Muon scattering tomography(MST) is a powerful noninvasive imaging technique with significant applications in nuclear material detection and security screening.Traditional MST usually relies on the point of closest app...Muon scattering tomography(MST) is a powerful noninvasive imaging technique with significant applications in nuclear material detection and security screening.Traditional MST usually relies on the point of closest approach(PoCA) algorithm to reconstruct images from muon scattering data;however,PoCA often suffers from suboptimal image clarity and resolution.To overcome these challenges,we propose a novel approach that leverages reinforcement learning(RL) to enhance MST reconstruction,termed the μRL-enhanced method.By framing the MST optimization task as an RL problem,we developed an intelligent agent capable of dynamically adjusting the key PoCA parameters.The agent is trained using a multi-objective reward function that guides the optimization toward higher-quality reconstructions.Our experimental results show that theμRL-enhanced method significantly outperforms the traditional PoCA baseline acros s multiple benchmark metrics.Specifically,the proposed approach on average attains a 307% improvement in the intersection over union(IoU),a 79% increase in the structural similarity index measure(SSIM),and a 8.4% enhancement in the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) across four experiments.Furthermore,when benchmarked against the maximum likelihood scattering and displacement(MLSD)algorithm,the μRL-enhanced method offers modest gains in PS NR and IoU,together with a one-third increase in SSIM.These improvements demonstrate the enhanced reconstruction accuracy and structural fidelity of the μRL-enhanced method,highlighting its potential to advance MST technologies and their applications.展开更多
通过透射电镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了投加膦酰基羧酸(POCA)对碳酸钙形貌及晶格参数2θ的影响,发现投加POCA改变了CaCO3垢的结晶习惯并对方解石有一定的晶格扭曲作用,随着加药量的增加,方解石的比例减少,而文石和球霰石的比例增加...通过透射电镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了投加膦酰基羧酸(POCA)对碳酸钙形貌及晶格参数2θ的影响,发现投加POCA改变了CaCO3垢的结晶习惯并对方解石有一定的晶格扭曲作用,随着加药量的增加,方解石的比例减少,而文石和球霰石的比例增加,POCA对方解石(110)晶面的抑制作用强于(104)晶面;同时采用分子动力学(MD)方法,模拟计算了POCA与方解石的(110)、(104)晶面的相互作用,结果表明:聚合物分子与晶面之间的结合能主要由Coulomb作用和van der Waals作用力提供。比较POCA在方解石两晶面上的结合能,发现Ebind(110)大于Ebind(104),两者数值之比约为1·39,即POCA分子与(110)面的结合比(104)面更牢固,说明POCA对(110)面生长的抑制居于主导地位。两种研究方法得到的结论一致。展开更多
AIM:To investigate whether the addition of probiotics can improve the eradication effect of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection. METHODS:This open randomized trial recruited 234 H. pylori pos...AIM:To investigate whether the addition of probiotics can improve the eradication effect of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection. METHODS:This open randomized trial recruited 234 H. pylori positive gastritis patients from seven local centers. The patients were randomized to one-week standard triple therapy (omeprazole 20 mg bid , clarithromycin 500 mg bid , and amoxicillin 1000 mg bid ; OCA group, n = 79); two weeks of pre-treatment with probiotics, containing 3 × 107 Lactobacillus acidophilus per day, prior to one week of triple therapy (POCA group, n = 78); or one week of triple therapy followed by two weeks of the same probiotics (OCAP group, n = 77). Successful eradication was defined as a negative C13 or C14 urease breath test four weeks after triple therapy. Patients were asked to report associated symptoms at baseline and during follow-up, and side effects related to therapy were recorded. Data were analyzed by both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) methods. RESULTS:PP analysis involved 228 patients, 78 in the OCA, 76 in the POCA and 74 in the OCAP group. Successful eradication was observed in 171 patients; by PP analysis, the eradication rates were significantly higher (P = 0.007 each) in the POCA (62/76; 81.6%, 95% CI 72.8%-90.4%) and OCAP (61/74; 82.4%, 95% CI 73.6%-91.2%) groups than in the OCA group (48/78; 61.5%, 95% CI 50.6%-72.4%). ITT analysis also showed that eradication rates were significantly higher in the POCA (62/78; 79.5%, 95% CI 70.4%-88.6%) and OCAP (61/77; 79.2%, 95% CI 70%-88.4%) groups than in the OCA group (48/79; 60.8%, 95% CI 49.9%-71.7%), (P = 0.014 and P = 0.015). The symptom relieving rates in the POCA, OCAP and OCA groups were 85.5%, 89.