Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the future.The growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference ...Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the future.The growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference tasks,exemplified by generative AI models such as ChatGPT—poses challenges for conventional electronic computing systems.Advances in photonics technology have ignited interest in investigating photonic computing as a promising AI computing modality.Through the profound fusion of AI and photonics technologies,intelligent photonics is developing as an emerging interdisciplinary field with significant potential to revolutionize practical applications.Deep learning,as a subset of AI,presents efficient avenues for optimizing photonic design,developing intelligent optical systems,and performing optical data processing and analysis.Employing AI in photonics can empower applications such as smartphone cameras,biomedical microscopy,and virtual and augmented reality displays.Conversely,leveraging photonics-based devices and systems for the physical implementation of neural networks enables high speed and low energy consumption.Applying photonics technology in AI computing is expected to have a transformative impact on diverse fields,including optical communications,automatic driving,and astronomical observation.Here,recent advances in intelligent photonics are presented from the perspective of the synergy between deep learning and metaphotonics,holography,and quantum photonics.This review also spotlights relevant applications and offers insights into challenges and prospects.展开更多
Silicon nitride photonics has emerged as a promising integrated optical platform due to its broad transparency window,low optical loss,and mature fabrication technology.However,the inherent centrosymmetric crystal str...Silicon nitride photonics has emerged as a promising integrated optical platform due to its broad transparency window,low optical loss,and mature fabrication technology.However,the inherent centrosymmetric crystal structure of silicon nitride fundamentally restricts its applications in second-order nonlinear optical processes.Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides,particularly tungsten disulfide(WS_(2)),exhibit strong second-order nonlinear responses,making them ideal candidates for nonlinear photonic applications.Herein,we demonstrate a heterogeneously integrated platform combining silicon nitride waveguides with chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-grown monolayer WS_(2),enabling second harmonic generation.A specially designed silica cladding featuring gentle-slope profile on silicon nitride strip waveguides facilitates the integration of centimeter-scale WS_(2)film with photonic circuits.This approach provides a robust solution for incorporating second-order nonlinearity into silicon nitride photonic systems.The demonstrated platform holds significant potential for advancing quantum networks,visible-light lasers,and integrated optical modulation/detection systems.展开更多
The bidirectional convergence of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics drives photonic technologies toward unprecedented levels of intelligence and efficiency,fundamentally reshaping their design paradigms and app...The bidirectional convergence of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics drives photonic technologies toward unprecedented levels of intelligence and efficiency,fundamentally reshaping their design paradigms and application boundaries.With its powerful data-driven and nonlinear optimization capabilities,artificial intelligence has become a powerful tool for optical design,enabling the inverse design of nanophotonics devices while accelerating the forward computation of electromagnetic responses.Conversely,nanophotonics provides a wave-based computational platform,giving rise to novel optical neural networks that achieve high-speed parallel computing and efficient information processing.This paper reviews the latest progress in the bidirectional field of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics,analyzes the basic principles of various applications from a universal perspective,comprehensively evaluates the advantages and limitations of different research methods,and makes a forwardlooking outlook on the bidirectional integration of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics,focusing on analyzing future development trends,potential applications,and challenges.The deep integration of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics is ushering in a new era for photonic technologies,offering unparalleled opportunities for fundamental research and industrial applications.展开更多
Conjugated polymers(CPs)have emerged as an interesting class of materials in modern electronics and photonics,characterized by their unique delocalizedπ-electron systems that confer high flexibility,tunable electroni...Conjugated polymers(CPs)have emerged as an interesting class of materials in modern electronics and photonics,characterized by their unique delocalizedπ-electron systems that confer high flexibility,tunable electronic properties,and solution processability.These organic polymers present a compelling alternative to traditional inorganic semiconductors,offering the potential for a new generation of optoelectronic devices.This review explores the evolving role of CPs,exploring the molecular design strategies and innovative approaches that enhance their optoelectronic properties.We highlight notable progress toward developing faster,more efficient,and environmentally friendly devices by analyzing recent advancements in CP-based devices,including organic photovoltaics,field-effect transistors,and nonvolatile memories.The integration of CPs in flexible sustainable technologies underscores their potential to revolutionize future electronic and photonic systems.As ongoing research pushes the frontiers of molecular engineering and device architecture,CPs are poised to play an essential role in shaping next-generation technologies that prioritize performance,sustainability,and adaptability.展开更多
