradit...OBJECTIVE The emergence of evolving variants of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has fostered the need for change of newer and adaptive treatments for these infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic and persists,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)herbs exhibit significant bioactivity and therapeutic effect.This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four TCM preparations on 28-day mortality risk of patients and changes of the laboratory indicators.METHODS The retrospective cohort study included patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from December 15,2022 to January 15,2023,and those died within 48 hours of admission or cannot be tracked for outcomes were excluded.The primary outcome was survival status in 28 days(death or survival)starting from the day of admission.The second outcomes were laboratory indicators,including absolute lymphocyte count,lactate dehydrogenase,creatinine,and blood urea nitrogen.Binary logistic regressions were used to estimate the effect of TCM preparations on the primary and secondary outcomes in main analysis.Meanwhile,heterogeneity and robustness of results from main analysis were assessed by subgroup analyses and multiple sensitivity analyses.RESULTS 1816 eligible patients were included in analysis dataset,including 573 patients received standard care(control group)and 1243 patients received TCM preparations(hospital preparation group).The 28-day mortality rate of hospital preparation group was lower than that of control group(4.75%vs.14.83%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=54.666,P<0.001).The risk of 28-day mortality was 0.535 times lower in the hospital preparation group as compared with the control group(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.305-0.708,P<0.001)showed by multivariable binary logistic regressions.Subgroup analyses showed that taking TCM preparations reduced the 28-day mortality risk.Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the results of the main analysis for primary outcomes were robust.For secondary outcomes,the risk of abnormal absolute lymphocyte counts at discharge in the hospital preparation group decreased by 0.284 times(OR=0.703,95%CI:0.515-0.961,P=0.027).CONCLUSION Compared with standard of care,taking four hospital preparations including Kanggan Heji,Feining Heji,Qishen Gubiao Keli,and Qianghuo Qushi Qingwen Heji decreased risk of 28-day mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.TCM therapy achieves adequate therapeutic effects in COVID-19.展开更多
Bowel preparation is necessary for a successful colonoscopy,allowing for a smooth treatment procedure and an enhanced success rate.However,inadequate bowel preparation remains common in clinical practice,and no standa...Bowel preparation is necessary for a successful colonoscopy,allowing for a smooth treatment procedure and an enhanced success rate.However,inadequate bowel preparation remains common in clinical practice,and no standardized approach exists in clinical practice.Therefore,this article reviews the primary methods available for bowel preparation and discusses their application status,efficiency,safety,and the associated patient experiences.This review aims to summarize and analyze the current status of various approaches,providing valuable reference to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions that lead to improved outcomes,patient comfort,and patient satisfaction.展开更多
DNA probes display advantages including flexible design,wide range of targets and high selectivity,but free DNA probes are confined to in vitro detection due to their poor cell penetration and low nuclease resistance....DNA probes display advantages including flexible design,wide range of targets and high selectivity,but free DNA probes are confined to in vitro detection due to their poor cell penetration and low nuclease resistance.Nanomaterials-loaded DNA probes can effectively solve above limitations and promote them in vivo applications.Gold nanoparticles-based probes have been intensely investigated in the past,and AuNP@DNA nanoflare as one of the most powerful tools for biomedical study has been developed.So far,towards Au NP@DNA nanoflare,significant advances in preparation(e.g.,salt-aging,low pH-assisted and freezing-directed linking)and application(e.g.,sensing and therapeutic nanoflares)have been achieved since first report.In addition,scientific challenges involved in AuNP@DNA nanoflares have been concerned and some endeavor has been made recently.Here,a historical review is provided for AuNP@DNA nanoflares:methodology in preparation and applications in bioanalysis and biomedicine are delineated,challenges and outlook are also discussed,which are expected to improve the further development of this fertile research area.展开更多
Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary su...Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complicatio...BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complications.AIM To investigate the current state of inadequate bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy,identify the contributing factors,and develop interventions.METHODS This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study.A convenience sampling method was used to select 484 patients who underwent colonoscopy at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,from October 2023 to October 2024.General patient data,disease-related variables,and the Boston bowel preparation scale were collected.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation.RESULTS Among the 484 patients,the rate of inadequate bowel preparation was 25.8%(125/484).Influential factors for poor bowel preparation included history of colorectal surgery[odds ratio(OR)=5.814],low-residue diet 1 day prior(OR=0.145),time interval from last dose to start of examination(OR=1.447),total exercise time after medication(OR=0.992),and total number of bowel movements after medication(OR=0.900)(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study highlights several modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing bowel preparation,such as surgical history and behavioral adherence.The findings support implementing dietary adjustments,optimized laxative timing,physical activity guidance,and tailored strategies for high-risk patients to improve bowel cleansing and enhance the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy.展开更多
