Cotton fiber quality is a persistent concern that determines planting benefits and the quality of finished textile products.However,the limitations of measurement instruments have hindered the accurate evaluation of s...Cotton fiber quality is a persistent concern that determines planting benefits and the quality of finished textile products.However,the limitations of measurement instruments have hindered the accurate evaluation of some important fiber characteristics such as fiber maturity,fineness,and neps,which in turn has impeded the genetic improvement and industrial utilization of cotton fiber.Here,12 single fiber quality traits were measured using Advanced Fiber Information System(AFIS)equipment among 383 accessions of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).In addition,eight conventional fiber quality traits were assessed by the High Volume Instrument(HVI)System.Genome-wide association study(GWAS),linkage disequilibrium(LD)block genotyping and functional identification were conducted sequentially to uncover the associated elite loci and candidate genes of fiber quality traits.As a result,the previously reported pleiotropic locus FL_D11 regulating fiber length-related traits was identified in this study.More importantly,three novel pleiotropic loci(FM_A03,FF_A05,and FN_A07)regulating fiber maturity,fineness and neps,respectively,were detected based on AFIS traits.Numerous highly promising candidate genes were screened out by integrating RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses,including the reported GhKRP6 for fiber length,the newly identified GhMAP8 for maturity and GhDFR for fineness.The origin and evolutionary analysis of pleiotropic loci indicated that the selection pressure on FL_D11,FM_A03 and FF_A05 increased as the breeding period approached the present and the origins of FM_A03 and FF_A05 were traced back to cotton landraces.These findings reveal the genetic basis underlying fiber quality and provide insight into the genetic improvement and textile utilization of fiber in G.hirsutum.展开更多
Statins have become a cornerstone of risk modification for ischaemic heart disease patients. A number of studies have shown that they are effective and safe. However studies have observed an early benefit in terms of ...Statins have become a cornerstone of risk modification for ischaemic heart disease patients. A number of studies have shown that they are effective and safe. However studies have observed an early benefit in terms of a reduction in recurrent infarct and or death after a myocardial infarction,prior to any significant change in lipid profile. Therefore,pleiotropic mechanisms,other than lowering lipid profile alone,must account for this effect. One such proposed pleiotropic mechanism is the ability of statins to augment both number and function of endothelial progenitor cells. The ability to augment repair and maintenance of a functioning endothelium may have profound beneficial effect on vascular repair and potentially a positive impact on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. The following literature review will discuss issues surrounding endothelial progenitor cell(EPC) identification,role in vascular repair,factors affecting EPC numbers,the role of statins in current medical practice and their effects on EPC number.展开更多
To identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling panicle architecture in japonica rice, a genetic map was constructed based on simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 254 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） d...To identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling panicle architecture in japonica rice, a genetic map was constructed based on simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 254 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross between cultivars Xiushui 79 and C Ban. Seven panicle traits were investigated under three environments. Single marker analysis indicated that a total of 27 SSR markers were highly associated with panicle traits in all the three environments. Percentage of phenotypic variation explained by single locus varied from 2% to 35%. Based on the mixed linear model, a total of 40 additive QTLs for seven panicle traits were detected by composite interval mapping, explaining 1.2%--35% ofphenotypic variation. Among the 9 QTLs with more than 10% of explained phenotypic variation, two QTLs were for the number of primary branches per panicle （NPB）, two for panicle length （PL）, two for spikelet density （SD）, one for the number of secondary branches per panicle （NSB）, one for secondary branch distribution density （SBD）, and one for the num- ber of spikelets per panicle （NS）, respectively, qPLSD-9-1 and qPLSD-9-2 were novel pleiotropic loci, showing effects on PL and SD simultaneously, qPLSD-9-1 explained 34.7% of the phenotypic variation for PL and 25.4% of the phenotypic variation for SD, respec- tively, qPLSD-9-2 explained 34.9% and 24.4% of the phenotypic variation for PL and SD, respectively. The C Bao alleles at the both QTLs showed positive effects on PL, and the Xiushui 79 alleles at the both QTLs showed positive effects on SD. Genetic variation of panicle traits are mainly attributed to additive effects. QTLx environment interactions were not significant for additive QTLs and additive x additive QTL pairs.展开更多
Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedi...Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations.展开更多
Bombesin and neurotensin are neuropeptides which exert a wide spectrum of biological actions on gastrointestinal tissues influencing intestinal growth and adaptation, intestinal motility, blood flow, secretion, nutrie...Bombesin and neurotensin are neuropeptides which exert a wide spectrum of biological actions on gastrointestinal tissues influencing intestinal growth and adaptation, intestinal motility, blood flow, secretion, nutrient absorption and immune response. Based mainly on their well-established potent enterotrophic effect, numerous experimental studies investigated their potential positive effect on the atrophic or injured intestinal mucosa. These peptides proved to be effective mucosa-healing factors, but the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for this action remained unresolved. In a recently published study (World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(8): 1222-1230), it was shown that their protective effect on the intestine in experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease was related to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions. These results are in close agreement with our previous studies on jaundiced and hepatectomized rats that showed a regulatory effect of bombesin and neurotensin on critical cellular processes such as enterocyte' proliferation and death, oxidative stress and redox equilibrium, tight junctions' formation and function, and inflammatory response. The pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on diverse types of intestinal injury may justify their consideration for clinical trials.展开更多
Matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs）are members of the metzincin superfamily named after the zinc ion and the conserved methionine residue at the active site.In addition to their role in extracellular matrix（ECM）remode...Matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs）are members of the metzincin superfamily named after the zinc ion and the conserved methionine residue at the active site.In addition to their role in extracellular matrix（ECM）remodeling,these proteinases（in）activate many signaling molecules such as growth factors.展开更多
Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specif...Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.展开更多
Zinc(Zn) is an essential mineral element for plant growth and development. Zn deficiency in crops frequently occurs in many types of soils. It is therefore crucial to identify genetic resources linking Zn acquisition ...Zinc(Zn) is an essential mineral element for plant growth and development. Zn deficiency in crops frequently occurs in many types of soils. It is therefore crucial to identify genetic resources linking Zn acquisition traits and development of crops with improved Zn-use efficiency for sustainable crop production. In this study, we functionally identified a rice uncharacterized ABCG(ATP-binding cassette G-subfamily) gene encoding a PDR20(pleiotropic drug resistance 20) metal transporter for mediation of rice growth, seed development and Zn accumulation. OsPDR20 was localized to the plasma membrane, but it was not transcriptionally induced under Zn deficiency, rather was sufficiently up-regulated under high level of Zn stress. Yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) transformed with OsPDR20 displayed a relatively lower Zn accumulation with attenuated cellular growth, suggesting that OsPDR20 had an activity for Zn transport. Knocking-down OsPDR20 by RNA interference(RNAi) compromised rice growth with shorter plant height and decreased biomass in rice plantlets grown under hydroponic media. Zn concentration in the roots of OsPDR20 knocked-down rice lines declined under Zn deficiency, while they remained unchanged compared with the wild type under normal Zn supply. A rice lifelong field trial demonstrated that OsPDR20 mutation impaired the capacity of seed development, with shortened panicle and seed length, compromised spikelet fertility, and reduced grain number per plant or grain weight per unit area. Interestingly, OsPDR20 mutation elevated the accumulation of Zn in husk and brown rice over the wild type. Overall, this study pointed out that OsPDR20 is fundamentally required for rice growth and seed development through Zn transport and homeostasis.展开更多
Truttmann MC et al.[1] recently reported that AMPylation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones participates in altering the aggregation properties and maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis), th...Truttmann MC et al.[1] recently reported that AMPylation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones participates in altering the aggregation properties and maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis), thereby playing a vital role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). NDs are commonly manifested by protein aggregates, which exert harmful effects on proteostasis. Interestingly, it has been observed that AMPylation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) can maintain proteostasis by inhibiting the formation of protein aggregates. As previous studies only indicate that HSPs could regulate proteostasis, such a novel discovery further demonstrates the involvement of HSP70 AMPylation in the regulation of protein aggregation and the maintenance of proteostasis. Therefore, AMPylation can be considered to possess a therapeutic potential to target certain physiological processes related to proteostasis, such as age-related diseases.展开更多
This article represents the main positions of the theory of pleiotropic action of biologically active compounds (BACs) and medicines, which has been designed by the author based on her own experimental researches. The...This article represents the main positions of the theory of pleiotropic action of biologically active compounds (BACs) and medicines, which has been designed by the author based on her own experimental researches. The term “pleiotropy” means the ability of the BACs and medicines to implement more than one mechanism of action resulting in the specific biological (pharmacological) effect. The interaction of these mechanisms forms a distinct pattern of biological response (pleiotropic pattern), which reflects the change in his character with the increased dose (concentration)-dependent efficacy of BACs and medicines. The article consists of description of different pleiotropic patterns established in experiments on the model of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by macrophages dependent on activity of specialized enzyme called Nox2-NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox2, EC 1.6.3.1). Moreover, it consists of explanation of pharmacodynamic nature of pleiotropic patterns by means of application Chou-Talalay median effect equalization and combination index (CI) theory. The novel theory explains unsolved until now universal aspects of activity BACs and medicines, such as slope angles of “dose-effect” dependences in the conditions relevant in vivo, and it is of fundamental interest. However, it has applications in experimental pharmacology, as it allows defining the choice of the individual compounds and combinations, modulating the trust effect selectively and efficiently. This knowledge opens up new approaches to medicines discovery and evaluation, their rational dosing and combining.展开更多
The inherent complexity of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and failed clinical trials have spiked the interest in multifunctional ligands that target at least two key disease-associated macromolecules in AD pathology.Here we ...The inherent complexity of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and failed clinical trials have spiked the interest in multifunctional ligands that target at least two key disease-associated macromolecules in AD pathology.Here we present a focused series of pleiotropic N-carbamoylazole prodrugs with dual mechanism of action.Pseudo-irreversible inhibition of the first therapeutic target,human butyrylcholinesterase(hBChE),enhances cholinergic transmission,and thereby provides symptomatic treatment,same as the standard therapeutics in use for AD.Simultaneously,this step also functions as a metabolic activation that liberates a nanomolar selectiveα_(2)-adrenergic antagonist atipamezole,which blocks pathological amyloidß(Aß)-induced and noradrenaline-dependent activation of GSK3ßthat ultimately leads to hyperphosphorylation of tau,thus achieving a disease-modifying effect.Lead compound 8 demonstrated long-term pseudo-irreversible hBChE inhibition,metabolic activation in human plasma,blood-brain barrier permeability,and p.o.bioavailability in mice.Multi-day in vivo treatment with 8 in an Aß-induced AD murine model revealed a significant alleviation of cognitive deficit that was comparable to rivastigmine,the current drug of choice for AD therapy.Furthermore,decreased GSK3ßactivation and lowered tau phosphorylation were observed in APP/PS1 mice.This surpasses the symptomatic-only treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors,as it directly blocks an essential pathological cascade in AD.Therefore,these multifunctionalα_(2)-adrenergic antagonists-butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors,exemplified by lead compound 8,present an innovative,small molecule-based,disease-modifying approach to treatment of AD.展开更多
