This paper designs a high-frequency stable wireless amplitude modulation(AM)system based on a Pierce circuit.The system utilizes an oscillator and comparator to generate a 20 kHz square wave with an adjustable duty cy...This paper designs a high-frequency stable wireless amplitude modulation(AM)system based on a Pierce circuit.The system utilizes an oscillator and comparator to generate a 20 kHz square wave with an adjustable duty cycle,combined with a 41 MHz carrier wave produced by a passive crystal oscillator Pierce circuit.A 100% modulation index amplitude modulation is achieved through the AD835 multiplier.The modulated signal is amplified by a power amplifier circuit and transmitted wirelessly via the transmitter antenna.Upon reception,the signal undergoes two-stage highfrequency amplification before passing through a Schottky diode envelope detector.The NE5532 shaping circuit then restores the square wave.Experimental results demonstrate reliable 11-meter transmission with carrier frequency deviation<0.75% and demodulation error<1%.展开更多
The upward bubble velocity and the pierce length distributions in a sectionalwater model of the copper converter in Guixi Smelter in Jiangxi, China, were measured using atwo-contact electro-resistivity probe. In the c...The upward bubble velocity and the pierce length distributions in a sectionalwater model of the copper converter in Guixi Smelter in Jiangxi, China, were measured using atwo-contact electro-resistivity probe. In the case of using a single tuyere, the bubble velocitydistribution along longitudinal direction was similar to that derived from Guassian function. Beyondthe center of the longitudinal range, the bubble pierce length exhibited a sudden increase. Theupward bubble velocity at a specified location could go up to meters per second. Its probability ata fixed location obeys a lognormal function; the bubble pierce length there varies bellow a fewcentimeters. In the case of using multi-tuyeres, the upward bubble velocity was roughly uniformright above the tuyeres and showed a slow decrease beyond this region. The bubble pierce lengthwithin both of these two regions was roughly uniform. Its average value in the former region,however, was found to he somewhat lower than that in the later.展开更多
The development and application of large Die⁃Casting Al Alloy(DCAA)parts and Thermo⁃Formed Steel Sheets(TFSS)in Body⁃in⁃White(BIW)have created higher demands for the joining technology of high⁃strength steel/Al dissim...The development and application of large Die⁃Casting Al Alloy(DCAA)parts and Thermo⁃Formed Steel Sheets(TFSS)in Body⁃in⁃White(BIW)have created higher demands for the joining technology of high⁃strength steel/Al dissimilar materials.As an emerging technology,Flush Self⁃Piercing Riveting(FSPR)is still in the experimental phase and undergoing small batch equipment verification.This paper focuses on the joining methods for DCAA and TFSS in BIW,investigating the joining mechanisms,technical features,and forming principles of FSPR for steel/Al dissimilar materials with two⁃layer or three⁃layer plate combinations.Considering the TL4225/C611/CR5 sheet combination as a subject,the forming mechanism of high⁃quality joints was studied,and a physical and mathematical model was established to depict the relationship between the filling amount of the arc⁃gap and die dimensions,as well as the extrusion amount.This model effectively illustrates the relationship between the filling amount of the flowing metal in the arc⁃gap and critical parameters,such as die dimensions and feeding amounts.By simplifying the process of selecting joining parameters,it significantly reduces both the time and experimental workload associated with parameter selection.This provides a technical foundation for the application of DAAA and TFSS parts in BIW,enabling the rapid choice of appropriate joining parameters to meet the requirements for obtaining high⁃quality joints.The model can be effectively utilized to investigate the relationships between key parameters,including arc⁃gap radius,plate thickness,rivet arc radius,nail head radius,groove width,and feeding amount,while keeping other parameters constant.This approach provides a theoretical foundation for the design of Friction Stir Processing(FSP)joints and aids in the selection of optimal parameters.展开更多
体声波(BAW)谐振器受到质量负载时,谐振器的Butterworth Van Dyke(BVD)电路模型中会增加1个质量负载等效电感,为得到该电感与负载质量的量化关系,以便对BAW传感器进行系统行为仿真,该文提出了3D多物理场-等效电路仿真对比建模的方法。...体声波(BAW)谐振器受到质量负载时,谐振器的Butterworth Van Dyke(BVD)电路模型中会增加1个质量负载等效电感,为得到该电感与负载质量的量化关系,以便对BAW传感器进行系统行为仿真,该文提出了3D多物理场-等效电路仿真对比建模的方法。通过对比COMSOL Multiphysics软件的3D多物理场仿真结果与ADS的等效电路仿真结果得到质量负载等效电感和负载质量的量化关系。以一个薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)为例,介绍了该方法的详细过程,并得到案例中的量化关系为:质量负载等效电感每增加1nH,负载质量增加0.1ng。最后将该量化关系应用于基于Pierce振荡器的BAW传感器检测电路的系统级行为仿真。仿真结果表明,质量负载等效电感每增加1nH,振荡频率减小6 MHz,即振荡频率的变化情况与等效电路仿真结果相吻合,从而验证了该检测电路能用于BAW传感器的频率信号的检测。该量化方法同样适用于石英晶体微天平(QCM)。展开更多
文摘This paper designs a high-frequency stable wireless amplitude modulation(AM)system based on a Pierce circuit.The system utilizes an oscillator and comparator to generate a 20 kHz square wave with an adjustable duty cycle,combined with a 41 MHz carrier wave produced by a passive crystal oscillator Pierce circuit.A 100% modulation index amplitude modulation is achieved through the AD835 multiplier.The modulated signal is amplified by a power amplifier circuit and transmitted wirelessly via the transmitter antenna.Upon reception,the signal undergoes two-stage highfrequency amplification before passing through a Schottky diode envelope detector.The NE5532 shaping circuit then restores the square wave.Experimental results demonstrate reliable 11-meter transmission with carrier frequency deviation<0.75% and demodulation error<1%.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.59874005).
