A new protocol for quantum secure communication with authentication is proposed. The proposed protocol has a higher capacity as each EPR pair can carry four classical bits by the XOR operation and an auxiliary photon....A new protocol for quantum secure communication with authentication is proposed. The proposed protocol has a higher capacity as each EPR pair can carry four classical bits by the XOR operation and an auxiliary photon. Tile security and efficiency are analyzed in detail and the major advantage of this protocol is that it is more efficient without losing security.展开更多
A two-step quantum secure direct dialogue protocol using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)pair block is proposed.In the protocol,the dialogue messages are encoded on series of qubits and sent through a quantum channel dire...A two-step quantum secure direct dialogue protocol using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)pair block is proposed.In the protocol,the dialogue messages are encoded on series of qubits and sent through a quantum channel directly.The security of the protocol is assured by its connection to the two-step quantum secure direct communication protocol,which has been proved secure.This protocol has several advantages.It is a direct communication protocol that does not require a separate classical communication for the ciphertext.It has high capacity as two bits of secret messages can be transmitted by an EPR pair.As a dialogue protocol,the two parties can speak to each other either simultaneously or sequentially.展开更多
Let F_(1)be the virtual field consisting of one element and(Q,I)a string pair.In this paper,we study the representations of string pairs over the virtual field F_(1).It is proved that an indecomposable F_(1)-represent...Let F_(1)be the virtual field consisting of one element and(Q,I)a string pair.In this paper,we study the representations of string pairs over the virtual field F_(1).It is proved that an indecomposable F_(1)-representation is either a string representation or a band representation by using the coefficient quivers.It is worth noting that for a given band and a positive integer,there exists a unique band representation up to isomorphism.展开更多
Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries...Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries.This brief review highlights the significant progress made in precise tests of CP symmetry at BESIII using entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs。展开更多
This study introduces a novel pairs trading strategy based on copulas for cointegrated pairs of cryptocurrencies.To identify the most suitable pairs and generate trading signals formulated from a reference asset for a...This study introduces a novel pairs trading strategy based on copulas for cointegrated pairs of cryptocurrencies.To identify the most suitable pairs and generate trading signals formulated from a reference asset for analyzing the mispricing index,the study employs linear and nonlinear cointegration tests,a correlation coefficient measure,and fits different copula families,respectively.The strategy’s performance is then evaluated by conducting back-testing for various triggers of opening positions,assessing its returns and risks.The findings indicate that the proposed method outperforms previously examined trading strategies of pairs based on cointegration or copulas in terms of profitability and risk-adjusted returns.展开更多
1.Background Crop diseases diminish potential yields by over 20%annually worldwide[1],driving a century-long quest to understand and harness genetic resistance in plants.The genetic basis of disease resistance was fir...1.Background Crop diseases diminish potential yields by over 20%annually worldwide[1],driving a century-long quest to understand and harness genetic resistance in plants.The genetic basis of disease resistance was first recognized in the early 1900s,when Biffen(1905)demonstrated that resistance to stripe rust in wheat(Triticum aestivum)followed Mendelian rules of inheritance[2].This foundational insight was later expanded by Flor(1942),who formulated the“gene-for-gene”model describing the genetic interplay between host resistance(R)genes and pathogen avirulence(Avr)genes[3].展开更多
Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by oral and periocular dryness.Astragalus-Salvia(AS)and Ophiopogon-Dendrobium(OD)represent two frequently utilized herb pairs in SS treatmen...Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by oral and periocular dryness.Astragalus-Salvia(AS)and Ophiopogon-Dendrobium(OD)represent two frequently utilized herb pairs in SS treatment.While the combination of AS-OD herb pairs demonstrates clinical efficacy in alleviating SS symptoms,its underlying mechanism remains unclear.This investigation sought to assess the therapeutic effects and elucidate the potential mechanisms of AS-OD in non-obese diabetic(NOD)/Ltj mice with SS.The study utilized NOD/Ltj mice as SS models,administering AS-OD treatment for 10 weeks at doses of 113.1,226.2,and 339.3 mg·d−1·20 g−1.Results demonstrated that AS-OD improved SS symptoms,evidenced by enhanced salivary flow rate,decreased anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibody levels,increased swimming duration,and reduced lactate(LA)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels in NOD/Ltj mice.AS-OD reduced lymphocyte infiltration,enhanced Aquaporin-5(AQP5)expression in the submandibular gland,decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the submandibular gland,and reduced the T helper type 17/regulatory T lymphocyte(Th17/Treg)cell ratio in the spleen.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated AS-OD’s involvement in regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)and Janus kinase 3/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK1/STAT3)pathways,with inhibitory effects validated in both NOD/Ltj mice submandibular gland and A-253 cells.Furthermore,AS-OD enhanced cell viability and reduced A-253 cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway.In A-253 cells,AS-OD reduced inflammatory cytokine levels,CXC chemokine ligand 9/10(CXCL9/10),and T-cell chemotaxis by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 pathway.AS-OD mitigates SS by suppressing inflammation and immune responses through the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 pathways.展开更多