In recent years,superhard coatings have emerged as a focal point in metal material research due to their innovative design strategies and exceptional mechanical properties.They are widely utilized in industries such a...In recent years,superhard coatings have emerged as a focal point in metal material research due to their innovative design strategies and exceptional mechanical properties.They are widely utilized in industries such as shielding,oil extraction,and coal mining.However,in practical applications,tools often suffer from wear,fractures,plastic deformation,and other types of failure,directly impacting machining efficiency,costs,and product quality.To mitigate these challenges,the selection of appropriate tool materials and preparation methods is critical to ensure sustained production efficiency.Therefore,it is essential to identify and develop coating materials with superior performance.Recent advancements in superhard coatings are reviewed comprehensively;preparation methods are discussed for superhard tools;diamond coatings,diamond-like carbon coatings,cubic boron nitride coatings and graphite carbon nitride coatings are examined specifically.It analyzes their microstructures,phase transformation processes,mechanical properties,and formation mechanisms,while also evaluating properties such as wear resistance,corrosion resistance,and high hardness.The applicability of existing theoretical models is verified and new frameworks for future superhard coating designs are proposed.Moreover,the current research limitations in tool coatings are identified and directions for future research and development are proposed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colonoscopic polypectomy is a crucial procedure for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer,with its success and safety largely dependent on the quality of bowel preparation.Currently,polyethylene...BACKGROUND Colonoscopic polypectomy is a crucial procedure for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer,with its success and safety largely dependent on the quality of bowel preparation.Currently,polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution remains the standard method for bowel preparation,but its use may cause patient discomfort and incomplete cleansing.AIM To evaluate impact of enhanced and conventional bowel preparation protocols on the outcomes of colonoscopic polypectomy.METHODS This retrospective cohort study collected data from 130 patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy between March 2023 and June 2024.Patients were divided into the conventional bowel preparation group(n=65)and enhanced bowel preparation group(n=65).Primary outcome measures included Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS)scores,procedure-related parameters,complication rates,and prognosis.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance.RESULTS The enhanced group demonstrated significant advantages over the conventional group,with higher BBPS total scores(4.2±0.7 vs 3.1±0.8,P<0.001),higher onetime complete resection rates(95.4%vs 83.1%,P=0.01),shorter operative times(23.1±4.8 vs 25.4±5.2 min,P=0.03),and lesser intraoperative blood loss(18.2±4.5 vs 20.3±5.1 mL,P=0.04).Total complication rates were significantly lower(5.9%vs 16.9%,P=0.05),particularly for bleeding(1.5%vs 16.9%,P=0.01)and infection(1.5%vs 7.7%,P=0.04).The enhanced group also showed lower 6-month recurrence rates(3.1%vs 10.8%,P=0.05)and higher patient satisfaction(87.7%vs 76.9%,P=0.04)than did the conventional group.CONCLUSION The enhanced bowel preparation protocol demonstrates significant advantages,particularly in improving surgical outcomes,reducing complications,and increasing patient satisfaction,underscoring its importance of its application during colonoscopic polypectomy.展开更多
Decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE)is widely used as an additive flame retardant and has led to global pollution.Its has a large molecular mass and is prone to debromination and degradation under photothermal conditions,r...Decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE)is widely used as an additive flame retardant and has led to global pollution.Its has a large molecular mass and is prone to debromination and degradation under photothermal conditions,resulting in smaller homologous compounds.Due to the lack of standard substances for debromination products,the in-depth study of DBDPE environmental geochemical behavior through debromination conversion has been hindered.Therefore,based on DBDPE photodegradation experiment,this study first analyzed and identified the brominated products of DBDPE using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-APPI-TOF/MS).Four debromination products-nonabromodiphenyl ethane(nonaBDPE),octabromodiphenyl ethane(octa-BDPE),heptabromodiphenyl ethane(hepta-BDPE)and hexabromodiphenyl ethane(hexa-BDPE)are identified based on the characteristic ion peak of[M-Br+O]^(-) in negative ion mode.Subsequently,using methanol as the mobile phase,four debromination products of DBDPE were separated and purified with a semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(SP-HPLC)system equipped with an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse PAH column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm).The first-time acquisition of hexa-BDPE(60.00μg),octa-BDPE(19.40μg),hepta-BDPE(31.20μg)and octa-BDPE(isomer,45.20μg)with purity exceeding 90%has been achieved.Among them,the purity of one hepta-BDPE monomer is as high as 98.91%.This study indicates that based on photodegradation experiments,the combination of HPLC-APPI-TOF/MS and SP-HPLC techniques can rapidly identify and prepare DBDPE debrominated products.This approach meets the requirements for preliminary research on the pollution characteristics of DBDPE debrominated compounds and offers a feasible solution for the preparation of standard reference materials for emerging pollutants.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications d...Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications due to their chemical diversity.Converting 2D TMDs into one-dimensional(1D)TMDs nanotubes can not only retain some advantages of 2D nanosheets but also providing a unique direction to explore the novel properties of TMDs materials in the 1D limit.However,the controllable preparation of high-quality nanotubes remains a major challenge.It is very necessary to review the advanced development of one-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes from preparation to application.Here,we first summarize a series of bottom-up synthesis methods of 1D TMDs,such as template growth and metal catalyzed method.Then,top-down synthesis methods are summarized,which included selfcuring and stacking of TMDs nanosheets.In addition,we discuss some key applications that utilize the properties of 1D-TMDs nanotubes in the areas of catalyst preparation,energy storage,and electronic devices.Last but not least,we prospect the preparation methods of high-quality 1D-TMDs nanotubes,which will lay a foundation for the synthesis of high-performance optoelectronic devices,catalysts,and energy storage components.