Floral color and scent are crucial for plant-environment interactions,especially in reproduction by attracting pollinators for fertilization.They also have wide applications in cosmetic,pharmaceutical,and nutraceutica...Floral color and scent are crucial for plant-environment interactions,especially in reproduction by attracting pollinators for fertilization.They also have wide applications in cosmetic,pharmaceutical,and nutraceutical industries.Plant pigments are typically classified as chlorophylls,flavonoids,carotenoids,and betalains,while volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are grouped as terpenes,phenylpropanoids/benzenoids,and fatty acid derivatives.Significant progresses have been made in understanding the biosynthesis and regulation of these floral pigments and VOCs.Despite differences in their biosynthetic pathways,floral pigments and VOCs are biochemically connected and exhibit synergistic interactions during flower development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses,suggesting the existence of pleiotropic regulators or complex mechanisms co-regulating their biosynthesis.In this review,we summarize and outline the metabolite pathways mainly integrating flavonoids,carotenoids,terpenes,and phenylpropanoids/benzenoids.We also provide a series of scenarios illustrating the coordinated regulation of floral color and scent.Finally,we suggest areas for future research.We hope this review will spark interest in this research direction and stimulate further studies.展开更多
Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,includi...Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).展开更多
Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.),an important fruit tree in tropical and subtropical regions,possesses substantial economic value.The branchand leaf-related traits of litchi have a significant impact on litchi yield and...Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.),an important fruit tree in tropical and subtropical regions,possesses substantial economic value.The branchand leaf-related traits of litchi have a significant impact on litchi yield and quality.However,due to limitations such as the density of the genetic linkage map,there have been few studies on mapping QTLs of branch-and leaf-related traits.In this study,a high-density genetic map was constructed by next-generation sequencing(NGS)using an F_(1) population of 264 progenies,derived from the cross between the cultivars‘Sanyuehong'and‘Ziniangxi'.A total of 2574 high-quality BINs(binomial intervals)were obtained,and a genetic linkage map was constructed with a total length of 1753.3 cM and an average marker distance of 0.68 cM.With the genetic map and the phenotyping of single leaf length(SLL),single leaf width(SLW),leaf shape index(LSI),weight of specific leaf(WSL),petiole length(PL)and compound leaf length(CLL)measured in three seasons,11,9,9,10,9 and 12 QTLs were detected for SLL,SLW,WSL,LSI,PL and CLL traits,respectively.Among these QTLs,five QTLs were consistently detected in two seasons and 12 pleiotropic QTLs were identified for at least two traits.These findings will provide new insights for the gene cloning for branch-and leaf-related traits as well as marker-assisted selection(MAS).展开更多
A quantitative trait locus （QTL） that affects heading date （HD） and the number of spikelets per panicle （SPP） was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. In order to ...A quantitative trait locus （QTL） that affects heading date （HD） and the number of spikelets per panicle （SPP） was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. In order to further characterize the QTL region, near isogenic lines （NILs） were quickly obtained by self-crossing recombinant inbred line 189, which is heterozygous in the vicinity of the target region. The pleiotropic effects of QTL Ghd7.1 on plant height （PH）, SPP, and HD, were validated using an NIL-F2 population. Ghd7.1 explained 50.2%, 45.3%, and 76.9% of phenotypic variation in PH, SPP, and HD, respectively. Ghd7.1 was precisely mapped to a 357-kb region on the basis of analysis of the progeny of the NIL-F2 population. Day-length treatment confirmed that Ghd7.1 is sensitive to photoperiod, with long days delaying heading up to 12.5 d. Identification of panicle initiation and development for the pair of NILs showed that Ghd7.1 elongated the photoperiod-sensitive phase more than 10 d, but did not change the basic vegetative phase and the reproductive growth phase. These findings indicated that Ghd7.1 regulates SPP by controlling the rate of panicle differentiation rather than the duration of panicle development.展开更多
Pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） transporters belonging to the ABCG subfamily of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters are identified only in fungi and plants. Members of this family are expressed in plants in ...Pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） transporters belonging to the ABCG subfamily of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters are identified only in fungi and plants. Members of this family are expressed in plants in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses and transport a diverse array of moleculesacross membranes, Although their detailed transport mechanism is largely unknown, they play important roles in detoxification processes, preventing water loss, transport of phytohormones, and secondary metabolites. This review provides insights into transport mechanisms of plant PDR transporters, their expression profiles, and multitude functions in plants.展开更多
Pod coloration is a domestication-related trait in soybean,with modern cultivars typically displaying brown or tan pods,while their wild relative,Glycine soja,possesses black pods.However,the factors regulating this c...Pod coloration is a domestication-related trait in soybean,with modern cultivars typically displaying brown or tan pods,while their wild relative,Glycine soja,possesses black pods.However,the factors regulating this color variation remain unknown.In this study,we cloned and characterized L1,the classical locus responsible for black pods in soybean.By using map-based cloning and genetic analyses,we identified the causal gene of L1 and revealed that it encodes a hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A(CoA)lyase-like(HMGL-like)domain protein.Biochemical assays showed that L1 functions as a eucomic acid synthase and facilitates the synthesis of eucomic acid and piscidic acid,both of which contribute to coloration of pods and seed coats in soybean.Interestingly,we found that L1 plants are more prone to pod shattering under light exposure than l1 null mutants because dark pigmentation increases photothermal efficiency.Hence,pleiotropic effects of L1 on pod color and shattering,as well as seed pigmentation,likely contributed to the preference forl1 alleles during soybean domestication and improvement.Collectively,our study provides new insights into the mechanism of pod coloration and identifies a new target for future de novo domestication oflegume crops.展开更多