A series of amine-bridged bis(phenolate)rare-earth(Sc,Y)aryloxides was synthesized and characterized.These complexes were successfully used for the controlled Lewis pair polymerization(LPP)of functional acrylamides in...A series of amine-bridged bis(phenolate)rare-earth(Sc,Y)aryloxides was synthesized and characterized.These complexes were successfully used for the controlled Lewis pair polymerization(LPP)of functional acrylamides in combination with phosphines,affording a new type of polyacrylamides with predictable molecular weight and low molecular weight distribution.The living nature of this LPP was verified by near-quantitative initiation efficiencies,a linear increase of molecular weight vs monomer-to-initiator ratio and monomer conversion,chain extensions,and the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers.The mechanistic studies were performed through the isolation of a zwitterionic intermediate as well as the end-chain analysis of oligomers,showcasing a rare-earth/phosphine cooperation.Furthermore,the resultant polyacrylamides exhibit outstanding thermal stability and great potential for application in photovoltaic devices.展开更多
The development of solid frustrated Lewis pairs(FLPs)catalysts with porous structures is a promising strategy for advancing green hydrogenation technologies and has garnered significant attention.Leveraging the divers...The development of solid frustrated Lewis pairs(FLPs)catalysts with porous structures is a promising strategy for advancing green hydrogenation technologies and has garnered significant attention.Leveraging the diverse oxidation states and structural tunability of cerium-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs),this study employed a competitive coordination strategy utilizing a single carboxylate functional group ligand to construct a series of MOF-808-X(X=-NH_(2),-OH,-Br,and-NO_(2))featuring rich solid-state FLPs for hydrogenation of unsaturated olefins.The-X functional group serves as a microenvironment,enhancing hydrogenation activity by modulating the electronic properties and acid-base characteristics of the FLP sites.The unique redox properties of elemental cerium facilitate the exposure of unsaturated Ce sites(Ce-CUS,Lewis acid(LA))and adjacent Ce-OH(Lewis base(LB))sites within the MOFs,generating abundant solid-state FLP(Ce-CUS/Ce-OH)sites.Experimental results demonstrate that Ce-CUS and Ce-OH interact with theσandσ^(*)orbitals of H-H,and this"push-pull"synergy promotes heterolytic cleavage of the H-H bond.The lone pair electrons of the electron-donating functional group are transmitted through the molecular backbone to the LB site,thereby increasing its strength and reducing the activation energy required for H_(2)heterolytic cleavage.Notably,at 100℃and 2 MPa H_(2),MOF-808-NH_(2)achieves complete conversion of styrene and dicyclopentadiene,significantly outperforming MOF-808.Based on in-situ analysis and density functional theory calculations,a plausible reaction mechanism is proposed.This research enriches the theoretical framework for unsaturated olefin hydrogenation catalysts and contributes to the development of efficient catalytic systems.展开更多
Long-cycling dendrite-free solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) require fast and uniform lithium-ion (Liþ)transport of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). However, the SSEs still face the problems of low ionic...Long-cycling dendrite-free solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) require fast and uniform lithium-ion (Liþ)transport of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). However, the SSEs still face the problems of low ionic conductivity, lowLiþ transference number, and unstable interface with lithium metal. In this work, a novel strategy of frustratedLewis pairs (FLPs) modulating solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) has been firstly proposed that enables durable Lireversible cycling. The tunable strength of Lewis acid and base dual-active sites of nickel borate FLPs can syn-ergisticallypromote both the dissociation of lithium salts and the transfer of Liþ. As a consequence, the FLPsmodulated SPEs (SPE-NiBO-150) exhibit high ionic conductivity of 4.92×10^(-4)S cm^(-1), high Liþ transferencenumber of 0.74, and superior interface compatibility with both lithium anode and LiFePO4 cathode at room-temperature.The Li//SPE-NiBO-150//Li symmetric cell demonstrates ultralong cycle stability (over 10,000 h(417 days) at both current density of 0.2 and 0.5 mA cm〓〓2), and the assembled solid-state LiFePO4//SPE-NiBO-150//Libattery also shows excellent performance (86% capacity retention for 300 cycles at 0.5C). The presentwork supplies a new insight into designing high-performance SPEs for solid-state LMB applications.展开更多