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes and explore their application value in patients with liver cancer.Methods:Doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes were prepared using the ammonium ...Objective:This study aimed to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes and explore their application value in patients with liver cancer.Methods:Doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes were prepared using the ammonium sulfate gradient method.Doxorubicin,as a broad-spectrum antitumor drug,has significant toxic and side effects after toxicological investigation.After preparing DOX-Lip,single-factor analysis was used to analyze the effects of solution pH,number of ultrafiltration,oil-water ratio,incubation temperature,and time on the encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes.The process was optimized through orthogonal experiments and then applied clinically.110 patients with liver cancer were selected as the research subjects to verify the drug’s effectiveness.Results:The results of this study showed that under optimal process conditions,the prepared doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes were evenly distributed,similar to spherical shapes,with an average particle size of 85–87 mm and a Zeta potential of 15–16 mV,indicating good encapsulation efficiency.The application of these liposomes to clinical treatment of liver cancer demonstrated good therapeutic effects and could effectively promote favorable patient prognosis.Conclusion:The doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes prepared through process optimization exhibit strong stability and pronounced sustained-release characteristics,providing a solid foundation for the treatment of liver cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND The clinical effectiveness of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE)is well established.However,problems,such as abdominal distension,insufficient gastric filling,and prolonged gastric retention tim...BACKGROUND The clinical effectiveness of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE)is well established.However,problems,such as abdominal distension,insufficient gastric filling,and prolonged gastric retention time,persist with MCE gastric preparations.AIM To compare gastric filling using a carbonated soft drink with that using pure water during MCE.METHODS We performed an open-label randomised controlled trial at the Endoscopy Centre of Changhai Hospital in Shanghai.Patients aged 18-80 years,with or without gastrointestinal symptoms,scheduled for MCE were consecutively recruited.Those who provided informed consent were randomly assigned to the carbonated soft drink group(C group)or water group(W group)in a 1:1 ratio.For patients in the W group,1000 mL of water was ingested to distend the stomach,whereas for patients in the C group,550 mL of carbonated soft drink was provided,and patients were required to drink quickly while minimising burping.The primary endpoint was the number of patients with a gastric filling score of≥4 within 5 minutes after the capsule entered the stomach.RESULTS From December 3,2020 to May 17,2021,252 patients(141 men),aged 18-77 years,were assigned to the C(n=126)and W(n=126)groups.For the primary outcome,123 patients in the C group achieved a gastric filling score of≥4(97.62%vs 80.16%,P<0.0001).More patients in the C group had the highest gastric filling scores within the first 5 min(78.57%vs 29.37%,P<0.0001)and 10 minutes(54.76%vs 13.49%,P<0.0001)after the capsule entered the stomach.More patients in the W group required extra liquid for gastric refilling(1.59%vs 16.67%,P<0.0001).Transpyloric passage of the capsule under magnetic control was successfully performed in 43 patients in the C group(P<0.0001),accompanied by a shorter gastric transit time(53.27±53.83 minutes vs 71.12±52.19 minutes,P=0.001).CONCLUSION Carbonated soft drinks demonstrated superior and more sustained gastric filling compared with those of water alone,with the potential to promote gastric emptying.展开更多
This study investigated proactive personality effects on employment preparation and the mediating roles of self-efficacy and career exploration behaviors in this relationship.The study sample comprised 445 university ...This study investigated proactive personality effects on employment preparation and the mediating roles of self-efficacy and career exploration behaviors in this relationship.The study sample comprised 445 university students(68.3%female;aged 20 to 24)from a university in central China.The participants completed measures to assess proactive personality,employment preparation,self-efficacy,and career exploration behaviors.Structural equation modeling analysis results indicated that proactive personality predicted higher employment preparation;Self-efficacy and career exploration behaviors partially mediated this relationship.Specifically,career exploration behaviors had a stronger mediating effect than self-efficacy on the total effect(34.71%vs.28.89%).The findings suggest proactive personality is key to employment preparation through self-belief and willingness to explore the job market.Higher education career counseling and mental health education programs should provide targeted training to promote career exploration by the student’s personal attributes for best match employment preparation.展开更多
High-purity antimony(Sb)is essential for industries like semiconductors and photovoltaics,driving research on its production.This review summarizes research advances in production and preparation techniques for high-p...High-purity antimony(Sb)is essential for industries like semiconductors and photovoltaics,driving research on its production.This review summarizes research advances in production and preparation techniques for high-purity Sb.Three process flowcharts to produce high-purity Sb are described according to different raw materials.Various process parameters of vacuum distillation,zone refining purification techniques and research progress in the field of high-purity Sb are discussed.Numerical simulation,atomic scale simulation,and research progress of alloying elements in the field of high-purity Sb are highlighted.It is shown that for the difficult removal of As element in Sb,the addition of Al makes the regional refining process more effective in reducing the arsenic content.Finally,the purification of high-purity Sb is summarized,providing insights into achieving efficient and environmentally friendly high-purity Sb production and outlining future directions.展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52278446)。
文摘To explore the best preparation process for terminal blend(TB)composite-modified asphalt and to filter its formulation with excellent performance,this study evaluates the performance of TB composite modified asphalt by physical property index,microscopic morphology,rheological testing,and infrared spectroscopy on multiple scales.The results show that the best preparation process for TB-modified asphalt is stirring at 260℃ for 4 h at 400 rpm,which significantly reduces the modification time of the asphalt.From a physical property viewpoint,the TB composite-modified asphalt sample with 5% styrene-butadiene-styrene(SBS)+1% aromatics+0.1% sulfur exhibits high-comprehensive,high-and low-temperature properties.More-over,its crosslinked mesh structure comprises black rubber particles uniformly interwoven in the middle,which further enhances the performance of the asphalt and results in an excellent performance formulation.In addition,the sample with 5%SBS content has a higher G*value and smaller δ value than that with 3%SBS content,indicating that its high-temperature resistance is improved.The effect of adding 3%SBS content on the viscoelastic ratio is,to some extent,less than that caused by 20% rubber powder.