Anthocyanins play crucial roles in pollen protection and pollinator attraction in flowering plants.However,the mechanisms underlying flower color determination and whether floral anthocyanin regulators participate in ...Anthocyanins play crucial roles in pollen protection and pollinator attraction in flowering plants.However,the mechanisms underlying flower color determination and whether floral anthocyanin regulators participate in other processes remain largely unresolved in soybeans(Glycine max).In this study,we investigated the genetic components and mechanisms governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in soybean flowers.Molecular and genetic studies have characterized two antagonistic regulators,the positive activator GmMYBA3 and the negative repressor GmMYBR1,that modulate the gene expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis in soybean flowers.Further findings revealed a regulatory interplay between GmMYBA3 and GmMYBR1 bridged by GmTT8a,highlighting the complexity of anthocyanin regulation in different soybean organs.Exploration of additional soybean cultivars demonstrated the universality of GmMYBA3 and GmMYBR1 in regulating floral anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes,with GmF3’5’H identified as a crucial determinant of white flower color.This study provides a molecular mechanism underlying soybean flower color determination,paving the way for the molecular modification of soybean flowers to probably enhance their resistance to abiotic stresses and attractiveness to pollinators.展开更多
Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major micro-vascular complication of diabetes, has emerged as a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among working adults in the worldwide. The pathobiology of DR involves mult...Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major micro-vascular complication of diabetes, has emerged as a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among working adults in the worldwide. The pathobiology of DR involves multiple molecular pathways and is characterized chronic neurovascular degeneration. Current approaches to prevent or to treat DR are still far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is important to develop new therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment to DR. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a 50-kDa secreted glycoprotein, has been described as a multi-functional protein. Some emerging evidences indicate that PEDF are able to target multiple pathways exerting neurotropic, neuroprotective, anti-angiogenic, antivasopermeability, anti-inflammation, anti-thrombogenic and anti-oxidative effects in DR. In this review, we addressed the functions of PEDF in different pathways, which could lead to potential therapeutics on the treatment to DR.展开更多
Background: Fatty acids are important traits that affect meat quality and nutritive values in beef cattle. Detection of genetic variants for fatty acid composition can help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underpinn...Background: Fatty acids are important traits that affect meat quality and nutritive values in beef cattle. Detection of genetic variants for fatty acid composition can help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underpinning these traits and promote the improvement of fatty acid profiles. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS) on fatty acid composition using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays in Chinese Wagyu cattle.Results: In total, we detected 15 and 8 significant genome-wide SNPs for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, respectively. Also, we identified nine candidate genes based on 100 kb regions around associated SNPs. Four SNPs significantly associated with C14:1 cis-9 were embedded with stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD), while three SNPs in total were identified for C22:6 n-3 within Phospholipid scramblase family member 5(PLSCR5), Cytoplasmic linker associated protein 1(CLASP1), and Chymosin(CYM). Notably, we found the top candidate SNP within SCD can explain ~ 7.37% of phenotypic variance for C14:1 cis-9.Moreover, we detected several blocks with high LD in the 100 kb region around SCD. In addition, we found three significant SNPs within a 100 kb region showing pleiotropic effects related to multiple FA groups(PUFA,n-6, and PUFA/SFA), which contains BAI1 associated protein 2 like 2(BAIAP2 L2), MAF bZIP transcription factor F(MAFF),and transmembrane protein 184 B(TMEM184 B).Conclusions: Our study identified several significant SNPs and candidate genes for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, and these findings will further assist the design of breeding programs for meat quality in cattle.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1200300)the Central Plain Scholar Program,China(234000510004)the National Supercomputing Center in Zhengzhou,China。
文摘Cotton fiber quality is a persistent concern that determines planting benefits and the quality of finished textile products.However,the limitations of measurement instruments have hindered the accurate evaluation of some important fiber characteristics such as fiber maturity,fineness,and neps,which in turn has impeded the genetic improvement and industrial utilization of cotton fiber.Here,12 single fiber quality traits were measured using Advanced Fiber Information System(AFIS)equipment among 383 accessions of upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.).In addition,eight conventional fiber quality traits were assessed by the High Volume Instrument(HVI)System.Genome-wide association study(GWAS),linkage disequilibrium(LD)block genotyping and functional identification were conducted sequentially to uncover the associated elite loci and candidate genes of fiber quality traits.As a result,the previously reported pleiotropic locus FL_D11 regulating fiber length-related traits was identified in this study.More importantly,three novel pleiotropic loci(FM_A03,FF_A05,and FN_A07)regulating fiber maturity,fineness and neps,respectively,were detected based on AFIS traits.Numerous highly promising candidate genes were screened out by integrating RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses,including the reported GhKRP6 for fiber length,the newly identified GhMAP8 for maturity and GhDFR for fineness.The origin and evolutionary analysis of pleiotropic loci indicated that the selection pressure on FL_D11,FM_A03 and FF_A05 increased as the breeding period approached the present and the origins of FM_A03 and FF_A05 were traced back to cotton landraces.These findings reveal the genetic basis underlying fiber quality and provide insight into the genetic improvement and textile utilization of fiber in G.hirsutum.