In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).A...In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).Additionally,we establish the upper and lower bounds of these functions,factoring in the explicit error terms involved.Crucially,our findings reveal that a(n)and b(n)both satisfy several inequalities such as log-concavity,third-order Turan inequalities,and strict log-subadditivity.展开更多
Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteri...Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers,and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother–child pairs.Methods:We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group,as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group.Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events.Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD.Results:A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited.A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD,and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD.Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers.Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups.Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring.Conclusions:PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics.The mother–child gut microbiota is closely related,suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children.This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.展开更多
The construction of frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs(FLPs)in porous systems is very important for the field of industrial hydrogenation catalysis,but there is still a great challenge.Based on the Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox ...The construction of frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs(FLPs)in porous systems is very important for the field of industrial hydrogenation catalysis,but there is still a great challenge.Based on the Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox pairs and abundant defects in porous Ce-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs),FLP sites consisting of ligand-defective Ce sites(Lewis acid,LA)and neighboring terminal O sites(Lewis base,LB)were constructed in situ by a simple vacuum thermal activation method in lamellar Ce-UiO-66-F.Defects/oxygen vacancies in the Ce-MOFs structure result in the difference in the electron cloud density between Ce and O,which is suitable for H-H hetero-cleavage and H-transfer in the dicyclopentadiene(DCPD)hydrogenation process.Particularly,Ce-UiO-66-F-200 achieved 96.9%conversion of DCPD and 97.8%selectivity of 8,9-dihydrodicyclopentadiene(8,9-DHDCPD)at 100℃ under 2MPa H2 for 10 h,which is 9.4 times higher than 10.2%conversion of DCPD over the unactivated Ce-UiO-66-F.This research promotes the understanding of solid MOFs-based porous FLPs for H_(2) activation,and encourages the in-depth investigation of surface solid FLPs to the whole material FLPs.展开更多
Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)pollutant to the high-value 4-aminophenol(4-AP)with a clean hydrogen donor holds significant importance yet great challenges owing to the difficult activation of nitro and H s...Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)pollutant to the high-value 4-aminophenol(4-AP)with a clean hydrogen donor holds significant importance yet great challenges owing to the difficult activation of nitro and H species.In this work,Ag tailoring Frustrated Lewis pairs(FLPs)of CeO_(2)(Ag/CeO_(2))were successfully fabricated for electrochemical reduction reaction of 4-NP(4-NP ERR).As a result,the bond of Ag with O atom changed the state of the Ce-O bond and electron density,where the tailored FLPs were the key factor for enhancing absorption and activation.The reaction rate of Ag/CeO_(2)reached up to 4.70 mmol·min^(-1)(Faraday efficiency:99.5%),which was about four times of CeO_(2).Additionally,this study delved into the proton-coupled electron processes to further understand the mechanism of 4-NP ERR.Therefore,in this study,we have endeavored to investigate the role of tailored FLPs sites and utilize this structure-function relationship to achieve environmentalfriendly chemical synthesis.展开更多
Heterogeneous solid frustrated-Lewis-pair(FLP)catalyst is of great promise in practical hydrogenation applications.It has been found that all-solid FLPs can be created on ceria via surface oxygen vacancy regulation.Co...Heterogeneous solid frustrated-Lewis-pair(FLP)catalyst is of great promise in practical hydrogenation applications.It has been found that all-solid FLPs can be created on ceria via surface oxygen vacancy regulation.Consequently,it is desired to investigate the mechanisms of the FLP-catalyzed hydrogenation of C=C and C=O and provide insight into the modification of CeO_(2)catalysts for the selective hydrogenation.In this work,the reaction mechanism of the hydrogenation of CH_(2)=CH_(2)and CH_(3)CH=O at the FLP sites constructed on CeO_(2)(110)surface was investigated by density functional theory(DFT),with the classical Lewis acid-base pairs(CLP)site as the reference.The results illustrate that at the CLP site,the dissociated hydride(H^(δ−))forms a stable H−O bond with the surface O atom,while at the FLP site,H^(δ−)is stabilized by Ce,displaying higher activity on the one hand.On the other hand,the electron cloud density of the Ce atom at the FLP site is higher,which can transfer more electrons to the adsorbed C_(C=C)and O_(C=O)atoms,leading to a higher degree of activation for C=C and C=O bonds,as indicated by the Bader charge analysis.Therefore,compared to the CLP site,the FLP site exhibits higher hydrogenation activity for CH_(2)=CH_(2)and CH_(3)CH=O.Furthermore,at the FLP sites,it demonstrates high efficiency in catalyzing the hydrogenation of CH_(2)=CH_(2)with the rate-determining barrier of 1.04 eV,but it shows limited activity for the hydrogenation of CH_(3)CH=O with the rate-determining barrier of 1.94 eV.It means that the selective hydrogenation of C=C can be effectively achieved at the FLP sites concerning selective hydrogenation catalysis.The insights shown in this work help to clarify the reaction mechanism of the hydrogenation of C=C and C=O at FLP site on CeO_(2)(110)and reveal the relationship between the catalytic performance and the nature of the active site,which is of great benefit to development of rational design of heterogeneous FLP catalysts.展开更多