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Only one of the 228 patients experienced an adverse reaction. CONCLUSION:Administration of probiotics before or after standard triple therapy may improve H. pylori eradication rates.展开更多
宇宙射线缪子散射成像领域通常聚焦于提升成像区域的图像质量,对于其他区域的成像点及入射粒子各成分占比,尚缺乏系统的讨论。本文系统研究了海平面宇宙射线对缪子散射成像测量的影响。通过对PoCA(Point of Closest Approach)算法重建...宇宙射线缪子散射成像领域通常聚焦于提升成像区域的图像质量,对于其他区域的成像点及入射粒子各成分占比,尚缺乏系统的讨论。本文系统研究了海平面宇宙射线对缪子散射成像测量的影响。通过对PoCA(Point of Closest Approach)算法重建结果的分析,发现探测器区域内出现的PoCA点聚集并非单纯背景噪声,而是具有特定物理起源的系统性信号,主要源于宇宙射线在探测系统上方材料中相互作用产生的次级粒子,其在探测器中的记录会引发虚假位置信号,进而对散射重建产生显著影响。结合Geant4与CRY(Cosmicray Shower Generator)程序开展蒙特卡洛模拟,定量研究了该效应对覆盖材料种类与面密度的依赖性。在此基础上,进一步利用灵敏区内事例的散射角分布,通过多模板联合拟合方法对海平面宇宙射线粒子成分进行了测定。结果表明,缪子仍占主导地位,电子成分可被约束在百分之几的水平。因此,缪子散射探测系统不仅可用于目标成像,也可为海平面宇宙射线研究与本底扣除提供重要参考。展开更多
Purpose The research focuses on the related designing and simulating the high-position-resolution trajectory detector system based on cosmic ray muon tomography.Methods The energy deposition of muon in the detector va...Purpose The research focuses on the related designing and simulating the high-position-resolution trajectory detector system based on cosmic ray muon tomography.Methods The energy deposition of muon in the detector varies with the length of the ionization path.Results The simulation of the submillimeter detector system was designed for muon imaging.The optimal position resolution of the detector reached 0.6 mm.Conclusions The entire research process includes the selection of analysis of parameters affecting system design,designing of two high-position-resolution detectors based on plastic scintillators,implementation of different imaging algorithms and image quality assessment based on different imaging models.It provides a solution based on high positional resolution plastic scintillator detectors for cosmic ray muon scattering imaging.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.12222502)。
文摘Muon scattering tomography(MST) is a powerful noninvasive imaging technique with significant applications in nuclear material detection and security screening.Traditional MST usually relies on the point of closest approach(PoCA) algorithm to reconstruct images from muon scattering data;however,PoCA often suffers from suboptimal image clarity and resolution.To overcome these challenges,we propose a novel approach that leverages reinforcement learning(RL) to enhance MST reconstruction,termed the μRL-enhanced method.By framing the MST optimization task as an RL problem,we developed an intelligent agent capable of dynamically adjusting the key PoCA parameters.The agent is trained using a multi-objective reward function that guides the optimization toward higher-quality reconstructions.Our experimental results show that theμRL-enhanced method significantly outperforms the traditional PoCA baseline acros s multiple benchmark metrics.Specifically,the proposed approach on average attains a 307% improvement in the intersection over union(IoU),a 79% increase in the structural similarity index measure(SSIM),and a 8.4% enhancement in the peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR) across four experiments.Furthermore,when benchmarked against the maximum likelihood scattering and displacement(MLSD)algorithm,the μRL-enhanced method offers modest gains in PS NR and IoU,together with a one-third increase in SSIM.These improvements demonstrate the enhanced reconstruction accuracy and structural fidelity of the μRL-enhanced method,highlighting its potential to advance MST technologies and their applications.