基金Supported by the Changshu Municipal Health Commission Science and Technology Program,No.csws201902。
文摘BACKGROUND Colonoscopy quality relies heavily on adequate bowel preparation,yet traditional methods often result in suboptimal compliance.Emerging network-based monitoring systems offer promise for improving both preparation quality and patient cooperation,potentially enhancing clinical outcomes.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of an intestinal network monitoring system in enhancing the quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy and its impact on patient psychological and physiological responses,compliance,and adverse event rates.METHODS Between July 2019 and July 2020,800 enteroscopy patients who met the inclusion criteria in the outpatient clinic of the gastroenterology department of our hospital were randomly divided into 400 cases each in the experimental group(network monitoring group)and the control group(verbal+written preaching group),and the psychological and physiological stress response situation,colon Boston Bowel Preparation Scale,enteroscopy to blindness,arrival time to blindness,and polyp detection rate of the patients were compared before and after the intervention,compliance and adverse reactions were compared.RESULTS There was no difference in anxiety and depression scores,heart rate and systolic blood pressure between the groups before the intervention(P>0.05),and after the intervention,the patients’anxiety and depression scores were lower and lower in the study group(P<0.05);heart rate and systolic blood pressure were elevated,but lower in the test group(P<0.05).The left hemicolon,right hemicolon,transverse colon and total Boston Bowel Preparation Scale scores were lower in the test group than in the control group(P<0.05),the colonoscopy arrival rate and polyp detection rate were higher than those in the control group,and the time to arrival and time to exit the scope were shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05),and the dietary preparations,the preparations for taking medications and the total adherence scores were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 11.00%,which was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The Bowel Network Monitoring System has potential clinical promotion value in improving the quality of colonoscopic bowel preparation,which can effectively alleviate patient anxiety and depression,improve the quality of colonoscopic bowel preparation and patient compliance,and has a high degree of safety.
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Program of Rui’an,No.MS2023030.
文摘BACKGROUND In the field of clinical intestinal preparation,compound polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution(SF-PEG)is a commonly used intestinal cleaner.However,practice has shown that using only a single polyethylene glycol formulation often fails to achieve the desired intestinal preparation effect.Linalotide has a unique mechanism of action,which can effectively enhance the secretion of small intestinal fluid and promote intestinal peristalsis.The combination of linaclotide and SF-PEG may provide a better solution for intestinal preparation and improve the quality of intestinal cleaning.Therefore,exploring the application value and clinical efficacy of linaclotide capsules combined with SF-PEG in intestinal preparation is of great clinical significance.AIM To explore the effects of the combination of linaclotide capsules and SF-PEG,including its efficacy in intestinal preparation and patient tolerance.METHODS To investigate the differences in the effectiveness of different bowel preparation plans in colonoscopy,this article conducted a comprehensive and detailed retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients who underwent colonoscopy from January 2023 to December 2023.In this study,116 patients were accurately divided into three groups based on the different intestinal preparation drugs used before colonoscopy.Among them,group A consisted of 29 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using 3 liters of SF-PEG combined with linaclotide;group B consists of 50 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using 3 liters of SF-PEG;group C consisted of 37 patients who underwent intestinal preparation using a combination of 2-liter SF-PEC and linaclotide.Subsequently,this article evaluated the quality of intestinal preparation in these three groups of patients,using the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS)as a quantitative indicator,while comparing multiple indicators such as intestinal preparation completion rate and detection of positive lesions,providing a strong basis for optimizing clinical intestinal preparation plans.RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in BBPS scores(7.75±1.23,7.69±1.14,and 7.66±1.31;P=0.240),bowel preparation completion rates(96.55%,90.00%,and 97.30%;P=0.293),adenoma detection rates(20.69%,38.00%,and 32.43%;P=0.281),polyp detection rates(34.48%,50.00%,37.84%;P=0.326),insertion time(6.03±4.34,6.12±3.60,and 5.33±2.42;P=0.584),and patient satisfaction rates(89.66%,84.00%,and 97.30%;P=0.398)among the three groups.However,statistically significant differences were observed in withdrawal time(7.45±2.91,9.02±3.54,and 6.86±2.66;P=0.027)and adverse reaction rates(6.90%,20.00%,and 2.70%;P=0.029)among the three groups.Multiple comparisons showed that group C had significantly lower withdrawal time and adverse reaction rates than group B(P=0.013,P=0.016).CONCLUSION Linaclotide capsules show a trend in improving bowel preparation quality and reducing the dosage of SF-PEG.
文摘The term“gut microbiota”primarily refers to the ecological community of various microorganisms in the gut,which constitutes the largest microbial community in the human body.Although adequate bowel preparation can improve the results of colonoscopy,it may interfere with the gut microbiota.Bowel preparation for colonoscopy can lead to transient changes in the gut microbiota,potentially affecting an individual’s health,especially in vulnerable populations,such as patients with inflammatory bowel disease.However,measures such as oral pro-biotics may ameliorate these adverse effects.We focused on the bowel prepa-ration-induced changes in the gut microbiota and host health status,hypothesized the factors influencing these changes,and attempted to identify measures that may reduce dysbiosis,thereby providing more information for individualized bowel preparation for colonoscopy in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51574105)the Science and Technology Program of Hebei Province,China(No.23564101D)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2021209147)the Key Research Project of North China University of Science and Technology(No.ZD-ST-202308)the Postgraduate Innovation Funding Project of Hebei Province,China(No.CXZZBS2024135).