Pairs of entangled vortex photons can promise new prospects of application in quantum computing and cryptography.We investigate the possibility of generating such states via two-level atom emission induced by a single...Pairs of entangled vortex photons can promise new prospects of application in quantum computing and cryptography.We investigate the possibility of generating such states via two-level atom emission induced by a single photon wave packet with a definite total angular momentum(TAM).The entangled pair produced in this process possesses well-defined mean TAM with the TAM variation being much smaller than h.On top of that,the variation exponentially decreases with the increase in TAM of the incident photon.Our model allows one to track the time evolution of the state of the entangled pair.An experimentally feasible scenario is assumed,in which the incident photon interacts with a spatially confined atomic target.We conclude that induced emission can be used as a source of entangled vortex photons with applications in atomic physics experiments,quantum optics,and quantum information sciences.展开更多
The alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a crucial process for sustainable hydrogen production,yet it requires efficient and stable electrocatalysts to overcome the high activation energy barrier.The article di...The alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a crucial process for sustainable hydrogen production,yet it requires efficient and stable electrocatalysts to overcome the high activation energy barrier.The article discusses a novel strategy for enhancing the performance of Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide(Ni-Fe LDH)in the alkaline HER by modifying it with a frustrated Lewis acid-base pair(FLP)constructed through vacancy engineering.The study found that the modified Ni-Fe LDH exhibited improved alkaline HER performance.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the introduction of FLP can activate water and protons more efficiently than monometallic sites,thus reducing the alkaline HER energy barrier and overpotential.In HER under alkaline conditions,the Volmer step involves an additional hydrolysis dissociation compared to acidic conditions,which is one of the factors contributing to the slow reaction kinetics.This paper demonstrates that FLPs can alter the rate-determining step in alkaline HER from the Volmer step to a step with a lower energy barrier,more suitable for hydrogen desorption.The work provides new insights into the role of FLPs in regulating the mechanism and kinetics of HER and opens a new direction for the design and optimization of LDH-based and other electrocatalysts.展开更多
Water and ethanol were selected as refrigerants, 13x molecular sieve, silica gel, activated carbon and adsorbents NA and NB prepared by authors were selected as adsorbents, and the performance of adsorption working pa...Water and ethanol were selected as refrigerants, 13x molecular sieve, silica gel, activated carbon and adsorbents NA and NB prepared by authors were selected as adsorbents, and the performance of adsorption working pairs in adsorption refrigeration system was studied. The adsorption isotherms of adsorbents (NA and NB) were obtained by high vacuum gravimetric method. Desorption properties of adsorbents were analyzed and compared by thermal analysis method. The performance parameters of adsorption refrigerat...展开更多
基金Supported by the Chongqing Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology under Grant No cstc2014jcyjA40028
文摘A new protocol for quantum secure communication with authentication is proposed. The proposed protocol has a higher capacity as each EPR pair can carry four classical bits by the XOR operation and an auxiliary photon. Tile security and efficiency are analyzed in detail and the major advantage of this protocol is that it is more efficient without losing security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.10874098 and 11175094)the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant Nos.2009CB929402 and 2011CB9216-002)
文摘A two-step quantum secure direct dialogue protocol using Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen(EPR)pair block is proposed.In the protocol,the dialogue messages are encoded on series of qubits and sent through a quantum channel directly.The security of the protocol is assured by its connection to the two-step quantum secure direct communication protocol,which has been proved secure.This protocol has several advantages.It is a direct communication protocol that does not require a separate classical communication for the ciphertext.It has high capacity as two bits of secret messages can be transmitted by an EPR pair.As a dialogue protocol,the two parties can speak to each other either simultaneously or sequentially.