This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic...This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic devices and materials,low-dimensional materials and novel nanodevice applications,flexible/wearable/implantable electronics,wide bandgap semiconductor materials and devices,photoelectronics,photonics,advanced display technologies,nanophotonics,integrated quantum photonics,photovoltaics,energy harvesting and self-powered wireless sensing,sensors,micro-actuators,MEMS,microfluidics,and bioMEMS,etc.展开更多
Novel thin films consisting of optical materials such as lithium niobate and barium titanate enable various high-performance integrated photonic devices.However,the nanofabrication of these devices requires high-quali...Novel thin films consisting of optical materials such as lithium niobate and barium titanate enable various high-performance integrated photonic devices.However,the nanofabrication of these devices requires high-quality etching of these thin films,necessitating the long-term development of the fabrication recipe and specialized equipment.Here we present a strong-confinement low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure as the building block of various passive and active integrated photonic devices based on novel thin films.By optimizing this low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure without etching the novel thin film,we can simultaneously realize strong optical power confinement in the thin film,low optical propagation loss,and strong electro-optic coupling for the fundamental transverse electric mode.Based on our low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure,we designed and fabricated a thin film lithium niobate(TFLN)modulator,featuring a 3-dB modulation bandwidth over 110 GHz and a voltage-length product as low as 2.26 V·cm,which is comparable to those of the state-of-the-art etched TFLN modulators.By alleviating the etching of novel thin films,the proposed structure opens up new ways of fast proof-of-concept demonstration and even mass production of high-performance integrated electro-optic and nonlinear devices based on novel thin films.展开更多
Photonic signal processing offers a versatile and promising toolkit for contemporary scenarios ranging from digital optical communication to analog microwave operation.Compared to its electronic counterpart,it elimina...Photonic signal processing offers a versatile and promising toolkit for contemporary scenarios ranging from digital optical communication to analog microwave operation.Compared to its electronic counterpart,it eliminates inherent bandwidth limitations and meanwhile exhibits the potential to provide unparalleled scalability and flexibility,particularly through integrated photonics.However,by far the on-chip solutions for optical signal processing are often tailored to specific tasks,which lacks versatility across diverse applications.Here,we propose a streamlined chip-level signal processing architecture that integrates different active and passive building blocks in silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform with a compact and efficient manner.Comprehensive and in-depth analyses for the architecture are conducted at levels of device,system,and application.Accompanied by appropriate configuring schemes,the photonic circuitry supports loading and processing both analog and digital signals simultaneously.Three distinct tasks are facilitated with one single chip across several mainstream fields,spanning optical computing,microwave photonics,and optical communications.Notably,it has demonstrated competitive performance in functions like image processing,spectrum filtering,and electro-optical bandwidth equalization.Boasting high universality and a compact form factor,the proposed architecture is poised to be instrumental for next-generation functional fusion systems.展开更多
This article addresses the past,present,and future status of hybrid plasmonic waveguides(HPWs).It presents a comprehensive review of HPW-based photonic integrated circuits(PICs),covering both passive and active device...This article addresses the past,present,and future status of hybrid plasmonic waveguides(HPWs).It presents a comprehensive review of HPW-based photonic integrated circuits(PICs),covering both passive and active devices,as well as potential application of on-chip HPWbased devices.HPW-based integrated circuits(HPWICs)are compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology,and their matched refractive indices enables the adaptation of existing fabrication processes for silicon-on-insulator designs.HPWs combine plasmonic and photonic waveguide components to provide strong confinement with longer propagation length L_(p)of HP modes with nominal losses.These HPWs are able to make a trade-off between low loss and longer L_(p),which is not possible with independent plasmonic and photonic waveguide components owing to their inability to simultaneously achieve low propagation loss with rapid and effective all-optical functionality.With HPWs,it is possible to overcome challenges such as high Ohmic losses and enhance the functional performance of PICs through the use of multiple discrete components.HPWs have been employed not only to guide transverse magnetic modes but also for optical beam manipulation,wireless optical communication,filtering,computation,sensing of bending,optical signal emission,and splitting.They also have the potential to play a pivotal role in optical communication systems for quantum computing and within data centers.At present,HPW-based PICs are poised to transform wireless chip-to-chip communication,a number of areas of biomedical science,machine learning,and artificial intelligence,as well as enabling the creation of densely integrated circuits and highly compact photonic devices.展开更多