文摘Calcium ferrite(CF)is recognized as a potential green and efficient functional material because of its advantages of magnetism,electrochemistry,catalysis,and biocompatibility in the fields of materials chemistry,environmental engineering,and biomedicine.There-fore,the obtained research results need to be systematically summarized,and new perspectives on CF and its composite materials need to be analyzed.Based on the presented studies of CF and its composite materials,the types and structures of the crystal are summarized.In addition,the current application technologies and theoretical mechanisms with various properties in different fields are elucidated.Moreover,the various preparation methods of CF and its composite materials are elaborated in detail.Most importantly,the advantages and disadvantages of the synthesis methods of CF and its composite materials are discussed,and the existing problems and emerging challenges in practical production are identified.Furthermore,the key future research directions of CF and its composite materials have been prospected from the potential application technologies to provide references for its synthesis and efficient utilization.
文摘The typical method for preparing the porous carbon used in supercapacitors(SCs)is time-consuming and energy-intensive.We report a fast and efficient route to synthesize and tailor the structure of porous carbon by a Joule heating technique(JHT)using phenolic resin and precursors.During the JHT process,the time and energy needed are both significantly reduced because the precursor is heated to the target temperature at a rate of 1100 K/s,so the porous carbon is formed with the release of small molecules and the etching of the substrate by K_(2)CO_(3).JHT has a higher energy efficiency than traditional carbonization methods in a tube furnace and allows for precise control of the pyrolysis process,thus achieving better control of the material’s structure and properties.Samples obtained by JHT contain abundant pores and a large specific surface area(1652.7 m^(2)/g),which give an excellent specific capacitance of 476.0 F/g and rate capability(75.1%capacitance retention at 64.0 A/g in an aqueous alkaline electrolyte).Furthermore,in electrolytes of 17.0 mol/kg NaClO_(4)(water-in-salt)and 1.0 mol/L TEABF4/AN,the symmetric SCs have a maximum energy density of 33.3 and 50.8 Wh/kg at power densities of 220.4 and 376.4 W/kg,respectively.The cells also have good long-term stability,with a nearly 100%Coulombic efficiency,and a capacitance retention of 93.1%in a water-in-salt electrolyte after 10000 cycles,and 88.9%in an organic electrolyte after 8000 cycles.This study shows that JHT has the potential to serve as an ultra-fast method to prepare porous carbons for energy storage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in the Shaanxi Province of China(No.2023-JC-ZD-25)Shaanxi Province(Qin ChuangYuan)“Scientist+Engineer”Team Building(No.2022KXJ-040)+1 种基金Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Key Scientific Research Project(No.22JY024)Science and Technology Guidance Project Plan of China National Textile and Apparel Council(No.2022038,2023018).
文摘With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage technologies is particularly urgent.Electrochemical energy storage technologies have been widely used in multiple fields,especially supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries,as vital elements of storing renewable energy.In recent years,two-dimensional material MXene has shown great potential in energy and multiple application fields thanks to its excellent electrical properties,large specific surface area,and tunability.Based on the layered materials of MXene,researchers have successfully achieved the dual functions of energy storage and conversion by adjusting the surface terminals at the Fermi level.It is worth noting that compared with other two-dimensional materials,MXene has more active sites on the basal plane,showing excellent catalytic performance.In contrast,other two-dimensional materials have catalytic activity only at the edge sites.This article comprehensively overviews the synthesis process,structural characteristics,modification methods for MXene-based polymer materials,and their applications in electrochemical energy storage.It also briefly discusses the potential of MXene-polymer materials in electromagnetic shielding technology and sensors and looks forward to future research directions.
文摘OBJECTIVE The emergence of evolving variants of Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has fostered the need for change of newer and adaptive treatments for these infections.During the COVID-19 pandemic and persists,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)herbs exhibit significant bioactivity and therapeutic effect.This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four TCM preparations on 28-day mortality risk of patients and changes of the laboratory indicators.METHODS The retrospective cohort study included patients with COVID-19 who were admitted to the Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from December 15,2022 to January 15,2023,and those died within 48 hours of admission or cannot be tracked for outcomes were excluded.The primary outcome was survival status in 28 days(death or survival)starting from the day of admission.The second outcomes were laboratory indicators,including absolute lymphocyte count,lactate dehydrogenase,creatinine,and blood urea nitrogen.Binary logistic regressions were used to estimate the effect of TCM preparations on the primary and secondary outcomes in main analysis.Meanwhile,heterogeneity and robustness of results from main analysis were assessed by subgroup analyses and multiple sensitivity analyses.RESULTS 1816 eligible patients were included in analysis dataset,including 573 patients received standard care(control group)and 1243 patients received TCM preparations(hospital preparation group).The 28-day mortality rate of hospital preparation group was lower than that of control group(4.75%vs.14.83%),and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=54.666,P<0.001).The risk of 28-day mortality was 0.535 times lower in the hospital preparation group as compared with the control group(OR=0.46,95%CI:0.305-0.708,P<0.001)showed by multivariable binary logistic regressions.Subgroup analyses showed that taking TCM preparations reduced the 28-day mortality risk.Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that the results of the main analysis for primary outcomes were robust.For secondary outcomes,the risk of abnormal absolute lymphocyte counts at discharge in the hospital preparation group decreased by 0.284 times(OR=0.703,95%CI:0.515-0.961,P=0.027).CONCLUSION Compared with standard of care,taking four hospital preparations including Kanggan Heji,Feining Heji,Qishen Gubiao Keli,and Qianghuo Qushi Qingwen Heji decreased risk of 28-day mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.TCM therapy achieves adequate therapeutic effects in COVID-19.