文摘Let F_(1)be the virtual field consisting of one element and(Q,I)a string pair.In this paper,we study the representations of string pairs over the virtual field F_(1).It is proved that an indecomposable F_(1)-representation is either a string representation or a band representation by using the coefficient quivers.It is worth noting that for a given band and a positive integer,there exists a unique band representation up to isomorphism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12225509),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12247101)the Polish National Science Centre(Grant No.2024/53/B/ST2/00975)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.lzujbky-2024-jdzx06)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(Grant No.22JR5RA389)the‘111 Center’under Grant No.B20063。
文摘Decays of charmonium into hyperon and antihyperon pairs provide a pristine laboratory for exploring hyperon properties,such as their polarization and decay parameters,and for conducting tests of fundamental symmetries.This brief review highlights the significant progress made in precise tests of CP symmetry at BESIII using entangled hyperon-antihyperon pairs。
基金financial support of the grant GAČR 22-19617 S“Modeling the structure and dynamics of energy,commodity,and alternative asset prices.”。
文摘This study introduces a novel pairs trading strategy based on copulas for cointegrated pairs of cryptocurrencies.To identify the most suitable pairs and generate trading signals formulated from a reference asset for analyzing the mispricing index,the study employs linear and nonlinear cointegration tests,a correlation coefficient measure,and fits different copula families,respectively.The strategy’s performance is then evaluated by conducting back-testing for various triggers of opening positions,assessing its returns and risks.The findings indicate that the proposed method outperforms previously examined trading strategies of pairs based on cointegration or copulas in terms of profitability and risk-adjusted returns.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U21A20224)the Key Research and Development Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2023YFD1200402) to Zhiyong Liuby funding from King Abdullah University of Science and Technology to Brande B.H.Wulff
文摘1.Background Crop diseases diminish potential yields by over 20%annually worldwide[1],driving a century-long quest to understand and harness genetic resistance in plants.The genetic basis of disease resistance was first recognized in the early 1900s,when Biffen(1905)demonstrated that resistance to stripe rust in wheat(Triticum aestivum)followed Mendelian rules of inheritance[2].This foundational insight was later expanded by Flor(1942),who formulated the“gene-for-gene”model describing the genetic interplay between host resistance(R)genes and pathogen avirulence(Avr)genes[3].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82074341).
文摘Sjögren’s syndrome(SS)is an autoimmune disease characterized primarily by oral and periocular dryness.Astragalus-Salvia(AS)and Ophiopogon-Dendrobium(OD)represent two frequently utilized herb pairs in SS treatment.While the combination of AS-OD herb pairs demonstrates clinical efficacy in alleviating SS symptoms,its underlying mechanism remains unclear.This investigation sought to assess the therapeutic effects and elucidate the potential mechanisms of AS-OD in non-obese diabetic(NOD)/Ltj mice with SS.The study utilized NOD/Ltj mice as SS models,administering AS-OD treatment for 10 weeks at doses of 113.1,226.2,and 339.3 mg·d−1·20 g−1.Results demonstrated that AS-OD improved SS symptoms,evidenced by enhanced salivary flow rate,decreased anti-SSA/Ro and anti-SSB/La antibody levels,increased swimming duration,and reduced lactate(LA)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels in NOD/Ltj mice.AS-OD reduced lymphocyte infiltration,enhanced Aquaporin-5(AQP5)expression in the submandibular gland,decreased inflammatory cytokine levels in the submandibular gland,and reduced the T helper type 17/regulatory T lymphocyte(Th17/Treg)cell ratio in the spleen.Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses indicated AS-OD’s involvement in regulating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)and Janus kinase 3/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK1/STAT3)pathways,with inhibitory effects validated in both NOD/Ltj mice submandibular gland and A-253 cells.Furthermore,AS-OD enhanced cell viability and reduced A-253 cell apoptosis through the PI3K/AKT pathway.In A-253 cells,AS-OD reduced inflammatory cytokine levels,CXC chemokine ligand 9/10(CXCL9/10),and T-cell chemotaxis by inhibiting the JAK1/STAT3 pathway.AS-OD mitigates SS by suppressing inflammation and immune responses through the PI3K/AKT and JAK1/STAT3 pathways.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21871204,22371198)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province。
文摘A series of amine-bridged bis(phenolate)rare-earth(Sc,Y)aryloxides was synthesized and characterized.These complexes were successfully used for the controlled Lewis pair polymerization(LPP)of functional acrylamides in combination with phosphines,affording a new type of polyacrylamides with predictable molecular weight and low molecular weight distribution.The living nature of this LPP was verified by near-quantitative initiation efficiencies,a linear increase of molecular weight vs monomer-to-initiator ratio and monomer conversion,chain extensions,and the synthesis of well-defined block copolymers.The mechanistic studies were performed through the isolation of a zwitterionic intermediate as well as the end-chain analysis of oligomers,showcasing a rare-earth/phosphine cooperation.Furthermore,the resultant polyacrylamides exhibit outstanding thermal stability and great potential for application in photovoltaic devices.