Dynamic topological photonics is a novel research field, combining the time-domain optics and topological physics.In this review, the recent progress and realization platforms of dynamic topological photonics have bee...Dynamic topological photonics is a novel research field, combining the time-domain optics and topological physics.In this review, the recent progress and realization platforms of dynamic topological photonics have been well introduced.The definition, measurement methods and the evolution process of the dynamic topological photonics are demonstrated to better understand the physical diagram. This review is meant to bring the readers a different perspective on topological photonics, grasp the advanced progress of dynamic topology, and inspire ideas about future prospects.展开更多
The Chinese-Russian Workshop on Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics 2023 was held online twice on 18–21 September and 25–26 September 2023.The bilateral workshop brought together both Russian and Chinese scientists,e...The Chinese-Russian Workshop on Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics 2023 was held online twice on 18–21 September and 25–26 September 2023.The bilateral workshop brought together both Russian and Chinese scientists,engineers,and clinical researchers from a variety of disciplines engaged in applying optical science,photonics,and imaging technologies to problems in biology and medicine.During the workshops,two plenary lectures and twenty invited presentations were presented.This special issue selects some papers from both Russian and Chinese sides,consisting of one review and seven original research articles.展开更多
A compact and high-resolution fiber-optic refractive index(RI)sensor based on a microwave photonic filter(MPF)is proposed and experimentally validated.The sensing head utilizes a cascaded in-line interferometer fabric...A compact and high-resolution fiber-optic refractive index(RI)sensor based on a microwave photonic filter(MPF)is proposed and experimentally validated.The sensing head utilizes a cascaded in-line interferometer fabricated by an input single-mode fiber(SMF)tapered fusion with no-core fiber-thin-core fiber(TCF)-SMF.The surrounding RI(SRI)can be demodulated by tracing the passband’s central frequency of the MPF,which is constructed by the cascaded in-line interferometer,electro-optic modulator,and a section of dispersion compensation fiber.The sensitivity of the sensor is tailorable through the use of different lengths of TCF.Experimental results reveal that with a 30 mm length of TCF,the sensor achieves a maximum theoretical sensitivity and resolution of-1.403 GHz∕refractive index unit eRIUT and 1.425×10^(-7) RIU,respectively,which is at least 6.3 times higher than what has been reported previously.Furthermore,the sensor exhibits temperature-insensitive characteristics within the range of 25℃-75℃,with a temperatureinduced frequency change of only±1.5 MHz.This value is significantly lower than the frequency change induced by changes in the SRI.The proposed MPF-based cascaded in-line interferometer RI sensor possesses benefits such as easy manufacture,low cost,high resolution,and temperature insensitivity.展开更多
With the advancement of photonic integration technology,ultra-low linewidth frequency-stabilized lasers have demonstrated significant potential in precision measurement,quantum communication,atomic clocks,etc.This rev...With the advancement of photonic integration technology,ultra-low linewidth frequency-stabilized lasers have demonstrated significant potential in precision measurement,quantum communication,atomic clocks,etc.This review summarizes the latest developments in integrated photonics for achieving ultra-low linewidth lasers,particularly breakthroughs made by integrating Brillouin lasers.We discuss the design principles,manufacturing processes,performance characteristics,and potential value of these lasers in various applications.展开更多
The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to t...The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to the fascinating advantages such as high speed,wide bandwidth,and massive parallelism.Here,we offer a review on the optical neural computing in our research groups at the device and system levels.The photonics neuron and photonics synapse plasticity are presented.In addition,we introduce several optical neural computing architectures and algorithms including photonic spiking neural network,photonic convolutional neural network,photonic matrix computation,photonic reservoir computing,and photonic reinforcement learning.Finally,we summarize the major challenges faced by photonic neuromorphic computing,and propose promising solutions and perspectives.展开更多
In recent decades,silicon photonics has attracted much attention in telecom and data-com areas.Constituted of high refractive-index contrast waveguides on silicon-on-insulator(SOI),a variety of integrated photonic pas...In recent decades,silicon photonics has attracted much attention in telecom and data-com areas.Constituted of high refractive-index contrast waveguides on silicon-on-insulator(SOI),a variety of integrated photonic passive and active devices have been implemented supported by excellent optical properties of silicon in the mid-infrared spectrum.The main advantage of the silicon photonics is the ability to use complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process-compatible fabrication technologies,resulting in high-volume production at low cost.On the other hand,explosively growing traffic in the telecom,data center and high-performance computer demands the data flow to have high speed,wide bandwidth,low cost,and high energy-efficiency,as well as the photonics and electronics to be integrated for ultra-fast data transfer in networks.In practical applications,silicon photonics started with optical interconnect transceivers in the data-com first,and has been now extended to innovative applications such as multi-port optical switches in the telecom network node and integrated optical phased arrays(OPAs)in light detection and ranging(LiDAR).This paper overviews the progresses of silicon photonics from four points reflecting the recent advances mentioned above.CMOS-based silicon photonic platform technologies,applications to optical transceiver in the data-com network,applications to multi-port optical switches in the telecom network and applications to OPA in LiDAR system.展开更多
Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are expected to play a significant role in the ongoing second quantum revolution,thanks to their stability and scalability.Still,major upgrades are needed for available PIC platforms ...Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are expected to play a significant role in the ongoing second quantum revolution,thanks to their stability and scalability.Still,major upgrades are needed for available PIC platforms to meet the demanding requirements of quantum devices.We present a review of our recent progress in upgrading an unconventional silicon photonics platform toward this goal,including ultralow propagation losses,low-fiber coupling losses,integration of superconducting elements,Faraday rotators,fast and efficient detectors,and phase modulators with low-loss and/or low-energy consumption.We show the relevance of our developments and our vision in the main applications of quantum key distribution,to achieve significantly higher key rates and large-scale deployment;and cryogenic quantum computers,to replace electrical connections to the cryostat with optical fibers.展开更多
The emerging new concepts and technologies based on microwave photonics have led to an ever-increasing interest in developing innovative radar systems with a net gain in functionality,bandwidth /resolution,size,mass,c...The emerging new concepts and technologies based on microwave photonics have led to an ever-increasing interest in developing innovative radar systems with a net gain in functionality,bandwidth /resolution,size,mass,complexity and cost when compared with the traditional implementations. This paper describes the techniques developed in the last few years in microwave photonics that might revolutionize the way to design multifunction radar systems,with an emphasis on the recent advances in optoelectronic oscillators( OEOs),arbitrary waveform generation,photonic mixing,phase coding,filtering,beamforming,analog-to-digital conversion,and stable radio-frequency signal transfer. Challenges in implementation of these components and subsystems for meeting the technique requirements of the multifunction radar applications are discussed.展开更多
Silicon photonics technology has drawn significant interest due to its potential for compact and high-performance photonic integrated circuits.The Ge-or III-V material-based avalanche photodiodes integrated on silicon...Silicon photonics technology has drawn significant interest due to its potential for compact and high-performance photonic integrated circuits.The Ge-or III-V material-based avalanche photodiodes integrated on silicon photonics provide ideal high sensitivity optical receivers for telecommunication wavelengths.Herein,the last advances of monolithic and hetero-geneous avalanche photodiodes on silicon are reviewed,including different device structures and semiconductor systems.展开更多
Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moo...Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moore era.Integrated silicon photonics technology exhibits distinguished potential to achieve faster operation speed,less power dissipation,and lower cost in IC industry,because their COMS compatibility,fast response,and high monolithic integration capability.Particularly,compared with other on-chip resonators(e.g.microrings,2D photonic crystal cavities)silicon-on-insulator(SOI)-based photonic crystal nanobeam cavity(PCNC)has emerged as a promising platform for on-chip integration,due to their attractive properties of ultra-high Q/V,ultra-compact footprints and convenient integration with silicon bus-waveguides.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of on-chip PCNC devices for lasing,modulation,switching/filting and label-free sensing,etc.展开更多
The continual demand for modern optoelectronics with a high integration degree and customized functions has increased requirements for nanofabrication methods with high resolution,freeform,and mask-free.Meniscus-on-de...The continual demand for modern optoelectronics with a high integration degree and customized functions has increased requirements for nanofabrication methods with high resolution,freeform,and mask-free.Meniscus-on-demand three-dimensional(3D)printing is a high-resolution additive manufacturing technique that exploits the ink meniscus formed on a printer nozzle and is suitable for the fabrication of micro/nanoscale 3D architectures.This method can be used for solution-processed 3D patterning of materials at a resolution of up to100 nm,which provides an excellent platform for fundamental scientific studies and various practical applications.This review presents recent advances in meniscus-on-demand 3D printing,together with historical perspectives and theoretical background on meniscus formation and stability.Moreover,this review highlights the capabilities of meniscus-on-demand 3D printing in terms of printable materials and potential areas of application,such as electronics and photonics.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62035003 and 62235009).
