Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently u...Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently used for soils rely on the use of physical and chemical means, which tend to be very expensive and result in secondary environmental damage. However, microbe-aided phytoremediation is gaining attention as it is an eco-friendly, affordable, and technically advanced method to restore the ecosystem. It is essential to understand the complex interaction between plants and microbes. The primary function of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is to stimulate plant development, aid in metal elimination, and reduce their bioavailability in the soil. These microbes regulate phytohormones, stimulate processes such as phytoextraction and phyto-stabilization, and improve the uptake of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. PGPBs secrete a range of enzymes and chemicals, fix nitrogen, solubilize minerals, increase the bioavailability of nutrients under diverse biological environments with high salinities, excessive metal-contaminated soil, and organic pollutants, increase the soil fertility and help in the reclamation of agriculture and regenerate the native flora. The integration of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology with microbial-aided phytoremediation and the use of genetically modified microbes with nanomaterials further enhance the efficacy of the approaches in polluted environments for sustainable restoration of the soil.展开更多
本研究从南京板桥镇的灰潮土中,筛选出了一株高效固氮解磷菌,命名为JX14,其固氮酶活性达C2H438.9 nmol/(h·ml),对磷酸三钙的转化量达96.19 mg/L。通过形态观察、生理生化特征及16S r DNA基因序列分析,确定JX14为贪噬菌属(Variovora...本研究从南京板桥镇的灰潮土中,筛选出了一株高效固氮解磷菌,命名为JX14,其固氮酶活性达C2H438.9 nmol/(h·ml),对磷酸三钙的转化量达96.19 mg/L。通过形态观察、生理生化特征及16S r DNA基因序列分析,确定JX14为贪噬菌属(Variovorax sp.)。在温室条件下进行花生盆栽试验,结果表明,接种JX14菌株的处理,土壤NH4+-N、NO3–-N、矿质氮含量较不接菌处理分别提高了1.08、1.18、1.16倍,土壤有效磷含量提高了18.14%。花生根系总长、表面积、体积以及根尖数,较对照分别提高了1.61、1.28、1.37、1.12倍,花生根系变得更长更粗并且具有更多的分支,增强了根对土壤中营养元素的吸收,花生地上部鲜重、株高显著提高了44.78%、14.10%,花生全氮磷钾含量分别显著提高了35.14%、171.43%、133.33%。该结果为植物促生菌JX14在农业生产上的应用提供了理论依据和研究基础。展开更多
基金supported by the Yibin Science and Technology Plan(2022NY011).
文摘Soil metal pollution is a global issue due to its toxic nature affecting ecosystems and human health. This has become a concern since metals are non-biodegradable and toxic. Most of the reclamation methods currently used for soils rely on the use of physical and chemical means, which tend to be very expensive and result in secondary environmental damage. However, microbe-aided phytoremediation is gaining attention as it is an eco-friendly, affordable, and technically advanced method to restore the ecosystem. It is essential to understand the complex interaction between plants and microbes. The primary function of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is to stimulate plant development, aid in metal elimination, and reduce their bioavailability in the soil. These microbes regulate phytohormones, stimulate processes such as phytoextraction and phyto-stabilization, and improve the uptake of essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus. PGPBs secrete a range of enzymes and chemicals, fix nitrogen, solubilize minerals, increase the bioavailability of nutrients under diverse biological environments with high salinities, excessive metal-contaminated soil, and organic pollutants, increase the soil fertility and help in the reclamation of agriculture and regenerate the native flora. The integration of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology with microbial-aided phytoremediation and the use of genetically modified microbes with nanomaterials further enhance the efficacy of the approaches in polluted environments for sustainable restoration of the soil.