文摘The development of solid frustrated Lewis pairs(FLPs)catalysts with porous structures is a promising strategy for advancing green hydrogenation technologies and has garnered significant attention.Leveraging the diverse oxidation states and structural tunability of cerium-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs),this study employed a competitive coordination strategy utilizing a single carboxylate functional group ligand to construct a series of MOF-808-X(X=-NH_(2),-OH,-Br,and-NO_(2))featuring rich solid-state FLPs for hydrogenation of unsaturated olefins.The-X functional group serves as a microenvironment,enhancing hydrogenation activity by modulating the electronic properties and acid-base characteristics of the FLP sites.The unique redox properties of elemental cerium facilitate the exposure of unsaturated Ce sites(Ce-CUS,Lewis acid(LA))and adjacent Ce-OH(Lewis base(LB))sites within the MOFs,generating abundant solid-state FLP(Ce-CUS/Ce-OH)sites.Experimental results demonstrate that Ce-CUS and Ce-OH interact with theσandσ^(*)orbitals of H-H,and this"push-pull"synergy promotes heterolytic cleavage of the H-H bond.The lone pair electrons of the electron-donating functional group are transmitted through the molecular backbone to the LB site,thereby increasing its strength and reducing the activation energy required for H_(2)heterolytic cleavage.Notably,at 100℃and 2 MPa H_(2),MOF-808-NH_(2)achieves complete conversion of styrene and dicyclopentadiene,significantly outperforming MOF-808.Based on in-situ analysis and density functional theory calculations,a plausible reaction mechanism is proposed.This research enriches the theoretical framework for unsaturated olefin hydrogenation catalysts and contributes to the development of efficient catalytic systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52162036,52174284 and 22378342)the Key Project of Nature Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province(2021D01D08)the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2024JK2094).
文摘Long-cycling dendrite-free solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) require fast and uniform lithium-ion (Liþ)transport of solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). However, the SSEs still face the problems of low ionic conductivity, lowLiþ transference number, and unstable interface with lithium metal. In this work, a novel strategy of frustratedLewis pairs (FLPs) modulating solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) has been firstly proposed that enables durable Lireversible cycling. The tunable strength of Lewis acid and base dual-active sites of nickel borate FLPs can syn-ergisticallypromote both the dissociation of lithium salts and the transfer of Liþ. As a consequence, the FLPsmodulated SPEs (SPE-NiBO-150) exhibit high ionic conductivity of 4.92×10^(-4)S cm^(-1), high Liþ transferencenumber of 0.74, and superior interface compatibility with both lithium anode and LiFePO4 cathode at room-temperature.The Li//SPE-NiBO-150//Li symmetric cell demonstrates ultralong cycle stability (over 10,000 h(417 days) at both current density of 0.2 and 0.5 mA cm〓〓2), and the assembled solid-state LiFePO4//SPE-NiBO-150//Libattery also shows excellent performance (86% capacity retention for 300 cycles at 0.5C). The presentwork supplies a new insight into designing high-performance SPEs for solid-state LMB applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12371327)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0107).
文摘In this paper,we examine the functions a(n)and b(n),which respectively represent the number of cubic partitions and cubic partition pairs.Our work leads to the derivation of asymptotic formulas for both a(n)and b(n).Additionally,we establish the upper and lower bounds of these functions,factoring in the explicit error terms involved.Crucially,our findings reveal that a(n)and b(n)both satisfy several inequalities such as log-concavity,third-order Turan inequalities,and strict log-subadditivity.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Nos.2021YFA1301300,2019YFA0905600,and 2023YFC2706503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82170557 and 82000510).