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)has taken breathtaking leaps forward in recent years,evolving into a strategic technology for pioneering the future.The growing demand for computing power—especially in demanding inference tasks,exemplified by generative AI models such as ChatGPT—poses challenges for conventional electronic computing systems.Advances in photonics technology have ignited interest in investigating photonic computing as a promising AI computing modality.Through the profound fusion of AI and photonics technologies,intelligent photonics is developing as an emerging interdisciplinary field with significant potential to revolutionize practical applications.Deep learning,as a subset of AI,presents efficient avenues for optimizing photonic design,developing intelligent optical systems,and performing optical data processing and analysis.Employing AI in photonics can empower applications such as smartphone cameras,biomedical microscopy,and virtual and augmented reality displays.Conversely,leveraging photonics-based devices and systems for the physical implementation of neural networks enables high speed and low energy consumption.Applying photonics technology in AI computing is expected to have a transformative impact on diverse fields,including optical communications,automatic driving,and astronomical observation.Here,recent advances in intelligent photonics are presented from the perspective of the synergy between deep learning and metaphotonics,holography,and quantum photonics.This review also spotlights relevant applications and offers insights into challenges and prospects.
基金Project supported by the National Innovative Training Program for College Students of China(Grant No.2023069)the University Research and Innovation Project of the National University of Defense Technology。
文摘Silicon nitride photonics has emerged as a promising integrated optical platform due to its broad transparency window,low optical loss,and mature fabrication technology.However,the inherent centrosymmetric crystal structure of silicon nitride fundamentally restricts its applications in second-order nonlinear optical processes.Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides,particularly tungsten disulfide(WS_(2)),exhibit strong second-order nonlinear responses,making them ideal candidates for nonlinear photonic applications.Herein,we demonstrate a heterogeneously integrated platform combining silicon nitride waveguides with chemical vapor deposition(CVD)-grown monolayer WS_(2),enabling second harmonic generation.A specially designed silica cladding featuring gentle-slope profile on silicon nitride strip waveguides facilitates the integration of centimeter-scale WS_(2)film with photonic circuits.This approach provides a robust solution for incorporating second-order nonlinearity into silicon nitride photonic systems.The demonstrated platform holds significant potential for advancing quantum networks,visible-light lasers,and integrated optical modulation/detection systems.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2024YFB3614600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52402185)+1 种基金Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2025A1515011800)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Grant No.JCYJ20241202123712017)。
文摘The bidirectional convergence of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics drives photonic technologies toward unprecedented levels of intelligence and efficiency,fundamentally reshaping their design paradigms and application boundaries.With its powerful data-driven and nonlinear optimization capabilities,artificial intelligence has become a powerful tool for optical design,enabling the inverse design of nanophotonics devices while accelerating the forward computation of electromagnetic responses.Conversely,nanophotonics provides a wave-based computational platform,giving rise to novel optical neural networks that achieve high-speed parallel computing and efficient information processing.This paper reviews the latest progress in the bidirectional field of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics,analyzes the basic principles of various applications from a universal perspective,comprehensively evaluates the advantages and limitations of different research methods,and makes a forwardlooking outlook on the bidirectional integration of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics,focusing on analyzing future development trends,potential applications,and challenges.The deep integration of artificial intelligence and nanophotonics is ushering in a new era for photonic technologies,offering unparalleled opportunities for fundamental research and industrial applications.
基金Khalifa University,Abu Dhabi,for the generous support of this researchthe financial support from the Khalifa University Research&Innovation Grant(RIG-2023-005)。
文摘Conjugated polymers(CPs)have emerged as an interesting class of materials in modern electronics and photonics,characterized by their unique delocalizedπ-electron systems that confer high flexibility,tunable electronic properties,and solution processability.These organic polymers present a compelling alternative to traditional inorganic semiconductors,offering the potential for a new generation of optoelectronic devices.This review explores the evolving role of CPs,exploring the molecular design strategies and innovative approaches that enhance their optoelectronic properties.We highlight notable progress toward developing faster,more efficient,and environmentally friendly devices by analyzing recent advancements in CP-based devices,including organic photovoltaics,field-effect transistors,and nonvolatile memories.The integration of CPs in flexible sustainable technologies underscores their potential to revolutionize future electronic and photonic systems.As ongoing research pushes the frontiers of molecular engineering and device architecture,CPs are poised to play an essential role in shaping next-generation technologies that prioritize performance,sustainability,and adaptability.
文摘This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic devices and materials,low-dimensional materials and novel nanodevice applications,flexible/wearable/implantable electronics,wide bandgap semiconductor materials and devices,photoelectronics,photonics,advanced display technologies,nanophotonics,integrated quantum photonics,photovoltaics,energy harvesting and self-powered wireless sensing,sensors,micro-actuators,MEMS,microfluidics,and bioMEMS,etc.