文摘Statins have become a cornerstone of risk modification for ischaemic heart disease patients. A number of studies have shown that they are effective and safe. However studies have observed an early benefit in terms of a reduction in recurrent infarct and or death after a myocardial infarction,prior to any significant change in lipid profile. Therefore,pleiotropic mechanisms,other than lowering lipid profile alone,must account for this effect. One such proposed pleiotropic mechanism is the ability of statins to augment both number and function of endothelial progenitor cells. The ability to augment repair and maintenance of a functioning endothelium may have profound beneficial effect on vascular repair and potentially a positive impact on clinical outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease. The following literature review will discuss issues surrounding endothelial progenitor cell(EPC) identification,role in vascular repair,factors affecting EPC numbers,the role of statins in current medical practice and their effects on EPC number.
基金supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team of Nanjing Agriculture University (No. IRT0432)
文摘To identify quantitative trait loci （QTLs） controlling panicle architecture in japonica rice, a genetic map was constructed based on simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers and 254 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） derived from a cross between cultivars Xiushui 79 and C Ban. Seven panicle traits were investigated under three environments. Single marker analysis indicated that a total of 27 SSR markers were highly associated with panicle traits in all the three environments. Percentage of phenotypic variation explained by single locus varied from 2% to 35%. Based on the mixed linear model, a total of 40 additive QTLs for seven panicle traits were detected by composite interval mapping, explaining 1.2%--35% ofphenotypic variation. Among the 9 QTLs with more than 10% of explained phenotypic variation, two QTLs were for the number of primary branches per panicle （NPB）, two for panicle length （PL）, two for spikelet density （SD）, one for the number of secondary branches per panicle （NSB）, one for secondary branch distribution density （SBD）, and one for the num- ber of spikelets per panicle （NS）, respectively, qPLSD-9-1 and qPLSD-9-2 were novel pleiotropic loci, showing effects on PL and SD simultaneously, qPLSD-9-1 explained 34.7% of the phenotypic variation for PL and 25.4% of the phenotypic variation for SD, respec- tively, qPLSD-9-2 explained 34.9% and 24.4% of the phenotypic variation for PL and SD, respectively. The C Bao alleles at the both QTLs showed positive effects on PL, and the Xiushui 79 alleles at the both QTLs showed positive effects on SD. Genetic variation of panicle traits are mainly attributed to additive effects. QTLx environment interactions were not significant for additive QTLs and additive x additive QTL pairs.
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(32030006 and 32270302)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB31000000)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020SCUNL207 and SCU2022D003)。
文摘Coordinated plant adaptation involves the interplay of multiple traits driven by habitat-specific selection pressures. Pleiotropic effects, wherein genetic variants of a single gene control multiple traits, can expedite such adaptations. Until present, only a limited number of genes have been reported to exhibit pleiotropy. Here, we create a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from two Arabidopsis thaliana (A. thaliana) ecotypes originating from divergent habitats. Using this RIL population, we identify an allelic variation in a MADS-box transcription factor, SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE (SVP), which exerts a pleiotropic effect on leaf size and drought-versus-humidity tolerance. Further investigation reveals that a natural null variant of the SVP protein disrupts its normal regulatory interactions with target genes, including GRF3, CYP707A1/3, and AtBG1, leading to increased leaf size, enhanced tolerance to humid conditions, and changes in flowering time of humid conditions in A. thaliana. Remarkably, polymorphic variations in this gene have been traced back to early A. thaliana populations, providing a genetic foundation and plasticity for subsequent colonization of diverse habitats by influencing multiple traits. These findings advance our understanding of how plants rapidly adapt to changing environments by virtue of the pleiotropic effects of individual genes on multiple trait alterations.
文摘Bombesin and neurotensin are neuropeptides which exert a wide spectrum of biological actions on gastrointestinal tissues influencing intestinal growth and adaptation, intestinal motility, blood flow, secretion, nutrient absorption and immune response. Based mainly on their well-established potent enterotrophic effect, numerous experimental studies investigated their potential positive effect on the atrophic or injured intestinal mucosa. These peptides proved to be effective mucosa-healing factors, but the potential molecular and cellular mechanisms for this action remained unresolved. In a recently published study (World J Gastroenterol 2008; 14(8): 1222-1230), it was shown that their protective effect on the intestine in experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease was related to anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antiapoptotic actions. These results are in close agreement with our previous studies on jaundiced and hepatectomized rats that showed a regulatory effect of bombesin and neurotensin on critical cellular processes such as enterocyte' proliferation and death, oxidative stress and redox equilibrium, tight junctions' formation and function, and inflammatory response. The pleiotropic effects of bombesin and neurotensin on diverse types of intestinal injury may justify their consideration for clinical trials.