文摘Objective:The risk factors and role of mother–child gut microbiota in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(PIBD)remain unclear.We aimed to explore the clinical risk factors associated with PIBD,analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota of children and their mothers,and examine the correlation of the microbial composition in mother–child pairs.Methods:We conducted a case-control study including children with PIBD and their mothers as the case group,as well as healthy children and their mothers as the control group.Questionnaires were used to collect information such as family illness history and maternal and early-life events.Fecal samples were collected from the children and mothers for microbiota 16S ribosomal RNA(rRNA)sequencing to analyze the composition and its potential association with PIBD.Results:A total of 54 pairs of cases and 122 pairs of controls were recruited.A family history of autoimmune disease and antibiotic use during pregnancy were associated with an increased risk of PIBD,and a higher education level of the father was associated with a decreased risk of PIBD.Children with PIBD and mothers exhibited different gut microbiota compared to healthy children and mothers.Similarities were observed in the gut microbiota of mothers and children in the same groups.Some bacterial biomarkers of mothers discovered in this study had the power to predict PIBD in their offspring.Conclusions:PIBD is influenced by maternal risk factors and has unique gut microbiota characteristics.The mother–child gut microbiota is closely related,suggesting the transmission and influence of the gut microbiota between mothers and children.This study highlights the potential pathogenesis of PIBD and provides a basis for developing targeted interventions.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3500700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51972024)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515010185)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRFEYIT-23-07).
文摘The construction of frustrated Lewis acid-base pairs(FLPs)in porous systems is very important for the field of industrial hydrogenation catalysis,but there is still a great challenge.Based on the Ce^(3+)/Ce^(4+)redox pairs and abundant defects in porous Ce-based metal-organic frameworks(Ce-MOFs),FLP sites consisting of ligand-defective Ce sites(Lewis acid,LA)and neighboring terminal O sites(Lewis base,LB)were constructed in situ by a simple vacuum thermal activation method in lamellar Ce-UiO-66-F.Defects/oxygen vacancies in the Ce-MOFs structure result in the difference in the electron cloud density between Ce and O,which is suitable for H-H hetero-cleavage and H-transfer in the dicyclopentadiene(DCPD)hydrogenation process.Particularly,Ce-UiO-66-F-200 achieved 96.9%conversion of DCPD and 97.8%selectivity of 8,9-dihydrodicyclopentadiene(8,9-DHDCPD)at 100℃ under 2MPa H2 for 10 h,which is 9.4 times higher than 10.2%conversion of DCPD over the unactivated Ce-UiO-66-F.This research promotes the understanding of solid MOFs-based porous FLPs for H_(2) activation,and encourages the in-depth investigation of surface solid FLPs to the whole material FLPs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075112)Opening Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization(RERU2023010)+1 种基金Opening Foundation of Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry(Heilongjiang University)Ministry of Education,China,Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_4006).
文摘Catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol(4-NP)pollutant to the high-value 4-aminophenol(4-AP)with a clean hydrogen donor holds significant importance yet great challenges owing to the difficult activation of nitro and H species.In this work,Ag tailoring Frustrated Lewis pairs(FLPs)of CeO_(2)(Ag/CeO_(2))were successfully fabricated for electrochemical reduction reaction of 4-NP(4-NP ERR).As a result,the bond of Ag with O atom changed the state of the Ce-O bond and electron density,where the tailored FLPs were the key factor for enhancing absorption and activation.The reaction rate of Ag/CeO_(2)reached up to 4.70 mmol·min^(-1)(Faraday efficiency:99.5%),which was about four times of CeO_(2).Additionally,this study delved into the proton-coupled electron processes to further understand the mechanism of 4-NP ERR.Therefore,in this study,we have endeavored to investigate the role of tailored FLPs sites and utilize this structure-function relationship to achieve environmentalfriendly chemical synthesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302115,22072079)the Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province(202303021221056).