基金financial supports from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFA1401000)National Natural Science Foundation of China (62435009)+2 种基金Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation (Z220008)Zhuhai Industry University Research Collaboration Project (ZH-2201700121010)supported by the Center of High Performance Computing,Tsinghua University
文摘Novel thin films consisting of optical materials such as lithium niobate and barium titanate enable various high-performance integrated photonic devices.However,the nanofabrication of these devices requires high-quality etching of these thin films,necessitating the long-term development of the fabrication recipe and specialized equipment.Here we present a strong-confinement low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure as the building block of various passive and active integrated photonic devices based on novel thin films.By optimizing this low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure without etching the novel thin film,we can simultaneously realize strong optical power confinement in the thin film,low optical propagation loss,and strong electro-optic coupling for the fundamental transverse electric mode.Based on our low-index-rib-loaded waveguide structure,we designed and fabricated a thin film lithium niobate(TFLN)modulator,featuring a 3-dB modulation bandwidth over 110 GHz and a voltage-length product as low as 2.26 V·cm,which is comparable to those of the state-of-the-art etched TFLN modulators.By alleviating the etching of novel thin films,the proposed structure opens up new ways of fast proof-of-concept demonstration and even mass production of high-performance integrated electro-optic and nonlinear devices based on novel thin films.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2803700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62235002,62322501,12204021,62105008,62235003,and 62105260)+5 种基金Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(Z221100006722003)Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(Z210004)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021T140004)Major Key Project of PCL,the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(2022 JQ-638)Young Talent fund of University Association for Science and Technology in Shaanxi,China(20220135)Young Talent fund of Xi'an Association for science and technology(095920221308).
文摘Photonic signal processing offers a versatile and promising toolkit for contemporary scenarios ranging from digital optical communication to analog microwave operation.Compared to its electronic counterpart,it eliminates inherent bandwidth limitations and meanwhile exhibits the potential to provide unparalleled scalability and flexibility,particularly through integrated photonics.However,by far the on-chip solutions for optical signal processing are often tailored to specific tasks,which lacks versatility across diverse applications.Here,we propose a streamlined chip-level signal processing architecture that integrates different active and passive building blocks in silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform with a compact and efficient manner.Comprehensive and in-depth analyses for the architecture are conducted at levels of device,system,and application.Accompanied by appropriate configuring schemes,the photonic circuitry supports loading and processing both analog and digital signals simultaneously.Three distinct tasks are facilitated with one single chip across several mainstream fields,spanning optical computing,microwave photonics,and optical communications.Notably,it has demonstrated competitive performance in functions like image processing,spectrum filtering,and electro-optical bandwidth equalization.Boasting high universality and a compact form factor,the proposed architecture is poised to be instrumental for next-generation functional fusion systems.
文摘This article addresses the past,present,and future status of hybrid plasmonic waveguides(HPWs).It presents a comprehensive review of HPW-based photonic integrated circuits(PICs),covering both passive and active devices,as well as potential application of on-chip HPWbased devices.HPW-based integrated circuits(HPWICs)are compatible with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology,and their matched refractive indices enables the adaptation of existing fabrication processes for silicon-on-insulator designs.HPWs combine plasmonic and photonic waveguide components to provide strong confinement with longer propagation length L_(p)of HP modes with nominal losses.These HPWs are able to make a trade-off between low loss and longer L_(p),which is not possible with independent plasmonic and photonic waveguide components owing to their inability to simultaneously achieve low propagation loss with rapid and effective all-optical functionality.With HPWs,it is possible to overcome challenges such as high Ohmic losses and enhance the functional performance of PICs through the use of multiple discrete components.HPWs have been employed not only to guide transverse magnetic modes but also for optical beam manipulation,wireless optical communication,filtering,computation,sensing of bending,optical signal emission,and splitting.They also have the potential to play a pivotal role in optical communication systems for quantum computing and within data centers.At present,HPW-based PICs are poised to transform wireless chip-to-chip communication,a number of areas of biomedical science,machine learning,and artificial intelligence,as well as enabling the creation of densely integrated circuits and highly compact photonic devices.
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2018YFB2200403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.91950204 and 92150302)。
文摘Dynamic topological photonics is a novel research field, combining the time-domain optics and topological physics.In this review, the recent progress and realization platforms of dynamic topological photonics have been well introduced.The definition, measurement methods and the evolution process of the dynamic topological photonics are demonstrated to better understand the physical diagram. This review is meant to bring the readers a different perspective on topological photonics, grasp the advanced progress of dynamic topology, and inspire ideas about future prospects.