基金supported by the Hercules Foundation(AKUL/09/038&AKUL/13/09)national grants from the Research Council of KU Leuven(BOF-OT/14/064)+1 种基金the Research Foundation Flanders(FWO G0B2315N)the Flemish Institute for the promotion of scientific research(IWT)
文摘Matrix metalloproteinases（MMPs）are members of the metzincin superfamily named after the zinc ion and the conserved methionine residue at the active site.In addition to their role in extracellular matrix（ECM）remodeling,these proteinases（in）activate many signaling molecules such as growth factors.
文摘Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.21777072)。
文摘Zinc(Zn) is an essential mineral element for plant growth and development. Zn deficiency in crops frequently occurs in many types of soils. It is therefore crucial to identify genetic resources linking Zn acquisition traits and development of crops with improved Zn-use efficiency for sustainable crop production. In this study, we functionally identified a rice uncharacterized ABCG(ATP-binding cassette G-subfamily) gene encoding a PDR20(pleiotropic drug resistance 20) metal transporter for mediation of rice growth, seed development and Zn accumulation. OsPDR20 was localized to the plasma membrane, but it was not transcriptionally induced under Zn deficiency, rather was sufficiently up-regulated under high level of Zn stress. Yeast(Saccharomyces cerevisiae) transformed with OsPDR20 displayed a relatively lower Zn accumulation with attenuated cellular growth, suggesting that OsPDR20 had an activity for Zn transport. Knocking-down OsPDR20 by RNA interference(RNAi) compromised rice growth with shorter plant height and decreased biomass in rice plantlets grown under hydroponic media. Zn concentration in the roots of OsPDR20 knocked-down rice lines declined under Zn deficiency, while they remained unchanged compared with the wild type under normal Zn supply. A rice lifelong field trial demonstrated that OsPDR20 mutation impaired the capacity of seed development, with shortened panicle and seed length, compromised spikelet fertility, and reduced grain number per plant or grain weight per unit area. Interestingly, OsPDR20 mutation elevated the accumulation of Zn in husk and brown rice over the wild type. Overall, this study pointed out that OsPDR20 is fundamentally required for rice growth and seed development through Zn transport and homeostasis.
基金supported by the grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81470434]
文摘Truttmann MC et al.[1] recently reported that AMPylation of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) family of chaperones participates in altering the aggregation properties and maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis), thereby playing a vital role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). NDs are commonly manifested by protein aggregates, which exert harmful effects on proteostasis. Interestingly, it has been observed that AMPylation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) can maintain proteostasis by inhibiting the formation of protein aggregates. As previous studies only indicate that HSPs could regulate proteostasis, such a novel discovery further demonstrates the involvement of HSP70 AMPylation in the regulation of protein aggregation and the maintenance of proteostasis. Therefore, AMPylation can be considered to possess a therapeutic potential to target certain physiological processes related to proteostasis, such as age-related diseases.
文摘This article represents the main positions of the theory of pleiotropic action of biologically active compounds (BACs) and medicines, which has been designed by the author based on her own experimental researches. The term “pleiotropy” means the ability of the BACs and medicines to implement more than one mechanism of action resulting in the specific biological (pharmacological) effect. The interaction of these mechanisms forms a distinct pattern of biological response (pleiotropic pattern), which reflects the change in his character with the increased dose (concentration)-dependent efficacy of BACs and medicines. The article consists of description of different pleiotropic patterns established in experiments on the model of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by macrophages dependent on activity of specialized enzyme called Nox2-NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox2, EC 1.6.3.1). Moreover, it consists of explanation of pharmacodynamic nature of pleiotropic patterns by means of application Chou-Talalay median effect equalization and combination index (CI) theory. The novel theory explains unsolved until now universal aspects of activity BACs and medicines, such as slope angles of “dose-effect” dependences in the conditions relevant in vivo, and it is of fundamental interest. However, it has applications in experimental pharmacology, as it allows defining the choice of the individual compounds and combinations, modulating the trust effect selectively and efficiently. This knowledge opens up new approaches to medicines discovery and evaluation, their rational dosing and combining.
基金supported by the Slovenian Research Agency(ARRS),Research Core Funding Nos.P1-0208,P1-0012,P40127,and P4-0053a young researcher grant to A.Mthe grant from China-Central and Eastern European Countries University joint education program(No.2022248).