文摘通过透射电镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪分析了投加膦酰基羧酸(POCA)对碳酸钙形貌及晶格参数2θ的影响,发现投加POCA改变了CaCO3垢的结晶习惯并对方解石有一定的晶格扭曲作用,随着加药量的增加,方解石的比例减少,而文石和球霰石的比例增加,POCA对方解石(110)晶面的抑制作用强于(104)晶面;同时采用分子动力学(MD)方法,模拟计算了POCA与方解石的(110)、(104)晶面的相互作用,结果表明:聚合物分子与晶面之间的结合能主要由Coulomb作用和van der Waals作用力提供。比较POCA在方解石两晶面上的结合能,发现Ebind(110)大于Ebind(104),两者数值之比约为1·39,即POCA分子与(110)面的结合比(104)面更牢固,说明POCA对(110)面生长的抑制居于主导地位。两种研究方法得到的结论一致。
基金Supported by A grant from the China National Science and Technology Major Project, No. 2012ZX09303-011-002
文摘AIM:To investigate whether the addition of probiotics can improve the eradication effect of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection. METHODS:This open randomized trial recruited 234 H. pylori positive gastritis patients from seven local centers. The patients were randomized to one-week standard triple therapy (omeprazole 20 mg bid , clarithromycin 500 mg bid , and amoxicillin 1000 mg bid ; OCA group, n = 79); two weeks of pre-treatment with probiotics, containing 3 × 107 Lactobacillus acidophilus per day, prior to one week of triple therapy (POCA group, n = 78); or one week of triple therapy followed by two weeks of the same probiotics (OCAP group, n = 77). Successful eradication was defined as a negative C13 or C14 urease breath test four weeks after triple therapy. Patients were asked to report associated symptoms at baseline and during follow-up, and side effects related to therapy were recorded. Data were analyzed by both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) methods. RESULTS:PP analysis involved 228 patients, 78 in the OCA, 76 in the POCA and 74 in the OCAP group. Successful eradication was observed in 171 patients; by PP analysis, the eradication rates were significantly higher (P = 0.007 each) in the POCA (62/76; 81.6%, 95% CI 72.8%-90.4%) and OCAP (61/74; 82.4%, 95% CI 73.6%-91.2%) groups than in the OCA group (48/78; 61.5%, 95% CI 50.6%-72.4%). ITT analysis also showed that eradication rates were significantly higher in the POCA (62/78; 79.5%, 95% CI 70.4%-88.6%) and OCAP (61/77; 79.2%, 95% CI 70%-88.4%) groups than in the OCA group (48/79; 60.8%, 95% CI 49.9%-71.7%), (P = 0.014 and P = 0.015). The symptom relieving rates in the POCA, OCAP and OCA groups were 85.5%, 89.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Only one of the 228 patients experienced an adverse reaction. CONCLUSION:Administration of probiotics before or after standard triple therapy may improve H. pylori eradication rates.
基金supported by the National Nat-ural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U2067206 and No.U1932162)
文摘Purpose The research focuses on the related designing and simulating the high-position-resolution trajectory detector system based on cosmic ray muon tomography.Methods The energy deposition of muon in the detector varies with the length of the ionization path.Results The simulation of the submillimeter detector system was designed for muon imaging.The optimal position resolution of the detector reached 0.6 mm.Conclusions The entire research process includes the selection of analysis of parameters affecting system design,designing of two high-position-resolution detectors based on plastic scintillators,implementation of different imaging algorithms and image quality assessment based on different imaging models.It provides a solution based on high positional resolution plastic scintillator detectors for cosmic ray muon scattering imaging.