文摘Bowel preparation is necessary for a successful colonoscopy,allowing for a smooth treatment procedure and an enhanced success rate.However,inadequate bowel preparation remains common in clinical practice,and no standardized approach exists in clinical practice.Therefore,this article reviews the primary methods available for bowel preparation and discusses their application status,efficiency,safety,and the associated patient experiences.This review aims to summarize and analyze the current status of various approaches,providing valuable reference to assist healthcare professionals in making informed decisions that lead to improved outcomes,patient comfort,and patient satisfaction.
基金supported in part by the financial support through the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22074008,22222402,22207098)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2024J13001)+1 种基金the Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Huan Province(No.2023ct01)The Special Fund for Zaozhuang Talent Agglomeration Project。
文摘DNA probes display advantages including flexible design,wide range of targets and high selectivity,but free DNA probes are confined to in vitro detection due to their poor cell penetration and low nuclease resistance.Nanomaterials-loaded DNA probes can effectively solve above limitations and promote them in vivo applications.Gold nanoparticles-based probes have been intensely investigated in the past,and AuNP@DNA nanoflare as one of the most powerful tools for biomedical study has been developed.So far,towards Au NP@DNA nanoflare,significant advances in preparation(e.g.,salt-aging,low pH-assisted and freezing-directed linking)and application(e.g.,sensing and therapeutic nanoflares)have been achieved since first report.In addition,scientific challenges involved in AuNP@DNA nanoflares have been concerned and some endeavor has been made recently.Here,a historical review is provided for AuNP@DNA nanoflares:methodology in preparation and applications in bioanalysis and biomedicine are delineated,challenges and outlook are also discussed,which are expected to improve the further development of this fertile research area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201994)。
文摘Sea buckthorn(Hippophae rhamnoides L.)is a natural homologous substance of medicine and food.Polysaccharide,as one of its primary active components,has very superior biological activity and can be used as a dietary supplement for functional foods,with good commercial prospects.Although initial progress has been made in the study of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,related studies have been fragmented and lacked systematic and generalization.This manuscript presents a critical analysis and systematic summary of the extraction and purification methods,structural characterization and physicochemical properties,biological activity and potential mechanisms,and structure-activity relationships of sea buckthorn polysaccharides.Accumulating evidence has indicated that sea buckthorn polysaccharides,which were widely prepared by water extraction and column chromatography purifications,exhibited exhibit superior biological activities in vitro and in vivo,including antioxidant,immunomodulatory,anti-inflammatory,hepatorenal protective,antibacterial,antiviral,and prebiotic activities.After analysis,it was concluded that there is a correlation between the relevant activities of sea buckthorn polysaccharides and that the structure of sea buckthorn polysaccharides has a great influence on their biological activity.We reviewed the challenges and limitations of sea buckthorn polysaccharides,summarized the critical aspects,and provided suggestions for potential breakthroughs in the research and application of sea buckthorn polysaccharide.
基金Supported by the Beijing Key Clinical Specialty Project.
文摘BACKGROUND Bowel preparation is a critical step in colonoscopy and endoscopic surgery.Adequate and effective bowel cleansing significantly improves lesion detection rates while reducing operative risks and complications.AIM To investigate the current state of inadequate bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy,identify the contributing factors,and develop interventions.METHODS This study was designed as a retrospective cohort study.A convenience sampling method was used to select 484 patients who underwent colonoscopy at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital,Capital Medical University,from October 2023 to October 2024.General patient data,disease-related variables,and the Boston bowel preparation scale were collected.Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the factors associated with inadequate bowel preparation.RESULTS Among the 484 patients,the rate of inadequate bowel preparation was 25.8%(125/484).Influential factors for poor bowel preparation included history of colorectal surgery[odds ratio(OR)=5.814],low-residue diet 1 day prior(OR=0.145),time interval from last dose to start of examination(OR=1.447),total exercise time after medication(OR=0.992),and total number of bowel movements after medication(OR=0.900)(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION This study highlights several modifiable and non-modifiable factors influencing bowel preparation,such as surgical history and behavioral adherence.The findings support implementing dietary adjustments,optimized laxative timing,physical activity guidance,and tailored strategies for high-risk patients to improve bowel cleansing and enhance the diagnostic accuracy of colonoscopy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52475347)the National Program of Foreign Experts of China(No.G2023026003L)+3 种基金the High-end Foreign Experts Introduction Project of Henan Province,China(No.HNGD2025026)Project supported by the Program for the Top Young Talents of Henan Province,China,Project(No.242102521057)sponsored by the International Science and Technology Cooperation Project of Henan Province,China,and projects supported by China Postdoctoral Foundation(No.2023M740475)Henan Provincial Science and Technology R&D Joint Fund(Industry)(No.225101610002).