文摘The inherent complexity of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)and failed clinical trials have spiked the interest in multifunctional ligands that target at least two key disease-associated macromolecules in AD pathology.Here we present a focused series of pleiotropic N-carbamoylazole prodrugs with dual mechanism of action.Pseudo-irreversible inhibition of the first therapeutic target,human butyrylcholinesterase(hBChE),enhances cholinergic transmission,and thereby provides symptomatic treatment,same as the standard therapeutics in use for AD.Simultaneously,this step also functions as a metabolic activation that liberates a nanomolar selectiveα_(2)-adrenergic antagonist atipamezole,which blocks pathological amyloidß(Aß)-induced and noradrenaline-dependent activation of GSK3ßthat ultimately leads to hyperphosphorylation of tau,thus achieving a disease-modifying effect.Lead compound 8 demonstrated long-term pseudo-irreversible hBChE inhibition,metabolic activation in human plasma,blood-brain barrier permeability,and p.o.bioavailability in mice.Multi-day in vivo treatment with 8 in an Aß-induced AD murine model revealed a significant alleviation of cognitive deficit that was comparable to rivastigmine,the current drug of choice for AD therapy.Furthermore,decreased GSK3ßactivation and lowered tau phosphorylation were observed in APP/PS1 mice.This surpasses the symptomatic-only treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors,as it directly blocks an essential pathological cascade in AD.Therefore,these multifunctionalα_(2)-adrenergic antagonists-butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors,exemplified by lead compound 8,present an innovative,small molecule-based,disease-modifying approach to treatment of AD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32272751,32272750,31972445)the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(Grant Nos.20220508112RC,20210101005JC)+1 种基金the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”R&D Program of Zhejiang(Grant No.2023C02028)the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202006625007)。
文摘Floral color and scent are crucial for plant-environment interactions,especially in reproduction by attracting pollinators for fertilization.They also have wide applications in cosmetic,pharmaceutical,and nutraceutical industries.Plant pigments are typically classified as chlorophylls,flavonoids,carotenoids,and betalains,while volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are grouped as terpenes,phenylpropanoids/benzenoids,and fatty acid derivatives.Significant progresses have been made in understanding the biosynthesis and regulation of these floral pigments and VOCs.Despite differences in their biosynthetic pathways,floral pigments and VOCs are biochemically connected and exhibit synergistic interactions during flower development and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses,suggesting the existence of pleiotropic regulators or complex mechanisms co-regulating their biosynthesis.In this review,we summarize and outline the metabolite pathways mainly integrating flavonoids,carotenoids,terpenes,and phenylpropanoids/benzenoids.We also provide a series of scenarios illustrating the coordinated regulation of floral color and scent.Finally,we suggest areas for future research.We hope this review will spark interest in this research direction and stimulate further studies.
基金supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation,HFRI,“2nd Call for HFRI Research Projects to support Faculty Members&Researchers”Project 02667 to GL.
文摘Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a pleiotropic lipid agonist essential for functions of the central nervous system(CNS).It is abundant in the developing and adult brain while its concentration in biological fluids,including cerebrospinal fluid,varies significantly(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014).LPA actually corresponds to a variety of lipid species that include different stereoisomers with either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids bearing likely differentiated biological activities(Figure 1Α;Yung et al.,2014;Hernández-Araiza et al.,2018).
基金supported by the Science and Technology Special Fund of Hainan Province(Grant Nos.ZDYF2021XDNY159 and ZDYF2021XDNY156)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund for Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science(Grant No.1630032022007)China Agricultural Research System of MOF and MARA(Grant No.CARS-32-01)。
文摘Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.),an important fruit tree in tropical and subtropical regions,possesses substantial economic value.The branchand leaf-related traits of litchi have a significant impact on litchi yield and quality.However,due to limitations such as the density of the genetic linkage map,there have been few studies on mapping QTLs of branch-and leaf-related traits.In this study,a high-density genetic map was constructed by next-generation sequencing(NGS)using an F_(1) population of 264 progenies,derived from the cross between the cultivars‘Sanyuehong'and‘Ziniangxi'.A total of 2574 high-quality BINs(binomial intervals)were obtained,and a genetic linkage map was constructed with a total length of 1753.3 cM and an average marker distance of 0.68 cM.With the genetic map and the phenotyping of single leaf length(SLL),single leaf width(SLW),leaf shape index(LSI),weight of specific leaf(WSL),petiole length(PL)and compound leaf length(CLL)measured in three seasons,11,9,9,10,9 and 12 QTLs were detected for SLL,SLW,WSL,LSI,PL and CLL traits,respectively.Among these QTLs,five QTLs were consistently detected in two seasons and 12 pleiotropic QTLs were identified for at least two traits.These findings will provide new insights for the gene cloning for branch-and leaf-related traits as well as marker-assisted selection(MAS).
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30921091)the National Key Program on Basic Research and Development(2010CB125901)+1 种基金the National Special Program for Research of Transgenic Plants of China(2011ZX08009‐001‐002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2012YB03)
文摘A quantitative trait locus （QTL） that affects heading date （HD） and the number of spikelets per panicle （SPP） was previously identified in a small region on chromosome 7 in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. In order to further characterize the QTL region, near isogenic lines （NILs） were quickly obtained by self-crossing recombinant inbred line 189, which is heterozygous in the vicinity of the target region. The pleiotropic effects of QTL Ghd7.1 on plant height （PH）, SPP, and HD, were validated using an NIL-F2 population. Ghd7.1 explained 50.2%, 45.3%, and 76.9% of phenotypic variation in PH, SPP, and HD, respectively. Ghd7.1 was precisely mapped to a 357-kb region on the basis of analysis of the progeny of the NIL-F2 population. Day-length treatment confirmed that Ghd7.1 is sensitive to photoperiod, with long days delaying heading up to 12.5 d. Identification of panicle initiation and development for the pair of NILs showed that Ghd7.1 elongated the photoperiod-sensitive phase more than 10 d, but did not change the basic vegetative phase and the reproductive growth phase. These findings indicated that Ghd7.1 regulates SPP by controlling the rate of panicle differentiation rather than the duration of panicle development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30470189, 81071821, 81101655)the Fundamental Research for the Central University of China (721500011)the key Project of Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (13JJ2016)
文摘Pleiotropic drug resistance （PDR） transporters belonging to the ABCG subfamily of ATP-binding cassette （ABC） transporters are identified only in fungi and plants. Members of this family are expressed in plants in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses and transport a diverse array of moleculesacross membranes, Although their detailed transport mechanism is largely unknown, they play important roles in detoxification processes, preventing water loss, transport of phytohormones, and secondary metabolites. This review provides insights into transport mechanisms of plant PDR transporters, their expression profiles, and multitude functions in plants.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1201601,2021YFF1001201)the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-04-PSO1)+2 种基金the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program(ASTIP)of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.32201734)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(grant no.2021M693465).