文摘The upward bubble velocity and the pierce length distributions in a sectionalwater model of the copper converter in Guixi Smelter in Jiangxi, China, were measured using atwo-contact electro-resistivity probe. In the case of using a single tuyere, the bubble velocitydistribution along longitudinal direction was similar to that derived from Guassian function. Beyondthe center of the longitudinal range, the bubble pierce length exhibited a sudden increase. Theupward bubble velocity at a specified location could go up to meters per second. Its probability ata fixed location obeys a lognormal function; the bubble pierce length there varies bellow a fewcentimeters. In the case of using multi-tuyeres, the upward bubble velocity was roughly uniformright above the tuyeres and showed a slow decrease beyond this region. The bubble pierce lengthwithin both of these two regions was roughly uniform. Its average value in the former region,however, was found to he somewhat lower than that in the later.
文摘The development and application of large Die⁃Casting Al Alloy(DCAA)parts and Thermo⁃Formed Steel Sheets(TFSS)in Body⁃in⁃White(BIW)have created higher demands for the joining technology of high⁃strength steel/Al dissimilar materials.As an emerging technology,Flush Self⁃Piercing Riveting(FSPR)is still in the experimental phase and undergoing small batch equipment verification.This paper focuses on the joining methods for DCAA and TFSS in BIW,investigating the joining mechanisms,technical features,and forming principles of FSPR for steel/Al dissimilar materials with two⁃layer or three⁃layer plate combinations.Considering the TL4225/C611/CR5 sheet combination as a subject,the forming mechanism of high⁃quality joints was studied,and a physical and mathematical model was established to depict the relationship between the filling amount of the arc⁃gap and die dimensions,as well as the extrusion amount.This model effectively illustrates the relationship between the filling amount of the flowing metal in the arc⁃gap and critical parameters,such as die dimensions and feeding amounts.By simplifying the process of selecting joining parameters,it significantly reduces both the time and experimental workload associated with parameter selection.This provides a technical foundation for the application of DAAA and TFSS parts in BIW,enabling the rapid choice of appropriate joining parameters to meet the requirements for obtaining high⁃quality joints.The model can be effectively utilized to investigate the relationships between key parameters,including arc⁃gap radius,plate thickness,rivet arc radius,nail head radius,groove width,and feeding amount,while keeping other parameters constant.This approach provides a theoretical foundation for the design of Friction Stir Processing(FSP)joints and aids in the selection of optimal parameters.
文摘体声波(BAW)谐振器受到质量负载时,谐振器的Butterworth Van Dyke(BVD)电路模型中会增加1个质量负载等效电感,为得到该电感与负载质量的量化关系,以便对BAW传感器进行系统行为仿真,该文提出了3D多物理场-等效电路仿真对比建模的方法。通过对比COMSOL Multiphysics软件的3D多物理场仿真结果与ADS的等效电路仿真结果得到质量负载等效电感和负载质量的量化关系。以一个薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)为例,介绍了该方法的详细过程,并得到案例中的量化关系为:质量负载等效电感每增加1nH,负载质量增加0.1ng。最后将该量化关系应用于基于Pierce振荡器的BAW传感器检测电路的系统级行为仿真。仿真结果表明,质量负载等效电感每增加1nH,振荡频率减小6 MHz,即振荡频率的变化情况与等效电路仿真结果相吻合,从而验证了该检测电路能用于BAW传感器的频率信号的检测。该量化方法同样适用于石英晶体微天平(QCM)。