文摘The Chinese-Russian Workshop on Biophotonics and Biomedical Optics 2023 was held online twice on 18–21 September and 25–26 September 2023.The bilateral workshop brought together both Russian and Chinese scientists,engineers,and clinical researchers from a variety of disciplines engaged in applying optical science,photonics,and imaging technologies to problems in biology and medicine.During the workshops,two plenary lectures and twenty invited presentations were presented.This special issue selects some papers from both Russian and Chinese sides,consisting of one review and seven original research articles.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61975167).
文摘A compact and high-resolution fiber-optic refractive index(RI)sensor based on a microwave photonic filter(MPF)is proposed and experimentally validated.The sensing head utilizes a cascaded in-line interferometer fabricated by an input single-mode fiber(SMF)tapered fusion with no-core fiber-thin-core fiber(TCF)-SMF.The surrounding RI(SRI)can be demodulated by tracing the passband’s central frequency of the MPF,which is constructed by the cascaded in-line interferometer,electro-optic modulator,and a section of dispersion compensation fiber.The sensitivity of the sensor is tailorable through the use of different lengths of TCF.Experimental results reveal that with a 30 mm length of TCF,the sensor achieves a maximum theoretical sensitivity and resolution of-1.403 GHz∕refractive index unit eRIUT and 1.425×10^(-7) RIU,respectively,which is at least 6.3 times higher than what has been reported previously.Furthermore,the sensor exhibits temperature-insensitive characteristics within the range of 25℃-75℃,with a temperatureinduced frequency change of only±1.5 MHz.This value is significantly lower than the frequency change induced by changes in the SRI.The proposed MPF-based cascaded in-line interferometer RI sensor possesses benefits such as easy manufacture,low cost,high resolution,and temperature insensitivity.
基金This research is partially funded by the Natural Science Foundation of China Project under Grant Nos.61925104 and 62031011the Key Re⁃search and Development Program of Jiangsu Province under Grant No.BE2021008-5.
文摘With the advancement of photonic integration technology,ultra-low linewidth frequency-stabilized lasers have demonstrated significant potential in precision measurement,quantum communication,atomic clocks,etc.This review summarizes the latest developments in integrated photonics for achieving ultra-low linewidth lasers,particularly breakthroughs made by integrating Brillouin lasers.We discuss the design principles,manufacturing processes,performance characteristics,and potential value of these lasers in various applications.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(62022062)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61974177,61674119)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘The explosive growth of data and information has motivated various emerging non-von Neumann computational approaches in the More-than-Moore era.Photonics neuromorphic computing has attracted lots of attention due to the fascinating advantages such as high speed,wide bandwidth,and massive parallelism.Here,we offer a review on the optical neural computing in our research groups at the device and system levels.The photonics neuron and photonics synapse plasticity are presented.In addition,we introduce several optical neural computing architectures and algorithms including photonic spiking neural network,photonic convolutional neural network,photonic matrix computation,photonic reservoir computing,and photonic reinforcement learning.Finally,we summarize the major challenges faced by photonic neuromorphic computing,and propose promising solutions and perspectives.
文摘In recent decades,silicon photonics has attracted much attention in telecom and data-com areas.Constituted of high refractive-index contrast waveguides on silicon-on-insulator(SOI),a variety of integrated photonic passive and active devices have been implemented supported by excellent optical properties of silicon in the mid-infrared spectrum.The main advantage of the silicon photonics is the ability to use complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)process-compatible fabrication technologies,resulting in high-volume production at low cost.On the other hand,explosively growing traffic in the telecom,data center and high-performance computer demands the data flow to have high speed,wide bandwidth,low cost,and high energy-efficiency,as well as the photonics and electronics to be integrated for ultra-fast data transfer in networks.In practical applications,silicon photonics started with optical interconnect transceivers in the data-com first,and has been now extended to innovative applications such as multi-port optical switches in the telecom network node and integrated optical phased arrays(OPAs)in light detection and ranging(LiDAR).This paper overviews the progresses of silicon photonics from four points reflecting the recent advances mentioned above.CMOS-based silicon photonic platform technologies,applications to optical transceiver in the data-com network,applications to multi-port optical switches in the telecom network and applications to OPA in LiDAR system.