文摘In recent years,superhard coatings have emerged as a focal point in metal material research due to their innovative design strategies and exceptional mechanical properties.They are widely utilized in industries such as shielding,oil extraction,and coal mining.However,in practical applications,tools often suffer from wear,fractures,plastic deformation,and other types of failure,directly impacting machining efficiency,costs,and product quality.To mitigate these challenges,the selection of appropriate tool materials and preparation methods is critical to ensure sustained production efficiency.Therefore,it is essential to identify and develop coating materials with superior performance.Recent advancements in superhard coatings are reviewed comprehensively;preparation methods are discussed for superhard tools;diamond coatings,diamond-like carbon coatings,cubic boron nitride coatings and graphite carbon nitride coatings are examined specifically.It analyzes their microstructures,phase transformation processes,mechanical properties,and formation mechanisms,while also evaluating properties such as wear resistance,corrosion resistance,and high hardness.The applicability of existing theoretical models is verified and new frameworks for future superhard coating designs are proposed.Moreover,the current research limitations in tool coatings are identified and directions for future research and development are proposed.
基金Supported by Jiaxing Science and Technology Projects,No.2023AD31041。
文摘BACKGROUND Colonoscopic polypectomy is a crucial procedure for the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer,with its success and safety largely dependent on the quality of bowel preparation.Currently,polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution remains the standard method for bowel preparation,but its use may cause patient discomfort and incomplete cleansing.AIM To evaluate impact of enhanced and conventional bowel preparation protocols on the outcomes of colonoscopic polypectomy.METHODS This retrospective cohort study collected data from 130 patients who underwent colonoscopic polypectomy between March 2023 and June 2024.Patients were divided into the conventional bowel preparation group(n=65)and enhanced bowel preparation group(n=65).Primary outcome measures included Boston Bowel Preparation Scale(BBPS)scores,procedure-related parameters,complication rates,and prognosis.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with P<0.05 indicating statistical significance.RESULTS The enhanced group demonstrated significant advantages over the conventional group,with higher BBPS total scores(4.2±0.7 vs 3.1±0.8,P<0.001),higher onetime complete resection rates(95.4%vs 83.1%,P=0.01),shorter operative times(23.1±4.8 vs 25.4±5.2 min,P=0.03),and lesser intraoperative blood loss(18.2±4.5 vs 20.3±5.1 mL,P=0.04).Total complication rates were significantly lower(5.9%vs 16.9%,P=0.05),particularly for bleeding(1.5%vs 16.9%,P=0.01)and infection(1.5%vs 7.7%,P=0.04).The enhanced group also showed lower 6-month recurrence rates(3.1%vs 10.8%,P=0.05)and higher patient satisfaction(87.7%vs 76.9%,P=0.04)than did the conventional group.CONCLUSION The enhanced bowel preparation protocol demonstrates significant advantages,particularly in improving surgical outcomes,reducing complications,and increasing patient satisfaction,underscoring its importance of its application during colonoscopic polypectomy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42107284 and 22078177)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZB20240410)。
文摘Decabromodiphenyl ethane(DBDPE)is widely used as an additive flame retardant and has led to global pollution.Its has a large molecular mass and is prone to debromination and degradation under photothermal conditions,resulting in smaller homologous compounds.Due to the lack of standard substances for debromination products,the in-depth study of DBDPE environmental geochemical behavior through debromination conversion has been hindered.Therefore,based on DBDPE photodegradation experiment,this study first analyzed and identified the brominated products of DBDPE using high-performance liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-time of flight mass spectrometry(HPLC-APPI-TOF/MS).Four debromination products-nonabromodiphenyl ethane(nonaBDPE),octabromodiphenyl ethane(octa-BDPE),heptabromodiphenyl ethane(hepta-BDPE)and hexabromodiphenyl ethane(hexa-BDPE)are identified based on the characteristic ion peak of[M-Br+O]^(-) in negative ion mode.Subsequently,using methanol as the mobile phase,four debromination products of DBDPE were separated and purified with a semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography(SP-HPLC)system equipped with an Agilent Zorbax Eclipse PAH column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm).The first-time acquisition of hexa-BDPE(60.00μg),octa-BDPE(19.40μg),hepta-BDPE(31.20μg)and octa-BDPE(isomer,45.20μg)with purity exceeding 90%has been achieved.Among them,the purity of one hepta-BDPE monomer is as high as 98.91%.This study indicates that based on photodegradation experiments,the combination of HPLC-APPI-TOF/MS and SP-HPLC techniques can rapidly identify and prepare DBDPE debrominated products.This approach meets the requirements for preliminary research on the pollution characteristics of DBDPE debrominated compounds and offers a feasible solution for the preparation of standard reference materials for emerging pollutants.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22202065).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)transition metal sulfides(TMDs)are emerging and highly well received 2D materials,which are considered as an ideal 2D platform for studying various electronic properties and potential applications due to their chemical diversity.Converting 2D TMDs into one-dimensional(1D)TMDs nanotubes can not only retain some advantages of 2D nanosheets but also providing a unique direction to explore the novel properties of TMDs materials in the 1D limit.However,the controllable preparation of high-quality nanotubes remains a major challenge.It is very necessary to review the advanced development of one-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide nanotubes from preparation to application.Here,we first summarize a series of bottom-up synthesis methods of 1D TMDs,such as template growth and metal catalyzed method.Then,top-down synthesis methods are summarized,which included selfcuring and stacking of TMDs nanosheets.In addition,we discuss some key applications that utilize the properties of 1D-TMDs nanotubes in the areas of catalyst preparation,energy storage,and electronic devices.Last but not least,we prospect the preparation methods of high-quality 1D-TMDs nanotubes,which will lay a foundation for the synthesis of high-performance optoelectronic devices,catalysts,and energy storage components.