文摘Heterogeneous solid frustrated-Lewis-pair(FLP)catalyst is of great promise in practical hydrogenation applications.It has been found that all-solid FLPs can be created on ceria via surface oxygen vacancy regulation.Consequently,it is desired to investigate the mechanisms of the FLP-catalyzed hydrogenation of C=C and C=O and provide insight into the modification of CeO_(2)catalysts for the selective hydrogenation.In this work,the reaction mechanism of the hydrogenation of CH_(2)=CH_(2)and CH_(3)CH=O at the FLP sites constructed on CeO_(2)(110)surface was investigated by density functional theory(DFT),with the classical Lewis acid-base pairs(CLP)site as the reference.The results illustrate that at the CLP site,the dissociated hydride(H^(δ−))forms a stable H−O bond with the surface O atom,while at the FLP site,H^(δ−)is stabilized by Ce,displaying higher activity on the one hand.On the other hand,the electron cloud density of the Ce atom at the FLP site is higher,which can transfer more electrons to the adsorbed C_(C=C)and O_(C=O)atoms,leading to a higher degree of activation for C=C and C=O bonds,as indicated by the Bader charge analysis.Therefore,compared to the CLP site,the FLP site exhibits higher hydrogenation activity for CH_(2)=CH_(2)and CH_(3)CH=O.Furthermore,at the FLP sites,it demonstrates high efficiency in catalyzing the hydrogenation of CH_(2)=CH_(2)with the rate-determining barrier of 1.04 eV,but it shows limited activity for the hydrogenation of CH_(3)CH=O with the rate-determining barrier of 1.94 eV.It means that the selective hydrogenation of C=C can be effectively achieved at the FLP sites concerning selective hydrogenation catalysis.The insights shown in this work help to clarify the reaction mechanism of the hydrogenation of C=C and C=O at FLP site on CeO_(2)(110)and reveal the relationship between the catalytic performance and the nature of the active site,which is of great benefit to development of rational design of heterogeneous FLP catalysts.
基金The derivation of the population coefficients in the emission induced by a plane wave are supported by the Foundation for the Advancement of Theoretical Physics and Mathematics“BASIS”The extension of these calculations to an incident vortex photon is supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation(Grant No.FSER-2025-0012)+2 种基金The studies of time dynamics of OAM of the entangled pair are supported by the Russian Science Foundation(Grant No.23-62-10026https://rscf.ru/en/project/23-6210026/)The studies of influence of the finite localization region of an atom on its interaction with an incident vortex photons are supported by the Russian Science Foundation(Grant No.25-71-00060)。
文摘Pairs of entangled vortex photons can promise new prospects of application in quantum computing and cryptography.We investigate the possibility of generating such states via two-level atom emission induced by a single photon wave packet with a definite total angular momentum(TAM).The entangled pair produced in this process possesses well-defined mean TAM with the TAM variation being much smaller than h.On top of that,the variation exponentially decreases with the increase in TAM of the incident photon.Our model allows one to track the time evolution of the state of the entangled pair.An experimentally feasible scenario is assumed,in which the incident photon interacts with a spatially confined atomic target.We conclude that induced emission can be used as a source of entangled vortex photons with applications in atomic physics experiments,quantum optics,and quantum information sciences.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52301011,52231008,52142304,52177220,U23A200767,52302236,and 22369005)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.524QN226 and 524QN222)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Hainan Province(No.ZDYF2022GXJS006)Starting Research Fund from the Hainan University(No.KYQD(ZR)23026)International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of Hainan Province(No.GHYF2023007).
文摘The alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is a crucial process for sustainable hydrogen production,yet it requires efficient and stable electrocatalysts to overcome the high activation energy barrier.The article discusses a novel strategy for enhancing the performance of Ni-Fe layered double hydroxide(Ni-Fe LDH)in the alkaline HER by modifying it with a frustrated Lewis acid-base pair(FLP)constructed through vacancy engineering.The study found that the modified Ni-Fe LDH exhibited improved alkaline HER performance.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the introduction of FLP can activate water and protons more efficiently than monometallic sites,thus reducing the alkaline HER energy barrier and overpotential.In HER under alkaline conditions,the Volmer step involves an additional hydrolysis dissociation compared to acidic conditions,which is one of the factors contributing to the slow reaction kinetics.This paper demonstrates that FLPs can alter the rate-determining step in alkaline HER from the Volmer step to a step with a lower energy barrier,more suitable for hydrogen desorption.The work provides new insights into the role of FLPs in regulating the mechanism and kinetics of HER and opens a new direction for the design and optimization of LDH-based and other electrocatalysts.
文摘Water and ethanol were selected as refrigerants, 13x molecular sieve, silica gel, activated carbon and adsorbents NA and NB prepared by authors were selected as adsorbents, and the performance of adsorption working pairs in adsorption refrigeration system was studied. The adsorption isotherms of adsorbents (NA and NB) were obtained by high vacuum gravimetric method. Desorption properties of adsorbents were analyzed and compared by thermal analysis method. The performance parameters of adsorption refrigerat...