基金supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program through projects aCryComm(Grant No.899558)Quantum e-leaps(Grant No.862660)+8 种基金OpenSuperQ(Grant No.820363)EFINED(Grant No.766853)EMPIR SuperQuant(Project No.20FUN07)support by the Academy of Finland Flagship Program,Photonics Research and Innovation(PREIN)(Decision No.320168)VTT Internal Quantum Initiative“Quantum leap in quantum control.”This work was performed as part of the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence program(Project No.336817)projects ETHEC(Grant No.322580)QuantLearn(Grant No.350220)support from Business Finland through projects QuTI(No.40562/31/2020)PICAP(No.44065/31/2020).
文摘Photonic integrated circuits(PICs)are expected to play a significant role in the ongoing second quantum revolution,thanks to their stability and scalability.Still,major upgrades are needed for available PIC platforms to meet the demanding requirements of quantum devices.We present a review of our recent progress in upgrading an unconventional silicon photonics platform toward this goal,including ultralow propagation losses,low-fiber coupling losses,integration of superconducting elements,Faraday rotators,fast and efficient detectors,and phase modulators with low-loss and/or low-energy consumption.We show the relevance of our developments and our vision in the main applications of quantum key distribution,to achieve significantly higher key rates and large-scale deployment;and cryogenic quantum computers,to replace electrical connections to the cryostat with optical fibers.
基金Supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(2012CB315705)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK2012031,BK2012381)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61201048,61107063)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The emerging new concepts and technologies based on microwave photonics have led to an ever-increasing interest in developing innovative radar systems with a net gain in functionality,bandwidth /resolution,size,mass,complexity and cost when compared with the traditional implementations. This paper describes the techniques developed in the last few years in microwave photonics that might revolutionize the way to design multifunction radar systems,with an emphasis on the recent advances in optoelectronic oscillators( OEOs),arbitrary waveform generation,photonic mixing,phase coding,filtering,beamforming,analog-to-digital conversion,and stable radio-frequency signal transfer. Challenges in implementation of these components and subsystems for meeting the technique requirements of the multifunction radar applications are discussed.
文摘Silicon photonics technology has drawn significant interest due to its potential for compact and high-performance photonic integrated circuits.The Ge-or III-V material-based avalanche photodiodes integrated on silicon photonics provide ideal high sensitivity optical receivers for telecommunication wavelengths.Herein,the last advances of monolithic and hetero-geneous avalanche photodiodes on silicon are reviewed,including different device structures and semiconductor systems.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0301302 and No.2018YFB 2200401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11974058,11825402,11654003,61435001)+4 种基金Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences(Grant No.Y18G20)Key R&D Program of Guangdong Province(Grant No.2018B030329001)Beijing Nova Program(Grant No.Z201100006820125)from Beijing Municipal ScienceTechnology Commission,Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2018XKJC05)the High Performance Computing Platform of Peking University.
文摘Integrated circuit(IC)industry has fully considered the fact that the Moore’s Law is slowing down or ending.Alternative solutions are highly and urgently desired to break the physical size limits in the More-than-Moore era.Integrated silicon photonics technology exhibits distinguished potential to achieve faster operation speed,less power dissipation,and lower cost in IC industry,because their COMS compatibility,fast response,and high monolithic integration capability.Particularly,compared with other on-chip resonators(e.g.microrings,2D photonic crystal cavities)silicon-on-insulator(SOI)-based photonic crystal nanobeam cavity(PCNC)has emerged as a promising platform for on-chip integration,due to their attractive properties of ultra-high Q/V,ultra-compact footprints and convenient integration with silicon bus-waveguides.In this paper,we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of on-chip PCNC devices for lasing,modulation,switching/filting and label-free sensing,etc.
基金supported by the General Research Fund(17200222,17208919,17204020)of the Research Grants Council of Hong Kongthe National Natural Science Foundation of China/Research Grants Council Joint Research Scheme(N_HKU743/22)the Seed Fund for Basic Research(201910159047,202111159097)of the University Research Committee(URC),The University of Hong Kong。
文摘The continual demand for modern optoelectronics with a high integration degree and customized functions has increased requirements for nanofabrication methods with high resolution,freeform,and mask-free.Meniscus-on-demand three-dimensional(3D)printing is a high-resolution additive manufacturing technique that exploits the ink meniscus formed on a printer nozzle and is suitable for the fabrication of micro/nanoscale 3D architectures.This method can be used for solution-processed 3D patterning of materials at a resolution of up to100 nm,which provides an excellent platform for fundamental scientific studies and various practical applications.This review presents recent advances in meniscus-on-demand 3D printing,together with historical perspectives and theoretical background on meniscus formation and stability.Moreover,this review highlights the capabilities of meniscus-on-demand 3D printing in terms of printable materials and potential areas of application,such as electronics and photonics.