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to prepare doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes and explore their application value in patients with liver cancer.Methods:Doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes were prepared using the ammonium sulfate gradient method.Doxorubicin,as a broad-spectrum antitumor drug,has significant toxic and side effects after toxicological investigation.After preparing DOX-Lip,single-factor analysis was used to analyze the effects of solution pH,number of ultrafiltration,oil-water ratio,incubation temperature,and time on the encapsulation efficiency of doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes.The process was optimized through orthogonal experiments and then applied clinically.110 patients with liver cancer were selected as the research subjects to verify the drug’s effectiveness.Results:The results of this study showed that under optimal process conditions,the prepared doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes were evenly distributed,similar to spherical shapes,with an average particle size of 85–87 mm and a Zeta potential of 15–16 mV,indicating good encapsulation efficiency.The application of these liposomes to clinical treatment of liver cancer demonstrated good therapeutic effects and could effectively promote favorable patient prognosis.Conclusion:The doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomes prepared through process optimization exhibit strong stability and pronounced sustained-release characteristics,providing a solid foundation for the treatment of liver cancer.
基金Supported by Shanghai Municipal Hospital Emerging Frontier Technology Joint Project,No.SHDC12019105Shanghai Science and Technology Development Funds,No.24YF2758200National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82100699.
文摘BACKGROUND The clinical effectiveness of magnetically controlled capsule endoscopy(MCE)is well established.However,problems,such as abdominal distension,insufficient gastric filling,and prolonged gastric retention time,persist with MCE gastric preparations.AIM To compare gastric filling using a carbonated soft drink with that using pure water during MCE.METHODS We performed an open-label randomised controlled trial at the Endoscopy Centre of Changhai Hospital in Shanghai.Patients aged 18-80 years,with or without gastrointestinal symptoms,scheduled for MCE were consecutively recruited.Those who provided informed consent were randomly assigned to the carbonated soft drink group(C group)or water group(W group)in a 1:1 ratio.For patients in the W group,1000 mL of water was ingested to distend the stomach,whereas for patients in the C group,550 mL of carbonated soft drink was provided,and patients were required to drink quickly while minimising burping.The primary endpoint was the number of patients with a gastric filling score of≥4 within 5 minutes after the capsule entered the stomach.RESULTS From December 3,2020 to May 17,2021,252 patients(141 men),aged 18-77 years,were assigned to the C(n=126)and W(n=126)groups.For the primary outcome,123 patients in the C group achieved a gastric filling score of≥4(97.62%vs 80.16%,P<0.0001).More patients in the C group had the highest gastric filling scores within the first 5 min(78.57%vs 29.37%,P<0.0001)and 10 minutes(54.76%vs 13.49%,P<0.0001)after the capsule entered the stomach.More patients in the W group required extra liquid for gastric refilling(1.59%vs 16.67%,P<0.0001).Transpyloric passage of the capsule under magnetic control was successfully performed in 43 patients in the C group(P<0.0001),accompanied by a shorter gastric transit time(53.27±53.83 minutes vs 71.12±52.19 minutes,P=0.001).CONCLUSION Carbonated soft drinks demonstrated superior and more sustained gastric filling compared with those of water alone,with the potential to promote gastric emptying.
基金the“International Trade”course in the research-based teaching project of undergraduate universities in Henan Province in 2023(project approval number:121)。
文摘This study investigated proactive personality effects on employment preparation and the mediating roles of self-efficacy and career exploration behaviors in this relationship.The study sample comprised 445 university students(68.3%female;aged 20 to 24)from a university in central China.The participants completed measures to assess proactive personality,employment preparation,self-efficacy,and career exploration behaviors.Structural equation modeling analysis results indicated that proactive personality predicted higher employment preparation;Self-efficacy and career exploration behaviors partially mediated this relationship.Specifically,career exploration behaviors had a stronger mediating effect than self-efficacy on the total effect(34.71%vs.28.89%).The findings suggest proactive personality is key to employment preparation through self-belief and willingness to explore the job market.Higher education career counseling and mental health education programs should provide targeted training to promote career exploration by the student’s personal attributes for best match employment preparation.
文摘High-purity antimony(Sb)is essential for industries like semiconductors and photovoltaics,driving research on its production.This review summarizes research advances in production and preparation techniques for high-purity Sb.Three process flowcharts to produce high-purity Sb are described according to different raw materials.Various process parameters of vacuum distillation,zone refining purification techniques and research progress in the field of high-purity Sb are discussed.Numerical simulation,atomic scale simulation,and research progress of alloying elements in the field of high-purity Sb are highlighted.It is shown that for the difficult removal of As element in Sb,the addition of Al makes the regional refining process more effective in reducing the arsenic content.Finally,the purification of high-purity Sb is summarized,providing insights into achieving efficient and environmentally friendly high-purity Sb production and outlining future directions.