文摘Pod coloration is a domestication-related trait in soybean,with modern cultivars typically displaying brown or tan pods,while their wild relative,Glycine soja,possesses black pods.However,the factors regulating this color variation remain unknown.In this study,we cloned and characterized L1,the classical locus responsible for black pods in soybean.By using map-based cloning and genetic analyses,we identified the causal gene of L1 and revealed that it encodes a hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A(CoA)lyase-like(HMGL-like)domain protein.Biochemical assays showed that L1 functions as a eucomic acid synthase and facilitates the synthesis of eucomic acid and piscidic acid,both of which contribute to coloration of pods and seed coats in soybean.Interestingly,we found that L1 plants are more prone to pod shattering under light exposure than l1 null mutants because dark pigmentation increases photothermal efficiency.Hence,pleiotropic effects of L1 on pod color and shattering,as well as seed pigmentation,likely contributed to the preference forl1 alleles during soybean domestication and improvement.Collectively,our study provides new insights into the mechanism of pod coloration and identifies a new target for future de novo domestication oflegume crops.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32201781,32100211)the Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(20220508112RC,20210101005JC)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Fund for the Central Universities(2412023YQ005)China Agriculture Research System(CARS04)。
文摘Anthocyanins play crucial roles in pollen protection and pollinator attraction in flowering plants.However,the mechanisms underlying flower color determination and whether floral anthocyanin regulators participate in other processes remain largely unresolved in soybeans(Glycine max).In this study,we investigated the genetic components and mechanisms governing anthocyanin biosynthesis in soybean flowers.Molecular and genetic studies have characterized two antagonistic regulators,the positive activator GmMYBA3 and the negative repressor GmMYBR1,that modulate the gene expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis in soybean flowers.Further findings revealed a regulatory interplay between GmMYBA3 and GmMYBR1 bridged by GmTT8a,highlighting the complexity of anthocyanin regulation in different soybean organs.Exploration of additional soybean cultivars demonstrated the universality of GmMYBA3 and GmMYBR1 in regulating floral anthocyanin biosynthesis-related genes,with GmF3’5’H identified as a crucial determinant of white flower color.This study provides a molecular mechanism underlying soybean flower color determination,paving the way for the molecular modification of soybean flowers to probably enhance their resistance to abiotic stresses and attractiveness to pollinators.
文摘Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a major micro-vascular complication of diabetes, has emerged as a leading cause of visual impairment and blindness among working adults in the worldwide. The pathobiology of DR involves multiple molecular pathways and is characterized chronic neurovascular degeneration. Current approaches to prevent or to treat DR are still far from satisfactory. Therefore, it is important to develop new therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment to DR. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), a 50-kDa secreted glycoprotein, has been described as a multi-functional protein. Some emerging evidences indicate that PEDF are able to target multiple pathways exerting neurotropic, neuroprotective, anti-angiogenic, antivasopermeability, anti-inflammation, anti-thrombogenic and anti-oxidative effects in DR. In this review, we addressed the functions of PEDF in different pathways, which could lead to potential therapeutics on the treatment to DR.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(31372294 and 31702084)Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Technology Innovation Project(CAAS-XTCX2016010,CAAS-ZDXT2018006,ASTIP-IAS-TS-9,ASTIP-IAS-TS-16 and ASTIP-IAS03)for the design of the study and data collectionpartly supported by Beijing City Board of Education Foundation(PXM2016_014207_000012)for the data analysis and interpretation of the study
文摘Background: Fatty acids are important traits that affect meat quality and nutritive values in beef cattle. Detection of genetic variants for fatty acid composition can help to elucidate the genetic mechanism underpinning these traits and promote the improvement of fatty acid profiles. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study(GWAS) on fatty acid composition using high-density single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) arrays in Chinese Wagyu cattle.Results: In total, we detected 15 and 8 significant genome-wide SNPs for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, respectively. Also, we identified nine candidate genes based on 100 kb regions around associated SNPs. Four SNPs significantly associated with C14:1 cis-9 were embedded with stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD), while three SNPs in total were identified for C22:6 n-3 within Phospholipid scramblase family member 5(PLSCR5), Cytoplasmic linker associated protein 1(CLASP1), and Chymosin(CYM). Notably, we found the top candidate SNP within SCD can explain ~ 7.37% of phenotypic variance for C14:1 cis-9.Moreover, we detected several blocks with high LD in the 100 kb region around SCD. In addition, we found three significant SNPs within a 100 kb region showing pleiotropic effects related to multiple FA groups(PUFA,n-6, and PUFA/SFA), which contains BAI1 associated protein 2 like 2(BAIAP2 L2), MAF bZIP transcription factor F(MAFF),and transmembrane protein 184 B(TMEM184 B).Conclusions: Our study identified several significant SNPs and candidate genes for individual fatty acids and fatty acid groups in Chinese Wagyu cattle, and these findings will further assist the design of breeding programs for meat quality in cattle.
